状语从句讲解
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状语从句的讲解就是用一句话作状语分为:时间,地点,方式,原因,结果,条件,让步,目的,比较一、时间状语从句第一次见到你一见到你我就喜欢上了你直到见到你五岁时见到你When, as, while, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as no sooner…than…scarcely…when…hardly…when… the minute the second the instant the moment by the time 截止 immediately instantly directlyeach time every time next time the first time on doing sthwhenwhile 当…时as1。
when 1)当…时/ 延续性动词短暂性动词都可用2)这时/3)届时、到时I was watching TV when my cellphone suddenly rang这时When I was five years old I could speak five languagesThe wet weather will continue tommorow when a cold front is expected to arrive届时到时注意:时间状语从句中动作发生有前后时先发生的用过去完成时When my mother came back I had already gone to bed.2。
while 1)从句动词延续性2)同时发生3)对比的意味“然而”4)趁着He taught himself while he worked in a bank 延续性动词当他在银行上班时While we were working they were having a rest.对比While they were having a discussion , they got very confused。
状语从句知识点详解(初中英语专项复习)状语从句的概念: 用一个句子作状语来修饰动词和形容词,以表明动作发生或状态存在的时间、地点、原因等,这个句子就叫做状语从句。
状语从句的分类:状语从句共分为九大类,包括:时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较状语从句。
下面分别讲解:一、时间状语从句概念:用来表示时间的状语从句,由when, while, as, till, until,before, after, since等引导。
由于时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思并非一致,不同引导词表达不同的时间,它们在句子中对应的时态、语态等也有所不同。
例如:when /while引导的时间状语从句when引导的从句的谓语动词通常是瞬间动词,也可以是延续性动词。
从句动作可与主语动作通常先后发生也可同时发生。
I was writing when my sister came back.( come是瞬间动词,只能用when引导,不能用while)He often wrote me when/while he studied in Shanghai International Studies University.( study 是延续性动词,while可代替when)While my mother was cooking , I was playing chess with dad. (cook是延续性的动词,cook和play同时发生)I like playing chess while my sister likes reading stories.我喜欢下棋,而我姐姐喜欢看小说。
(while表示对比)when和while的区别还有:while引导的时间状语从句多用于进行时态,而when引导的时间状语从句多用于一般时态。
While we were playing games, our headmaster called me .我们正在做游戏的时候,校长叫我了。
状语从句讲解状语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它在句子中起到修饰谓语动词或整个句子的作用。
本文将详细解释状语从句的定义、功能和常见类型,并给出一些例句以帮助读者更好地理解和运用状语从句。
状语从句是一个从句,它在句子中充当状语的角色,用来说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、条件等情况。
状语从句通常由连词引导,常见的引导词包括when(当...时候)、where(在...地方)、why(为什么)、how(如何)等。
通过使用状语从句,我们可以使句子更加丰富、具体和准确。
首先,让我们来看一下状语从句的功能。
状语从句可以用来表示时间关系。
例如,“I will call you when I arrive home.”(当我到家时,我会给你打电话)这个例句中的状语从句“when I arrive home”说明了动作“call”发生的时间。
其次,状语从句可以表示地点关系。
例如,“She looked around to see where the noise was coming from.”(她四处看看,想知道声音是从哪里传来的)这个例句中的状语从句“where the noise was coming from”说明了动作“look around”的地点。
此外,状语从句还可以表示原因、条件和方式等关系。
例如,“He couldn't go to the party because he was sick.”(他因为生病所以不能去参加聚会)这个例句中的状语从句“because he was sick”表示了动作“couldn't go”的原因。
在使用状语从句时,需要注意一些语法规则。
首先,状语从句通常放在主句之前或之后,具体位置取决于需要强调的内容。
其次,状语从句的谓语动词通常使用一般现在时,而不受主句的时态影响。
例如,“I will call you when I arrive home.”(当我到家时,我会给你打电话)中的“arrive”使用的是一般现在时。
1 地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。
例如:Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。
2 方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由as, (just)as…so…, as if, as though引导。
1)as, (just)as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just)as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是\"正如…\",\"就像\",多用于正式文体。
例如:Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。
As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。
Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。
2)as if, as though两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。
汉译常作\"仿佛……似的\",\"好像……似的\"。
例如:They completely ignore these facts as if (as though)they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存有似的。
(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。
)He looks as if (as though)he had been hit by lighting. 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。
(与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气。
)It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看来天气很快就会好起来。
(实现的可能性较大,谓语用陈述语气。
)说明:as if / as though也能够引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语。
例如:He stared at me as if seeing me for first time. 他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的。
He cleared his throat as if to say something. 他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的。
The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger. 波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒。
3 原因状语从句比较because, since, as和for:1)because语势最强,用来说明人所不知的原因,回答why提出的问题。
当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知,就用as或since。
例如:I didn\'t go, because I was afraid. 我不去是因为我怕。
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 天气那么糟,旅行推迟了。
2)由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则能够用for来代替。
但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。
例如:He is absent today, because / for he is ill. 他今天缺席,因为他病了。
He must be ill, for he is absent today. 他一定病了,所以今天缺席。
4 目的状语从句表示目的状语的从句能够由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case 等词引导。
例如:You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. 你必须大点声,别人就能听见了。
He wrote the name down for fear that(lest)he should forget it. 他写下了这个名字以免以后忘记。
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 最好多穿点衣服,以防天发冷。
5 结果状语从句结果状语从句常由so…that或such…that引导。
so…that与such…that之间能够转换。
例如:The boy is so young that he can\'t go to school. 这男孩年龄太小,不能上学。
He is such a young boy that he can\'t go to school6 条件状语从句连接词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。
if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。
非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。
unless = if not. 例如:Let\'s go out for a walk unless you are too tired. 如果不太累,我们去散散步。
If you are not too tied, let\'s go out for a walk.典型例题You will be late ___ you leave immediately.A. unlessB. untilC. ifD. or答案A。
句意:除非你立即走,否则你就回迟到的。
可转化为If you dong leave immediately, you will be late。
B、D句意不对,or表转折,句子如为You leave immediately or you will be late.7 让步状语从句1)though, although引导的让步状语从句,后面的从句不能有but,但是though 和yet可连用。
例如:Although it\'s raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨,但他们仍在地里干活。
He is very old, but he still works very hard. 虽然他很老了,但仍然努力地工作。
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain. 伤口虽愈合,但伤疤留下了。
(谚语)2)as, though 引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前)。
例如:Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.虽然是个小孩,该做什么不做什么,他全知道。
3)ever if, even though 即使。
例如:We\'ll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好,我们也要去远足。
4)whether…or…不管……都。
例如:Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 信不信由你,这确实是真的。
5)\"no matter +疑问词\" 或\"疑问词+后缀ever\" 。
例如:No matter what happened, he would not mind. =Whatever happened, he would not mind. 不管发生什么,他不在意。
替换:no matter what = whateverno matter who = whoeverno matter when = wheneverno matter where = whereverno matter which = whicheverno matter how = however注意:no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
(错)No matter what you say is of no use now.(对)Whatever you say is of no use now. 你现在说什么也没用了。
(Whatever you say是主语从句)(错)Prisoners have to eat no matter what they\'re given,(对)Prisoners have to eat whatever they\'re given.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。
8 比较while, when, as1)as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。
例如:Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我一刹车,有一个人向我走来。
2)当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前,只能用when 引导这个从句,不可用as 或while。
例如:When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 赶完活后,你能够休息一下。
3)从句表示\"随时间推移\"连词能用as,不用when 或while。
例如:As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天过去,天气越变越坏。
9 比较until和till此两个连词意义相同。
肯定形式表示的意思是\"做某事直至某时\",动词必须是延续性的。
否定形式表达的意思是\"直至某时才做某事\"。
动词为延续性或非延续性都能够。
准确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句:I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
(在肯定句中可用before代替。
例如Let\'s get in the wheat before the sun sets.)否定句:She didn\'t arrive until 6 o\'clock. 她直到6点才到。