初中英语从句（全）
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初中英语从句（全）
名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
宾语从句1.语述问题跟随陈述语序如：They want to know where he was born.
What is wrong with you = what is the matter with you
这个句⼦不变语序。I just wander what it is that makes him so excited.
如果主语是现在时态，从句的时态可以根据实际情况⽽定
2.时态
（tense）She tells me that she w ill come tomorrow.
She tells me that she w on the first prize yesterday.
主语为过去时态，从句的时态⼀定要⽤相对应的过去的某种
时态。She told me she w ould won the first prize next year.(过去将来时
She told me she h ad been in Beijing for 3 years.（过去完成时）?从句为客观真理、定义、公理、定理时，⽤⼀般现在时
The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun.
3.连词 1.that:在句⼦中不作为成分的时候，可以省略。
但是有些情况下that不能省略：
当动词后，宾语从句不⽌⼀个时，第⼆个起that不能省略。They know (that) he was honest and that he had no money.
当that从句被短语或者词组与谓语动词分开时不能省略。I noticed ，for the first time, that our teacher was wearing a hat.
It 作形式宾语，that 从句做真正宾语时
He finds it necessary that he should learn foreign languages.
在wonder/doubt/be sure /certain 之后不能省略I wander that he failed.（我很惊讶他失败了）
2.where和if之间的区别
I don’t know
whether or not we will have an examination this week.
whether/if we will have an examination or not this week.
I don’t know
介词后⾯的宾语从句不能⽤if
当whether 后⾯紧跟着or not 时只能⽤whether.在动词discuss /doubt后⾯只能⽤whether.They are discussing whether the meeting should be held.
3.what引导
The modern city was beautiful in what was a waste land ten years
ago.
4.否定转移由think ,believe ,imagine ,suppose等词引导的时候，要将宾语从
句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。5.例句We must pay attention to (A) makes mistakes.
A.whoever
B.whomever
C.no matter who
D.no matter whom
表语从句1.可以连接表语从句的系动词有be，look ,feel ,sound ,seem ,spear.
2.that 在表语从句中没有任何意义，但是不能省略。
The reason is that……．
3.在表语从句中不能⽤if作为连词。但是可以⽤whether和as if 引导。The question is w hether he is able to do it .
It looks as if it would rain.(使⽤了虚拟语⽓)
4.it is/was because +原因
It is because the weather was bad.
5.it is/ was why +结果
It is why he was failed.
6.特殊的表语从句
Jane is no longer what she was four years ago.
主语从句主语从句中that不能省略。
1.常⽤句型It’s a pity that……．
likely/possible that……
It’ｓ
It seems/happened/spears that…..
It is said/known/believed/hope that……
that God created the people.
2.例句It‘s believed
Whether God created the world remains to be seem.
同位语从句1.定义当两个指向同⼀事物的句⼦成分放在同等位置时，⼀个句⼦成分可被⽤来说明或解释另⼀个句⼦，后者就叫前者的同位语。you and me go for a walk.
Let’ｓ
2.标志词Fact, idea ,news ,question ,saying ,possibility ,truth ,belief ,hope
promise ,suggestion ,advice
He got the news from Mary that the meeting was put off.
I have no idea a t all where they are spending their holidays.
有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后⾯，⽽是被别
的词隔开。3.连接词 1.that（不能省）
The idea that the earth is around is not a new one.
2.thether
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.
3.疑问词
Next comes the questions w hat you want to put in the box.
Nobody can explain the mystery w hy he suddenly disappeared.
My question how I shall get in touch with him has not been
answered.
其他从句还有定语从句(关键)，状语从句。
定语从句：
⼀、结构
先⾏词+关系词+从句
⼆、关系词
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词
关系代词：that ，which ，who ,whom ,whose
关系副词：where (=in/on/at which) ，why (= for which) ,when (=in/on which)
例句：1. The man who/that is standing here is Tom.
2.The man t hat/who/whom/或者省略he is talking to is Tom.
3. The man to whom he is talking is Tom.(介词后必须加宾格并且不能省略)
4. The man , w hose father is a teacher went abroad.
5.The man ,the father of whom is a teacher went abroad.
6.The man, o f whom the father is a teacher went abroad.
总结：……., whose +n…．和….., t he n of which(指物)/whom(指⼈)…以及…, of which/whom the n 这三个句型可以相互转换。
三、只能⽤that不能⽤which的情况1.既有⼈⼜有物：the teachers and the schools that…．
2.有不定代词或者有不定代词修饰时：
I will tell you everything that…．
I will tell you all the things that…．
3.最⾼级修饰或者序数词修饰时：
The most beautiful flowers that…．
The first man that…
4.避免重复
Who is the man that is standing here?
Which is the book that I like?
5.有only/very/just then 修饰时
He is the only one that/who is fit for …
This is the only book that I want to buy.
6.先⾏词充当表语时
that he used to be.(定语从句，先⾏词boy在句⼦中作为表Tom isn’t the boy
语)what he used to be.(表语从句)
Tom isn’t
四、只⽤which不能⽤that的情况1.⾮限制性定语从句（⽤逗号隔开的⼀般是⾮限制性定语从句）
These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit.
2.介词后⽤which
There are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new.
3.避免重复
The clock is that which tells the time.
五、只⽤who不⽤that1.先⾏词为指⼈的代词：those , all ,one ,ones ,someone ,anyone ,no one
Those who win the game will get the prize.
All who went there spoke highly of the park.
2.there be 中先⾏词为⼈是只⽤who
There is an old man who wants to see you.
六、特殊的关系词as1.as 引导限制性定语从句时，⼀定充当主语或宾语或者表语。
She wear the same coat as her sister usually does.
It is such an interesting film as we all like to see.(定语从句不完整，as充当宾语)
