2019 “外研社·国才杯”定题演讲破题 第二讲 课程资料

2019年外研社国才杯演讲稿引言尊敬的评委、亲爱的观众们，大家好！我很荣幸能够站在这个舞台上，与各位分享我的演讲稿。

今天，我将和大家一起探讨一个重要的主题——21世纪全球化教育的挑战与机遇。

在这个快速发展的时代，教育不再仅仅是知识的传递和技能的培养，而是需要面对全球化的挑战，培养具有全球视野、跨文化交流能力和创新思维的学生。

1. 全球化教育的重要性全球化教育是指在培养学生全球视野和全球竞争力方面的一系列教育活动。

随着经济全球化和科技进步的推动，世界各国的交流和联系日益紧密，国际间的合作与竞争也日益激烈。

在这样的背景下，全球化教育的重要性不言而喻。

首先，全球化教育能够促进学生的全球视野。

通过学习不同国家和地区的历史、文化、经济等方面的知识，学生能够更好地了解世界的多样性和复杂性，培养他们跨文化交流的能力。

其次，全球化教育还能够培养学生的跨文化交流能力。

在全球化的背景下，不同文化之间的交流和理解变得至关重要。

学生需要通过学习外语、参与国际交流项目等方式，提高他们的语言沟通和跨文化交流能力，才能适应全球化的环境。

最后，全球化教育还能够培养学生的创新思维。

在全球化竞争激烈的时代，创新能力成为求职市场的重要竞争力。

全球化教育通过培养学生的创新思维和解决问题的能力，为他们未来的发展打下坚实基础。

2. 全球化教育面临的挑战然而，全球化教育也面临着一些挑战。

首先，语言障碍是全球化教育的一大问题。

不同国家和地区的语言差异使得跨文化交流变得困难，学生需要花费更多的时间和精力去学习和掌握外语。

其次，教育资源不平衡也是一个挑战。

在一些发达国家，优质的教育资源普遍分布，学生可以获得良好的教育机会。

然而，在一些发展中国家，教育资源严重不足，学生面临着缺乏优质教育资源的问题。

最后，文化差异也是全球化教育的一大挑战。

不同文化之间的差异使得跨文化交流变得复杂，学生需要具备学习其他文化和适应其他文化的能力。

3. 全球化教育的机遇尽管全球化教育面临着一些挑战，但也同时提供了许多机遇。

外研社·国才杯”英语辩论赛赛攻略全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1【外研社·国才杯”英语辩论赛赛攻略】Hello everyone!Are you excited about the 【外研社·国才杯”英语辩论赛】? It's a great opportunity to show off your English skills and have fun with your friends. But wait, how can you win the debate? Don't worry, I'm here to help you with some strategies!1. Choose a Strong TeamThe first step is to form a strong team. Find classmates who are good at English and work well together. You need to communicate and cooperate with each other to come up with strong arguments and counterarguments. Remember, teamwork is the key to success!2. Research, Research, Research!Before the debate, make sure you do your homework. Research the topic thoroughly and gather supporting evidence for your arguments. Use books, articles, and reliable websites togather information. The more you know about the topic, the stronger your arguments will be.3. Know Your AudienceDuring the debate, it's important to know your audience. Understand their perspectives and try to tailor your arguments accordingly. Think about what might convince them and address their concerns. This shows that you respect their opinions and can help you win their support.4. Structure Your ArgumentsA well-structured argument is essential in a debate. Start with a clear introduction to grab the audience's attention. Then present your main points with supporting evidence. Use examples, statistics, and personal experiences to make your arguments more convincing. Finally, summarize your key points in a strong conclusion.5. Practice, Practice, Practice!Practice makes perfect! Rehearse your arguments with your teammates before the debate. Pay attention to your body language, voice projection, and clarity of speech. Practice responding to possible counterarguments as well. The more you practice, the more confident you'll feel on the stage.6. Be RespectfulRemember, a debate is a respectful exchange of ideas. Listen carefully to the opposing team's arguments and respond in a polite manner. Avoid personal attacks or disrespectful language. Focus on the topic and present your arguments confidently and respectfully.7. Time ManagementTime management is crucial in a debate. Make sure you allocate enough time for each point and stick to the time limits. Be concise and to the point while presenting your arguments. Practice speaking within the time limits to avoid rushing or running out of time.8. Stay Calm and ConfidentLast but not least, stay calm and confident throughout the debate. Take deep breaths and remind yourself that you're prepared and knowledgeable about the topic. Speak clearly and maintain eye contact with the audience. Remember, confidence can win half the battle!ConclusionWith these strategies in mind, you're ready to rock the 【外研社·国才杯”英语辩论赛】! Work together with your team, do yourresearch, and present your arguments with confidence and respect. Remember, winning isn't everything. Enjoy the process, have fun, and learn from the experience. Good luck, and may the best team win!Yours cheerfully,[Your Name]P.S. Remember to smile and have fun!篇2How to Win the English Debate CompetitionHi there! My name is Lily and I'm a 5th grader. I just won the big English debate tournament at my school and I'm going to tell you all my tips and tricks for how to be a debate champ!First things first, you have to pick a really good topic to debate about. The best topics are things that you feel really passionate about, because then you'll have lots of energy and enthusiasm when you're debating. It could be something fun like whether dogs or cats make better pets. Or something more serious like if junk food should be banned at school.Whatever topic you choose, you have to do a ton of research and preparation! That's probably the most important thing forwinning a debate. You can't just go up there and wing it. My parents helped me find lots of books, websites, and videos about my topic so I could learn all the facts and details inside and out.While I was researching, I made sure to look at the issue from both sides - the pros and the cons. That way I could anticipate what arguments the other team might make and be ready with counter-arguments and rebuttals. I wrote down every possible point and piece of evidence, both supporting my side and the opposite view.Then I organized all my notes and evidence into a logical structure with an introduction, key arguments, and conclusion. The introduction needs to clearly state what side of the debate you are on. The body arguments need to flow smoothly from one point to the next. And the conclusion should restate your position and why your side is right in a persuasive way.Practicing your whole debate case out loud is super important too. I did mock debates with my parents where they would play the role of the opposing team. That helped me get comfortable with my arguments and rebuttals. It also helped me work on my public speaking skills like eye contact, hand gestures, vocal variety, and other techniques to keep the audience engaged.One trick I learned is to write rebuttals on little index cards or sticky notes. Then during the actual debate, I could quickly find the right rebuttal I had prepared for whatever point the other team made. It saved me from getting flustered or blanking out under pressure.Speaking of pressure, one of the hardest parts of debating is when the other team is cross-examining you by firing questions rapidly. They might try to confuse you or put you on the spot. My coach taught me to pause and take a breath before answering each cross-ex question. That little pause helped me stay calm and focused instead of getting razzed.You also need to be ready to "flow" during the debate, which means taking detailed notes about everything the opponents say. Careful flowing lets you identify gaps, contradictions or weak points in their arguments that you can exploit in your rebuttals. It's like a mental workout trying to flow, present your case, and devise strategies all at the same time!In the heat of the debate, it's easy to get flustered or lose your train of thought sometimes. If that happens, just stop, take a sip of water, and reset. Don't panic or freeze up. The judges will understand if you need to pause for a moment to collect yourself.When it's time for the closing statements, that's your final chance to drive your key points home. Reviewthe major arguments you won and the flaws in the opponents' case. Then crescendo with your most persuasive reasoning for why you decisively proved your side of the resolution. Close with passion and confidence!Whether you win or lose, the most important thing is to be a good sport and shake hands with the other team afterward. In debate, as in life, you have to be able to graciously accept setbacks and learn from them. Every debate is a chance to improve your skills for next time.Well, those are my top tips for rocking the English debate scene! The more you practice, the better and more confident you'll become. If you prepare diligently, stay poised under pressure, and debate with enthusiasm, I'm sure you'll be a champion too. The winner's circle awaits - go get 'em!篇3The "Global Talents Cup" English Debate: A Kid's Guide to WinningHey there, fellow kids! I'm sure you're all pumped up for the "Global Talents Cup" English Debate hosted by ForeignLanguage Teaching and Research Press (FLTRP). It's the ultimate battle of wits and words, where you get to show off your English skills and prove you're a true debating champ!Now, I know what you're thinking – debating sounds scary, right? All those big words and complicated arguments? Fear not, my friends! I've got some totally awesome tips that'll turn you into an unstoppable debating machine. Just follow my lead, and that shiny trophy will be yours in no time!Tip #1: Be a Sponge for KnowledgeThe first step to being a debate master is to soak up as much information as you can about the topic. Read books, watch videos, and ask your super-smart teachers lots of questions. The more you know, the better you can argue your case and shut down your opponents with facts and evidence.Tip #2: Practice Makes PerfectOnce you've crammed your brain with knowledge, it's time to start practicing your debating skills. Grab a friend or family member and have a friendly debate about anything – from whether pizza is better than burgers to which superhero is the coolest. The more you practice, the more comfortable you'll feel speaking in front of others and thinking on your feet.Tip #3: Learn to ListenDebating isn't just about talking – it's also about listening carefully to what your opponents say. Pay close attention to their arguments and look for any weaknesses or flaws. That way, you can poke holes in their case and make your own arguments even stronger.Tip #4: Use Your Body LanguageWhen you're up on that debate stage, your body language can be just as important as the words coming out of your mouth. Stand tall, make eye contact, and use confident gestures to show that you mean business. A strong presence can go a long way in convincing the judges that you're the one to beat.Tip #5: Stay Calm and ConfidentDebating can be intense, and sometimes your opponents might try to ruffle your feathers or throw you off your game. But remember, you're a cool cucumber! Take a deep breath, keep your composure, and don't let anything shake your confidence. If you believe in your arguments and present them with clarity and poise, you'll be unstoppable.Tip #6: Have Fun!At the end of the day, debating is all about having a good time and showing off your skills. Don't get too wrapped up in winning or losing – just enjoy the experience of putting your English knowledge to the test and going head-to-head with other brilliant kids. The more fun you have, the better you'll perform!So, there you have it, my friends – the ultimate kid's guide to dominating the "Global Talents Cup" English Debate. Now, go out there and show the world what you're made of! Remember, you've got this – you're a debating superstar in the making. Good luck, and may the best kid win!篇4Hey there, fellow debaters! Are you ready to conquer the New Oriental · Guocai Cup English Debate Competition? If you're feeling a bit nervous, don't worry – I've got some awesome tips to help you slay this debate like a pro!First things first, let's talk about preparation. You can't just wing it when it comes to debating – you've got to do your homework! That means researching your topic inside and out. Read up on the facts, gather evidence, and make sure youunderstand both sides of the argument. The more you know, the better you'll be able to argue your case.Next up, teamwork! Debating is a team sport, and you've got to work together with your partner (or partners, if it's a group debate). Discuss your strategies, divide up the arguments, and make sure you're not stepping on each other's toes. Communication is key, so don't be afraid to speak up if you have a brilliant idea or if you think your teammate is missing something important.Now, let's talk about the actual debate itself. When you're up there on the stage, it's important to stay calm and focused. Take a deep breath, stand up straight, and speak clearly and confidently. Remember, the judges are looking for poise and professionalism, so try to avoid fidgeting or using too many "ums" and "uhs."One of the most important things in a debate is listening. You've got to pay close attention to what your opponents are saying, so you can respond to their arguments effectively. Don't just wait for your turn to talk – actually listen to what they're saying, and be ready to counter their points with solid evidence and logic.Speaking of countering arguments, that's a crucial part of debating. When your opponents make a point, you've got to be ready to poke holes in their logic or provide evidence that contradicts their claims. But be careful – you don't want to come across as rude or disrespectful. Stay polite and professional, and focus on the facts, not personal attacks.One thing that can really make or break a debate is your delivery. Even if you have great arguments, if you're mumbling or speaking too softly, the judges (and your opponents) might not be able to understand you. Speak loudly and clearly, and use gestures and body language to emphasize your points. But don't go overboard – you don't want to come across as overly dramatic or theatrical.Finally, don't forget to have fun! Debating can be a bit nerve-wracking, but it's also an amazing opportunity to showcase your skills and learn new things. Embrace the challenge, and enjoy the thrill of intellectual competition.Okay, so those are my top tips for rocking the New Oriental · Guocai Cup English Debate Competition. Remember, preparation, teamwork, poise, listening skills, countering arguments, clear delivery, and a positive attitude are all key to success.Now, go out there and show 'em what you've got! Whether you're arguing for or against, just remember to stay confident, stay focused, and most importantly, have fun. Good luck, debaters – I'll be cheering for you!篇5Waiyanjia National Talent Cup English Debate Competition GuideHi everyone! My name is Xiaohua and I'm a 5th grade student. I recently participated in the Waiyanjia National Talent Cup English Debate Competition and I'm super excited to share my experience and tips with you!First of all, what is the Waiyanjia National Talent Cup English Debate Competition? It's a really cool debate contest for elementary and middle school students all across China. Teams of three students debate against each other in English on different topics. The best teams get to move on to the regional and then national rounds. How awesome is that?When I first heard about the competition from my English teacher, I was really nervous. Speaking English in front of so many people? That sounded terrifying! But my best friends Lily and David convinced me that we should form a team and give ita try. I'm so glad they did because it ended up being one of the most fun and rewarding experiences ever.Preparing for the DebateThe first step was choosing a topic to debate about. The competition gives you a few options and your team needs to pick one side to argue for or against. We chose to argue against the topic "Elementary school students should not have more than 1 hour of homework per night." Lily, David and I all have a ton of homework, so we knew we could speak passionately about that subject.Next up was doing research to find strong arguments and evidence to support our side. We spent weeks in the library looking through books and articles about homework policies in different countries. We made sure to find lots of expert opinions and statistics to back up our points. Gathering all that information was hard work, but it was really satisfying putting all the pieces together.Once we had our research ready, it was time to start practicing our debate speeches and rebuttals. Rebuttals are when you respond to and poke holes in the other team's arguments. We split up the different points and had each personprepare a speech section. I was in charge of the opening arguments.Practicing those speeches out loud was brutally hard at first.I fumbled over words, forgot my points, and spoke way too fast because I was nervous. But Mr. Wang, the English debate club teacher, gave us lots of useful feedback and tips. Like taking deep breaths, maintaining eye contact, speaking slowly and clearly, and being expressive with gestures and vocal variety.The more we drilled those speeches, the more confident and polished we became. We also watched video examples of good and bad debating techniques. Seeing other students' strengths and mistakes was super helpful for our own preparation.By the time the day of the first round arrived, we felt ready to face our opponents with our well-researched arguments and smooth delivery. Were we still a little scared? You bet! But we had each other's backs and a common determination to do our absolute best.The Debate DaysThe elementary school regional debate competition took place over two Saturdays. On the first day, we had twoback-to-back debates in the morning against two differentteams. I don't think my heart has ever beaten so fast! But as soon as I started giving my opening arguments, a weird calmness came over me. All the practicing paid off and the words flowed out smoothly.Lily and David did an amazing job too. Lily poked so many logical holes in the other team's reasoning during the rebuttal. And David's passionate closing arguments had me ready to join his crusade against excessive homework! In the end, we won both of those morning debates and advanced to the afternoon semifinal round.The competition was incredible to watch too. The other teams had such different debating styles and tones. Some were dramatic, aggressive, and in your face. Others were more relaxed and philosophical. A few impressive students sprinkled in humor and charming anecdotes to make their points memorable.Between rounds, our amazing teacher Mr. Wang would give us feedback and advice for adjustments. He reminded us to speak louder, gesture more confidently, and drive key arguments home with greater repetition. Those little tweaks made our semifinal debate performance even stronger than the morning.Sadly, we ended up losing a hard-fought semifinal debate to an outstanding team from Nanjing. While we were disappointed,the judges' comments praised our teamwork, smooth transitions between speakers, and strong grasp of the evidence. Just making it to the semifinals at our first debate competition felt like a huge victory.But you know what? The best part wasn't the awards or rankings. It was the journey itself and everything my teammates and I gained through the experience...What I LearnedFirst off, my English skills improved drastically from all the research, writing, and public speaking practice. I became much more comfortable comprehending, discussing, and debating complex issues in English. My vocabulary expanded, my pronunciation sharpened, and my overall confidence soared. Thanks Waiyanjia competition!Equally important were the life skills I developed through debate. Researching credible sources and analyzing evidence from multiple perspectives taught me how to think critically. Crafting persuasive arguments and defining clear points forced me to practice structured logic. And of course, respecting opponents while firmly denouncing their arguments was an exercise in constructive disagreement.Teamwork and leadership also grew tremendously. Dividing responsibilities, compromising on strategies, and supporting each other's strengths and weaknesses doesn't just happen automatically. It takes constant communication, compromise, and checking your ego at the door for the good of the team.Honestly, debate was one of themost intense extracurricular activities I've ever done. The pressure of competition with stakes on the line was an awesome adrenaline rush. But it also taught me how to manage nerves, overcome fear, and stay poised under that bright spotlight. Increasingly, I realized that when I stumbled or freezed up, it wasn't the end of the world. I could reset, recover my flow, and keep charging ahead.In the end, win or lose, what mattered most was the incredible sense of accomplishment from challenging myself far beyond what I thought possible. I surprised myself over and over with how much I was capable of when I stopped doubting and started doing. That self-confidence booster will stick with me forever.The Waiyanjia National Talent Cup English Debate Competition was one of the most enriching and empowering experiences of my life so far. While exhausting, it fed my competitive drive, expanded my skills, and pushed me to newlevels of discipline and teamwork. I can't wait to sharpen those talents further and take on the middle school division next year!To any elementary or middle school student out there considering giving debate a try, I can't recommend it enough. Sure, it's intimidating, but that's exactly why you should do it! Life begins outside your comfort zone. Debate will open up amazing opportunities for personal growth, lasting friendships, and priceless communication abilities.So what are you waiting for? Talk to your English teacher about starting a debate club at your school if you don't already have one. Then study hard, practice like crazy, and get ready to out-argue the competition! Let's go future debaters!!篇6The Ultimate Guide to Rocking the National Talent Cup English DebateHi there, fellow debaters! Are you feeling pumped and ready to show off your English skills at the big National Talent Cup debate? Or are you a little nervous about facing off against so many smart kids from across the country? Don't worry, I've got your back with all the tips and tricks you need to shine on that debate stage!First things first, let's talk about why debating in English is so awesome. Not only do you get to practice your speaking and listening abilities, but you also learn how to think critically, build persuasive arguments, and respect different viewpoints. Those are seriously cool skills that will help you out in school and life! Plus, you might just make some new friends who share your love of language and friendly competition.Now that we've covered why debate is the best, it's time to dive into my full-proof strategy for bringing home that shiny trophy. Get ready to take some notes!Preparation is KeyYou can't just wing it when it comes to debate. Putting in the hard work ahead of time is crucial for success. Here are my top prep tips:Research, research, research! Read up on the debate topics from all angles so you truly understand the different perspectives. Gather facts, stats, expert opinions - anything to bolster your arguments.Practice giving speeches out loud, either alone or with a buddy. Time yourself and get comfortable expressing your thoughts clearly and confidently.Anticipate counterarguments. What might the other team say to poke holes in your reasoning? Have solid rebuttals ready to go.If you'll be working with a partner, coordinate your arguments and practice your teamwork. You'll need to back each other up seamlessly.Get enough sleep and eat a good breakfast on debate day! You'll need all your brainpower firing on all cylinders.During the DebateOkay, the big moment has arrived and it's showtime! As you step up to the podium, keep these pointers in mind:Speak slowly and clearly. It's okay to pause for a few seconds to gather your thoughts between points. Taking your time is better than jumbling your words.Make eye contact with the judges and opposing team. This shows confidence and keeps your audience engaged.Use confident body language. Stand up straight, avoid fidgeting, and don't forget to breathe!Listen actively when it's not your turn to speak. Take notes on the other team's arguments so you can offer strong rebuttals.If you get flustered or stuck, have a sip of water and regroup.A short silence is better than rambling nonsense.Most importantly, speak from the heart. Your passion and authentic voice will make a bigger impact than just spitting out rehearsed lines.Staying Cool Under PressureLet's be real - debates can get heated sometimes! The other team might say something that riles you up or pokes holes in your well-prepared arguments. When that happens, you'll need to keep your cool. Here's how:Take a deep breath before responding. Never lash out or say something you'll regret in the heat of the moment. Stay calm and collect your thoughts.Have a few go-to phrases ready to politely disagree, like "I respectfully disagree because..." or "Another way to look at this is..."Avoid putting down the other team's arguments or getting personal. Stick to the facts and keep things focused on the debate topics.If you get flustered, it's okay to say something like "Let me think about that for a moment." Pause, collect yourself, then continue.Remember, getting frazzled or angry during a debate is completely normal! The judges know dealing with pressure is part of the challenge. As long as you handle it maturely, a few hiccups won't tank your score.Win or Lose, Have Fun!At the end of the day, the National Talent Cup debate is all about challenging yourself, learning new skills, and maybe making lifelong friends who love language as much as you do. So whether or not you take home that trophy, make sure you're soaking up every awesome moment!If you do end up winning, wahoo! Give yourself a big pat on the back and celebrate your hard work. Just don't gloat too much in front of the other teams, okay? Good sportsmanship is crucial.And if things don't go your way this time, no biggie! Look at it as motivation to study up, practice more, and come back even stronger next year. Every debate is a chance to grow.Most importantly, always remember why you decided to join the debate club in the first place - because you sincerely love using English to express your brilliant ideas and unique perspective. Never lose sight of that!Well, there you have it - all my tips and tricks for totally rocking the National Talent Cup debate. I know you've got this! Just breathe, believe in yourself, and get ready to wow those judges.I'll be cheering you on every step of the way. Now go get 'em, debate superstars!。

2019年“外研社杯”竞赛题详解2019年“外研社杯”中小学生英语能力测评高中E组卷一． 单项选择1. 本题考察冠词用法。

the Chinese government意思是中国政府。

I wish to extendwarm congratulations to……本句表示祝贺，可作为固定句式进行背诵。

a hearty welcome意思是热烈欢迎。

2. 本题考察时态。

现在完成时是英语常用时态。

句意：因为多年未弹钢琴，因此现在无法为你弹奏。

3. 本题考察副词。

单个副词置于句首，可用于修饰全句，如suprisingly、fortunately等。

此题traditionally意思是传统地。

4. 本题考察非限制性定语从句。

5. 本题考察对比较级的否定表示最高级意义。

短语be content with意思是“对。

满意”。

Not a little的意思是very much。

I t couldn’t be any better.回答句，意思是不可能更好了，即非常好之意。

6. 本题将时态与语态结合进行考察。

时态与语态往往放在一起考察。

7. 本题考察情态动词。

Shall与时态结合，可以表示规则、规定的强制性要求。

本题意思是“根据校规，学生不得携带手机进入校园”。

8. 本题考察状语从句。

连接词even though引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管”。

As if意思是“好像”，for fear that意思是“以免；生怕，唯恐”。

Now that意思是“既然”。

9. 本题考察短语。

Give preference over意思是“优先考虑”。

10. 本题考察宾语从句连接词。

what their parents are做know的宾语。

11. 本题考察代词。

根据上下文句意，选择one，意思是“一份报纸”。

在本句中，stand意思是货摊、售货亭。

12. 本题考察短语。

Be reduced to可以根据句意翻译为“沦为……”。

2021“外研社·国才杯”全国英语阅读大赛参赛资格全国具有高等学历教育招生资格的普通高等学校在校本、专科学生、研究生，35周岁以下，中国国籍。

☆曾获得往届“外研社·国才杯”全国英语阅读大赛出国及港澳交流奖项的选手不包括在内。

参赛方式初赛：符合参赛资格的高校学生可直接向本校外语院（系）或大学外语教学部咨询、报名和参加初赛。

省级决赛：初赛结束后，各外语院（系）或大学外语教学部向本省（市、自治区）决赛组委会报送参加省级决赛的选手信息。

每校晋级省级决赛的名额由本省（市、自治区）大学外语教学研究会确定并公布。

全国决赛：省级决赛结束后，各省（市、自治区）决赛组委会将获得全国决赛资格的3名选手的信息报送给大赛组委会秘书处。

赛题构成“外研社·国才杯”全国英语阅读大赛比赛内容包含四个模块：Part I. Read and Know（读以明己）Part II. Read and Reason（读以察世）Part III. Read and Question（读以启思）Part IV. Read and Create（读以言志）【特别提示】赛题的具体形式和内容详见大赛官网“外研社·国才杯”全国英语阅读大赛样题：（1）线上初赛赛题仅为客观题，即Read and Know，Read and Reason，Read and Question 三个模块。

（2）省级决赛和全国决赛包含客观题和主观题，即Read and Know，Read and Reason，Read and Question，Read and Create 四个模块。

（3）客观题采用机器评阅；主观题考查读后论述，采用人工评阅。

大赛程序初赛☆参赛注册：大赛官网于2021年6月1日起开放参赛报名页面。

所有参赛选手必须在大赛官网的“选手报名/参赛”页面进行注册。

选手使用手机号作为注册账号，请务必牢记账号和密码，以免影响登录参赛。

［摘要］随着中国的发展和国际地位的提升，时代也赋予高校青年学子新的使命和担当。

当前高校广泛采用了“以赛促学”的教学模式，该模式通过让学生积极参与各类学科竞赛，有效激发了学生的主动学习兴趣，提升了他们的知识应用水平。

以“外研社·国才杯”全国英语演讲比赛为例，探讨大学生用英语讲好中国故事进程中应用“以赛促学”的重要性，从运用好中国化主题选材与研究、结合好个性化表达与深度思考以及掌握好跨文化交流知识与技能等方面讨论了“以赛促学”视域下大学生用英语讲好中国故事的方式方法。

［关键词］“以赛促学”；大学生；用英语讲好中国故事；演讲比赛［中图分类号］G645［文献标志码］A［文章编号］2096-0603（2024）12-0169-04“以赛促学”视域下大学生用英语讲好中国故事的路径探索———以“外研社·国才杯”全国英语演讲比赛为例黄鹭婷（广西师范大学，广西桂林541000）一、引言在当今高校学子的学习生涯中，“以赛促学”得到广泛应用，学生通过参与各类学科竞赛，激发自主学习兴趣，提高个人知识应用能力，促进个体与集体的协作与沟通技能，培养综合素质，增强就业竞争力。

这一模式的运用为学生提供了更生动、实际的学习场景，培养了其创新能力和解决实际问题的能力，为未来职业发展奠定了坚实基础。

当代大学生学会用英语讲好中国故事既是国家形象传播的重要途径，又涉及文化自信建设、国际交流互动以及个人综合素质提升。

然而，面临文化认知差异、语言表达能力挑战、多元价值观冲突和信息准确性等挑战，培养大学生讲好中国故事的能力不仅有助于国家文化软实力的提升，也是促进关注个体的语言、文化、知识和跨文化交际能力全面发展的重要过程。

自2002年以来，外语教学与研究出版社（FLTRP ）和中央电视台英语频道联合举办了“外研社杯（CCTV 杯）”全国大学生英语演讲比赛，引起各界关注，吸引全国每年数千名大学生参与。

[1]2018年起，大赛冠名“外研社·国才杯”全国英语演讲比赛，赛题以“理解中国，沟通世界”为主题，引导选手深入领会习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的核心要义，理解中国之路、中国之治、中国之理，涵养家国情怀、全球视野，拓展知识广度、思想深度，展现外语能力、跨文化能力、思辨能力、创新能力等综合素养，对大学生学习英语专业知识和了解中华优秀传统文化有着不可小觑的作用。

本届竞赛的总获奖比率仍为参加初赛人数 的51‰。
其中特等奖获奖比率为1‰，一等奖获奖比 率为5‰，二等奖获奖比率为15‰，三等奖 获奖比率为30‰。
暑假期间将举办2019年全国大学生英语竞 赛总决赛暨2019年全国大学生英语夏令营。 本届夏令营营员将从参加2019年全国大学 生英语竞赛获得特等奖的选手中择优产生。
听的时候要注意精听速记，以听为主，以记为辅。比如： 遇到一些冠词，助动词时可先省略不记，又比如遇到一些 较长的词组，可先记下每个单词的头一个字母，或者是较 长的单词只记前三个字母等。
全部听完之后，再利用一点时间进行检查：检查句子句法 的完整性，单词的正确性等
练习听力的常见问题
1）慢热，头题爱错。 2）总想每句都听懂 3）拼命背听力生词 4）边听狂记 5）怎么也跟不上 6）时间一长就走神 7）听得断断续续 8）声音不敏感 9）看不完选项 10） Comprehension (30 points)
Section A Short Conversations Section B Long Conversations
对话部分是 五个短对话，两组长对话。 日常生活中的一般对话，即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习
等话题，可分为校园、公共场所、家庭等方面。 考试的重点一般都是问答的答语上。 通常情况下，出题的顺序和文章的顺序是一致的。 (1)关于短对话听力的应对策略： 场景归纳； 选项分析 (2)两组长对话难度上增加不大，但是话轮的 频繁更替不
太适应。抓紧时间审题、读选项、做笔记。
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (30 points) Section C News Item
听新闻的时候一定要抓住文章的开头和结尾。因为按西方 人的习惯，他们喜欢单刀直入，开门见山，所以往往一篇 文章的开头就是主题句(topic sentence),即便不是，它也 会包含很多的信息。另外，文中出现的时间，数字，地点 信息，原因和转折句也特别容易被考到.

2019 赛题回顾2019 赛题回顾•This year, 2019, the People’s Republic of China is celebrating her 70th birthday. In 30 years’ time she will be 100 years old, a good time to tell a “big story” about her national rejuvenation.•In 2049, when China has reached her second centenary goal of realizing national rejuvenation, when China has built a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious…•And you, the university students of today, will be part of China’s new story and will have written your own stories.1. 2019赛题关键词2. 关于讲故事3. 2049，遐想与构思4. 其它基础知识1 2019 赛题关键词1.1 关键词1.2 关键词背后的规则1.3 难点1.1 关键词My Big Story in 2049: ________My storyStoryMe •Storyland;stories about the land and her people: their desires and agonies, theiraspirations and struggles, and their dreams and realizations.•1949…•At the end of the 20th century…•我的故事•我的舞台•我是主人公•我的喜怒哀乐、爱恨情仇1.1 关键词Big story •Value, meaning, significance•100 years old, … a good time to tell a “big story” about her national rejuvenation •1949… a “big story”•At the end of the 20th century…•70th birthday•Your own big story1.1 关键词2049•Her second centenary goal of realizing national rejuvenation• A modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced andharmonious…•Around 50100th birthday1.1 关键词My Big Story in 2049 a story about me as part of Chinavalueme Chinain 2049•national rejuvenation •modern socialist country小结：2019赛题关键词1.2 关键词背后的规则请遵守规则，请讲故事•最有趣•最有挑战•最不同1.2 关键词背后的规则故事万变，不离其宗•我是主人公•遐想“2049”•中国缩影1.2 关键词背后的规则题材、体裁已给定•我的2049个人、中国与世界•中国的2049•我是中国的一部分•不同于lecture式演讲，通过故事展现主题1.3 难点讲故事讲2049年的中国讲自己50岁的故事个人的故事是中国故事My Big Story in 2049The StoneChina, A Global View小结：2019赛题难点My Big Story in 2049讲故事的能力想象力、创造力理解力、洞察力视野、远见讲故事讲2049年的中国讲我50岁的故事我的故事是中国故事Say “NO” to big talk or empty words!小结：2019赛题难点My Big Story in 2049故事的呈现写说English1. 2019赛题关键词2. 关于讲故事3. 2049，遐想与构思4. 其它基础知识2 关于讲故事2.1 故事的基本要素2.2 讲故事中的常见问题2.3 故事如何出新？2.4 “Big stories”实例2.1 故事的基本要素What makes a story?Setting: time, place, environment Characters : personalitiesPlot:conflict, climax, resolution Theme: moral; central idea; lesson “I”2.1 故事的基本要素Narrative(Storytelling)•Ups and downs; climax •Memorable characters •Always a moral behind•S how, don’t tell Creative writing•Impressive delivery Say “NO” to big talk or empty words Symbolism 以小见大Suspense Tension2.2 讲故事中的常见问题2.2 讲故事中的常见问题1. There is no story, or the story is not complete.•Conflict (Problem)•Climax & Ending•Resolution2.2 讲故事中的常见问题2. There is no climax.•Face-to-face• A turning point•Tension2.2 讲故事中的常见问题3. There is no focused theme.•Meaning•Wisdom or lesson2.2 讲故事中的常见问题4. The same story is repeated.•Unique to you•How you are different•Different perspectives anddifferent shades小结：讲故事中的常见问题1. There is no story, or the story is not complete.2. There is no climax.3. There is no focused theme.4. The same story is repeated.2.3 故事如何出新？Jerome Bruner(1915-2016) The Conditions of Creativity“An act that produces effective surprise is thehallmark of the creative enterprise .”creative act as effective surprise2.3 故事如何出新？CreativityImagination Freshness 内容与形式Insight2.3 故事如何出新？•恍然大悟的合情合理•误为陌路的血亲兄弟•借助艺术的触类旁通What is effective surprise?Creativity Imagination2.3 故事如何出新？(By Sydney Pink)the fusion of inspiration and technique “All of the forms of effective surprise grow out of a combinatorial activity —a placing of things in new perspectives.”2.3 故事如何出新？1. Detachment and commitment表面冰冷，内心狂热2. Passion and decorum激情不逾礼仪3. Freedom to be dominated by the object始于我心，随波逐流2.3 故事如何出新？4. Deferral and immediacy5. The internal drama6. The dilemma of abilities 欲言又止，欲扬先抑塑造心中的理想，丰满、鲜活创造力无关天资2.4 “Big stories”实例•个人的故事，时代的产物•自己的故事，时代的镜子•“我”是社会的一员2.4 “Big stories”实例Maxim Gorky (1868-1936)My ChildhoodIn the WorldMy Universities Two forces are successfully influencing the education of a cultivated man: art and science. Both are united in the book.2.4 “Big stories”实例Man’s dearest possession is life. It is given to him but once, and he must live it so as to feel no torturing regrets for wasted years, never know theburning shame of a mean and petty past; so live that, dying, he might say: all my life, all my strength were given to the finest cause…Nikolai Ostrovsky (1904-1936)How the Steel Was Tempered2.4 “Big stories”实例Long Walk to FreedomThe curious beauty of African music is that ituplifts even as it tells a sad tale. You may bepoor, you may have only a ramshackle house,you may have lost your job, but that song givesyou hope… [African music] can ignite thepolitical resolve of those who might otherwisebe indifferent to politics.Nelson Mandela(1918-2013)2.4 “Big stories”实例J. K. Rowling (1965-)2008 Harvard commencement speech A story aboutfailure and imagination2.4 “Big stories”实例Steve Jobs (1955-2011)Stanford commencement speech “Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish”A story of connecting dots2.4 “Big stories”实例He Jiang (1988-), a 2016 Harvard PhD graduatein biochemistry and commencement speaker.“随着中国一步步实现现代化，传统的乡居生活正在逐渐消失，都市人对乡村有着好奇感，疏离感，同时又有一份不可磨灭的乡愁。

2019“外研社·国才杯”全国大学生英语演讲比赛
铜陵学院校选赛比赛结果
专业组:
特等奖:17英语一班杨娇娇
一等奖:17英语二班付达18商英一班郑雯
二等奖:17英语二班范梦宇18商英一班张圣蓝18商英一班杨帆
三等奖:16商英二班鲍蕾17英语一班严冬19商英二班王怡婷
非专业组:
特等奖: 18会计2+2 曹译文
一等奖：18工程管理史梦辰
17卓会吴梦涵
二等奖：17电气张明菲
17金融朱绎文
18环境设计王冰冰
三等奖：18电气王旭辉
18机器人严硕
17法学邓文龙
18金融魏文俊
18质管杨金玉
18商务经济叶瑜晨。

英语参考答案第一部分听力1～5：BCBAA 6～10:CCABC11～15:ACBAB 16～20:ABBCA第二部分阅读第一节A【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。

文章介绍了《时代》杂志选出的25个最佳发明中最有趣的三项．21．A【解析】细节理解题。

根据Tasty One Top部分it'll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients可知,Tasty One Top通过教人们如何烹饪来帮助人们。

22．C【解析】细节理解题。

根据Jibo部分Said to be “the world's first social robot for the home”以及It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family．可知，Jibo可能是家庭助手．23．B【解析】推理判断题。

根据文章开头的信息并结合文章中介绍的三项发明可推知，这篇文章旨在介绍一些新发明。

B【语篇导读】这是一篇新闻报道。

文章介绍了被评为“2022年最美教师”之一的天津职业大学教师李建国，他为培养学生职业技能和国家技术专家做出了贡献。

24．B【解析】推理判断题．根据第二段Li has stood out by taking the lead in the training of students in vocational skills, gaining a number of honors including being named as a national role model teacher. He has mentored. seven national-level technique experts and a team of 14 technique masters.可推知，作者在第二段提到郭金鹏是为了展示李建国的成就。

外研社国才杯英语作文大赛全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Foreign Languages Teaching and Research Press (FLTRP) is pleased to announce the launch of the FLTRP Cup English Writing Contest. This prestigious competition, also known as the "National Talent Cup," aims to promote English language learning and writing skills among students across China.The FLTRP Cup English Writing Contest welcomes students from all levels, from primary school to university, to participate and showcase their English writing abilities. The competition consists of four categories: primary school, middle school, high school, and university. Participants can choose a topic from a list provided by the organizers or write on a subject of their choice.The contest is divided into several rounds, including school-level, regional-level, and national-level competitions. Participants will be judged based on their creativity, originality, language proficiency, and overall writing ability. Winners of the FLTRP Cup English Writing Contest will receive cash prizes,certificates of achievement, and the opportunity to have their work published in FLTRP publications.The FLTRP Cup English Writing Contest aims to inspire students to excel in English writing, foster a love for the language, and provide a platform for young writers to showcase their talent. This competition is a great opportunity for students to hone their language skills, gain confidence in their writing abilities, and connect with like-minded individuals from across the country.We encourage all students with a passion for writing and a love for the English language to participate in the FLTRP Cup English Writing Contest and showcase their talent on a national stage. Join us in celebrating the power of words and the beauty of English language through this exciting competition.篇2The Waiyan Society Guocai Cup English Composition CompetitionThe Waiyan Society Guocai Cup English Composition Competition is an annual event aimed at encouraging students to improve their English writing skills and showcase their talents. The competition is open to students from all over the country, with different age groups competing in various categories.The competition has been running for over a decade and has gained a reputation for being one of the most prestigious English writing competitions in the country. Participants are required to write on a given topic within a specified time limit, and are judged on the content, creativity, and language proficiency of their essays.Participants are divided into different age groups, ranging from primary school students to university students. Each group has its own set of topics, ensuring that participants are challenged at their respective levels.The competition has attracted thousands of participants each year, with many schools incorporating it into their English curriculum. Besides honing their writing skills, participants also have the opportunity to interact with fellow competitors and learn from each other.Winners of the competition receive certificates, trophies, and other exciting prizes, with the overall winner being awarded the prestigious Guocai Cup. The competition not only rewards talent but also encourages students to strive for excellence in their English studies.The Waiyan Society Guocai Cup English Composition Competition is a platform for students to showcase theircreativity and language proficiency, and has become a benchmark for English writing competitions in the country. It continues to inspire and motivate students to excel in their English studies, nurturing the next generation of talented writers.篇3The Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press (FLTRP) National Talent Cup English Writing Contest, also known as the FLTRP National English Writing Contest, is an annual English writing competition organized by FLTRP. It aims to provide a platform for English learners to showcase their writing skills, creativity, and critical thinking abilities.The contest is open to students from all over China, ranging from primary school students to university students. Participants are divided into different age groups and compete in various writing categories, such as narrative writing, argumentative writing, and descriptive writing.The FLTRP National Talent Cup English Writing Contest not only encourages students to improve their English writing skills but also helps them develop their confidence, perseverance, and critical thinking skills. By participating in the contest, students have the opportunity to receive feedback from experiencedEnglish teachers and writers, as well as the chance to win prestigious awards and prizes.Over the years, the contest has gained popularity among English learners in China, with thousands of students participating each year. The contest has also become a platform for promoting cultural exchange and fostering a love for writing in English.In conclusion, the FLTRP National Talent Cup English Writing Contest plays a significant role in promoting English learning and writing skills among students in China. It provides a valuable opportunity for students to showcase their talents and creativity, as well as improve their English language proficiency.。

clove cigarettes.However，the weirdest may be this: artists’ only jobs are to explore emotions，and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel lousy. This wasn’t always so.The earliest forms of art ，like painting and music，are those best suited for expressing joy.But somewhere in the 19th century，more artists began seeing happiness as phony or，worst of all，boring.In the 20th century，classical music became more atonal，visual art more unsettling.Sure，there have been exceptions，but it would not be a stretch to say that for the past century or so，serious art has been at war with happiness.In 1824，Beethoven completed his “Ode to Joy”.In 1962，novelist Anthony Burgess used it in A Clockwork Orange as the favorite music of his ultra-violent antihero.31.The example that “Ode to Joy” was used in Burgess’s novel is meant to illustrate that.［A］musicians and novelists share similar artistic taste［B］violent people have a strong desire to be happy［C］serious art is often contradictory with happiness［D］music is enjoyed by good and bad people alike例 4.What we forget-what our economy depends on us forgetting-is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain.The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment.Today，surrounded by promises of easy happiness，we need someone to tell us that it is OK not to be happy，that sadness makes happiness deeper.As the wine connoisseur movie Sideways tells us，it is the kiss of decay and Noir.We need art to tell us，as religion once did，that you will die，that everything ends，and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it.It’s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette，yet，somehow，is a breath of fresh air.32.According to the last paragraph，the author mentions the movie sideways to show that［A］Happiness can be found through pains and efforts.［B］Happiness comes when everything dies.［C］Happiness makes sadness deeper.［D］Happiness is not a good thing.例5. Teaching was never a way to get rich，but it was long considered a solid and respectable middle-class occupation. Over the past few decades，though，policymakers have chipped away at the economic and moral status of educators. The Reagan administration laid the groundwork with its seminal 1983 report “A Nation at Risk”. Among its recommendations are “more rigorous and measurable standards”for students and an “effective evaluation system”for teachers.1.The “A Nation at Risk” report is mentioned to show that .［A］policies have become harsh on teachers［B］its long-lasting effect on the educational system［C］teaching used to be a widely respected career例 6.Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest may be this: artists’only job is to explore emotions，and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.［D］teaching needs pragmatic assessing mechanism例 6.Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest may be this: artists’only job is to explore emotions，and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn’t always so.The earliest forms of art，like painting and music，are those best suited for expressing joy.But somewhere from the 19th century onward ，more artists began seeing happiness as meaningless，phony or，worst of all，boring，as we went from Wordsworth’s daffodils to Baudelaire’s flowers of evil.34.By citing the examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire ，the author intends to show that .［A］poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or music［B］art grows out of both positive and negative feelings［C］poets today are less skeptical of happiness［D］artists have changed their focus of interest例7.Of all the components of a good night’s sleep ，dreams seem to be least within our control.In dreams，a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak.A century ago，Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears；bythe late 1970s，neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep.Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat，regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.”And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control，to help us sleep and feel better ，“It’s your dream ，”says Rosalind Cartwright ，chair of psychology at Chicago’s MedicalCenter.“If yo u don’t like it，change it.”Evidence from brain imaging supports this view.The brain is as active during REM（rapid eye movement）sleep—when most vivid dreams occur—as it is when fully awake，says Dr，Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.But not all parts of the brain are equally involved；the limbic system（the“emotional brain”）is especially active，while the prefrontal cortex （the center of intellect and reasoning）is relatively quiet.“We wake up from dreams happy or depressed，and those feelings can stay with us all day.”says Stanford sleep researcher Dr.William Dement.35.By referring to the limbic system，the author intends to show .［A］its function in our dreams［B］the mechanism of REM sleep［C］the relation of dreams to emotion［D］its difference from the prefrontal cortex例8.Science ，in practice ，depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments.Sir Isaac Newton supposedly discovered gravity through the fall of an apple.Apples had been falling in many places for centuries and thousands of people had seen them fall.But Newton for years had been curious about the cause of the orbital motion of the moon and planets.What kept them in place? Why didn’t they fall out of the sky? The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered thequestion he had been asking himself about those larger fruits of the heavens，the moon and the planets.36.The author wants to prove with the example of Isaac Newton that .［A］inquiring minds are more important than scientific experiments［B］science advances when fruitful researches are conducted［C］scientists seldom forget the essential nature of research［D］unpredictability weighs less than prediction in scientific research例9.Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are fans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and GarthBrooks，yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”37.Why are A rnold Schwarzenegger and GarthBrooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?［A］To prove their popularity around the world.［B］To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.［C］To give examples of successful immigrants.［D］To show the powerful influence of American culture.例10.Some advertisers think there is an advantage in acknowledging consumers’ scepticism. An ad for FirstBank，of Colorado，showed a new leather sofa and television in the middle of a square，with a large sign saying:“Free”.People strolled by，ignoring the bounty.A voice-over asks: “What if ‘free’ really just meant ‘free’? ”A second method is to drown the scepticism with humour: a depressing number of brands nowadays rely on chirpy talking animals.A third is todisarm it with honesty.In 2009 Dominos launched a campaign featuring consumers talking about how awful its pizzas had been for the past 50 years.Then there is do-goodery: innumerable brands argue that the best way to save the planet or help the poor is to buy their products.38.What does the ad for FirstBank illustrate?［A］People usually tend to neglect the bounty of free.［B］Skepticism can be drown with humor method.［C］Honesty plays an important role to disarm skepticism.［D］Advertisers would benefit from the admitting consumers' disbelief.例11.If that happens，passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products，putting the reputation of the target company at risk.In such hijacked media case，the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful，and the learning curve has been steep.Toyota Motor，for example，alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign，which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.39.Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of［A］responding effectively to hijacked media.［B］persuading customers into boycotting products.［C］cooperating with supportive consumers.［D］taking advantage of hijacked media.例12.All sorts of firms are changing theirinputs and processes and designing products that spare the environment，whilehelping suppliers do the same.IKEA，a Swedish retailer，will have invested orcommitted to invest €1.5 billion （$1.7 billion）in wind and solar power by theend of 2015，and the firm and its charitable foundation have just pledged afurther €1 billion to developing renewable energy and to helping people inplaces affected by climate change.Firms say that besides savings from greaterenergy efficiency they gain less quantifiable benefits from an enhancedreputation，a motivated workforce and the like.But big，disruptive investmentsin new energy sources or industrial techniques may take years to justify theircosts ，if they ever do.Is greenery paying off?The IKEA Company is mentioned to show that［A］it is crucial to invest in disruptiveand motivated workforce.［B］the company can earn much from theenhanced reputation.［C］the firms have made their producingmethod more sustainable.［D］it is hard to tell the greenery ispaying off or not in years to come.例13.But more deaths now happen in intensive-care units under closer legal and professional oversight，making doctors more cautious about testing the limits of what is allowed.And modern medicine means that dying is much more often prolonged.The case of Karen Ann Quinlan in 1976 thrust the issues into the spotlight.The parents of the young woman，who fell into a coma after drinking and taking Valium at a party，had to go to court to force her doctors to take her off a ventilator.The case of kaern Ann Quinlan is mentioned to show that［A］doctors have long quietly eased terminal agonies by increasing pain relief.［B］the parents have the rights to demand ceasing of the dramatic treatment.［C］the case has thrust the issue into the focus for its publicity.［D］the dying period is unnecessaily prolonged by the modern therapy.例14.A third reason is choice: the more the market has to offer，the more important it is to build a relationship with customers. Netflix and Amazon now create their own television shows in order to keep their viewers from buying more generic content elsewhere. Harry’s ，an American company that sends its subscribers a regular supply of razors and shaving cream，spent $100m to buy a German razor-blade factory.Why the Netflix is mentioned in the text?［A］To show the similarity between Netflix and the Amazon［B］To show one reason of the trend reversal in the market［C］To demonstrate the importance of the relationship with market［D］To illustrate the difference between America and Germany六、主题题（一）主题题的识别：题干中出现：subject，summarize，main idea，Mainly about，best title，primarily about，main topic 等表达方式的时候可以判定为主题题。

篇一：外研社杯英语演讲比赛演讲稿let’s check out how serious the environmental situation is in the world. recent years have seen an increasing number of reports on the extinction of species, soil erosion as well as air pollution. the history of industrialization and urbanization has been a history of declining environmental quality. we may be satisfied with our so called modern life, but please do not turn a blind eye to what’s happened around us. water is polluted. animals are killed. resources are devoured. and farmlands turn into desserts.ladies and gentlemen, the earth is in our hands. save it, or destroy it, it’s our choice. our efforts will be powerful enough to save the world. if everyone, including you and me, is engaged in this world-saving project, environment will never ever be my top concern.篇二：外研社杯演讲比赛演讲稿what we can not afford to losegood morning ladies and gentlemen,i am shibing.today i will talk about what we can not afford to lose.to begin with,i want to mention that we will get a lot in our whole life.meanwhile,we will lose a lot of things in our life.but the most important thing is that we can not afford to lose honesty.honesty is a basic standard of being a human.beside, honesty is a traditional moral of china.since ancient times,we all takehonesty as a standard of judge a person’s quality.we can not afford to lose honesty because losing honesty means to be fail.in business,losing honesty means losing money or customers,then you will fail in your business.take a simple example,a seller whoalways gives short weight to the customers ,he will earn less money or even lose the customers in the long term,because customers are more likely to buy things from the seller who is honest,and we won’t buy things from the seller if we know he is dishonest. in career,losing honesty means losing a job or the opportunity to apply for a job.when i was watching the tv program zhi lai zhi wang ,there is a beautiful lady who fail to apply the job because of her fake academic credential.on the contrary,a man who succeed in applying the job because he is honest.in our daily life,losing honesty means losing friends or otherpeople’s trust to us. if a person is dishonest,no one would like to get along with him,and on one want to be a friend with him.inaddiction,being honest can ger respect from others,the opposite to dishonest.all in all,honesty is very important for being a human,we can nor afford to lose it. so much for my speaking, thanks for your listening!2012.11.3篇三：change the unchangeable外研社杯演讲比赛演讲稿外研社杯演讲比赛2014年---- change the unchangeable（一）change the unchangeablegood morning, everyone. it’s my pleasure to deliver this speech here. the subject of my presentation is “change the unchangeable”, which means try your best to make a change when stuck in an unchangeable situation.no wonder that there exists something unchangeable in our life, getting into the wayof striving for what we want. there are plenty of unchangeable obstacles for us. they are serious and they are many. they will hardly be meet. but know this, my friends, they will be meet. once you believe in yourself, the unchangeable is going to be changed.nothing is impossible, and in a sense, nothing is unchangeable! the thing absolutely unchangeable does not exist. sometimes, adversities seems really unchangeable for the moment, but we must realize that they can be changed in some way. moses was a stutterer, yet he was called on to be the voice of god. as we can also see in the film “the king’s speech”, stammer is unchangeable for the king, the duke of york. but once his realized that he need to make a change and inspired by the words “to be or not to be, it is a question”, he returned to the hospital, and accepted the retreatment again. with the help of the doctor lionel logue, he gradually made progress and managed to get over his unchangeable physicaldisability.these were the people who managed to change the unchangeable. some of them make a change in a direct way, and others do not change the adversity unchangeable exactly, but they succeed in changing what they could do in the unchangeable situation. they changed the authoritative view the majority put on them. and this is the right way in which we can change the unchangeable.to conclude, i appeal to all of you for doubting the unchangeable and trying to change the unchangeable.（二）change the unchangeableyou think that you are a victim. in fact, you’re not a victim. so stop blaming other people or your circumstances for your problems, just because you don’t like where you are now doesn’t mean that you can’t take personal responsibility to change it for the better. so get rid of that mentality because it doesn’t help anything. actually, it acts as an obstacle to success. realize that you, and only you, are responsible for your destiny.in a word, you just make great effort; keep the right attitude, and believe that everything is possible if you try to do it. change the unchangeable; your life will be better.（三）change the unchangeablewhen i was about 10 years old in primary school, i believed that my future would have nothing to do with two things: music and english. now, i play my guitar nearly every day and in the near future i will be hosting an english salon.impassioned speechlandmarkon friday, first lady michelle obama gave an impassioned speech on diversity to high school graduates in topeka, kansas, where the landmarkbrown v. board of education case started.周五，在堪萨斯州托皮卡市，美国第一夫人米歇尔·奥巴马就高中毕业生多样化发展作了激情的演讲。

2019赛题初解My Big Story in 2049: ________个人的小故事如何讲成国家的大故事？一个“矛盾”幻想性故事必须建构在想象的基础上&“时光机”个体故事与国家故事的“矛盾”幻想性与“时光机”属性融入自我，扎根现实1. 个体故事与国家故事的“矛盾”My Big Story in 2049: ________•字面印象：宏大、有格局、有修辞•深层含义：故事的意义（significance/value）家庭小事亲情价值“It seems like a small story, right? A story about my own family in the time of 2049, but it is also a big story, in that it is the epitome of so many Chinese families…”•在小故事中见普世价值、见人性、见中国特质•结合时代、国家发展的大背景“我”的2049：高铁工程师•在小故事中见普世价值、见人性、见中国特质•结合时代、国家发展的大背景紧扣时代脉搏窥探国家的发展变化•高铁达到什么样的科技水平？•“我”在高铁上的工作是什么？•高铁有什么不一样的地方？•高铁途经哪些地方？•“我”有什么样的经历？•“我”看到了什么样的风景？这些风景与30年前有何不同？•……2049，“我”的知天命之年•“我”是什么样一个人？•我做着什么样的工作？•家庭是什么样的？•心态如何？•梦想实现了吗？•科技与人类：发展进步与种种问题•“消失的”翻译：如何坚守这份职业2.1 幻想“我”的职业最后一个翻译的f arewell speech？呼吁更多人进入翻译行业的persuasive speech？伦理的捍卫者？科技进程的推动者？幻想“我”的性格2.2•回望过去：“我”是否活成了自己喜欢的样子？2.2 幻想“我”的性格•当幻想中的50岁与真实的50岁存在冲突，“我”如何接受？学会接受，就是讲述属于个体的big story，就是学会接纳平凡，平息自己无尽的野心。

外研社英语演讲2019The 2019 English Speech Competition organized by the Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press (FLTRP) was a remarkable event that showcased the exceptional language skills and oratory abilities of students from across China. This annual competition, which has become a highly anticipated platform for young English learners, provides a unique opportunity for participants to demonstrate their mastery of the English language and to share their perspectives on a wide range of thought-provoking topics.The theme of the 2019 competition, "A Better World Starts with You," encouraged contestants to explore the ways in which they, as individuals, can contribute to the betterment of our global community. This theme resonated deeply with the participants, who brought a diverse range of personal experiences, cultural backgrounds, and innovative ideas to the stage.One of the standout performances came from a student named Emma, who delivered a captivating speech that delved into the importance of environmental protection. Drawing on her ownexperiences of witnessing the devastating effects of pollution in her hometown, Emma passionately advocated for the adoption of sustainable practices and the collective responsibility we all share in safeguarding the planet. Her eloquence, coupled with her genuine concern for the well-being of our Earth, left a lasting impression on the judges and the audience alike.Another remarkable speech came from a young man named Liam, who spoke about the power of education in transforming lives. Liam shared his personal journey, recounting how access to quality education had empowered him to overcome the challenges of growing up in a financially disadvantaged family. He emphasized the transformative potential of education, not only in terms of individual growth but also in its ability to foster social mobility and create a more equitable society. Liam's heartfelt and inspirational words resonated deeply with the audience, leaving them with a renewed appreciation for the transformative power of education.The competition also featured a thought-provoking speech from a student named Olivia, who explored the topic of cultural exchange and its role in promoting mutual understanding. Olivia drew upon her own experiences of studying abroad, highlighting the invaluable lessons she had learned about the diversity of cultures and the importance of embracing different perspectives. She eloquently argued that by fostering cross-cultural dialogues and embracing ourshared humanity, we can build a more inclusive and harmonious world.One of the most memorable speeches came from a student named Ethan, who addressed the issue of mental health awareness. With empathy and eloquence, Ethan shared his personal struggles with anxiety and depression, and the importance of destigmatizing mental health challenges. He called upon his fellow students to be more compassionate, to offer support to those in need, and to advocate for greater access to mental health resources. Ethan's powerful and vulnerable speech left a lasting impact on the audience, inspiring them to be more mindful of the mental health needs of their peers.The competition also featured a speech from a student named Sophia, who explored the role of technology in shaping our future. Sophia delved into the ways in which advancements in artificial intelligence, robotics, and digital communication have the potential to revolutionize our lives, from improving healthcare to enhancing educational opportunities. However, she also cautioned about the potential pitfalls of technology, such as the risk of job displacement and the need to ensure that technological progress benefits all members of society. Sophia's balanced and insightful perspective on the intersection of technology and human progress left a lasting impression on the audience.The 2019 English Speech Competition organized by the Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press was a true testament to the exceptional talents and intellectual curiosity of the participating students. Each speech delivered was a masterful blend of eloquence, passion, and a deep understanding of the pressing issues facing our world. The diverse range of topics covered, from environmental sustainability to mental health awareness and the transformative power of education, demonstrated the breadth of the students' interests and their commitment to making a positive impact on their communities and the world at large.The competition not only showcased the linguistic prowess of the participants but also highlighted their ability to think critically, to empathize with the experiences of others, and to articulate their ideas with clarity and conviction. The judges, who were comprised of renowned scholars, educators, and industry leaders, were deeply impressed by the caliber of the speeches and the students' unwavering dedication to their craft.Beyond the competition itself, the 2019 English Speech Competition served as a powerful platform for cross-cultural exchange and the sharing of diverse perspectives. The event brought together students from various regions of China, each with their own unique backgrounds and experiences, and provided them with theopportunity to engage in meaningful dialogues and to learn from one another. This exchange of ideas and perspectives not only enriched the participants' own understanding of the world but also fostered a greater sense of global community and shared purpose.In conclusion, the 2019 English Speech Competition organized by the Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press was a resounding success, showcasing the remarkable linguistic abilities and intellectual depth of the participating students. The event served as a testament to the power of education in shaping the leaders of tomorrow, and to the transformative potential of cross-cultural exchange and dialogue. As the world continues to grapple with complex global challenges, the insights and perspectives shared by these young orators offer a glimmer of hope and a roadmap for a better future, one where each individual can make a meaningful contribution to the betterment of our shared world.。

2
Journal of Mathematical Research and Exposition
Vol.27
In the past dozens of years, there have been a few good works on rational M¨ untz approximation rate[1−3,5−9] . Here, we want to remind the readers of a special M¨ untz system {xλn }, that 1 is, {λn } satisfy λn ց 0 (λn ց 0 means λn strictly decreasing to 0), and λn ≤ M n− 2 for every n ≥ 1. The second named author did the original work on this subject in [8]: Theorem 1 Given M > 0. Let {λn } be a sequence with λn ց 0, suppose that λn ≤ M n− 2 for n = 1, 2, · · ·, then for any f ∈ C[0,1] , we have Rn (f, Λ) ≤ CM ω (f, n− 2 ), where CM is a positive constant only depending on M . Recently, we[7] generalized the above result to include the general Lp [0, 1] spaces and established the following theorem Theorem 2 Given M > 0. Let {λn } be a sequence with λn ց 0, and let λn ≤ M n− 2 for n = 1, 2, · · ·. Then for any f ∈ Lp [0,1] , 1 < p ≤ ∞, there is a positive constant CM,p only depending on M and p such that Rn (f, Λ)Lp ≤ CM,p ω (f, n− 2 )Lp . However, it is not a satisfactory result yet. First, CM,p is a positive constant depending not only on M but also on p. So a natural problem comes: whether can CM,p be replaced by CM only depending on M ? Secondly, the method used in [7] cannot give any result for p = 1. These problems could be hard without using the efficient tool, the Hardy-Littlewood maximum functions, which played a very important role in [7]. The present paper will give positive answers to these problems by employing a new method and by constructing a new type of M¨ untz rational functions. We obtain the following theorem Theorem 3 Given M > 0. Let {λn } be a real sequence with λn ց 0, and let λn ≤ M n− 2 for n = 1, 2, · · ·. Then for any f ∈ Lp [0,1] , 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞, there is a positive constant CM only depending on M such that Rn (f, Λ)Lp ≤ CM ω (f, n− 2 )Lp . Throughout the paper, C always denotes an absolute constant, and CM a positive constant only depending on M . Their values may be different in different circumstances.

“外研社·国才杯”全国英语阅读大赛样题赛题分值说明：1. 线上初赛：题型仅为客观题，即Read and Know，Read and Reason，Read and Question三个模块，共40题，答题时间为110分钟，满分100分。

第1-3题每题1分，第4-9题每题2分，第10题5分，第11-30题每题3分，第31-40题每题2分。

2. 复赛和决赛：题型包含客观题和主观题，即Read and Know，Read and Reason，Read and Question，Read and Create四个模块，共41题，答题时间为150分钟，满分100分。

第1-3题每题1分，第4-9题每题2分，第10题5分，第11-30题每题1.5分，第31-40题每题2分，第41题30分。

注：本样题仅供了解大赛题型，不提供参考答案；体验更多大赛真题，可加入备赛课程《阅读大赛真题——2019》，全面了解大赛题型，充分把握考查要点，官方赛事系统iTEST提供即时反馈，支持反复练习。

Part I Read and KnowIn Part I, you will read short texts of various kinds. Read the instructions carefully and answer the questions. (Time allowed: 20 minutes)Questions 1-3 (Suggested completion time: 3 minutes)Directions: Read the following quotes. Match the quotes with the people. Please note there are two extra options you do not need.Question 4 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text and answer the question according to the text.To ensure the high standards of facilities we need to build new wards, laboratories and consulting rooms. In short, we need your help now. Complete the coupon today and rest assured that your donation is going to the best possible cause.4. Where is the piece of text taken from?A. an advertisementB. an instruction bookletC. a storyD. a newspaperQuestion 5 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text and answer the question according to the text.Few corners of the world remain untainted by intrepid tourists, and their impact is often devastating. Too frequently they trample heedlessly on fragile environments, displacing wildlife and local populations in their insatiable quest for unexplored locations.5. What is the best title for this text?A. The Future of TourismB. The Role of TourismC. The Price of TourismD. The Benefits of TourismQuestion 6 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text and answer the question according to the text.With E-book sales increasing by more than 300% for the second year, publishers delivering new revenue streams through E-book Apps, and academic publishers long having derived some 90% of their revenue online, it is a travesty to describe all this as the publishing world being "in denial" about digital.6. What is the main idea of this text?A. Publishers are making profits from E-book sales.B. Not all publishers are threatened by digital storms.C. E-books become a main source of revenue for publishers.D. Traditional publishing industry is dying out.Question 7 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text and answer the question according to the text.With our travel agency, the holiday you book is the holiday you get. If you arrive and find we've failed to live up to our promises, let us know what the problem is within one day of your arrival. We'll spend 24 hours doing everything possible to sort the problem out. In the unlikely event that we can't resolve your problem and make you happy within 24 hours, we'll fly you home and give your money back.7. The text could best be described as__________.A. a commitmentB. an appealC. a warningD. a vowQuestion 8 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text and answer the question according to the text.The new digital cameras are great fun and very easy to use. They let you review your pictures the moment you take them, so you can re-shoot right away if you're not satisfied. But remember, a digital camera is just a computer ***. It's not a replacement for your ordinary camera.8. What is the meaning of the missing word XXXX in the text?A. "something that is poor quality"B. "an item that is not essential, something extra"C. "something expensive but good value for money"D. "a fashion which always remains popular"Question 9 (Suggested completion time: 2 minutes)Directions: Read the text and answer the question according to the text.She had gone alone, but the children were to go to the station to meet her. And loving the station as they did, it was only natural that they should be there a good hour before there was any chance of Mother's train arriving, even if the train were punctual, which was most unlikely.9. What can you say about their mother's train?A. It would probably be early.B. It would probably be on time.C. It would probably be late.D. It had been cancelled.Question 10 (Suggested completion time: 5 minutes)Directions: The bar chart shows the number and proportion of undernourished people in the developing regions, from 1990-1992 to 2014-2016. Answer the question according to the information in the chart.Source: The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) Report 201510. Choose the INCORRECT description about the chart.A. The latest estimates suggest that nearly one in nine individuals do not have enough to eat between 2014 and 2016.B. Projections indicate that the 2015 MDG target is nearly reached, with 12.9 per cent of undernourished population.C. The situation noticeably improved during the years 1995-1999, but went down in the first five years of the new millennium.D. The proportion of undernourished people in the developing regions has fallen by almost half since 1990.Part II Read and ReasonIn Part II, you will read short texts on different subjects. Read the instructions carefully and answer the questions based on logical inference and reasoning. (Time allowed: 55 minutes)Question 11 (Suggested completion time: 4 minutes)Directions: Read the following definition of a logical fallacy. Answer the question according to the definition.11. Which of the following provides a typical example of poisoning the well?A. That's my stance on funding the education system, and anyone who disagrees with me hates children.B. You are so weird. That means—we are pretty much sure—that your whole family is weird, too.C. God exists because the Bible says so. The Bible is inspired. Therefore, we know that God exists.D. I don't care what you say. We don't need any more bookshelves. As long as the carpet is clean, we are fine.Question 12 (Suggested completion time: 4 minutes)Directions: Look at the following picture and then answer the question.12. Which of the following logical fallacies does the picture illustrate?A. False Dilemma: an argument that presents a limited set of two possible categories and assumes that everything in the scope of the discussion must be an element of that setB. Guilt by Association: a fallacy used to discredit an argument for proposing an idea that is shared by some socially demonized individual or groupC. No True Scotsman: an argument coming up after someone has made a general claim about a group of things and then been presented with evidence challenging that claimD. Hasty Generalization: a fallacy committed when one forms a conclusion from a sample that is either too small or too special to be representativeQuestions 13-14 Reasoning (Suggested completion time: 10 minutes)13. Many people report that exposure to certain foods and drinks such as cheese, chocolate, and red wine, is associated with the onset of migraine headaches. Other people report that exposure to certain smells (especially strong perfumes) seems to trigger a migraine headache, and some note that exposure to bright and flickering lights can be followed by a migraine. It would seem that a person with a tendency to get migraines should try to find out which of these situations is associated with the onset of the headache and then avoid this stimulus.All of the following, if true, would make the above recommendation impractical except:A. The time delay between the trigger and the onset of the headache can make it exceptionally difficult to identify the trigger.B. The presence of a known trigger doesn't always cause a migraine.C. In a high proportion of cases the patients report multiple triggers for their headaches.D. Most of the known triggers are common and almost unavoidable features of modern life.14. Richard: The national budget should provide significant increases in all levels ofeducation in the upcoming year.Natalie: That's not fair. A reduction in defense spending in peacetime may bring us excessive risks. We can't afford it.Which of the following is the best interpretation of Natalie's argument?A. Funds saved from defense have been diverted to all levels of education.B. Highlighting spending on education dangerously impacts on spending on the military.C. The size of the military budget reflects a state's ability to fund educational activities.D. Compared with military spending, investing in education will create a financial crisis.Questions 15-17 (Suggested completion time: 6 minutes)Directions: Read the text about a science discovery. Answer the questions according to the text.Manipulating MemoryMemory is notoriously malleable. Our recollections fade and take on new meanings; sometimes we remember things that never even happened. But 15 .Recently, however, scientists have started to grasp and tinker with memory's physical basis. Last year, in work evocative of films such as Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind and Inception, researchers discovered ways to manipulate specific memories in mice using optogenetics, a powerful technique that can trigger nerve cells in animals' brains by zapping them with beams of laser light. In a series of experiments, they showed that they could delete existing memories and "incept" false ones.This year, researchers went even further: switching the emotional content of a memory in mice from bad to good and vice versa. Under the laser, for example, male mice that had once associated a certain room with being shocked were tricked into acting as though they had once met friendly female mice there instead.Whether the mice in these experiments actually experienced vivid false memories or just a fuzzy sense of pleasure or fear is unclear. Nor is it clear whether the findings apply to the tricks of memory so familiar to people. Long-sought therapeutic advances, such as treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder, could remain far off. One thing is certain, however: Once considered beyond scientific dissection, memory is finally starting to yield its secrets.15. Which of the following best fits the numbered space in the text?A. what is really happening in our brain as memories are remodeled remains mysteriousB. scientists are curious about why people are oblivious to what have happened to themC. advanced technology has helped scientists discover the workings of our brainD. some scientists argue that what we observe about human memory is not what it really is16. The word "incept" is closest in meaning to ________.A. operateB. startC. detectD. occupy17. Which of the following can be inferred from the text?A. People's false memories result from the impact of different emotion provoked by later experience on the same spot.B. The success in research indicates that it won't be long that a therapy is worked out for people disturbed by painful memory.C. By zapping the brain cells of mice with light, researchers are able to create, erase, or alter their memories, good or bad.D. Many fancy ideas in science fictions or movies that are based on them actually draw greatly upon scientific achievement.Questions 18-19 (Suggested completion time: 4 minutes)Directions: Read the text about cholera. Decide whether the statements are True or False according to the text.A child receives the oral cholera vaccine ShancholCholera is caused by a bacterial infection of the intestine. Approximately one in 20 people infected with cholera has a serious case, with symptoms including severe diarrhea, vomiting, and leg cramps. These symptoms quickly cause dehydration and shock, and can result in death within hours if the infected person doesn't receive treatment. Cholera is typically transmitted by contaminated food or water. In areas with poor treatment of sewage and drinking water, the feces of people with cholera can enter the water supply and spread quickly, resulting in an epidemic. The cholera bacterium may also live in the environment in some coastal waters, so shellfish eaten raw can be a source of cholera in affected areas.18. Cholera is known to be a life-threatening disease which easily causes death of most of the patients.True ( ) False ( )19. Cholera typically occurs in areas near the sea or the river where contaminated food is a major source of the disease.True ( ) False ( )Questions 20-21 (Suggested completion time: 5 minutes)Directions: Read the abstract of a research paper from the DeepMind website. Decide whether the statements are True or False according to the abstract.Teaching Machines to Read and ComprehendAuthors: K. M. Hermann, T. Kočiský, E. Grefenstette, L. Espeholt, W. Kay, M. Suleyman, P. BlunsomPublished: NIPS 2015Abstract: Teaching machines to read natural language documents remains an elusive challenge. Machine reading systems can be tested on their ability to answer questions posed on the contents of documents that they have seen, but until now large scale training and test datasets have been missing for this type of evaluation. In this work we define a new methodology that resolves this bottleneck and provides large scale supervised reading comprehension data. This allows us to develop a class of attention based deep neural networks that learn to read real documents and answer complex questions with minimal prior knowledge of language structure.20. Previous studies didn't take constant effort to evaluate the reading ability of artificial intelligence machines, which was why the present research was conducted.True ( ) False ( )21. One implication of the research is that a methodology that helps gather and handle big data is indispensable to artificial intelligence related studies.True ( ) False ( )Questions 22-23 (Suggested completion time: 6 minutes)Directions: Read the text about the "Think small" advertising campaign. Answer the questions according to the text.Think SmallI f you're interested in marketing and advertising, Volkswagen's "Think small" campaign for the Beetle when it was first introduced to North America in 1959 looms large as one of the greatest advertising campaigns of all time. It wasn't just a revolution in automotive advertising; it changed the entire industry.Until the Beetle hit the market, automotive marketing copy was full of bluster, and the images were flights of fancy, emphasizing low, long lines and a fantasy lifestyle.The clean, simple photography on a white background that emphasized the Beetle's compact, practical form may seem commonplace these days, but it was a revolution in a world where Americans grew up obsessed with muscle cars, horsepower, and tire smoke. Making the car small, when the convention was to makeit fill the page, was also novel. The simplistic approach to design and layout was totally contrary to the advertising conventions of the time.__ __22_____ The text was minimalist in both look and content, presenting the facts simply instead of trying to weave tall tales and fantasies; and instead of bluster, it ushered in an intelligent sense of humor that made readers feel like they were in on the joke. The message was one of smart anti-luxury, and took gentle aim at an industry obsessed with superficiality and styling, rather than the substance underneath the car bodies.Not only does "Think small" continue to inspire Volkswagen advertising to this day, it ushered in a creative revolution in the advertising business and changed the world of marketing forever. "Think small" showed the power of humor and honesty, and its photographic and design principles brought about a major shift in the look and feel of marketing around the world.22. Which of the sentences below best fits the numbered space in the text?A. What defined the ad even more than its visual style was the tone of its copy.B. This ad starts off doing the exact opposite of what you would expect in a car ad.C. This was an exercise in minimalism and a very accurate reflection on the product itself.D. The car wasn't depicted as an integral piece of the daily lives of a middle class family.23. It can be inferred that the advertising conventions of the 1950s were reflected in the following except that ___________.A. The ads in the 1950s typically showed proud owners and passengers evoking great joy about new shiny big acquisitions.B. The marketing concept then focused on providing as much information as possible to the reader such as the way it's created.C. The marketing schemes associated the advertised product with an idea or a way of living from average consumers' perspective.D. The marketing practice may attach importance to a sense of humor brought by the use of exaggerated language.Questions 24-25 (Suggested completion time: 4 minutes)Directions: Read the following six remarks concerning the crowd. Four of them are taken from Gustave Le Bon's book, The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind. Choose the two remarks that may NOT be taken from the book.24-25. _______The CrowdA. In crowds it is stupidity and not mother wit that is accumulated.B. Crowds most envy the lonely man who walks confidently as if he is walking with the great crowds!C. A crowd is not merely impulsive and mobile. Like a savage, it is not prepared to admit that anything can come between its desire and the realization of its desire.D. I walked with them, as crowds have that effect on me, I want to do what they do, to journey towards some point of revelation, which of course never comes.E. Crowds, being incapable both of reflection and of reasoning, are devoid of the notion of improbability; and it is to be noted that in a general way it is the most improbable things that are the most striking.F. …the individual forming part of a crowd acquires, solely from numerical considerations, a sentiment of invincible power which allows him to yield to instincts which, had he been alone, he would perforce have kept under restraint.Questions 26-28 (Suggested completion time: 5 minutes)Directions: Read the text about a fly. Answer the questions according to the text.The FlyAt that moment the boss noticed that a fly had fallen into his broad inkpot, and was trying feebly but desperately to clamber out again. "Help! Help!" said those struggling legs. But the sides of the inkpot were wet and slippery; it fell back again and began to swim. The boss took up a pen, picked the fly out of the ink, and shook it on to a piece of blotting-paper. For a fraction of a second it lay still on the dark patch that oozed round it. Then the front legs waved, took hold, and, pulling its small, sodden body up, it began the immense task of cleaning the ink from its wings. Over and under, over and under, went a leg along a wing, as the stone goes over and under the scythe. Then there was a pause, while the fly, seeming to stand on the tips of its toes, tried to expand first one wing and then the other. It succeeded at last, and, sitting down, it began, like a minute cat, to clean its face. Now one could imagine that the little front legs rubbed against each other lightly, joyfully. 27 .26. Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?A. The boss saved the fly out of his broad inkpot.B. The fly was trapped by the thick ink on its wings.C. The passage describes how a fly survived an accident.D. The passage shows how a fly conquered a challenge.27. Which of the following statement can best fit in the numbered space?A. The horrible danger was over; it had escaped; it was ready for life again.B. The boss was relieved now, reassured that the fly had been out of danger.C. But the front legs waved, caught hold, and, more slowly this time, the task restarted.D. But such a grinding feeling of wretchedness seized him that he felt positively frightened.28. The tone of the text can be described as a complex mixture of anything but _______.A. sympatheticB. humorousC. cheerfulD. depressingQuestions 29-30 (Suggested completion time: 7 minutes)Directions: Read the text about Chaco Culture. Answer the questions according to the text.The "Chaco Culture", as modern-day archaeologists call it, flourished between roughly the 9th and 13th centuries A.D. and was centered at Chaco Canyon in what is now New Mexico.The people of the Chaco Culture built immense structures that at times encompassed more than 500 rooms. They also participated in long-distance trade that brought cacao, macaws (a type of parrot), turquoise and copper to Chaco Canyon.29_______, researchers have to rely on the artifacts and structures they left behind, as well as oral accounts that have been passed on through generations, to reconstruct what their lives were like.Archaeologists generally agree that Chaco Canyon was the center of Chaco Culture. Today the canyon is a national park and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The National Park Service estimates that there are about 4,000 archaeological sites in the park, including more than a dozen immense structures that archaeologists sometimes call "Great Houses". Archaeological research has revealed many discoveries, including a system of roads that connected many Chaco Culture sites, and evidence of astronomical alignments that indicate that some Chaco Culture structures were oriented toward the solstice sun and lunar standstills.“There has been more archaeological research conducted in Chaco and o n the subject of Chaco than on any other prehistoric district in North America,” says a National Park Service statement posted on Chaco Culture National Historical Park's website."Today, twenty Puebloan groups in New Mexico, as well as the Hopi in Arizona, claim Chaco as their ancestral homeland and are tied to this place through oral traditions and clan lineages. A number of Navajo clans are also affiliated with Chacoan sites through their traditional stories," the National Park Service statement says.Despite the fact that there has been an immense amount of archaeological research carried out at Chaco Canyon, and at other Chaco Culture sites in the American Southwest, modern-day archaeologists disagree over what the people of the Chaco Culture were like.Some archaeologists think that the people of the Chaco Culture were not politically united, while some think they controlled an empire centered on Chaco Canyon. "What was Chaco? Opinions vary widely, perhaps wildly. Interpretations range from a valley of peaceful farming villages to the monumental capital of an empire," wrote Stephen Lekson, a professor at the University of Colorado Boulder, in an article published in the book The Architecture of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico (University of Utah Press, 2007).Lekson noted that there are different interpretations among archaeologists as to what the Great Houses were. Some archaeologists believe that they were villages inhabited by thousands of people, while others think that they were elite residences that housed a small number of residents.29. Which of the following best fits in the numbered space in the text?A. The people of the Chaco Culture did not use a writing system and as suchB. While archaeologists are not certain what caused this dramatic population bumpC. When thinking about archaeological sites, we tend to think of them as deadsilentD. Since Chaco's national monument status may not protect it from development pressures30. Which of the following statements can we know from the text?A. The people of the Chaco culture were good at foreign trade.B. "Great Houses" were built from approximately the 9th to 13thcentury A.D.C. Most descendants of ancient Chaco people live in New Mexico now.D. Archaeologists hold different ideas about how the people of the Chaco Culture lived.Part III Read and QuestionIn Part III, you will read passages on the same subject. You will be required to identify the writer's position and evaluate the effectiveness of the writer's arguments. (Time allowed: 35 minutes)Questions 31-40 (Suggested completion time: 35 minutes)Directions: Read three passages about fashion. Answer the questions according to the passages.Passage AIt's not that easy to answer the question, "what is fashion?" because it means different things to different people. Fashion is an art. It's a religion. It's a job. It's a peek into a personality. It's playfulness. It's an escape or a disguise. It is a feast for the eyes. But ultimately, 32 . French fashion designer Coco Chanel once said, "Fashion is not something that exists in dresses only. Fashion is in the sky, in the street, fashion has to do with ideas, the way we live, what is happening."It's true. Fashion isn't defined solely by our clothing choices, but is also conveyed through the way we carry ourselves, our personalities and our views of the world. At its most fundamental, fashion is simply the prevailing style or custom, as in dress or behavior.So, who exactly answers the question "what is fashion"? Who decides what's fashionable and what isn't? What's in or what's out?Fashion Designers. The iconic fashion houses—Prada, Gucci, Chanel—are referred to as haute couture, French for "high sewing". These designers lead the way in creating trend-setting fashion. While some of their designs are outrageous andcompletely unrealistic when it comes to everyday wear, generally the theme is adapted into versions suitable for wearing.Media. Fashion trends are often sparked by characters on popular television shows and movies as well as adopted from magazine pages. "Sex and the City", "The Devil Wears Prada", these shows introduced us to new, cutting-edge designs. While you might not be caught dead wearing a Carrie Bradshaw original, you might take ideas inspired from her look and piece together your own creation.Celebrities. A prime example of a celebrity-driven fashion trend? UGGs. Until Kate Hudson and Jessica Simpson were spotted wearing them around L.A. several years ago, no one had given any thought to UGG boots. Now they are everywhere.Musicians. Musicians have always been very influential when it comes to dictating fashion. Rock 'n' roll is fashion. Elvis is an iconic example. In the 1950s, everyone wanted to dress like Elvis. What about the heavy metal hair bands so popular in the 1980s? Axl Rose reinvented the head bandana while Poison, Motley Crue and Bon Jovi set the pace for big, rocker hair.Just because you don't know if a Prada bag is fall 2007 or spring 2008 doesn't matter. All that matters is that you like it and it's an expression of you. That is fashion. Passage B[A]Fashion is more prevalent in modern society than in primitive tribes or peasant communities. The modern society is an open society where class distinctions are not so rigid as in primitive society. Its urban and mobile class structure enables people to cultivate individual taste and adopt new course. [B]Our standards of judgment have also changed. Today the individual is rated more by observable externalities than by his ancestry, his character or his genuine accomplishments. The clothes a man wears, the language he speaks, the manners he shows have more weight in ascribing a status than his simplicity, patriotism and integrity.If he can keep himself up to date in the matters of his dress, speech and manners, he will assure himself a high social esteem. [C]Not only the mobile and urban character of modern society but its affluence also speaks for greater prevalence of fashion in it. Men today are richer than their ancestors and have more leisure. They have the necessary means and time to play with luxuries and to think of fashion. Maclver writes: We do not think of fashion in overalls; there is more of fashion in the body of an automobile than in its chassis. There is no fashion in steam shovels.[D]Consequently the higher the standard of living the more material there is for fashion to operate upon.Passage CAs summer has officially faded into the colder weather of autumn, I assumed the days of Nike shorts, comically large T-shirts and polos would be only a memory of yesterday. This has not been the case.。