分词作定语 讲解

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欢迎共阅 分词作定语

分词作定语时有下面几个特点:

1)现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词一般表示被动含意。

2)现在分词表示正在进行,过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。

He rushed into the burning house.他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。

The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。

The room facing south is our classroom.朝南的房间是我们的教室。

Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那个修好的表了吗?

分词作定语时的时间关系

一般来说,不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后;现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如:

Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing?

你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗?

Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office?

你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗?

共同点:单个分词做定语放在所修饰名词前(a swimming pool);分词短语(就是不仅仅由一个分词构成的用来修饰名词的短语the book written by Luxun)做后置定语,即放名词后。

用过去分词还是现在分词做定语的判断关键:名词与该动作的关系

1. 现在分词(Ving)做定语:

从功能上看,现在分词做定语表示 1)主动(及物);2)进行(不及物)。

做定语:相当于一个定语从句 (主动)

欢迎共阅 Do you know the boy standing at the door?  Do you know the boy who is standing at the door? A developing country needs aids. A country that/which is developing needs aids.

They lived in a house facing the south They lived in a house that faced the south.

The man wearing a red tie is our head. The man who wears a red tie(戴红领带) is our head.

The workers working in the factory are well-paid. The workers who are working in the factory are well-paid. 在这家工厂工作的工人报酬很好

2.过去分词(p.p)做定语

从功能上看,过去分词做定语表示1)被动(及物);2)完成(不及物)。

做定语:相当于一个定语从句(被动),有时侯也表示完成的