雅思写作：高分句型VS 复杂句型
考官评分标准中最后一项GRA (grammatical range and accuracy)，明确考察的是学生写英语句子多样性和准确性的能力，即测试考生简单句和复杂句的综合运用能力。而中国考生也知道句式表达要多样性，但很难参透具体如何操作才能让自己的句子丰富多样，结果是普遍句式比较单一，写到复杂结构时往往就是堆斥各种从句，似乎除了从句再无其它复杂结构可写。事实上，剑桥考官的范文中，复杂句的数量寥寥可数，很多时候都是把简单句进行了华丽的包装，一起来看看考官喜欢的“高分句型是什么样的。
1、状语前置
所谓状语前置就是把状语(副词，介词短语，分词，不定式)放到句首。考官会频繁使用这种语法结构，而很多考生却没有意识，这种句式通过一堆长句子中出现一个小短语，可以让句子产生长短结合的紧凑感，实例如下：
1)Unfortunately, professionals from other fields who make a much greater contributions to human society, are paid so much less that it is hard to disagree with the statement.
2)Obviously, education systems are based on the belief that all children can effectively be taught to acquire different skills.
3)Like self-awareness,this is also very difficult to achieve, but I think these are the two factors that may be most important for achieving happiness.
4)As a result of media attention, sports professionals in my country have become stars and celebrities.
5)With the political will, such measures could really reduce the amount of rubbish we produce.
6)Struggling in poverty, people in these countries believe international aid is essential and should be continued.
7)To do this, we need to improve the choice of public transport services available to individuals.
8)To become successful,more skills and dedication are required.
2、句中插入短语
和状语前置类似，长句子中间插入一个小短语，可以让句子读起来更轻松灵活。考官实例如下：
1)This will affect the job market, which, after all, is a key target in any economic plan.
2)Sports stars and pop stars,for example, are soon replaced by the neat younger, more energetic generation.
3)So overall, I believe that, attending schools from a young age is good for most children.
4)Universities, when it is functioning well, should offer both theoretical knowledge as well as professional training.
3、倒装句
这种语法现象考生都学过，但往往在作文中忘记或没有意识使用。先看两个例子：
1)Parents should spend time on their children. They should also communicate with them.
2) We can never lose sight of the significance of education.
这两个句子没有任何错误，但都很单调平淡，如果使用倒装，效果就不一样了。
第一句可以用not only /but also 句型来改写成倒装句：Not only should parents spent time on their children, they are also advised to interact with them.
第二句可以否定词提前，强调突出“不可忽视”。On no account/by no means/ in no way/never can we lose sight of the significance of education.
考官范文中的倒装例子并不多，主要体现在以下几种情况中：
1)Only in this way can this problem be effectively solved.
2)We can see that not only are there very large differences between these economies, but that these gaps are widening.
3)Strange as it may seem, parents’ attention sometimes hinders students’ academic development.
4)Equally important to success in learning a foreign language is constant attention to details.
考生在平时的语言积累和写作练习中，可以多模仿这几种固定句式，在文章中穿插1-2句倒装句。
4、强调句
强调句的句式框架结构为It is+(被强调的成分) that/who+(句子剩余成分), 类似于中文的“正是…导致了…”的意思。例如，考官范文中的例句：
1)It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’ personality and dictates how that personality develops.
