外研社英语必修四第一单元语法讲解及练习

重点单词详析：（1）alternative【原句回放】We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power.我们也将不得不更多地依赖替代来源，例如太阳能和风能。

【点拨】alternative adj. 替换的；供选择的；n. 可供选择的事物have no alternative/choice but to do别无选择只能……alternative ways 可供选择的方法Do you have an alternative solution to the problem?你有没有别的办法来解决这个问题？【拓展】alternatively adv. 二者择一地alternative, choice区别：alternative意为“取舍，抉择”，一般指从两者中选择一个，只限办法、打算，而不能指具体的事物。

choice意为“选择”，强调自由的选择，不管选择方式及对象的多少。

We had no alternative/choice but to fire him. 我们别无他法，只能辞退了他。

What influenced you most in your choice of career?在你选择职业时对你影响最大的是什么？（2）load【原句回放】To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials…为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰，城市将会用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料……【点拨】load n. 负荷；重担；装载量；v. 装(载) ；使担负load…into 把……装进load…with 给……装上/加上be loaded with装载有，负担有be/take a load off sb.’s mind 心上的石头落地，使……如释重负The good news has taken a load off my mind. 听了这条好消息我就放心了。

学习必蚤一—JOVM将来进行时的讲解及练习1•一般将来时是指将来某个时间将要发生的动作和状态，基本结构是:主语+will/be going to do如1:1 wil/am goning to Beijing next Sunday.我下个星期天将要去北京。

2.将来进行时是指将来某个时间正在进行的动作。

基本结构是:主语+will be/be going to be +doing如:I will be sleeping at 12:00p.m.十二点的时候我将在睡觉。

I will be studying in university at the age of 20.我20 岁的时候我将会在大学里学习。

一、将来进行时用来表示在将来的某一个时间正在进行的动作%1下个星期的这时候，我们将在那个工厂劳动•This time next week we shall be working in that factory.%1明天下午三点，我们将正在开会.We'll be having a meeting at three o'clock tomorrow afternoon.%1你将什么时候见怀特先生（语气较委婉客气，下属对上司When will you be seeing Mr. White%1今天晚上七点，学生们将正在看电视•The students will be watching TV at seven this evening.二、将来进行时主要表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时刻开始，并继续下去的动作。

常用来表示礼貌的询问，请求等。

例如：IThis time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.用法:强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情•伤!] :Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time ・别担心，你不会认不出她的.她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙.例:This time tomorrow you _________ there doing some more exercises.A will sitB will be sittingC sitD shall sit答案是B.因为this time tomorrow是个很具体的将来时间.三、将来进行时用来表示不含意图又未发生的动作注意：将来进行时不用于表示”意志",不能说I'll be having a talk with her.I will be helping Mary tomorrow.明天我帮玛丽干活.这不表示说话人已安排好要帮助玛丽或者想帮助她.这个句子仅仅说明这一动作将要发生.将来进行时的这%1.表示委塑的请求When shall we be meeting again?五、与现在进行时态的区别现在进行时表示一种经过考虑的，将来要进行的动作，而将来进行时通常表示正常过程中会发生的动作，因此将来进行时不如现在进行时那样肯定，比后者偶然碎亜大一些•I am seeing Tom tomorrow.明天我要和汤姆见面.学习必蚤一—JOVMI'll be seeing Tom tomorrow.明天我会见到汤姆.第一句意指汤姆或说话人已经特意安排了这次会面，而第二句则意指汤姆和说话人将在通常进程中见面（也许他们在一起工作.不过这种差别并不是在任何情况下都很重要，而且常常两者都可以使用•现在进行时用于表示最近将来的动作时，必须有确定的时间，而将来进行时可以和确定的时间状语连用，也可以不连用•它既可以表示最近将来的动作，也可以表示较远将来的动作.可以说：1I am meeting him tomorrow.我明天和他会面.I'll be meeting him tomorrow/next year/some time/.我明天 / 明年 /某时将与他会面.六、与一般将来时态的区别将来进行时通常表示的是对将来事实的简单陈述.而will+V.（一般将来时除表示时间概念外，还带有感情色彩.e.g.汤姆明天将正在割草.Tom will be cutting grass tomorrow.汤姆明天愿意割草.Tom will cut the grass tomorrow.将来进行时专项练习一、单项填空1. The Blacks with us for the time being.A. will stayB. would stayC. have been stayingD. will be staying2. The plane at the present speed until it crosses the mountain at about ten tonight.A. would goB. wentC. will be goingD. goes3.Mr. Smith will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because ________ then.A. he must have a classB. he will be teaching a classC. he teaches a classD. he will have been teaching a class4.1won't be able to watch the concert on TV tonight because I homework at that time.A. shall have doneB. shall be doingC. shall doD. have been doing5.1_____ m y boss at three this afternoon.A. shall be picking upB. shall be pickedC. shall have been picking upD. shall have picked 6. You can't miss Frank. He _______ a dark green suit and a yellow tie waiting for you.A. is wearingB. will wearC. wearsD. will be wearing7.——Could you give these books to Mr. Black?——Absolutely, ______ him at five o9clock this afternoon.A.I will have a talkB. I have a talk withC.I can have a talk withD.I will be havinga talk with 8. Fm afraid I won't be available then. I ________ a friend off at three this afternoon.A. seeB. am seeingC. will seeD. will be seeing9.___________________________________ Next Friday I will go to another concert .They _________________________________ some thing by Mozart at that time.A. playB. will be playingC. are going to playD. are to play.10.—What are you doing, Jack?—Make a model plane. I _____ it in the science class at 10 o9clock tomorrow morning.A. will be showingB. am going to showC. showD. have showed11.We ____ a debate on some environmental issues all afternoon tomorrow.A. will be havingB. am havingC. am going to haveD. have12.What do you think you _____ at this time next year?A .will do B. will be doing C. are about to do D. do13.—What will you do tomorrow evening?—I _____ m y favorite program between 8 and 11, then I will go out to drink in my usual bar.A. will watchB. am about to watchC. will be watchingD. am watching14.—When will you come to see me, Dad?—I will go to see you when you _____ the training course.A. will have finishedB. will be finishingC. are finishingD. finish215.Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend, up in no time.A. to standB. standingC. stoodD. would stand16.1_______ v ery happy if I could be of some service to you.A. would beB. have beenC. must beD. can be17.The meeting was to at 9 o9clock but the manager until twenty minutes later.A. start; didn't turn upB. have started; didn't turn upC. start; hadn't turned upD. be started; hadn't turned up18.——he come to see you?——Of course, please. And I'd rather heA . Will; informB ・ Shall; toldC . Should; would sayD . Can; spoke19.If the building project ____ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company ______ fined. A. will be completed; is to be B. to be completed; will beC. being completed; will beD. completed; was20.——I rang you at about ten, but no one answered the phone.——Oh, that was probably when I _______ my neighbor.A. visitedB. was going to visitC. was visitingD. had visited21.Because I the next day, I went to bed early on Saturday evening.A. was leavingB. will leaveC. had leftD. was about to leave22.——Henry, fancy meeting you here.——Oh, ifs you Jack. Sorry, I ______ you _______ to me.A. didn't think; were speakingB. don't think; spokeC. didn't think; would speakD. thought; are speaking23.By next summer John in this factory for thirteen years.A . has been workingB . will have been workingC . will be workingD . has worked24.He will have learned English for eight years by the time he ____________ from the university next year. A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate25.1______________ the office when the telephone rang.A. was about to leaveB. would leaveC. leftD. was to leave26.According to their agreement reached in 1943, no country _____________ peace with Germany alone. A. is to make B. was to make C. would make D. was about to make27.He promised me if we ______ the game, he __________ us a round of drink.A. win; will buyB. would win; would buyC. won; boughtD. won; would buy28.He said time and time again that he __________ , but he actually stayed well after midnight.A. is leavingB. was leavingC. was to leaveD. will leave29.——Mom, I got the first prize in the spelling contest.——Oh, how great! Daddy will be so proud of you. He _____ you _______ t o win.A. never think; are goingB. never thought; were goingC. didn't think; were goingD. hadn't thought; were going30.Tom ______ to Jerry and tell him about his new school at once.A. will writeB. writesC. wroteD. writes3二、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.He _________ (lie on one of the sunny beaches in Hawaii all day when hespends his holiday there.2.Don't call me between 2:00 and 4:00 this afternoon. I __________ (have an test then.3.Nobody knew what _______ (happen to the Earth in a century9s time.4.Mr. Lee said he would give the CD to me as soon as he ________ (return from Canada.5.When we were young, father ________ (take us for a special treat on Mother's day.6.——Did you invite Sarah to your birthday party?——Sorry, I forget. I ______ (call her now.7.You have to put in more effort if you were __________ (pass the test.8.1_________ (tell you about my plan, but you stopped me before I could speak.9.Will you _________ (use your computer this time tomorrow?10.1 _________ (close the kitchen door when a little mouse popped its head out.三、中译英学习必蚤一—JOVM1.我正打算往河里跳时看见水里出现一条蛇。

Unit1 LookingforwardsSectionA Startingout&UnderstandingideasA级必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.The (侦探) followed the footprints to find the thief.2.All memory of his (童年时期) has faded from his mind.3.Kevin kicked the ball so hard that it flew up,higher and higher,until it was a small (点) in the sky.4.Like Davila Miura,many people believe that (斗牛) is not a sport but a kind of art.5.Small builders cannot see their way clear to take on many (实习生).6.The boy lost his balance and fell (向后),falling into the river.7.There is still an (巨大的) amount of work to be done.8.We (遭遇) a number of difficulties in the first week.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.They longed (escape) from the rush of city life,so they moved to the countryside.2.In addition to feeding his family,he has been devoting himself improving the quality of homeless people’s life for years.3.We were forced (run) away,but suddenly we saw something lying on our way home.4. desperation,they gave up resistance and surrendered.5.According to a recent survey,many children are anxious or depressed great pressure from their parents and school.Ⅲ.完成句子1.一听到开始的信号,我们一路跑到南山脚下。

必修4第1模块知识辅导重点单词【词条1】load【课文原句】To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun,…(Page 2)【点拨】该句意为“为解决垃圾问题，城里人将会把废物装进巨大的宇宙飞船，把这些废物送往太阳……”。

其中load意为“装载”，通常与with搭配，loa d …with…意为“把……装进……”。

如：The tractor was loaded with grain.【拓展】与load…with…结构相同的动词还有：fill…with…把……装进……；equip…with…用……装配；cover…with用……覆盖。

如：Please cover the desk with a new table clothes.We should equip ourselves with broad knowledge.【词条2】certain【课文原句】But one thing is certain —they are going to get bigger before they get smaller.（Page 2）【点拨】该句意为“但有一件事是可以肯定的—它们将会先变大，然后再变小”。

其中，certain 意为“无疑的，确定的”，后跟of / about / to do sth. 或that从句，这时certain相当于sure。

如：Are you cert ain that you’ll get there in time?S he’s certain to do well in the examination.We are certain of winning the game.【拓展】在“It is certain that …”结构中，不能换成sure，只能用certain。

No matter+疑问词”结构用法疑难解析no matter常与疑问代词或疑问副词一起构成连词词组引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……，无论……”，是高考的高频考点之一，在运用时应注意以下几点：一、注意从句的时态由no matter what/who/where/when…引导的从句往往用一般现在时或一般过去时。

如：No matter who you are, you must obey the rules. 无论你是谁，都应该遵守规则。

二、注意被修饰的名词、形容词以及副词的位置1.no matter what/whose/which修饰名词时，该名词必须紧跟其后；2.no matter how修饰形容词或副词时，该形容词或副词也必须紧跟其后。

如：No matter how hard he works, he find it difficult to make ends meet. 无论他多么努力工作，却总是入不敷出。

三、注意“no matter+疑问词”结构与“疑问词+ever”在用法上的区别1. “no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，这时可以和“疑问词+ever”互换。

如：No matter where he may be （=Wherever he may be）, he will be happy. 他无论在什么地方都快乐。

2. 而“疑问词+ever”还可以引导名词性从句。

如：Give this book to whoever likes it. 谁喜欢这本书就给谁吧。

（这里不能用no matter who。

）3.1)whoever既可引导名词性从句，又有在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等；2)whomever也可引导名词性从句，但只能在从句中作宾语。

如：You may invite whomever you like.4. whatever表示“无论什么”，没有一定的范围限制；whichever表示“无论哪一个、无论哪些”，其后可接一个名词。

单元语法总结将来进行时形式shall/will+be+现在分词意义表示将来某一时间内正在进行的动作、预料要发生的或即将发生的动作。

用法例句1）表示将来某一时刻或某段时间内发生的动作，常与特定的将来时间状语连用。

I’ll be doing my homework at 9 o’clock tonight.今晚9点钟我会在做作业。

2）表示已经决定或安排好的要发生的动作或事情。

You needn’t cook supper，Mum.I shall be cooking dinner tonight.妈妈，不用做晚饭了。

今晚的饭我来做。

3）表示亲切和客气的语气。

I shall be thinking of you.我会想你的。

4）表示人们确信某事肯定会发生。

When I arrive at the airport,my whole family will be waiting for me.全家人都会来机场迎接我。

5）表示预测或希望某事会发生。

When I get home,my wife will probably be watching TV.到家时，我太太大概在看电视。

6）用于询问别人的安排，特别是当你想得到别人帮助的时候。

Will you be passing the post office when you’re out?你出去的时候会不会经过邮局？一般将来时、将来进行时和现在进行时的用法比较时态形式用法例句一般将来时be goingto表示“决定、打算要做什么事，或有迹象表明将要发生、可能会出现什么情况”，有时可以表示建议或询问。

I am going to buy a new coatthis winter.今年冬天我打算买一件新大衣。

will表示说话人认为、希望或假定要发生的事，不含任何具体时间，可指遥远的未来。

I believe China will becomeone of the richest countries inthe world.我相信中国将成为世界上最表示计划、安排或征求意见。

精编外研版必修四m o d u l e1知识与练习(总7页)-本页仅作为预览文档封面，使用时请删除本页-Ⅰ.单词荟萃1. _______vt. 预测，预言→__________n. 预测→predictable adj. 可预言的，可预报的2. ____adj.危险的；冒险的→risk vt.&n.冒险3. ____vi. 依赖；依靠→_______adj. 可靠的→reliability n. 可靠性4．load vt. 装载n. 装载量；负担→_______v．卸货→_________v. 下载5. ______vt. 供给动力n. 动力，能力，权力→powered adj. 用动力推动的，有动力装置的→_________adj. 有力的；有功效的6. _________n．失去能力；伤残→disabled adj.残疾的7. _________adv.无疑地；确定地→definite adj. 明确的，一定的8. _________adv.最后；终于→eventual adj. 最后的，最终的Ⅱ.短语检测1．确切地；肯定地2．自然资源3．用完；耗尽4．依赖；依靠5．替代性能源6．除掉；处理掉7．免费8．履行；实施；执行9．被附在/粘在10. 小心；当心11. 即将被淘汰；即将过时12. 作为开始；首先；第一点for surenatural resources run out/use up rely on alternative energy get rid offree of charge carry outbe attached to look out/be careful on the way out for a startⅢ.佳句再现1．No one knows _______, and _________________ is a risky business. 谁也说不准，并且猜测也是件冒险的事。

Unit 1 Looking forwards词汇积累①comfortably ad v.舒适地comfortable adj.舒服的comfort n．安逸；安慰②fall into a deep sleep进入深度睡眠fall asleep入睡③wonder v．想知道；弄明白；诧异It is no wonder that...难怪……④issue n．问题be at issue是讨论的焦点⑤in the face of＝be faced with 面对……⑥take action＝take measures采取行动⑦in place 准备就绪⑧guarantee n．保证be under guarantee 在保修期内⑨in this respect在这个方面⑩illustrate(用示例、图画等)说明，解释⑪ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的⑫unfolded v．(使)展开；打开；(使)逐渐展现；展示；透露⑬single-minded adj.一心一意的；专心致志的⑭correspondent n．记者；通讯员；通信者⑮inform v．提供素材⑯be based on 以……为基础⑰by contrast相比之下；与……相反⑱originally ad v.原来；起初original adj.起初的⑲compared to 和……相比⑳be known for...因为……而出名be known as...作为……而出名○21interestingly ad v.有趣地是○22household adj.家喻户晓的○23devote oneself to专心从事(研究)○24long to do sth.渴望做某事long for sth.渴望某物○25get enough of足够，充分；对……腻烦○26in desperation 绝望；在走投无路的情况下○27focus on 关注，聚焦于○28under immense pressure在巨大的压力之下○29be forced to do sth.被迫做某事○30well ad v.很；相当；大大地；远远地○31not necessarily 未必○32turn out(以某种方式)发生；最后是；结果是○33encounter v．遭遇，遇到(尤指令人不快或困难的事)○34innovator n．革新者；创新者○35dot n．点，小圆点1．ambition n．追求，理想→ambitious adj.具有雄心抱负的2．train v．训练，培训→trainee n．接受工作培训的人；实习生→training n．培训3．detect v．侦探；发现→detective n．私家侦探4．ultimate adj.最后的；最终的→ultimately ad v.最后，最终5．boy n．男孩→boyhood n．(男性的)童年时期，少年时代1．issue n．问题，论点；担忧；发行；发行物；期号v.发行；公布；配给①If you have any issues，please call this number. n.担忧②This is a big issue；we need more time to think about it. n.问题③The article appeared in issue 25. n.期号④They issued a joint statement denying the charges. v.公布⑤They issued a special set of stamps to mark the occasion. v.发行⑥They issued rifles to the soldier. v.配给2．ultimately ad v.最后，最终；最基本地，根本上①Ultimately，you'll have to make the decision yourself. 最后②All life depends ultimately on oxygen. 归根到底Words and Phrases知识要点1comfortably ad v.舒适地[教材P2]One moment，we are lying comfortably in bed，about to fall into a deep sleep.某一刻，我们舒舒服服地躺在床上，快要睡着了。

可编辑修改精选全文完整版外研版高一必修4知识点归纳Unit 1 Life in the Future重点词汇：alternative; arrest; brick; concrete; criminal; disability; entertainment 重点短语in the future 将来care for 照顾；关心plenty of 大量的think about考虑instead of 代替be able to能够attach to连接到；附属于have an accident 发生意外；出事故for a start开始on the way out 在路上a few of一些be made of由…制成throw away扔掉；丢弃for sure确定place an order 排列顺序语言点用法过关1. alternative adj. 替换的，可供选择的（二者中）选择其一的考点归纳(1) alternative energy 替代能源alternative ways 可供选择的方法(2) have no alternative but to do 除……别无选择as an alternative 作为一种变通的方法alternative to ……的替代物辨析：alternative 强调必须从两或多个中选一个choice 强调自由选择，不论选择的方式多或少preference 强调按自己喜欢的方式进行选择2. run out用完；耗尽考点归纳run after 追求；追赶run at 冲向；突袭run away 逃走；逃跑run into 偶然遇见；撞上；陷入3. rely on依赖；依靠考点归纳rely on/ upon s./ 依赖/依靠rely on sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事rely on it that…相信……指望……辨析rely on 强调凭借经验判断是否可以相信或依赖，侧重于从人品、感情方面的依赖、信赖。

单元知识点总结alternative adj.替换的；供选择的n . 可能性【巧记提示】alter（改变）+native（本土的），改变本土的。

【经典例句】The alternative means of getting there is by ship.另一种到达那儿的方法就是乘船。

【考点聚焦】1）近义词：choice n.选择2）常用词组：have no alternative/choice but to do sth.除了做……之外别无选择prediction n. 预言；预告n.预测【巧记提示】pre（事先）+dict（命令）+ion(名词后缀)【经典例句】He likes making predictions.他喜欢预测。

【考点聚焦】1）同根词：predict v. 预测；predictor n. 进行预测或预报的人2）同义词：forecast n.预测3）常用词组：make a prediction或make predictions 作预测risky [r I sk I] adj.危险的;冒险的【巧记提示】risk（冒险）+y（形容词后缀）【经典例句】Sailing across the Atlantic alone is a risky thing.独自一人航行穿越大西洋是一件冒险的事。

【考点聚焦】1）同义词：dangerous adj. 危险的2）risk作动词时，后接名词或动名词，但不能接动词不定式。

3）常用词组：at one’s own risk自担风险(同意不要求赔偿损失、损害等)at the risk of(doing sth.) 冒(做某事)的危险resource n.资源【巧记提示】re-（再；又）+source（来源；出处）【经典例句】China is rich in natural resources.中国自然资源丰富。

【考点聚焦】1）易混词：source n.来源；出处2）通常用其复数形式resources。

(完整版)高中英语必修四知识点外研版必修四Module1⒈倒装句(1). all, both, every, everyone, everything 与not 连用时，表示部分否定。

(2). none, no( nobody, nothing) ,neither等词可表达全部否定。

①马路的两侧都没有植树。

There are no trees on both sides of the road.⒉shapebe in bad/good shape 事情还处于混乱/有序状态,健康事情(别)佳; take shape成形,有显著进展;in the shape of 以...的形状[形式] out of shape变[走]样,别成模样躯体别舒畅, 生病;⒊runrun across 偶然发觉,偶然碰到; run into偶然遇见，偶然发觉,与…相撞 in the long run/term从长远看，从最后结果来看;in the short run 在别远的未来run out= give out耗尽，用光(vi.) / run out of = use up (vt.)⒋relyrely/depend on/upon (sb/sth to do sth) 依赖,信任,信赖rely on it that……盼望……【拓展】depend on/upon依赖; 由...而定, 取决于;That (all)depends. =It all depends. [口]要看事情而定类似功能单词--- like/ hate/ appreciate/ see to (it) that确保；确定⒌attachattach sth to sth把…系/缚在…; attach importance to sth 重视be attached to sb/sth依恋，留恋，爱慕某人/事物⒌charge n. 费用, 主管v. 收费(1).charge sb money for sth/ doing sth为……收某人钞票(sb.) take charge of 负责，治理……(v.) (sb. +be) in charge of(prep.) (sth. +be) in the charge of sb. 由…负责，治理free of charge 免费(2).charge sb with sth 因某事控告某人==accuse sb. of sth.⒍commandcommand/order sb to do sthcommand/order (that) sb (should) do sth（____v__? + that … (从句用should+v原形)一坚持要求：insist；二命令：order, command; 三建议：suggest(建议), propose, advise; 四请求：demand，desire, request, require）⒍未来举行时由“will / shall + be + doing”构成，具体用法如下：(1) 表示未来某时间或某段时刻正在举行的动作。