2012 多所高校翻译硕士真题 回忆版

对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2012年(总分：150.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、Translate the following terms into Chinese.(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.balance sheet（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(资产负债表 )解析：2.international arbitration（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(国际仲裁 )解析：3.tax agent（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(税务代理 )解析：4.debenture（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(公司债券 )解析：5.gross weight（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(总重量 )解析：6.generalized system of preferences（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(普遍优惠制 )解析：7.fixed cost（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(固定成本 )解析：8.stock listings（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(股票上市 )解析：9.random access（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(随机存取 )解析：10.profit before tax（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(税前利润 )解析：二、Translate the following terms into English.(总题数：10，分数：10.00)11.按揭（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(mortgage )解析：12.薄利多销（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(small profits but quick turnover )解析：13.补贴（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(subsidies )解析：14.动产抵押（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(chattel mortgage )解析：15.进口报关单（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(The import customs declaration )解析：16.房地产（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Real estate )解析：17.分包合同（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(The subcontract )解析：18.股息（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(dividend )解析：19.国民待遇（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(National Treatment )解析：20.市场调查（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(market research )解析：三、Give the full forms of the following abbreviations and translate them into Chinese.(总题数：10，分数：10.00)21.AMIS（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Agricultural Management Information System农业管理信息系统 )解析：22.BHD（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Bad Hair Day很不顺利的一天)解析：23.CRRC（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(China Banking Regulatory Commission中国银监会 )解析：24.DPOB（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(date and place of birth出生日期和地点 )解析：25.FEM（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Finite Element Method有限单元法 )解析：26.MIN（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Minimum最小的，最低限度 )解析：27.MSP（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Medical Services Plan医疗保健计划 )解析：28.NNW（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Net National Welfare国民福利指标)解析：29.PAO（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(Public Affairs Office公共事务办公室 )解析：30.SAC（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(Securities Association of China中国证券业协会 )解析：四、Translate the following English passage into Chinese.(总题数：1，分数：60.00)31. The concept captured the zeitgeist of the personal computer revolution. Many young people, especially those in the counterculture, had viewed computers as instruments that could be used by Orwellian governments and giant corporations to sap individuality. But by the end of the 1970s, they were also being seen as potential tools for personal empowerment. The ad cast Macintosh as a warrior for the latter cause—a cool, rebellious, and heroic company that was the only thing standing in the way of the big evil corporation's plan for world domination and total mind control. Once again Jobs would end up suffering bad publicity without making a penny. Apple's stock price kept dropping, and by March 2003 even the new options were so low that Jobs traded in all of them for an outright grant of $ 75 million worth of shares, which amounted to about $ 8.3 million for each year he had worked since coming back in 1997 through the end of the vesting in 2006. The laws governing such backdating practices were murky, especially since no one at Apple ended up benefiting from the dubiously dated grants. The SEC took eight months to do its own investigation, and in April 2007 it announced that it would not bring action against Apple "based in part on its swift, extensive, and extraordinary cooperation in the Commission's investigation [and its] prompt self-reporting. " Although the SEC found that Jobs had been aware of the backdating, it cleared him of any misconduct because he "was unaware of the accounting implications." The SEC did file complaints against Apple's former chief financial officer Fred Anderson, who was on the board, and general counsel Nancy Heinen. Anderson, a retired Air Force captain with a square jaw and deep integrity, had been a wise and calming influence at Apple, where he was known for his ability to control Jobs' tantrums. He was cited by the SEC only for "negligence" regarding the paperwork for one set of the grants (not the ones that went to Jobs), and the SEC allowed him to continue to serve on corporate boards.（分数：60.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：( 这个概念抓住了个人电脑革命的时代精神。

2012年西北大学翻译硕士入学考试真题回忆版一、翻译硕士基础
词汇语法等好像是50道题
阅读理解（共四篇）
1.讲美国少数名族大学毕业率低的问题；
4.讲欧洲北部，好像跟英国很近的，一个小国家的民族性格
作文：migrant worker, a blessing or a damned
二、翻译基础
1.名词解释
CPPCC
GATT
UNSECA
GMT
ISO
The favourable balance of trade
Free zone of trade
辛亥革命
非政府组织
以和为贵
实事求是
天人合一
妄自菲薄
公正勤朴
廉租房
非公有制经济
2.英译汉：the test of courage is not to die but to live. （60分）
3.汉译英：和平与发展是当今世界的两大主题（60分）
三、百科：
名词解释,共25道题：（50分）
1.中国三大国粹
2.扬州八怪
3.乔治华盛顿
4.三农
5.《梦的的解析》
6.元曲
7.史记
8.基因技术
9.文艺复兴
10.欧盟
11.故宫博物院
12.可持续发展
13.辛亥革命
14.诺曼征服
应用文写作（40分）
共25题写一篇调查报告450字
中文写作（60分）
写一篇题为“制约与发展”的作文，800字。

2012年全国53所高校MTI真题（网友回忆版）汉语写作和百科知识单元目录1. 对外经贸大学 (1)2. 北京大学 (2)3. 北二外 (2)4. 北京外国语学院 (3)5. 北林 (3)6. 首师大 (3)7. 北京科技大学 (5)8. 北京师范大学 (5)9. 北京交通大学 (6)10. 中石油（北京） (6)11. 北京航空航天大学 (6)12. 北京语言大学 (7)13. 复旦大学 (7)14. 上海交通大学 (8)15. 同济大学 (8)16. 郑州大学 (9)17. 上海外国语大学 (9)18. 上海大学 (14)19. 上海东华大学 (16)20. 华东师范 (16)21. 华中师范 (16)22. 华中科技大学 (17)23. 东南大学 (17)24. 西安外国语 (17)25. 南京农业大学 (18)26. 南京大学 (18)27. 南京师范大学 (19)28. 大连海事大学 (19)29. 天津外国语 (19)30. 天津大学 (20)31. 南开大学 (20)32. 广外 (21)33. 暨南大学 (21)34. 湖南师大 (21)35. 四川外国语 (22)36. 四川大学 (22)37. 山东大学 (23)38. 青岛大学 (23)39. 苏州大学 (23)40. 吉林大学 (24)41. 西工大 (25)42. 西财 (25)43. 浙江大学 (25)44. 重庆大学 (26)45. 武汉大学 (26)46. 贵州大学 (27)47. 扬州大学 (27)48. 福师大 (28)49. 中国海洋大学 (28)50. 中南大学 (28)51. 上海海事大学 (29)52. 云南师范大学 (29)53. 湖南大学 (29)1. 对外经贸大学百科：史记包含的五类，初唐四杰，初唐四大书法家，最大规模农民战争，唐代山水诗派代表，苦吟诗人，“飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天”是哪首诗的，中国画祖之类，看过一遍中国文化的应该都问题不大，但明年就说不定了。

招生专业：英语口译、英语笔译考试科目：汉语写作百科与百科知识试题种类：B卷考试时间：1月8日下午（请将答案写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上无效）第一部分百科知识（50分）请简要解释以下段落中划线部分的知识点。

1、唐代诗歌，盛极难继。

初唐时期，诗人中最著名的的当属“初唐四杰”，四杰的诗歌有的是五言、七言长篇，有的是五言律诗、五言绝句。

盛唐时期，有孟浩然和王维的山水田园诗，也有高适和岑参的边塞诗。

在盛唐、中唐时期，还出现了礼拜、杜甫、白居易的诗歌以及韩愈、柳宗元提倡的“古文运动”。

2、中国古代宗教信仰中，最为突出的是“三大崇拜”，它决定了中国古代宗教活动的形式。

封禅是古代宗教最隆重的形式，由帝王亲临。

在古人看来，中国大山以五岳为最，在五岳之中地位最高的山上祭拜，才算完成了天子就位的礼节。

在我国现有的宗教中，佛典佛偈等大量渗入社会生活，经过意义转化，成了一些人们常用的成语。

另外，在胜迹方面，还出现了佛家四大名山等佛教胜迹。

3、继猫王之后，60年代，又出现了一位摇滚歌手巨星：鲍勃·迪伦。

一时间，美国出现了许多的“摇滚歌手”。

“摇滚乐”伴随着民权运动、反战运动、嬉皮士运动的发展而发展，形成了美国文化生活中的一条独特风景线。

70年代中期，在美国又兴起了一种新型的舞蹈——迪斯科。

由于受到年轻人的青睐，旋即风行西方，传遍世界。

摇滚乐的摇与滚通过形体动作被表现的淋漓尽致。

4、苹果电脑风靡全球，其产品由台湾富士康公司在中国组装。

其中一款平板电脑，在美国的市场售价为499美元，生产成本259美元，对美国苹果公司而言，利润接近100%。

在259的成本里面，其中代工费是11.9美元，而富士康还要在这11.9美元里形成4美元的利润，剩下的7.9美元在整个499美元的售价里显然微乎其微，而且纵使如此，全国各地还在为争抢富士康公司在本地落户，为保证富士康的安全“着陆”，在土地方面给出这样那样的优惠条件。

土地租金很低、缺乏核心技术，是苹果产业链条中“中国制造”处于最低端的原因所在。

北京大学翻译硕士历年考研真题专业课复习课题体系北京大学2012年翻译硕士MTI真题与答案（回忆版）I.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively.(30scores;30 minutes)1.academy award奥斯卡金像奖2.Animated movie3.Autograph4.Avant garde5.Beatle甲壳虫6.Bermuda Triangle百慕大三角7.Broadway百老汇8.Byzantium拜占庭育明教育官方网站：19.Catholicism天主教10.Civilian平民11.Consumerism消费者保护主义12.Contributor贡献者13.Cubism立体派，立体主义14.East End伦敦东区15.Expo世博会16.未来主义futurism17.《吉尼斯世界记录大全》the Guinness Book of World Records18.头版新闻19.蜜月honeymoon20.犹大之吻a Judas kiss21.垃圾文化22.迷惘的一代The Lost Generation23.手···（忘了）24.人力资源Human Resources25.香格里拉Shangri-La北京大学2014年翻译硕士MTI真题与答案I.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviations or terminology into their target language respectively.(30scores;30 minutes)育明教育官方网站：21,房地产市场2,侨务政策3，办实事4,秉公办事5,分包商6,北京通7，从善如流8,留后劲9,常青藤名校10,有线电视11,跑调12,假唱13，选修课14,学术不端行为15,王室效应1.Futurology2.Backboard3.Broad jump4.Virus buster5.Clone6.Good Friday育明教育官方网站：37.Penalty Kick8.DINK9.Cannes Film Festival10.Trench coat11.High fashion12.Diaper diplomacy13.Magical/magic realism14.Security hole15.Black box历年英语笔译录取分数线2011年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：505085903202012年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：505090903252013年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：505090903452014年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：505090903302015年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：506090903402016年北大英语笔译方向录取分数线：50559090305育明专业解析：根据历年的分数线可以看出，往年的分数线都是330-340左右，但是看到16年的分数线较前几年的低，本宝进行一点总结，许多的考生因为单科不过线，导致于单科就过不了；是因为16年考试题型发生了调整变化；应该也是根据报考的人数及招生人数，划定是分数线，所以会跟前几年有一个变动和出入，所以要考本育明教育官方网站：4专业，我觉着还是得考在340分左右；再者是北大作为名校，它的考试本就比较难，所以不是本专业或者跨考的考研党们得做好心理准备或者是要有足够的定力去坚持到底。

2012年武大翻译硕士真题回忆基础英语20道选择，单词基本不认识，基本都是专八的高阶词汇吧。

10，11两年真题都是从专四上抄的，选择题很难。

然后是改错。

阅读是3+1的模式，问题个数分别为4+4+7+5，每题两分，文章都不是很长，但选项迷惑性强。

作文discuss the possibility and impossibility of thetransference from one profession to another 400+翻译基础localization , ATA, APEC ,MT, budget deficit, translationtransference,microblog，price ceilings,performanceappraisal, Money laundering ,full refund住房公积金，房奴，国际评级机构，实体经济，债权人,不可抗力,政府采购英译汉多读名著啊，材料选自《秘密花园》，不过这篇比较简单，生词不多When Mary Lennox was sent to Misselthwaite Manor to live with heruncle,everybody said she was the most disagreeable-looking child ever seen. Itwas true,too. She had a little thin face and a little thin body,thin light hairand a sour expression. Her hair was yellow,and her face was yellow because shehad been born in Indiaand had always been ill in one way or another. Her father had held a positionunder the English Government and had always been busy and ill himself,and hermother had been a great beauty who cared only to go to parties and amuseherself with gay people. She had not wanted a little girl at all,and when Marywas born she handed her over to the care of an Ayah,who was made to understandthat if she wished to please the Mem Sahib she must keep the child out of sightas much as possible. So when she was a sickly,fretful,ugly little baby she waskept out of the way,and when she became a sickly,fretful,toddling thing she waskept out of the way also. She never remembered seeing familiarly anything butthe dark faces of her Ayah and the other native servants,and as they alwaysobeyed her and gave her her own way in everything,because the Mem Sahib wouldbe angry if she was disturbed by her crying,by the time she was six years oldshe was as tyrannical and selfish a little pig as ever lived. The young Englishgoverness who came to teach her to read and write disliked her so much that shegave up her place in three months,and when other governesses came to try tofill it they always went away in a shorter time than the first one. So if Maryhad not chosen to really want to know how to read books she would never havelearned her letters at all.汉译英时事财经类的，英国经济衰退，成为最不适宜居住地方，人们的担忧，欧元区百科与写作选择10个10分岁寒三友和四君子是几种植物；美国独立宣言谁起草的；美英转折战争发生在；那一项是不可能发生的，abcd四个选项，其实就是考一些科技发明的时间；古代一哲学家一个观点，问是谁说；一个研究农业的古人，写了哪本书等等填空10个，每个2分。

西南大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2012年(总分：150.00，做题时间：180分钟)Ⅰplaint book（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(投诉书 )解析：2.inheritance tax（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(遗产税 )解析：3.value added tax（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(增值税)解析：4.summit meeting（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(首脑会议 )解析：5.sweet milk（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(甜牛奶 )解析：6.a good sailor（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(不会晕船 )解析：7.eurozone（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(欧元区 )解析：8.emergency exit（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(紧急出口 )解析：9.contact lenses（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(隐形眼镜 )解析：10.European Central Bank（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(欧洲央行 )解析：11.UN Security Council（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(联合国安理会)解析：12.ASEAN（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(东盟(东南亚国家联盟)(Association of Southeast Asian Nations) )解析：13.UNESCO（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization) ) 解析：14.IMF（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(国际货币基金组织(International Monetary Fund) )解析：15.ADB（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(亚洲开发银行(Asian Development Bank))解析：Ⅱ16.零排放（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(zero emission )解析：17.油漆未干（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(wet paint )解析：18.部长级会议（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(ministerial conference )解析：19.公务员（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(civil servants )解析：20.居民消费价格指数（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(the consumer price index )解析：21.福利彩票（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(welfare lottery )解析：22.液晶显示屏（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(liquid crystal display )解析：23.医疗保险（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(medical insurance )解析：24.义务教育（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(compulsory education )解析：25.战略伙伴关系（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(strategic partnership )解析：26.智囊团（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(think-tank )解析：27.中央商务区（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(central business district )解析：28.国家发改委（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(national development and reform commission )解析：29.《红楼梦》（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(Dream of Red Mansions )解析：30.武术（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(martial arts )解析：Ⅲ31. Our age is in many ways unique, full of events and phenomena which never occurred before and can never happen again. They distort our thinking, making us believe that what is true now will be true forever, though perhaps on a larger scale. Because we have annihilated distance on this planet, we imagine that we can do it once again. The facts are far otherwise, and we will see them clearly if we forget the present and turn our minds toward the past. To our ancestors, the vastness of the earth was a dominant fact controlling their thoughts and lives. In all earlier ages than ours, the world was wide indeed, and no man could ever see more than a tiny fraction of its immensity. A few hundred miles—a thousand, at the most—was infinity. Only a lifetime ago parents waved farewell to their emigrating children in the virtual certainty that they would never meet again. And now, within one incredible generation, all this has changed. Over the seas where Odysseus wandered for a decade, the Rome-Beiru comet (1) whispers its way within the hour. And above that, the closer satellites span the distance between Troy and Ithaca in less than a minute. Psychologically as well as physically, there are no longer any remote places on earth. When a friend leaves for what was once a far country, even if he has no intention of returning, we cannot feel that same sense of irrevocable separation that saddened our forefathers. We know that he is only hours away by jet liner, and that we have merely to reach for the telephone to hear his voice. In a few years, when the satellite communication network is established, we will be able to see friends on the far side of the earth as easily as we talk to them on the other side of the town. Then the world will shrink no more, for it will have become a dimensionless point. (From We'll Never Conquer Space written by Arthur Clarke in 1960) 注：(1)Rome-Beiru comet：罗马—贝鲁特彗星号飞机；(2)Troy：特洛伊；(3)Ithaca：阿提刻岛。

2012年湖北大学MTI真题（回忆版）政治 (1)翻译硕士英语 (1)英语翻译基础 (13)汉语写作与百科知识 (15)政治就不多说啦，主要写下大题题目。

1. 为什么说中国共产党是孙中山革命最忠实的继承者？2. 诚信与道德3. “碎花瓶理论“与电影剪辑相关的哲学4. 中国形象5. 收入分配调节冒死把其它几科题目抄到了准考证后，跟大家分享下吧！时间过得太久，阅读部分只记得主要相关的关键词了，呵呵。

有一篇文章开头是这么写的“The world bank is undeniably in crisis…”查了一下，来自Time杂志The World Bank's Real ProblemThursday, May 03, 2007The World Bank is undeniably in crisis. But not because its president, Paul Wolfowitz, got his girlfriend a raise.It is the Wolfowitz saga that has been grabbing all the headlines, of course. The Iraq-war architect was plucked from the Defense Department and deposited by President George W. Bush at the World Bank in 2005 (by tradition, the U.S. President picks the bank's chief). At the time, Wolfowitz informed the bank's ethics committee that he was seeing Shaha Riza, a communications adviser at the bank, and the in-house ethicists told him she should be moved to another agency and given a raise for her troubles. But the size of the pay hike (from $133,000 to $180,000, tax free) and other details about Riza's transfer raised hackles among bank staff and sparked an investigation. The bank's board will decide any day now whether Wolfowitz stays or goes.This dragged-out mess, though, is a distraction. The bigger issue is that the Washington-based bank and its sister organization, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), are struggling to justify their continued existence.The situation is most pressing for the smaller IMF, which pays its bills with the profits itmakes lending money to middle-income countries in financial trouble. With hardly any such countries in trouble these days, the organization is projecting a $224 million deficit for this fiscal year and asking its member nations if it can start selling off some of the gold they deposited with it after World War II (the answer so far: no).The World Bank isn't that desperate, but it faces similar pressures. Both organizations were created in 1944 by the soon-to-be-victorious Allied powers. At the time, says Harvard professor and former IMF chief economist Kenneth Rogoff, "global financial markets barely existed, and domestic financial markets barely existed in Europe."The World Bank's initial job was to finance reconstruction in Europe. The Marshall Plan rendered that task superfluous, so the bank--in the first of several reinventions--moved on to bankroll development in other countries. The idea was to lend to governments that were creditworthy but had no access to rich-country capital markets. "Now we live in a world where there are huge global capital markets, where, if anything, investors are too willing to invest in developing countries," says Adam Lerrick, a former investment banker who teaches economics at Carnegie Mellon University. The World Bank's net lending has plummeted over the past few years, even as it keeps shopping loans to the likes of Brazil, Turkey, Russia and China, sometimes on hugely generous terms.This is the work of the biggest part of the World Bank, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Member countries make deposits (the U.S. share is $2 billion down and $30 billion pledged); the bank sells bonds backed by those deposits and pledges, then lends the money out at a small profit. The other main arm of the World Bank, the International Development Association, gets regular infusions of cash from rich countries and lends funds on near giveaway terms to truly poor countries, mostly in Africa (the U.S. contribution is just under $1 billion a year, or 0.04% of federal spending).Lerrick wants the World Bank to stop lending to middle-income countries and restructure its loans to the poorest nations as outright grants. Nancy Birdsall, a former World Banker who runs a Washington think tank called the Center for Global Development, argues that the bank could have more impact on poverty by making better use of its best assets: the expertise of its staff and its ability to coordinate global action. "Lending and grantmaking at the country level should not be the end-all and be-all," she says. "It should be the vehicle for advice and constant rebuilding of the bank's knowledge." Birdsall is a World Bank fan but agrees with critics like Lerrick that it must become smaller (it has a staff of 10,000) and less banklike to remain relevant. Wolfowitz's allies say he is the victim of backlash from entrenched bank staff upset that he is turning up the heat on an anticorruption campaign begun by his predecessor, James Wolfensohn. That's probably overstating things. But the potential backlash against slashing the bank's staff and getting it out of lending would surely be epic. Which may explain why no World Bank president, Wolfowitz included, has attemptedit.回答问题第一篇是关于吉普赛人的（湖大就是把选择题改成回答了，考前备考时碰巧做过这篇，真是幸运，不过题目本身也不是很难），原文和答案如下：(Europe’s Gypsies, Are They a Nation?)The striving of countries in Central Europe to enter the European Union may offer an unprecedented chance to the continent’s Gypsies (or Roman) to be recognized as a nation, albeit one without a defined territory. And if they were to achieve that they might even seek some kind of formal place-at least a total population outnumbers that of many of the Union’s present and future countries. Some experts put the figure at 4m-plus; some proponents of Gypsy rights go as high as 15m.Unlike Jews, Gypsies have had no known ancestral land to hark back to. Though their language is related to Hindi, their territorial origins are misty. Romanian peasants held them to be born on the moon. Other Europeans (wrongly) thought them migrant Egyptians, hence the derivative Gypsy. Most probably they were itinerant metal workers and entertainers who drifted west from India in the 7th century.However, since communism in Central Europe collapsed a decade ago, the notion of Romanestan as a landless nation founded on Gypsy culture has gained ground. The International Romany Union, which says it stands for 10m Gypsies in more than 30 countries, is fostering the idea of “self-rallying”. It is trying to promote a standard and written form of the language; it waves a Gypsy flag (green with a wheel) when it lobbies in such places as the United Bations; and in July it held a congress in Prague, The Czech capital. Where President Vaclav Havel said that Gypsies in his own country and elsewhere should have a better deal.At the congress a Slovak-born lawyer, Emil Scuka, was elected president of the International Tomany Union. Later this month a group of elected Gypsy politicians, including members of parliament, mayors and local councilors from all over Europe (OSCE), to discuss how to persuade more Gypsies to get involved in politics.The International Romany Union is probably the most representative of the outfits that speak for Gypsies, but that is not saying a lot. Of the several hundred delegates who gathered at its congress, few were democratically elected; oddly, none came from Hungary, whose Gypsies are perhaps the world’s best organized, with some 450 Gypsy bodies advising l ocal councils there. The union did, however, announce its ambition to set up a parliament, but how it would actually be elected was left undecided.So far, the European Commission is wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation. The migh t, it is feared, open a Pandora’s box already containing Basques, Corsicans and other awkward peoples. Besides, acknowledging Gypsies as a nation might backfire, just when several countries, particularly Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic, are beginning to treat them better, in order to qualify for EU membership. “The EU’s whole premise is to overcome differences, not to highlight them,” says a nervous Eurocrat.But the idea that the Gypsies should win some kind of special recognition as Europe’s la rgest continent wide minority, and one with a terrible history of persecution, is catching on . Gypsies have suffered many pogroms over the centuries. In Romania, the country that still has the largest number of them (more than 1m), in the 19th century they were actually enslaved. Hitler tried to wipe them out, along with the Jews.“Gypsies deserve some space within European structures,” says Jan Marinus Wiersma, a Dutchman in the European Parliament who suggests that one of the current commissioners should be responsible for Gypsy affairs. Some prominent Gypsies say they should be more directly represented, perhaps with a quota in the European Parliament. That, they argue, might give them a boost. There are moves afoot to help them to get money for, among other things, a Gypsy university.One big snag is that Europe’s Gypsies are, in fact, extremely heterogeneous. They belong to many different, and often antagonistic, clans and tribes, with no common language or religion, Their self-proclaimed leaders have often proved quarrelsome and corrupt. Still, says, Dimitrina Petrova, head of the European Roma Rights Center in Budapest, Gypsies’ shared experience of suffering entitles them to talk of one nation; their potential unity, she says, stems from “being re garded as sub-human by most majorities in Europe.”And they have begun to be a bit more pragmatic. In Slovakia and Bulgaria, for instance, Gypsy political parties are trying to form electoral blocks that could win seats in parliament. In Macedonia, a Gypsy party already has some-and even runs a municipality. Nicholas Gheorge, an expert on Gypsy affairs at the OSCE, reckons that, spread over Central Europe, there are now about 20 Gypsy MPS and mayors, 400-odd local councilors, and a growing number of businessmen and intellectuals.That is far from saying that they have the people or the cash to forge a nation. But, with the Gypsy question on the EU’s agenda in Central Europe, they are making ground.1. The Best Title of this passage is[A]. Gypsies Want to Form a Nation. [B]. Are They a Nation.[C]. EU Is Afraid of Their Growth. [C]. They Are a Tribe2. Where are the most probable Gypsy territory origins?[A]. Most probably they drifted west from India in the 7th century.[B]. They are scattered everywhere in the world.[C]. Probably, they stemmed from Central Europe.[D]. They probably came from the International Romany Union.3. What does the International Romany lobby for?[A]. It lobbies for a demand to be accepted by such international organizations as EU and UN.[B]. It lobbies for a post in any international Romany Union.[C]. It lobbies for the right as a nation.[D]. It lobbies for a place in such international organizations as the EU or UN.4. Why is the Europe Commission wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation?[A]. It may open a Pandora’s Box.[B]. Encouragement may lead to some unexpected results.[C]. It fears that the Basgnes, Corsicans and other nations seeking separation may raise the same demand.[D]. Gyspsies’ demand may highlight the difference in the EU.5. The big problem lies in the fact that[A]. Gypsies belong to different and antagonistic clans and tribes without a common language or religion.[B]. Their leaders prove corrupt.[C]. Their potential unity stems from “being regarded as sub-human”.[D]. They are a bit more pragmatic.Vocabulary1. albeit 尽管，2. 虽然3. outnumber 数字上超过4. ethnic 少数民族的成员，5. 种族集团的成员6. Hindi 印地语7. misty 模糊不8. 清的，9. 朦胧的10. derivative 衍生的，11. 派生的12. itinerant 逻辑的13. Romanesten 说吉普塞语的地方Romanes 吉普塞语Stan 地方14. outfit （口）组织，15. （协同16. 工作）的集体17. local 地方（市，18. 镇，19. 县）政务委员会20. wary 谨慎的，21. 机警的22. backfire 产生出乎意料或事与愿违的结果23. highlight 强调24. persecution 迫害25. catch on 了解，26. 风行=to become popular27. pogrom 大屠杀，28. 集体迫害29. commissioner 委员，30. 调查团团员31. quota 定量，32. 配额，33. 限额34. snag （尖利突出物，35. 抽丝）潜在的困难36. heterogeneous 由不同37. 种类组成的38. antagonistic 有效对抗性的，39. 对抗性的40. clan 氏族41. tribe 部落42. pragmatic 务实的，43. 讲究实效的44. municipality 城市，45. 镇，46. 区属政府，47. 自治区48. Rom 罗姆，49. 即吉普塞人难句译注1. Central Europe 中欧，如本文提及捷克，匈牙利，罗马尼亚等。

招生专业：英语口译、英语笔译考试科目：汉语写作百科与百科知识试题种类：B卷考试时间：1月8日下午（请将答案写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上无效）第一部分百科知识（50分）请简要解释以下段落中划线部分的知识点。

1、唐代诗歌，盛极难继。

初唐时期，诗人中最著名的的当属“初唐四杰”，四杰的诗歌有的是五言、七言长篇，有的是五言律诗、五言绝句。

盛唐时期，有孟浩然和王维的山水田园诗，也有高适和岑参的边塞诗。

在盛唐、中唐时期，还出现了礼拜、杜甫、白居易的诗歌以及韩愈、柳宗元提倡的“古文运动”。

2、中国古代宗教信仰中，最为突出的是“三大崇拜”，它决定了中国古代宗教活动的形式。

封禅是古代宗教最隆重的形式，由帝王亲临。

在古人看来，中国大山以五岳为最，在五岳之中地位最高的山上祭拜，才算完成了天子就位的礼节。

在我国现有的宗教中，佛典佛偈等大量渗入社会生活，经过意义转化，成了一些人们常用的成语。

另外，在胜迹方面，还出现了佛家四大名山等佛教胜迹。

3、继猫王之后，60年代，又出现了一位摇滚歌手巨星：鲍勃·迪伦。

一时间，美国出现了许多的“摇滚歌手”。

“摇滚乐”伴随着民权运动、反战运动、嬉皮士运动的发展而发展，形成了美国文化生活中的一条独特风景线。

70年代中期，在美国又兴起了一种新型的舞蹈——迪斯科。

由于受到年轻人的青睐，旋即风行西方，传遍世界。

摇滚乐的摇与滚通过形体动作被表现的淋漓尽致。

4、苹果电脑风靡全球，其产品由台湾富士康公司在中国组装。

其中一款平板电脑，在美国的市场售价为499美元，生产成本259美元，对美国苹果公司而言，利润接近100%。

在259的成本里面，其中代工费是11.9美元，而富士康还要在这11.9美元里形成4美元的利润，剩下的7.9美元在整个499美元的售价里显然微乎其微，而且纵使如此，全国各地还在为争抢富士康公司在本地落户，为保证富士康的安全“着陆”，在土地方面给出这样那样的优惠条件。

土地租金很低、缺乏核心技术，是苹果产业链条中“中国制造”处于最低端的原因所在。

中山大学2012年翻译硕士考研真题及答案历年真题是最权威的，最直接了解各专业考研的复习资料，考生要重视和挖掘其潜在价值，尤其是现在正是冲刺复习阶段，模拟题和真题大家都要多练多总结，下面分享中山大学2012年翻译硕士考研真题及答案，方便考生使用。

中山大学2012年翻译硕士考研真题及答案I. Phrase Translation1. 中小企业: small and medium enterprises2. 洗钱：money laundering3. 人民币升值：appreciation of the RMB4. 次贷危机: Subprime mortgage crisis5. 水土流失: water and soil loss6. 贸易顺差: trade surplus7. 企业社会责任: Corporate Social Responsibility8. 主权信用评级: sovereign credit rating9. 贩卖人口: human trafficking10. 美国驻华大使: American Ambassador to China11. 温室效应: Green House Effect12. 投资回报率: Return On Investment13. 供应链: Supply Chain14. 劳动密集型产业: labor-intensive industry15. 防止核扩散条约: Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons; nuclear non-proliferation treaty16. capital chain: 资金链17. humanitarian intervention: 人道主义干涉18. credit facilities：信贷措施;信贷服务19. exclusive interview: 独家采访20. clean governance：廉洁从政;廉政21. poll：投票;民意测验;民意调查22. double-dip recession：双底衰退;二次衰退;双谷经济衰退22. the State Council：(中国)国务院23. debt limit：债务限额;债务上限;债务额度24. a Palestinian proposal to apply for statehood：巴基斯坦申请建国的提议;巴勒斯坦建国提案25. social security：社会保障;社会保险27. an earthquake of 9.0 magnitude on the Richter Scale：里氏9.0级地震28. a cease-fire agreement：停火协定;停战协定29. oil leak：漏油30. organizing committee：组织委员会II. Passage translationSection A English to ChineseAll parents damage their children. It cannot be helped. Youth, like a clean glass, absorbs the prints of its handlers. Some parents smudge, others crack, a few shatter childhoods completely into jagged little pieces, beyond repair. Parents rarely let go of their children, so children let go of them. They move on. They move away. The moments that used to define them—a mother’s approval, a father’s nod—are covered by moments of their own accomplishments. It is not until much later, as the skin sags and the heart weakens, that children understand: their stories, and all their accomplishments, sit atop the stories of their mothers and fathers, stones upon stones, beneath the waters of their lives.Through it all, despite it all, Eddie privately adored his old man, because sons will adore their fathers through even the worst behavior. It is how they learn devotion. Before he can devote himself to God or a woman, a boy will devote himself to his father, even foolishly, even beyond explanation.参考译文:所有的父母都会伤害孩子。