2. You will get little or no substitution between groups that are meta- to each other.
CH3 B r2, F e
OH
NHCOCH3 H N O 3, H 2S O 4
CH3 CHO
OCH3
C l2 , F e
CH3
4. Ar-H + X2, Fe Ar-X + HX 4. Friedel-Crafts alkylation
5. Ar-H + R-X, AlCl3 Ar-R + HX
Friedel-Crafts alkylation (variations) a) Ar-H + R-X, AlCl3 Ar-R + HX b) Ar-H + R-OH, H+ Ar-R + H2O c) c) Ar-H + Alkene, H+ Ar-R
Common substituent groups and their effect on EAS:
increasing reactivity
-NH2, -NHR, -NR2 -OH
-OR
-NHCOCH3 -C6H5 -R
-H
-X
-CHO, -COR
-SO3H -COOH, -COOR
-CN -NR3+ -NO2
CH3 S O 3H
CH3
CH3
Br +
Br
faster than the same reactions with benzene
nitrobenzene
NO2 HNO3 H 2S O 4