2005年6月18日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷

2005年1月8日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷(B卷)Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each Conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish by 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correctanswer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1.A) Furnished apartments will cost more.B) The apartment can be furnished easily.C) She can provide the man with the apartment he needs.D) The apartment is just what the man is looking for.（C）2.A) He quite agrees with Mr. Johnson’s views.B) Mr. Johnson’s ideas are nonsense.C) Mr. Johnson is good at expressing his ideas.D) He shares the woman’s views on social welfare.（A）3.A) Avoid distractions while studying in her dorm.B) Improve her grades gradually.C) Change the conditions of her dorm.D) Study in a quiet place.（D）4.A) It will be held in a different place,B) It has been put off.C) It has been cancelled.D) It will be rescheduled to attract more participants.（B）5.A) Janet is very much interested in architecture.B) Janet admires the Sydney Opera House very much.C) Janet thinks it’s a shame for anyone not to visit Australia.D) Janet loves the beautiful landscape of Australia very much.（B）6.A) It falls short of her supervisor’s expectations.B) It has drawn criticism from lots of people.C) It can be finished in a few weeks’ time.D) It is based on a lot of research.（A）7.A) Karen is sure to pass the interview.B) He knows Karen better now.C) Karen is very forgetful.D) The woman should have reminded Karen earlier.（C）8.A) Skip the class to prepare for the exam.B) Tell the professor she’s lost her voice.C) Attend the lecture with the man.D) Ask Joe to apologize to the professor for her.（A）9.A) The woman is working in a kindergarten.B) The man will go in for business fight after high school.C) The woman is not happy with the man’s decision.D) The man wants to be a business manager.（D）10.A) They are busy all the year round.B) They stay closed until summer comes.C) They cater chiefly to tourists.D) They provide quality service to their customers.（C）Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.A) Boss and secretary.B) PR representative and client.C) Classmates.D) Colleagues.（C）12.A) He thought the boss was unfair to him.B) His clients complained about his service.C) He felt his assignment was tougher than Sue’s.D) His boss was always finding fault with his work.（A）13.A) She complains about her bad luck.B) She always accepts them cheerfully.C) She is unwilling to undertake them.D) She takes them on, though reluctantly.（B）14.A) John had to quit his job.B) Both John and Sue got a raise.C) Sue failed to complete her project.D) Sue got promoted.（D）Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15.A) By displaying their feelings and emotions.B) By exchanging their views on public affairs.C) By asking each other some personal questions.D) By greeting each other very politely.（C）16.A) Yell loudly.B) Argue fiercely.C) Express his opinion frankly.D) Refrain from showing his feelings.（D）17.A) Doing credit to one’s community.B) Distinguishing oneself.C) Getting rich quickly.D) Respecting individual rights.（B）Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18.A) When tests show that they are relatively safe.B) If they don’t involve any risks.C) When the urgent need for them arises.D) If they produce predictable side effects.（A）19.A) Because they are less sensitive to it than those who have been tested for it.B) Because they are not accustomed to it.C) Because their genes differ from those who have been tested for it.D) Because they are not psychologically prepared for it.（D）20.A) They will become physically impaired.B) They will suffer from minor discomfort.C) They will have to take ever larger doses.D) They will experience a very painful process.（C）Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Throughout the nation’s more than 15,000 school districts, widely differing approaches to teaching science and math have emerged. Though there can be strength in diversity, a newinternational analysis suggests that this variability has instead contributed to lackluster (平淡的) achievement scores by U.S. children relative to their peers in other developed countries.Indeed, concludes William H. Schmidt of Michigan State University, who led the new analysis, “no single intellectually coherent vision dominates U.S. educational practice in math or science.” The reason, he said, “is because the system is deeply and fundamentally flawed.”The new analysis, released this week by the National Science Foundation in Arlington, Va., is based on data collected from about 50 nations as part of the Third International Mathematics and Science Study.Not only do approaches to teaching science and math vary among individual U.S. communities, the report finds, but there appears to be little strategic focus within a school district’s curricula, its textbooks, or its teachers’ activities. This contrasts sharply with the coordinated national programs of most other countries.On average, U.S. students study more topics within science and math than their international counterparts do. This creates an educational environment that “is a mile wide and an inch deep,” Schmidt notes.For instance, eighth graders in the United States cover about 33topics in math versus just 19 in Japan. Among science courses, the international gap is even wider. U.S. curricula for this age level resemble those of a small group of countries including Australia, Thailand, Iceland, and Bulgaria. Schmidt asks whether the United States wants to be classed with these nations, whose educational systems “share our pattern of splintered (支离破碎的) visions” but which are not economic leaders.The new report “couldn’t come at a better time,” says Gerald Wheeler, executive director of the National Science Teachers Association in Arlington. “The new National Science Education Standards provide that focused vision,” including the call “to do less, but in greater depth.”Implementing the new science standards and their math counterparts will be the challenge, he and Schmidt agree, because the decentralized responsibility for education in the United States requires that any reforms be tailored and instituted one community at a time.In fact, Schmidt argues, reforms such as these proposed national standards “face an almost impossible task, because even though they are intellectually coherent, each becomes only one more voice in the babble (嘈杂声).”21.A ccording to the passage, the teaching of science and math inAmerica is ________.A) losing its vitality graduallyB) characterized by its diversityC) going downhill in recent yearsD) focused on tapping students’ potential（B）22.T he fundamental flaw of American school education is that ________.A) it attaches too much importance to intensive study of school subjectsB) it relies heavily on the initiative of individual teachersC) it sets a very low academic standard for studentsD) it lacks a coordinated national program（D）23.B y saying that the U.S. educational environment is “a mile wide and an inch deep” (Line 2, Para. 5), the author means U.S. educational practice ________.A) scratches the surface of a wide range of topicsB) lays stress on quality at the expense of quantityC) encourages learning both in depth and in scopeD) offers an environment for comprehensive education（A）24.T he new National Science Education Standards are good news in that they will ________.A) solve most of the problems in school teachingB) provide depth to school science educationC) quickly dominate U.S. educational practiceD) be able to meet the demands of the community（B）25.P utting the new science and math standards into practice will prove difficult because ________.A) many schoolteachers challenge the acceptability of these standardsB) there is always controversy in educational circlesC) not enough educators have realized the necessity for doing soD) school districts are responsible for making their own decisions（D）Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.I had an experience some years ago which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I had to officiate at two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died “full of years,” as the Bible would say; both yielded to the normal wearing out of the body after a long and full life. Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence (吊唁) calls on the two families on the same afternoon.At the first home, the son of the deceased (已故的) woman saidto me, “If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. It’s my fault that she died.” At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, “If only I hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to Florida, she would be alive today. That long airplane ride, the abrupt change of climate, was more than she could take. It’s my fault that she’s dead.”When things don’t turn out as we would like them to, it is very tempting to assume that had we done things differently, the story would have had a happier ending. Priests know that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out badly, they believe that the opposite course-keeping Mother at home, postponing the operation—would have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse?There seem to be two elements involved in our readiness to feel guilt. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens. That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.The second element is the notion that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing thatevery disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood. Psychologists speak of the infantile myth of omnipotence (万能). A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to its tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely outgrow that infantile notion that our wishes cause things to happen.26.W hat is said about the two deceased elderly women?A) They lived out a natural life.B) They died due to lack of care by family members.C) They died of exhaustion after the long plane ride.D) They weren’t accustomed to the change in weather.（A）27.T he author had to conduct the two women’s funerals probably because ________.A) he had great sympathy for the deceasedB) he wanted to console the two familiesC) he was priest of the local churchD) he was an official from the community（C）28.P eople feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because ________.A) they believe that they were responsibleB) they had neglected the natural course of eventsC) they couldn’t find a better way to express their griefD) they didn’t know things often turn out in the opposite direction（A）29.I n the context of the passage, “... the world makes sense” (Line 2, Para, 4) probably means that ________.A) we have to be sensible in order to understand the worldB) everything in the world is predeterminedC) there’s an explanation for everything in the worldD) the world can be interpreted in different ways（C）30.P eople have been made to believe since infancy that ________.A) every story should have a happy endingB) their wishes are the cause of everything that happensC) life and death is an unsolved mysteryD) everybody is at their command（B）Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.“I’ve never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from his lab at Texas A&M University. “It’s a stupid endeavor.” That’s an interesting choice of adjective, comingfrom a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two cows and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy this spring—or perhaps not for another 5 years. It seems the reproductive system of man’s best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.Westhusin’s experience with cloning animals leaves him upset by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missy project, using hundreds upon hundreds of dog’s eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos (胚胎) carrying Missy’s DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate (代孕的) mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses (胎) may be acceptable when you’re dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin’s phone has been ringing with people calling in hopes of duplicating their cats and dogs, cattle and horses. “A lot of people want to clone pets, especially if the price is right,” says Westhusin. Cost is no obstacle for Missy’s mysterious billionaire owner; he’s put up $3.7 million so far to fund A&M’s research.Contrary to some media reports, Missy is not dead. The owner wants a twin to carry on Missy’s fine qualities after she does die. The prototype is, by all accounts, athletic, good-natured and supersmart. Missy’s master does not expect an exact copy of her. He knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy’s owner and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clones differ from Missy.”Besides cloning a great dog, the project may contribute insight into the old question of nature vs, nurture. It could also lead to the cloning of special rescue dogs and many endangered animals.However, Westhusin is cautious about his work. He knows that even if he gets a dog pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems~ “Why would you ever want to clone humans,Westhusin asks, “when we’re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?”31.B y “stupid endeavor” (Line 2, Para. 1), Westhusin means to say that ________.A) human cloning is a foolish undertakingB) animal cloning is absolutely impracticalC) human cloning should be done selectivelyD) animal cloning is not worth the effort at all（A）32.W hat does the first paragraph tell us about Westhusin’s dog cloning project?A) Its success is already in sight.B) It is doomed to utter failure.C) It is progressing smoothly.D) Its outcome remains uncertain.（D）33.B y cloning Missy, Mark Westhusin hopes to ________.A) examine the reproductive system of the dog speciesB) find out the differences between Missy and its clonesC) search for ways to modify.its temperamentD) study the possibility of cloning humans（B）34.W e learn from the passage that animal clones are likely to have ________.A) an abnormal shapeB) a bad temperC) defective organsD) immune deficiency（C）35.I t can be seen that present cloning techniques ________.A) provide insight into the question of nature vs, nurtureB) have been widely used in saving endangered speciesC) have proved quite adequate for the cloning of humansD) still have a long way to go before reaching maturity（D）Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Frustrated with delays in Sacramento, Bay Area officials said Thursday they planned to take matters into their own hands to regulate the region’s growing pile of electronic trash.A San Jose councilwoman and a San Francisco supervisor said they would propose local initiatives aimed at controlling electronic waste if the California law-making body fails to act on two bills stalled in the Assembly. They are among a growing number of California cities and counties that have expressed the same intention.Environmentalists and local governments are increasingly concerned about the toxic hazard posed by old electronic devices and the cost of safely recycling those products. An estimated 6 million televisions and computers are stocked in California homes, and an additional 6,000 to 7,000 computers become outdated every day. The machines contain high levels of lead and other hazardous substances, and are already banned from California landfills (垃圾填埋场).Legislation by Senator Byron Sher would require consumers to pay a recycling fee of up to $30 on every new machine containing a cathode (阴极) ray tube. Used in almost all video monitors andtelevisions, those devices contain four to eight pounds of lead each. The fees would go toward setting up recycling programs, providing grants to non-profit agencies that reuse the tubes and rewarding manufacturers that encourage recycling.A separate bill by Los Angeles-area Senator Gloria Romero would require high-tech manufacturers to develop programs to recycle so-called e-waste.If passed, the measures would put California at the forefront of national efforts to manage the refuse of the electronic age.But high-tech groups, including the Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group and the American Electronics Association, oppose the measures, arguing that fees of up to $30 will drive consumers to online, out-of-state retailers.“What really needs to occur is consumer education. Most consumers are unaware they’re not supposed to throw computers in the trash,” said Roxanne Gould, vice president of government relations for the electronics association.Computer recycling should be a local effort and part of residential waste collection programs, she added.Recycling electronic waste is a dangerous and specialized matter, and environmentalists maintain the state must support recycling efforts and ensure that the job isn’t contracted to unscrupulous (毫无顾忌的) junk dealers who send the toxic parts overseas.“The graveyard of the high-tech revolution is ending up in rural China,” said Ted Smith, director of the Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. His group is pushing for an amendment to Sher’s bill that would prevent the export of e-waste.36.W hat step were Bay Area officials going to take regarding e-waste disposal?A) Rally support to pass the stalled bills.B) Lobby the lawmakers of the California Assembly.C) Lay down relevant local regulations themselves.D) Exert pressure on manufacturers of electronic devices.（C）37.T he two bills stalled in the California Assembly both concern ________.A) the reprocessing of the huge amounts of electronic waste in the stateB) regulations on dumping hazardous substances into landfillsC) the funding of local initiatives to reuse electronic trashD) the sale of used electronic devices to foreign countries（A）38.C onsumers are not supposed to throw used computers in the trash because ________.A) this is banned by the California governmentB) some parts may be recycled for use elsewhereC) unscrupulous dealers will retrieve them for profitD) they contain large amounts of harmful substances（D）39.H igh-tech groups believe that if an extra $30 is charged on every TV or computer purchased in California, consumers will ________.A) hesitate to upgrade their computersB) abandon online shoppingC) buy them from other statesD) strongly protest against such a charge（C）40.W e learn from the passage that much of California’s electronic waste has been ________.A) dumped into local landfillsB) exported to foreign countriesC) collected by non-profit agenciesD) recycled by computer manufacturers（B）Part III V ocabulary (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41.S he gave ________ directions about the way the rug shouldbe cleaned.A) briskB) opaqueC) explicitD) transient（C）42.H e had an almost irresistible ________ to talk to the crowd when he entered Hyde Park.A) surgeB) impulseC) stimulationD) instinct（B）43.S he expressed her strong determination that nothing could ________ her to give up her career as a teacher.A) reduceB) deduceC) attractD) induce（D）44.B y turning this knob to the right you can ________ the sound from the radio.A) enlargeB) amplifyC) reinforceD) intensify（B）45.A ________ official is one who is irresponsible in his work.A) slackB) tediousC) timidD) suspicious（A）46.O ne witness ________ that he’d seen the suspect run out of the bank after it had been robbed.A) convictedB) retortedC) testifiedD) conformed（C）47.M any ecologists believe that lots of major species in the world are on the ________ of extinction.A) fringeB) marginC) borderD) verge（D）48.A number of students ________ in flats, and others live in the nearby holiday resorts, where there is a reasonable supply of competitively priced accommodation.A) resideB) reviveC) gatherD) inhabit（A）49.T he doctors ________ the newly approved drug into the patient when he was critically ill.A) projectedB) injectedC) ejectedD) subjected（B）50.M y grandfather, a retired worker, often ________ the past with a feeling of longing and respect.A) contrivesB) considersC) contactsD) contemplates（D）51.T his is a long ________—roughly 13 miles down a beautiful valley to the little church below.A) terrainB) tumbleC) descentD) degeneration（C）52.T he microscope and telescope, with their capacity to enlarge,isolate and probe, demonstrate how details can be ________ and separated from the whole.A) magnifiedB) radiatedC) prolongedD) extended（A）53.T hey couldn’t see a ________ of hope that they would be saved by a passing ship.A) sliceB) spanC) gleamD) grain（C）54.A ny salesperson who sells more than the weekly ________ will receive a bonus.A) portionB) quotaC) ratioD) allocation（B）55.________ efforts are needed in order to finish important but unpleasant tasks.A) PerpetualB) PersistentC) ConsecutiveD) Condensed（B）56.S ome scientists are dubious of the claim that organisms ________ with age as an inevitable outcome of living.A) degradeB) defaultC) depressD) deteriorate（A）57.I t took a lot of imagination to come up with such a(n) ________ plan.A) ingeniousB) vigorousC) inherentD) exotic（A）58.M any manufacturers were accused of concentrating too heavily on cost reduction, often at the ________ of the quality of their products.A) expansionB) expectationC) expenseD) exposure（C）59.H e could not ________ ignorance as his excuse; he shouldhave known what was happening in his department.A) pleadB) resortC) petitionD) reproach（A）60.N othing Helen says is ever ________. She always thinks carefully before she speaks.A) simultaneousB) spontaneousC) rigorousD) homogenous（B）61.M edical students are advised that the wearing of a white coat ________ the acceptance of a professional code of conduct expected of the medical profession.A) simulatesB) supplementsC) swearsD) signifies（D）62.H e bought his house on the ________ plan, paying a certain amount of money each month.A) premiumB) installmentC) divisionD) fluctuation（B）63.S he was deeply ________ by the amount of criticism her play received.A) frustratedB) deportedC) involvedD) deprived（A）64.M ost mathematicians trust their ________ in solving problems and readily admit they would not be able to function without it.A) conceptionB) perceptionC) cognitionD) intuition（D）65.H e still ________ the memory of his carefree childhood spent in that small wooden house of his grandparents’.A) scansB) fanciesC) cherishesD) nourishes（C）66.O ne of the attractive features of the course was the way thepractical work had been ________ with the theoretical aspects of the subject.A) integratedB) embeddedC) embracedD) synthesized（A）67.L ighting can be used not only to create an atmosphere, but also to ________ features of the house, such as ornaments or pictures.A) activateB) highlightC) upgradeD) underline（B）61.A part from philosophical and legal reasons for respecting patients’ wishes, there are several practical reasons why doctors should ________ to involve patients in their own medical care decisions.A) enforceB) enhanceC) endeavorD) endow（C）69.E ncouraged by their culture to voice their opinions freely, theCanadians are not afraid to go against the group ________, and will argue their viewpoints enthusiastically, though rarely aggressively.A) conscienceB) consensusC) consentD) consciousness（B）70.T he traditional markets retain their ________ for the many Chinese who still prefer fresh food like live fish, ducks, chickens over packaged or frozen goods.A) imageB) pledgeC) survivalD) appeal（D）Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.。

2005年1月8日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷(B卷)Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each Conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish by 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) Furnished apartments will cost more.B) The apartment can be furnished easily.C) She can provide the man with the apartment he needs.D) The apartment is just what the man is looking for.2. A) He quite agrees with Mr. Johnson’s views.B) Mr. Johnson’s ideas are nonsense.C) Mr. Johnson is good at expressing his ideas.D) He shares the woman’s views on social welfare.3. A) Avoid distractions while studying in her dorm.B) Improve her grades gradually.C) Change the conditions of her dorm.D) Study in a quiet place.4. A) It will be held in a different place,B) It has been put off.C) It has been cancelled.D) It will be rescheduled to attract more participants.5. A) Janet is very much interested in architecture.B) Janet admires the Sydney Opera House very much.C) Janet thinks it’s a shame for anyone not to visit Australia.D) Janet loves the beautiful landscape of Australia very much.6. A) It falls short of her supervisor’s expectations.B) It has drawn criticism from lots of people.C) It can be finished in a few weeks’ time.D) It is based on a lot of research.7. A) Karen is sure to pass the interview.B) He knows Karen better now.C) Karen is very forgetful.D) The woman should have reminded Karen earlier.8. A) Skip the class to prepare for the exam.B) Tell the professor she’s lost her voice.C) Attend the lecture with the man.D) Ask Joe to apologize to the professor for her.9. A) The woman is working in a kindergarten.B) The man will go in for business fight after high school.C) The woman is not happy with the man’s decision.D) The man wants to be a business manager.10. A) They are busy all the year round.B) They stay closed until summer comes.C) They cater chiefly to tourists.D) They provide quality service to their customers.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Boss and secretary.B) PR representative and client.C) Classmates.D) Colleagues.12. A) He thought the boss was unfair to him.B) His clients complained about his service.C) He felt his assignment was tougher than Sue’s.D) His boss was always finding fault with his work.13. A) She complains about her bad luck.B) She always accepts them cheerfully.C) She is unwilling to undertake them.D) She takes them on, though reluctantly.14. A) John had to quit his job.B) Both John and Sue got a raise.C) Sue failed to complete her project.D) Sue got promoted.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) By displaying their feelings and emotions.B) By exchanging their views on public affairs.C) By asking each other some personal questions.D) By greeting each other very politely.16. A) Yell loudly.B) Argue fiercely.C) Express his opinion frankly.D) Refrain from showing his feelings.17. A) Doing credit to one’s community.B) Distinguishing oneself.C) Getting rich quickly.D) Respecting individual rights.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) When tests show that they are relatively safe.B) If they don’t involve any risks.C) When the urgent need for them arises.D) If they produce predictable side effects.19. A) Because they are less sensitive to it than those who have been tested for it.B) Because they are not accustomed to it.C) Because their genes differ from those who have been tested for it.D) Because they are not psychologically prepared for it.20. A) They will become physically impaired.B) They will suffer from minor discomfort.C) They will have to take ever larger doses.D) They will experience a very painful process.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Throughout the nation’s more than 15,000 school districts, widely differing approaches to teaching science and math have emerged. Though there can be strength in diversity, a new international analysis suggests that this variability has instead contributed to lackluster (平淡的) achievement scores by U.S. children relative to their peers in other developed countries.Indeed, concludes William H. Schmidt of Michigan State University, who led the new analysis, “no single intellectually coherent vision dominates U.S. educational practice in math or science.” The reason, he said, “is because the system is deeply and fundamentally flawed.”The new analysis, released this week by the National Science Foundation in Arlington, Va., is based on data collected from about 50 nations as part of the Third International Mathematics and Science Study.Not only do approaches to teaching science and math vary among individual U.S. communities, the report finds, but there appears to be little strategi c focus within a school district’s curricula, its textbooks, or its teachers’ activities. This contrasts sharply with the coordinated national programsof most other countries.On average, U.S. students study more topics within science and math than their international counterparts do. This creates an educational environment that “is a mile wide and an inch deep,” Schmidt notes.For instance, eighth graders in the United States cover about 33 topics in math versus just 19 in Japan. Among science courses, the international gap is even wider. U.S. curricula for this age level resemble those of a small group of countries including Australia, Thailand, Iceland, and Bulgaria. Schmidt asks whether the United States wants to be classed with these nations, whose educational systems “share our pattern of splintered (支离破碎的) visions”but which are not economic leaders.The new report “couldn’t come at a better time,” says Gerald Wheeler, executive director of the National Science Teachers Association in Arlington. “The new National Science Education Standards provide that focused vision,” including the call “to do less, but in greater depth.”Implementing the new science standards and their math counterparts will be the challenge, he and Schmidt agree, because the decentralized responsibility for education in the United States requires that any reforms be tailored and instituted one community at a time.In fact, Schmidt argues, reforms such as these proposed national standards “face an almost impossible task, because even though they are intellectually coherent, each becomes only one more voice in the babble (嘈杂声).”21. According to the passage, the teaching of science and math in America is ________.A) losing its vitality graduallyB) characterized by its diversityC) going downhill in recent yearsD) focused on tapping students’ potential22. The fundamental flaw of American school education is that ________.A) it attaches too much importance to intensive study of school subjectsB) it relies heavily on the initiative of individual teachersC) it sets a very low academic standard for studentsD) it lacks a coordinated national program23. By saying that the U.S. educational environment is “a mile wide and an inch deep” (Line 2, Para. 5), the author means U.S. educational practice ________.A) scratches the surface of a wide range of topicsB) lays stress on quality at the expense of quantityC) encourages learning both in depth and in scopeD) offers an environment for comprehensive education24. The new National Science Education Standards are good news in that they will ________.A) solve most of the problems in school teachingB) provide depth to school science educationC) quickly dominate U.S. educational practiceD) be able to meet the demands of the community25. Putting the new science and math standards into practice will prove difficult because ________.A) many schoolteachers challenge the acceptability of these standardsB) there is always controversy in educational circlesC) not enough educators have realized the necessity for doing soD) school districts are responsible for making their own decisionsPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.I had an experience some years ago which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I had to officiate at two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died “full of years,”as the Bible would say; both yielded to the normal wearing out of the body after a long and full life. Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence (吊唁) calls on the two families on the same afternoon.At the first home, the son of the deceased (已故的) woman said to me, “If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. It’s my fault that she died.”At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, “If only I hadn’t insisted on my mother’s going to Florida, she would be alive today. That long airplane ride, the abrupt change of climate, was more than she could take. It’s my fault that she’s dead.”When things don’t turn out as we would like them to, it is very tempting to assume that had we done things differently, the story would have had a happier ending. Priests know that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out badly, they believe that the opposite course-keeping Mother at home, postponing the operation—would have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse? There seem to be two elements involved in our readiness to feel guilt. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens. That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds.The second element is the notion that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood. Psychologists speak of the infantile myth of omnipotence (万能). A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to its tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely outgrow that infantile notion that our wishes cause things to happen.26. What is said about the two deceased elderly women?A) They lived out a natural life.B) They died due to lack of care by family members.C) They died of exhaustion after the long plane ride.D) They weren’t accustomed to the change in weather.27. The author had to conduct the two women’s funerals probably because ________.A) he had great sympathy for the deceasedB) he wanted to console the two familiesC) he was priest of the local churchD) he was an official from the community28. People feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because ________.A) they believe that they were responsibleB) they had neglected the natural course of eventsC) they couldn’t find a better way to express their griefD) they didn’t know things often turn out in the opposite direction29. In the context of the passage, “... the world makes sense” (Line 2, Para, 4) probably means that ________.A) we have to be sensible in order to understand the worldB) everything in the world is predeterminedC) there’s an explanation for everything in the worldD) the world can be interpreted in different ways30. People have been made to believe since infancy that ________.A) every story should have a happy endingB) their wishes are the cause of everything that happensC) life and death is an unsolved mysteryD) everybody is at their commandPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.“I’ve never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from his lab at Texas A&M University. “It’s a stupid endeavor.” That’s an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two cows and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy this spring—or perhaps not for another 5 years. It seems the reproduc tive system of man’s best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science. Westhusin’s experience with cloning animals leaves him upset by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missy project, using hundreds upon hundreds of dog’s eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos (胚胎) carrying Missy’s DNA. None have survived the transfer to a surrogate (代孕的) mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses (胎) may be acceptable when you’re dealing with cats or bulls, he argues, but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly ineffi cient, and also dangerous,” he says. Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin’s phone has been ringing with people calling in hopes of duplicating their cats and dogs, cattle and horses. “A lot of people want to clone pets, especially if the price is right,” says Westhusin. Cost is no obstacle for Missy’s mysterious billionaire owner; he’s put up $3.7 million so far to fund A&M’s research.Contrary to some media reports, Missy is not dead. The owner wants a twin to carry on Missy’s fine qualities after she does die. The prototype is, by all accounts, athletic, good-natured and supersmart. M issy’s master does not expect an exact copy of her. He knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy’s owner and the A&M team say they are “both looking forward to studying the ways that her clones differ from Missy.”Besides cloning a great dog, the project may contribute insight into the old question of nature vs, nurture. It could also lead to the cloning of special rescue dogs and many endangered animals. However, Westhusin is cautious about his work. He knows that even if he gets a dog pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems~ “Why would you ever want to clone humans,Westhusin asks, “when we’re not even close to getting it worked out in animalsyet?”31. By “stupid endeavor” (Line 2, Para. 1), Westhusin means to say that ________.A) human cloning is a foolish undertakingB) animal cloning is absolutely impracticalC) human cloning should be done selectivelyD) animal cloning is not worth the effort at all32. What does the first paragraph tell us about Westhusin’s dog cloning project?A) Its success is already in sight.B) It is doomed to utter failure.C) It is progressing smoothly.D) Its outcome remains uncertain.33. By cloning Missy, Mark Westhusin hopes to ________.A) examine the reproductive system of the dog speciesB) find out the differences between Missy and its clonesC) search for ways to modify.its temperamentD) study the possibility of cloning humans34. We learn from the passage that animal clones are likely to have ________.A) an abnormal shapeB) a bad temperC) defective organsD) immune deficiency35. It can be seen that present cloning techniques ________.A) provide insight into the question of nature vs, nurtureB) have been widely used in saving endangered speciesC) have proved quite adequate for the cloning of humansD) still have a long way to go before reaching maturityPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Frustrated with delays in Sacramento, Bay Area officials said Thursday they planned to take matters into their own hands to regulate the region’s growing pile of electronic trash.A San Jose councilwoman and a San Francisco supervisor said they would propose local initiatives aimed at controlling electronic waste if the California law-making body fails to act on two bills stalled in the Assembly. They are among a growing number of California cities and counties that have expressed the same intention.Environmentalists and local governments are increasingly concerned about the toxic hazard posed by old electronic devices and the cost of safely recycling those products. An estimated 6 million televisions and computers are stocked in California homes, and an additional 6,000 to 7,000 computers become outdated every day. The machines contain high levels of lead and other hazardous substances, and are already banned from California landfills (垃圾填埋场). Legislation by Senator Byron Sher would require consumers to pay a recycling fee of up to $30 on every new machine containing a cathode (阴极) ray tube. Used in almost all video monitors and televisions, those devices contain four to eight pounds of lead each. The fees would go toward setting up recycling programs, providing grants to non-profit agencies that reuse the tubes and rewarding manufacturers that encourage recycling.A separate bill by Los Angeles-area Senator Gloria Romero would require high-tech manufacturers to develop programs to recycle so-called e-waste.If passed, the measures would put California at the forefront of national efforts to manage the refuse of the electronic age.But high-tech groups, including the Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group and the American Electronics Association, oppose the measures, arguing that fees of up to $30 will drive consumers to online, out-of-state retailers.“What really needs to occur is consumer education. Most consumers are unaware they’re not supposed to throw computers in the trash,” said Roxa nne Gould, vice president of government relations for the electronics association.Computer recycling should be a local effort and part of residential waste collection programs, she added.Recycling electronic waste is a dangerous and specialized matter, and environmentalists maintain the state must support recycling efforts and ensure that the job isn’t contracted to unscrupulous (毫无顾忌的) junk dealers who send the toxic parts overseas.“The graveyard of the high-tech revolution is ending up in rural China,” said Ted Smith, director of the Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. His group is pushing for an amendment to Sher’s bill that would prevent the export of e-waste.36. What step were Bay Area officials going to take regarding e-waste disposal?A) Rally support to pass the stalled bills.B) Lobby the lawmakers of the California Assembly.C) Lay down relevant local regulations themselves.D) Exert pressure on manufacturers of electronic devices.37. The two bills stalled in the California Assembly both concern ________.A) the reprocessing of the huge amounts of electronic waste in the stateB) regulations on dumping hazardous substances into landfillsC) the funding of local initiatives to reuse electronic trashD) the sale of used electronic devices to foreign countries38. Consumers are not supposed to throw used computers in the trash because ________.A) this is banned by the California governmentB) some parts may be recycled for use elsewhereC) unscrupulous dealers will retrieve them for profitD) they contain large amounts of harmful substances39. High-tech groups believe that if an extra $30 is charged on every TV or computer purchased in California, consumers will ________.A) hesitate to upgrade their computersB) abandon online shoppingC) buy them from other statesD) strongly protest against such a charge40. We learn from the passage that much of California’s electronic waste has been ________.A) dumped into local landfillsB) exported to foreign countriesC) collected by non-profit agenciesD) recycled by computer manufacturersPart III V ocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.41. She gave ________ directions about the way the rug should be cleaned.A) briskB) opaqueC) explicitD) transient42. He had an almost irresistible ________ to talk to the crowd when he entered Hyde Park.A) surgeB) impulseC) stimulationD) instinct43. She expressed her strong determination that nothing could ________ her to give up her career as a teacher.A) reduceB) deduceC) attractD) induce44. By turning this knob to the right you can ________ the sound from the radio.A) enlargeB) amplifyC) reinforceD) intensify45. A ________ official is one who is irresponsible in his work.A) slackB) tediousC) timidD) suspicious46. One witness ________ that he’d seen the suspect run out of the bank after it had been robbed.A) convictedB) retortedC) testifiedD) conformed47. Many ecologists believe that lots of major species in the world are on the ________ of extinction.A) fringeB) marginC) borderD) verge48. A number of students ________ in flats, and others live in the nearby holiday resorts, where there is a reasonable supply of competitively priced accommodation.A) resideB) reviveC) gatherD) inhabit49. The doctors ________ the newly approved drug into the patient when he was critically ill.A) projectedB) injectedC) ejectedD) subjected50. My grandfather, a retired worker, often ________ the past with a feeling of longing and respect.A) contrivesB) considersC) contactsD) contemplates51. This is a long ________—roughly 13 miles down a beautiful valley to the little church below.A) terrainB) tumbleC) descentD) degeneration52. The microscope and telescope, with their capacity to enlarge, isolate and probe, demonstrate how details can be ________ and separated from the whole.A) magnifiedB) radiatedC) prolongedD) extended53. They couldn’t see a ________ of hope that they would be saved by a passing ship.A) sliceB) spanC) gleamD) grain54. Any salesperson who sells more than the weekly ________ will receive a bonus.A) portionB) quotaC) ratioD) allocation55. ________ efforts are needed in order to finish important but unpleasant tasks.A) PerpetualB) PersistentC) ConsecutiveD) Condensed56. Some scientists are dubious of the claim that organisms ________ with age as an inevitable outcome of living.A) degradeB) defaultD) deteriorate57. It took a lot of imagination to come up with such a(n) ________ plan.A) ingeniousB) vigorousC) inherentD) exotic58. Many manufacturers were accused of concentrating too heavily on cost reduction, often at the ________ of the quality of their products.A) expansionB) expectationC) expenseD) exposure59. He could not ________ ignorance as his excuse; he should have known what was happening in his department.A) pleadB) resortC) petitionD) reproach60. Nothing Helen says is ever ________. She always thinks carefully before she speaks.A) simultaneousB) spontaneousC) rigorousD) homogenous61. Medical students are advised that the wearing of a white coat ________ the acceptance of a professional code of conduct expected of the medical profession.A) simulatesB) supplementsC) swearsD) signifies62. He bought his house on the ________ plan, paying a certain amount of money each month.A) premiumB) installmentC) divisionD) fluctuation63. She was deeply ________ by the amount of criticism her play received.A) frustratedB) deportedC) involvedD) deprived64. Most mathematicians trust their ________ in solving problems and readily admit they would not be able to function without it.A) conceptionB) perceptionD) intuition65. He still ________ the memory of his carefree childhood spent in that small wooden house of his grandparents’.A) scansB) fanciesC) cherishesD) nourishes66. One of the attractive features of the course was the way the practical work had been ________ with the theoretical aspects of the subject.A) integratedB) embeddedC) embracedD) synthesized67. Lighting can be used not only to create an atmosphere, but also to ________ features of the house, such as ornaments or pictures.A) activateB) highlightC) upgradeD) underline61. Apart from philosophical and legal reasons for respecting patients’ wishes, there are several practical reasons why doctors should ________ to involve patients in their own medical care decisions.A) enforceB) enhanceC) endeavorD) endow69. Encouraged by their culture to voice their opinions freely, the Canadians are not afraid to go against the group ________, and will argue their viewpoints enthusiastically, though rarely aggressively.A) conscienceB) consensusC) consentD) consciousness70. The traditional markets retain their ________ for the many Chinese who still prefer fresh food like live fish, ducks, chickens over packaged or frozen goods.A) imageB) pledgeC) survivalD) appealPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross。

2005年6月英语六级真题听力原文Section A 短对话（11~18）2005年6月18日大学英语六级试题A卷清晰版录音听力原文：1.M: What do you think of the government's new tax cut proposal?W:Though it may give some benefit to the poor,tis key component is the elimination of tax on dividends.That means the rich will get richer.Q:What does the woman think about the government'stax cut propsal?2.M:Jenny, remember this:a job worth doing at all is worth doing well.W:Oh,yes,I certainly won't forget it.But don't expect me to stick to the job just because ti pays a few more bucks.A life of continuous exploration is a life worth living.Q:What can be inferred about the woman from the conversation?3.M: I found that one of my schoolmates uses drugs.How can I help him,Mom?W:Stay away from him, son.Never think that you can talk him out of the habit if he is addicted.Bperhaps you can talk to your teacher about the matter.Q:What's the woman'sadvice to her son?4.W:I don't know how you can eat so much yet never put on any weight,son.Your father's got thesame luck.I can't take a bite without calculating how many calories I am taking.M:but remember Aunt louise, Mom?She ate a lot and never gained a pound.Q:Who is worried abort qaining weight?5.W:Did you turn off the lights and check the locks on all the doors?M:Yes, I told the Johnsons that we'd be gone for two weeks.They promise to keep an eye on the house for us.Q:What are the two speakers going to do?6.M:Hurry up,Linda!I hear that there are not many tickets left for the football match.W:I an ready now,let's go.It is the early bird that catches the worm.Q:Why did the man ask the woman to hurry up?7.W:Did you hear that the convenience store next to the gas station was held up last night?M:Yes, I heard it on the radio this morning.Q:What happened to the convenience store?8.M:Congratulations!I just heard abort your acceptance in the law school.Do you think you would join your brother's firm after graduation?W:Not likely.He is a tax lawyer,and I am going to major in criminal law.Q:What does the woman mean?9.M:Excuse me, but could you tell me how to get to the Friendship Hotel?I thought it was on this cornet,but I seen to have made a mistake.M:I am sorry,but i am a stranger heremyself.Maybe you can try calling them.There is a phone over there outside the department store.Q:What does the woman mean?10.M:How is it going,Mary?You look a little overwhelmed.W:Exactly.You know,I've got a million things to de and all of them have to be finished in the next 30 minutes.Q:What does the woman mean?第二部分Section Two Compound DictationCertain phrases one commonly hears among Americans capture their devotion to individualism."Do you own thing?" "I did it my way.""you'll have to decide that for yourself?" "You made you bed,now lie in it." "if you don't look out for yourself, no one else will." "Look out for munber one."Closely associated with the value they place on individualism, is the importance American's assign to privacy.Americans assume that people need some time to themselves or some time alone to think about things or to recover their spent psychological energy.Americans have great difficulty understanding foreigners who always want to be with another person who dislike being alone.If the parents can afford it, each child will have his or her own bedroom.Having one's own bedroom even as an infant,fixes in a person the notion that she is entitled to a place of her own where she can be by herself, and keep her possessions.She will have her clothes,her toys, her books,and so on .These things will be hers,no one else's.Americans assume that people will have their private thoughts that might never be shared with anyone.Doctors,lawyers,psychologists and others have rules governing confidentiality that are intended to prevent information about their clients' personal situations from being known to others .American's attitudes about privacy can be hard for foreigners to understand. American's houses,yards and even their offices canseem open and inviting.Yet, in the minds of Americans,there are boundaries that other people are simply not supposed to cross.When thoseboundaries are crossed,an American's body will visibly stiffen and his manner will be cool and aloof.2005年6月英语六级真题Listening Comprehension1. A) It will reduce government revenues.B) It will stimulate business activities.C) It will mainly benefit the wealthy.D) It will cut the stockholders’ dividends.2. A) She will do her best if the job is worth doing.B) She prefers a life of continued exploration.C) She will stick to the job if the pay is good.D) She doesn’t think much of job-hopping.3. A) Stop thinking about the matter.B) Talk the drug user out of the habit.C) Be more friendly to his schoolmate.D) Keep his distance from drug addicts.4. A) The son. B) The father.C) The mother. D) Aunt Louise.5. A) Stay away for a couple of weeks.B) Check the locks every two weeks.C) Look after the Johnsons’ house.D) Move to another place.6. A) He would like to warm up for the game.B) He didn’t want to be held up in traffic.C) He didn’t want to miss the game.D) He wanted to catch as many game birds as possible.7. A) It was burned down. B) It was robbed.C) It was blown up. D) It was closed down.8. A) She isn’t going to change her major.B) She plans to major in tax law.C) She studies in the same school as her brother.D) She isn’t going to work in her brother’s firm.9. A) The man should phone the hotel for directions.B) The man can ask the department store for help.C) She doesn’t have the hotel’s phone number.D) The hotel is just around the corner.10. A) she doesn’t expect to finish all her work in thirty minutes.B) She has to do a lot of things within a short time.C) She has been overworking for a long time.D) She doesn’t know why there are so many things to do.Section B Compound Dictation注意：听力理解的B节（Section B）为复合式听写（Compound Dictation），题目在试卷二上，现在请取出试卷二。

Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. I had an experience some years ago which taught me something about the ways in which people make a bad situation worse by blaming themselves. One January, I had to officiate at two funerals on successive days for two elderly women in my community. Both had died "full of years," as the Bible would say; both yielded to the normal wearing out of the body after a long and full life. Their homes happened to be near each other, so I paid condolence (吊唁) calls on the two families on the same afternoon. At the first home, the son of the deceased (已故的) woman said to me, "If only I had sent my mother to Florida and gotten her out of this cold and snow, she would be alive today. It's my fault that she died." At the second home, the son of the other deceased woman said, "If only I hadn't insisted on my mother's going to Florida, she would be alive today. That long airplane ride, the abrupt change of climate, was more than she could take. It's my fault that she's dead." When things don't turn out as we would like them to, it is very tempting to assume that had we done things differently, the story would have had a happier ending. Priests know that any time there is a death, the survivors will feel guilty. Because the course of action they took turned out badly, they believe that the opposite course - keeping Mother at home, postponing the operation – would have turned out better. After all, how could it have turned out any worse? There seem to be two elements involved in our readiness to feel guilt. The first is our pressing need to believe that the world makes sense, that there is a cause for every effect and a reason for everything that happens. That leads us to find patterns and connections both where they really exist and where they exist only in our minds. The second element is the notion that we are the cause of what happens, especially the bad things that happen. It seems to be a short step from believing that every event has a cause to believing that every disaster is our fault. The roots of this feeling may lie in our childhood. Psychologists speak of the infantile myth of omnipotence (万能). A baby comes to think that the world exists to meet his needs, and that he makes everything happen in it. He wakes up in the morning and summons the rest of the world to its tasks. He cries, and someone comes to attend to him. When he is hungry, people feed him, and when he is wet, people change him. Very often, we do not completely outgrow that infantile notion that our wishes cause things to happen.21. What is said about the two deceased elderly women?A) They lived out a natural life.B) They died of exhaustion after the long plane ride.C) They weren't accustomed to the change in weather.D) They died due to lack of care by family members.22. The author had to conduct the two women's funerals probably because ________.A) he wanted to console the two familiesB) he was an official from the communityC) he had great sympathy for the deceasedD) he was priest of the local church23. People feel guilty for the deaths of their loved ones because ________A) they couldn't find a better way to express their griefB) they believe that they were responsibleC) they had neglected the natural course of eventsD) they didn't know things often turn out in the opposite direction24. In the context of the passage, "... the world makes sense" (Line 2, Para, 4) probably means that ________.A) everything in the world is predeterminedB) the world can be interpreted in different waysC) there's an explanation for everything in the worldD) we have to be sensible in order to understand the world25. People have been made to believe since infancy that ________.A) everybody is at their commandB) life and death is an unsolved mysteryC) every story should have a happy endingD) their wishes are the cause of everything that happensPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Frustrated with delays in Sacramento, Bay Area officials said Thursday they planned to take matters into their own hands to regulate the region's growing pile of electronic trash. A San Jose councilwoman and a San Francisco supervisor said they would propose local initiatives aimed at controlling electronic waste if the California law-making body fails to act on two bills stalled in the Assembly~ They are among a growing number of California cities and counties that have expressed the same intention. Environmentalists and local governments are increasingly concerned about the toxic hazard posed by old electronic devices and the cost of safely recycling those products. An estimated 6 million televisions and computers are stocked in California homes, and an additional 6,000 to 7,000 computers become outdated every day. The machines contain high levels of lead and other hazardous substances, and are already banned from California landfills ( 垃圾填埋场 ). Legislation by Senator Byron Sher would require consumers to pay a recycling fee of up to $30 on every new machine containing a cathode ( 阴极 ) ray tube. Used in almost all video monitors and televisions, those devices contain four to eight pounds of lead each. The fees would go toward setting up recycling programs, providing grants to non-profit agencies that reuse the tubes and rewarding manufacturers that encourage recycling. A separate bill by Los Angeles-area Senator Gloria Romero would require high-tech manufacturers to develop programs to recycle so-called e-waste. If passed, the measures would put California at the forefront of national efforts to manage the refuse of the electronic age. But high-tech groups, including the Silicon Valley Manufacturing Group and the American Electronics Association, oppose the measures, arguing that fees of up to $30 will drive consumers to online, out-of-state retailers. "What really needs to occur is consumer education. Most consumers are unaware they're not supposed to throw computers in the trash," said Roxanne Gould, vice president of government relations for the electronics association. Computer recycling should be a local effort and part of residential waste collection programs, she added. Recycling electronic waste is a dangerous and specialized matter, and environmentalists maintain the state must support recycling efforts and ensure that the job isn't contracted to unscrupulous ( 毫⽆顾忌的 ) junk dealers who send the toxic parts overseas. "The graveyard of the high-tech revolution is ending up in rural China," said Ted Smith, director of the Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition. His group is pushing for an amendment to Sher's bill that would prevent the export of e-waste.26. What step were Bay Area officials going to take regarding e-waste disposal.'?A) Exert pressure on manufacturers of electronic devices.B) Lay down relevant local regulations themselves.C) Lobby the lawmakers of the California Assembly.D) Rally support to pass the stalled bills.27. The two bills stalled in the California Assembly both concern ________.A) regulations on dumping hazardous substances into landfillsB) the sale of used electronic devices to foreign countriesC) the funding of local initiatives to reuse electronic trashD) the reprocessing of the huge amounts of electronic waste in the state28. Consumers are not supposed to throw used computers in the trash because __.A) they contain large amounts of harmful substancesB) this is banned by the California governmentC) some parts may be recycled for use elsewhereD) unscrupulous dealers will retrieve them for profit29. High-tech groups believe that if an extra $30 is charged on every TV or computer purchased in California, consumers will _______.A) abandon online shoppingB) buy them from other statesC) strongly protest against such a chargeD) hesitate to upgrade their computers30. We learn from the passage that much of California's electronic waste has been _A) collected by non-profit agenciesB) dumped into local landfillsC) exported to foreign countriesD) recycled by computer manufacturersPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. Throughout the nation's more than 15,000 school districts, widely differing approaches to teaching science and math have emerged. Though there can be strength in diversity, a new international analysis suggests that this variability hasinstead contributed to lackluster (平淡的) achievement scores by U.S. children relative to their peers in other developed countries. Indeed, concludes William H. Schmidt of Michigan State University, who led the new analysis, "no single intellectually coherent vision dominates U.S. educational practice in math or science.'' The reason, he said, "is because the system is deeply and fundamentally flawed." The new analysis, released this week by the National Science Foundation in Arlington, Va., is based on data collected from about 50 nations as part of the Third International Mathematics and Science Study. Not only do approaches to teaching science and math vary among individual U.S. communities, the report finds, but there appears to be little strategic focus within a school district’s curricula, its textbooks, or its teachers' activities. This contrasts sharply with the coordinated national programs of most other countries. On average, U.S. students study more topics within science and math than their international counterparts do. This creates an educational environment that "is a mile wide and an i n c h d e e p , " S c h m i d t n o t e s .。

2005年6月六级英语考试最新模拟试题（一）Directions：Part One Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)(略) Part Two Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Good sense is the most equitably distributed thing in the world, for each man considers himself so well provided with it that even those who are most difficult to satisfy in everything else do not usually wish to have more of it than the y have already. It is not likely that everyone is mistaken in this; it shows, rather, that the ability to judge rightly and separate the true from the false, which is essentially what is called good sense or reason, is by nature equal in all men, and thus that our opinions differ not because some men are better endowed with reason than others, but only because we direct our thoughts along different paths, and do not consider the same things, for it is not enough to have a good mind: what is most important is to apply it rightly. The greatest souls are cap able of the greatest vices; and those who walk very slowly can advance much further, if they always keep to the direct road, than those who run and go astray. For my part, I have never presumed my mind to be more perfect than average in an y way; I have, in fact, often wished that my thoughts were as quick, or my imagination as precise and distinct, or my memory as capacious or prompt, as those of some other men.And I know of no other qualities than these which make for the perfection of the mind; for as to reason, or good sense, in as much as it alone makes us men and distinguishes us from the beasts, I am quite willing to believe that it is whole and entire in each of us, and to follow in the common opinion of the philosophers who say that there are differences of more or less only among the accidents, and not among the forms, or natures, of the individuals of a single species.21. According to the author, the three elements that comprise our mind are_____.A tenacity of thought, capacious memory, quickness of mindB precise of wit, ease of conscience, quickness of thoughtC quickness of wit, ease of conscience, quickness of thoughtD promptness of memory, distinctness of imagination, quickness of thought22. The basic idea of the first paragraph may be stated as follows .A all persons have an equal portion of good will when they are bornB great souls are capable of great evilC good sense, in terms of its distribution among persons, may be called co mmon senseD good sense is the mark of the truly good person23. About himself, the author states that ______.A he had always sensed his mental superiority over most personsB his awareness of his mental superiority over others was something that g rew slowly with experienceC he actually regards his own mental faculties as inferior in many ways to those of the great majority of personsD he has never had the feeling that his mind was more than average in any way24. The author claims that what sets human beings apart from beasts is_____.A a sense of organization combined with the ability to createB the ability to adapt to the surroundingsC a sense of reason coupled with a strong sense of practicalityD asense of reason25. According to the author the ability to distinguish between the true and the false is _____.A endowed by nature to all creaturesB endowed in equal measure to all personsC more heavily present in some persons than in othersD an unnatural, cultivated trait in all personsPassage 2Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional transportation, and public utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the“system”of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define“price,”many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product of service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product of service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchange d, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that supply t o the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, deliveryterms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total“package”being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.26. What is the best title for the passage?A The Inherent Weaknesses of the Price System.B The Complexities of the Price System.C Credit Terms in Transactions.D Resource Allocation and the Public Sector.27. According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to_____.A labor and educationB transportation and insuranceC utilities and repairsD products and services28. According to the passage, which of the following is NOTa factor in the complete understanding of price?A Instructions that come with a product.B The quantity of a product.C The quality of a product.D Warrenties that cover a product.29. In the last sentence of the passage,“they”refers to_____ .A return privilegesB all the factorsC buyer and sellerD money30. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses_____ .A unusual ways to advertise productsB types of payment plans for serviceC theories about how products affect different levels of societyD how certain elements of a price“package”influence its market value Passage 3 In the past oysters were raised in much the same way as dirt farmers raised tomatoes—by transplanting them. First, farmers selected the oyster bed, cleared the bottom of old shells and other debris , and then scattered clean shells about. Next they“planted”fertilized oyster eggs, which within two or thre e weeks hatched into larvae. The larvae drifted until they attached themselves to the clean shells on the bottom. There theyremained and in time grew into baby oysters called seed or spat . The spat grew larger by drawing in seawater from which they derived microscopic particles of food. Before long, farmers gathered the baby oysters, transplanted them in other waters to speed up their growth, and then transplanted them once more into another body of water to fatten t hem up.Until recently the supply of wild oysters and those crudely farmed were more than enough to satisfy people's needs. But today the delectable seafood is no longer available in abundance. The problem has become so serious that some oyster bed s have vanished entirely.Fortunately, as far back as the early 1900's marine biologists realized that if new measures were not taken, oysters would become extinct or at best a luxury food. So they set up well equipped hatcheries and went to work. But they did not have the proper equipment or the skill to handle the eggs. They did not know when, what, and how to feed the larvae. And they knew little about the predators t hat attacked and ate baby oysters by the millions. They failed, but they doggedly kept at it. Finally, in the 1940's a significant breakthrough was made.The marine biologists discovered that by raising the temperature of the water, t hey could induce oysters to spawn not only in the summer but also in the fall, winter, and spring. Later they developed a technique for feeding the larva e and rearing them to spat. Going still further, they succeeded in breeding new s trains that were resistant to diseases, grew faster and larger, and flourished in water of different salinities and temperatures. In addition, the cultivated oysters tasted better!31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A The Threatened Extinction of Marine LifeB The Cultivation of OystersC The Discoveries Made by MarineBiologistsD The Varieties of Wild Oysters32. In the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a stage of a n oyster's life?A DebrisB Egg C LarvaeD Spat33. According to the passage, which of the following words best describes t he efforts of themarine biologists working with oysters?A Persistent.B Intermittent.C Traditional.D Fruitless.34. In the passage, the author mentions that the new strains of oyster are______ .A cheaper B shaped differentlyC better texturedD healthier35. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?A Step by step description of the evolution of marine biology.B Discussion of chronological events concerning oyster production.C Random presentation of facts about oysters.D Description of oyster production at different geographic locations.Passage 4Chemistry did not emerge as a science until after the scientific revolution in t he seventeenth century and then only rather slowly and laboriously. But chemical knowledge is as old as history, being almost entirely concerned with the practical arts of living. Cooking is essentially a chemical process; so is the melting of metals and the administration of drugs and potions. This basic chemical know ledge, which was applied in most cases as a rule of thumb, was nevertheless dependent on previous experiment. It also served to stimulate a fundamental curiosity about the processes themselves. New information was always being gained as artisans improved techniques to gain better results.The development of a scientific approach to chemistry was, however, hampered by several factors. The most serious problem was the vast range of material available and theconsequent difficulty of organizing it into some system. In addition, there were social and intellectual difficulties, chemistry is nothing if not practical; those who practice it must use their hands, they must have a certain practical flair. Yet in many ancient civilizations, practical tasks were primarily the province of a slave population. The thinker or philosopher stood apart from this mundane world, where the practical arts appeared to lack any intellectual content or interest.The final problem for early chemical science was the element of secrecy. Experts in specific trades had developed their own techniques and guarded their knowledge to prevent others from stealing their livelihood. Another factor that contributed to secrecy was the esoteric nature of the knowledge of alchemists, who were trying to transform base metals into gold or were concerned with the hunt for t he elixir that would bestow the blessing of eternal life. In one sense, the second of these was the more serious impediment because the records of the chemical processes that early alchemists had discovered were often written down in symbolic language intelligible to very few or in symbols that were purposely obscure.36. What is the passage mainly about? A The scientific revolution in the seventeenth centuryB Reasons that chemistry developed slowly as a scienceC The practical aspects of chemistryD Difficulties of organizing knowledge systematically37. According to the passage, how did knowledge about chemical processes in crease before the seventeenth century?A Philosophers devised theories about chemical properties.B A special symbolic language was developed.C Experience led workers to revise their techniques.D Experts shared their discoveries with the public.38. The word“hampered" in Line 1 Para 2 is closest in meaning to_____ . A recognizedB determinedC solvedD hindered39. The word“it" in Line 3 Para 2 refers to which of the following? A problemB materialC difficultyD system40. Which of the following statements best explains why“the second of the se was the more serious impediment" (Lines 5-6 Para 3 )? A Chemical knowledge was limited to a small number of people.B The symbolic language used was very imprecise.C Very few new discoveries were made by alchemists.D The records of the chemical processes were not based on experiments.Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. United States citizens are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the declining _____of tooth decay. A occurrenceB treatmentC consequenceD misfortune42. Since any answer was likely to cause embarrassment to his party, the politician tried to _____the question.A evade B deludeC secludeD invade43. Prof Robert Durig's reputation has been greatly _____by the success of his new published book“Living in the Paradise".A heightenedB enlargedC multipliedD enhanced44. The chair was a moveable wonder, he loved the feeling of power and strength it gave him for so little_____ . A effortsB challengeC exertionD exchange45. She was _____her brains to remember the man's time, buther bad mem ory failed her.A hittingB beating C rackingD exhausting46. He is trying to take out a _____for his newly designed airplane en gines.A loanB precautionC patentD propaganda47. The people put up their right hands to _____that they agree with th e speaker.A signifyB attainC expressD undertake48. Any electric products sold in this famous department store will be _____for one year.A protectedB guaranteedC ensuredD assured49. Reading became difficult for the old lady, so the optician _____her a pair of glasses to make her reading possible.A subscribedB inscribedC prescribedD described50. The family was too _____to evacuate the house when the flood began.A obstinateB sturdyC determinedD optical51. On this test-track, the makers deliberately _____standard producti on cars to rough treatment. A undergo B subdue C subjectD treat52. The applicants to American Universities will be judged without ______as to race, color, or breed.A referenceB objectionC discriminationD specialty53. After the long illness my mother was too ______to climb the steps.A fatalB feebleC humbleD relaxed54. The child was on the _____of tears when his mother asked him what had happened to him.A vergeB borderC marginD rim55. On the front page, he _____his book to his director, Mr. Johnson.A dedicatedB presentedC devotedD offered56. If you keep on taking on more work than you can do, your health will ______.A degradeB degenerateC exhaustD deteriorate57. What he is reading is a quarterly containing ____of doctoral theses in progress.A abridgementsB outlinesCabstractsD synopses58. A firm which dismisses an employee on the grounds of redundancy is obliged to _____him for loss of employment.A compensateB compactC compelD compliment59. Robert and Tom are not on speaking terms now after a quarrel last week. What can we do to bring about a _____between them?A reservationB refreshmentC regimentD reconciliation60. The group of dancers had rehearsed the dance until their movements we re absolutely _____.A simultaneousB sensitiveC singularD figurative61. There is no electricity in my apartment again. Has the_____ blow then?A fuseB wireC plugD circuit62. During the business intervals, customers appreciate the guesting room s which are full of pictures and other beautiful_____ .A imitationsB illustrationsC ornamentsD implementations63. His long and loyal service with the company was ______with a present from the president.A admittedB acknowledgedC accomplishedD accepted64. The psychiatrists were debating if the accused man was _____enough to stand trial.A. sensibleB. rationalC. reasonableD. reciprocal65. A good teacher must know how to his ideas to _____the students, as generally agreed by educational experts.A displayB transmitC conveyD illuminate66. The _____of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of some physical aspect in the life style of the people.A implementationB expeditionC demonstrationD manifestation67. Despite their good service, most inns are less costly thanhotels of _____standards. A equivalentB uniformC exactD alike68. He has done stupid things before, but to look for the escaping gas wi th a match really was the _____silliness.A triumphantB unanimousC trivialD ultimate69. It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carry large amounts of cash, Virtually all financial____ will be conducted by computer.A transmissionsB transitionsC transactionsD traffic kings70. Many people emigrated to America because of being _____for their political or religious belief.A prosecutedB persecutedC imprisonedD executedPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］. Choose the best one an d mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the bracket s. (10 points)Traditional marriage in Britain is currently in a disturbance. Not only is the divorce rate rising, 71 the rate at which people marry is falling. Living together is more popular than 72 before. The shape of the family is now no longer one man, one woman and their children. Instead, there are 73numbers of families which include step-parents, half sisters and brothers, or merely one lonely parent coping 74 her own.Compared with other countries, Britain is still conservative in its marriage pat terns. In America, the divorce rate is 75 more shocking. Two ou t of five marriages 76 divorce. In Sweden living together is now more popular than marriage among couples in their early twenties and a similar 77 seems to be emerging in Denmark.Although this is happening on a smaller 78 in Britain, it has not yet become such a marked trend. But 79 we do follow the American and Scandinavian patterns, the 80 will see many more couples living together before marriage-and even more divorce.Interestingly enough, it is women 81men who get a divorce in the courts. Seven out of ten divorces are 82 to the wife. Divorce, of course, only reflects the 83 winding up of a marriage which may have 84 broken up long before. The partner who asks for divorce may not be the partner who 85 the marriage. Women usually have more to gain from the courts in the way of money, rights 86 the home, and child maintenance . 87 there is also a certain unequal proportion in one of the g rounds that the sexes choose for divorce. The grounds 88 unreasonable or cruel behavior are overwhelming, chosen by ten 89 more women t h an men. Does this mean that women will 90 less than they used to?71.［A］and［B］but［C］however［D］yet72.［A］ever［B］never［C］much［D］none73.[A] decreasing［B］growing［C］diminishing［D］enlarging 74.［A］with ［B］on［C］through ［D］by75.［A］still ［B］even ［C］rather ［D］ever76.［A］end in ［B］break in ［C］separate in ［D］slip in 77.［A］figure ［B］form ［C］model ［D］patter 78.［A］range ［B］size ［C］scale ［D］number 79.［A］unless ［B］if［C］when［D］while80.［A］result ［B］consequence ［C］future ［D］family81.［A］other than ［B］rather than ［C］apart from ［D］except for 82.［A］granted ［B］judged ［C］sentenced ［D］given83.［A］lawful ［B］legal［C］justifiable ［D］sociable 84.［A］efficiently ［B］factually ［C］effectively ［D］indefinitely 85.［A］broke up ［B］cause up ［C］call up［D］burst up86.［A］to［B］for［C］with［D］on87.［A］While［B］Therefore［C］So［D］But88.［A］on［B］that［C］of［D］which89.［A］ratios［B］times［C］rates［D］volumes90.［A］put up with［B］stand up with［C］come up with［D］take up withPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic :Cooperation and Competition. You should write at least 120 words and you should base yourcomposition o n the outline (given in Chinese )below:Cooperation and Competition1.现代社会合作与竞争并存2.有人认为竞争比合作更为重要3.你的观点答案：21.D 22.C 23.D 24.D 25.B 26.B 27.D 28.A 29.C 30.D 31.B 32.A 33.A 34.D 35.B 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.B 40.A 41.A 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.C 46.C 47.A 48.B 49.C 50.A 51.C 52.C 53.B 54.E 55.A 56.D 57.C 58.A 59.D 60.A 61.A 62.B 63.B 64.A 65.C 66.D 67.A 68.D 69.C 70.B 71.B 72.A 73.B 74.D 75.B 76.A 77.D 78.C 79.B 80.C 81.B 82.A 83.B 84.C 85.A 86.A 87.D 88.C 89.C 90.A。

2005年12月24日大学英语六级考试A卷试题含答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section A1.A) The dean should have consulted her on the appointment.B) Dr. Holden should have taken over the position earlier.C) She doesn’t think Dr. Holden has made a wise ch oice.D) Dr. Holden is the best person for the chairmanship.2 .A) They’ll keep in touch during the summer vacationB) They’ll hold a party before the summer vacationC) They’ll do odd jobs together at the school libraryD) They’ll get back to their school once in a while3. A)Peaches are in season now.B)Peaches are not at their best now.C)The woman didn’t know how to bargain.D)The woman helped the man choose the fruit.4.A)They join the physics club.B)They ask for an extension of the deadline.C)They work on the assignment together.D)They choose an easier assignment.5.A)She admires Jean’s straightforwardnessB)She thinks Dr. Brown deserves the praiseC)She will talk to Jean about what happenedD)She believes Jean was rude to Dr. Brown6.A)He liked writing when he was a childB)He enjoyed reading stories in Reader’s DigestC)He used to be an editor of Reader’s DigestD)He became well known at the age of six7.A)He shows great enthusiasm for his studiesB)He is a very versatile personC)He has no talent for tennisD)He does not study hard enough8 A) John has lost something at the railway stationB) There are several railway stations in the cityC) It will be very difficult for them to find JohnD) The train that John is taking will arrive soon9. A)Its rapid growth is beneficial to the worldB)It can be seen as a model by the rest of the worldC)Its success can’t be explained by elementary economicsD)It will continue to surge forward10.A)It takes only 5 minutes to reach the campus from the apartmentsB)Most students can’t afford to live in the new apartmentsC)The new apartments are not available until next monthD)The new apartments can accommodate 500 studentsSection B11.A)The role of immigrants in the construction of American societyB)The importance of offering diverse courses in European historyC)The need for greater cultural diversity in the school curriculumD)The historic landing of Europeans on the Virginia shore12.A)He was wondering if the speaker was used to living in AmericaB)He was trying to show friendliness to the speakerC)He wanted to keep their conversation goingD)He believed the speaker was a foreigner13.A)The US population doesn’t consist of white European descendants onlyB)Asian tourists can speak English as well as native speakers of the languageC)Colored people are not welcome in the United StatesD)Americans are in need of education in their history14.A)By making lawsB)By enforcing disciplineC)By educating the publicD)By holding ceremonies15.A)It should be raised by soldiersB)It should be raised quickly by handC)It should be raised only by AmericansD)It should be raised by mechanical means16.A)It should be attached to the statusB)It should be hung from the top of the monumentC)It should be spread over the object to be unveiledD)It should be carried high up in the air17.A)There has been a lot of controversy over the use of flagB)The best athletes can wear uniforms with the design of the flagC)There are precise regulations and customs to be followedD)Americans can print the flag on their cushions or handkerchiefsPassage Three18.A)Punishment by teachersB)Poor academic performanceC)TruancyD)Illness19.A)The Board of EducationB)Principals of city schoolsC)Students with good academic recordsD)Students with good attendance records20 . A) Punishing students who damage school propertyB) Rewarding schools that have decreased the destructionC) Promoting teachers who can prevent the destructionD) Cutting the budget for repairs and replacementsPart II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Passage oneToo many vulnerable child-free adults are being ruthlessly(无情的)manipulated into parent-hood by their parents , who think that happiness among older people depends on having a grand-child to spoil. We need an organization to help beat down the persistent campaigns of grandchildless parents. It’s time to establish Planned Grandparenthood, which would have many global and local benefits. Part of its mission would be to promote the risks and realities associated with being a grandparent. The staff would include depressed grandparents who would explain how grandkids break lamps, bite, scream and kick. Others would detail how an hour of baby-sitting often turns into a crying marathon. More grandparents would testify that they had to pay for their grandchild’s expensive college education.Planned grandparentho od’s carefully written literature would detail all the joys of life grand-child-free a calm living room, extra money for luxuries during the golden years, etc. Potential grandparents would be reminded that, without grandchildren around, it’s possible to ha ve a conversation with your kids,who----incidentally-----would have more time for their own parents . Meanwhile, most children are vulnerable to the enormous influence exerted by grandchildless parents aiming to persuade their kids to produce children . They will take a call from a persistent parent, even if they’re loaded with works. In addition, some parents make handsome money offers payable upon the grandchild’s birth. Sometimes these gifts not only cover expenses associated with the infant’s birth, b ut extras, too, like a vacation. In any case, cash gifts canweaken the resolve of even the noblest person.At Planned Grandparenthood, children targeted by their parents to reproduce could obtain non-biased information about the insanity of having their own kids. The catastrophic psychological and economic costs of childbearing would be emphasized. The symptoms of morning sickness would be listed and horrors of childbirth pictured. A monthly newsletter would contain stories about overwhelmed parents and offer guidance on how childless adults can respond to the different lobbying tactics that would-be grandparents employ.When I think about all the problems of our overpopulated world and look at our boy grabbing at the lamp by the sofa, I wish I could have turned to Planned Grandparenthood when my parents were putting the grandchild squeeze on me. If I could have, I might not be in this parenthood predicament( 窘境) . But here’s the crazy irony, I don’t want my child-free life back . Dylan’s too much fun.21. What’s the purpose of the proposed organization Planned Grandparenthood?A) To encourage childless couples to have children.B) To provide facilities and services for grandchildless parents.C) To offer counseling to people on how to raise grandchildren.D) To discourage people from insisting on having grandchildren.22. Planned Grandparenthood would include depressed grandparents on its staff in order to____.A) show them the joys of life grandparents may have in raising grandchildrenB) draw attention to the troubles and difficulties grandchildren may causeC) share their experience in raising grandchildren in a more scientific wayD) help raise funds to cover the high expense of education for grandchildren23. According to the passage, some couples may eventually choose to have children because_____.A) they find it hard to resist the carrot-and-stick approach of their parentsB) they have learn from other parents about the joys of having childrenC) they feel more and more lonely ad they grow olderD) they have found it irrational to remain childless24.By saying “… my parents were putting the grandchild squeeze on me” (Line 2-3,Para. 6), the author means that _________.A) her parents kept pressuring her to have a childB) her parents liked to have a grandchild in their armsC) her parents asked her to save for the expenses of raising a childD) her parents kept blaming her for her child’s bad behavior25.What does the author really of the idea of having children?A) It does more harm than good.B) It contributes to overpopulation.C) It is troublesome but rewarding.D) It is a psychological catastrophePassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Ask most people how they define the American Dream and chanc es are they’ll say, “Success.” The dream of individual opportunity has been home in American since Europeans discovered a “new world” in the Western Hemisphere. Early immigrants like Hector St. Jean de Crevecoeur praised highly the freedom and opportunity to be found in this new land. His glowing descriptions of a classless society where anyone could attain success through honesty and hard work fired the imaginations of many European readers: in Letters from an American Farmer (1782) he wrote. “We are all e xcited at the spirit of an industry which is unfettered (无拘无束的) and unrestrained, because each person works for himself … We have no princes, for whom we toil (干苦力活)，starve, and bleed: we are the most perfect society now existing in the world.” The promise of a land where “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” drew poor immigrants from Europe and fueled national expansion into the western territories.Our national mythology (神化) is full of illustration the American success story. There’s Benjamin Franklin, the very model of the self-educated, self-made man, who rose from modest origins to become a well-known scientist, philosopher, and statesman. In the nineteenth century, Horatio Alger, a writer of fiction for young boys, became American’s best-selling author with rags-to-riches tales. The notion of success haunts us: we spend million every year reading about the rich and famous, learning how to “make a fortune in real estate with no money down,” and “dressing for success.” The m yth of success has even invaded our personal relationships: today it’s as important to be “successful” in marriage or parenthoods as it is to come out on top in business.But dreams easily turn into nightmares. Every American who hopes to “make it” also knows the fear of failure, because the myth of success inevitably implies comparison between the haves and the have-nots, the stars and the anonymous crowd. Under pressure of the myth, we become indulged in status symbols: we try to live in the “right” neighborhoods, wear the “right” clothes, eat the “right” foods. These symbols of distinction assure us and others that we believe strongly in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens.26. What is the essence of the American Dream according to Crevecoeur?A) People are free to develop their power of imagination.B) People who are honest and work hard can succeed.C) People are free from exploitation and oppression.D) People can fully enjoy individual freedom.27.By saying “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” (Line 10, Para. 1), the author means __________ .A) the more diligent one is, the bigger his returnsB) laborious work ensures the growth of an industryC) a man’s business should be developed step by stepD) a company’s success depends on its employees’ hard work28. The characters described in Horatio Alger’s novels are people who _______.A) succeed in real estate investmentB) earned enormous fortunes by chancesC) became wealthy after starting life very poorD) became famous despite their modest origins29. It can be inferred from the last sentence of the second paragraph that_________.A) business success often contributes to a successful marriageB) Americans wish to succeed in every aspect of lifeC) good personal relationships lead to business successD) successful business people provide good care for their children30. What is the paradox of American culture according to the author?A) The American road to success is full of nightmares.B) Status symbols are not a real indicator of a person’s wealth.C) The American Dream is nothing but an empty dream.D) What Americans strive after often contradicts their beliefs.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Public distrust of scientists stems in part from the blurring of boundaries between science and technology, between discovery and manufacture. Most government, perhaps all governments, justify public expenditure on scientific research in terms of the economic benefits the scientific enterprise ha brought in the past and will bring in the future. Politicians remind their voters of the splendid machines ‘our scientists’ have invented, the new drugs to relieve old ailments (病痛), and the new surgical equipment and techniques by which previously intractable (难治疗的) conditions may now be treated and lives saved. At the same time, the politicians demand of scientists that they tailor their re search to ‘economics needs’, that they award a higher priority to research proposals that are ‘near the market’ and can be translated into the greatest return on investment in the shortest time. Dependent, as they are, on politicians for much of their funding, scientists have little choice but to comply. Like the rest of us, they are members of a society that rates the creation of wealth as the greatest possible good. Many have reservations, but keep them to themselves in what they perceive as a climate hostile to the pursuit of understanding for its own sake and the idea of an inquiring, creative spirit.In such circumstances no one should be too hard on people who are suspicious of conflicts of interest. When we learn that the distinguished professor assuring us of the safety of a particular product holds a consultancy with the company making it, we cannot be blamed for wondering whether his fee might conceivably cloud his professional judgment. Even if the professor holds no consultancy with any firm, some people many still distrust him because of his association with those who do, or at least wonder about the source of some his research funding.This attitude can have damaging effects. It questions the integrity of individuals working in a profession that prizes intellectual honesty as the supreme virtue, and plays into the hands of those who would like to discredit scientists by representing then a venal (可以收买的). This makes it easier to dismiss all scientific pronouncements, but especially those made by the scientists who present themselves as ‘experts’. The scientist most likely to understand the safety of a nuclear reactor, for example, is a nuclear engineer declares that a reactor is unsafe, we believe him, because clearly it is not to his advantage to lie about it. If he tells us it is safe, on the other hand, we distrust him, because he may well be protecting the employer who pays his salary.31. What is the chief concern of most governments when it comes to scientific research?A) Support from the votes.B) The reduction of public expenditure.C) Quick economics returns.D) The budget for a research project.32. Scientist have to adapt their research to ‘economic needs’ in order to_________ .A) impress the public with their achievementsB) pu rsue knowledge for knowledge’s sakeC) obtain funding from the governmentD) translate knowledge into wealth33. Why won’t scientists complain about the government’s policy concerning scientific research?A) They think they work in an environment hostile to the free pursuit of knowledge.B) They are accustomed to keeping their opinions to themselves.C) They know it takes patience to win support from the public.D) They think compliance with government policy is in the interests of the public.34. According to the author, people are suspicious of the professional judgment of scientists because ___________ .A) their pronouncements often turn out to be wrongB) sometimes they hide the source of their research fundingC) some of them do not give priority to intellectual honestyD) they could be influenced by their association with the project concerned35. Why does the author say that public distrust of scientists can have damaging effects?A) It makes things difficult for scientists seeking research funds.B) People would not believe scientists even when they tell the truth.C) It may dampen the enthusiasm of scientists for independent research.D) Scientists themselves may doubt the value of their research findings.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In many ways, today’s business environment has changed qualitatively since the late 1980s. The end of the Cold War radically altered the very nature of the world’s politics and economics. In just a few short year s, globalization has started a variety of trends with profound consequences: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation (解除政府对……的控制) of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital. We have experienced both the benefits and risks of a truly global economy, with both Wall Street and Main Street (平民百姓) feeling the pains of economic disorder half a world away.At the same time, we have fully entered the Information Age, Starting breakthroughs in information technology have irreversibly altered the ability to conduct business unconstrained by the traditional limitations of time or space. Today, it’s almost impossi ble to imagine a world without intranets, e-mail, and portable computers. With stunning speed, the Internet is profoundly changing the way we work, shop, do business, and communicate.As a consequence, we have truly entered the Post-Industrial economy. We are rapidly shifting from an economy based on manufacturing and commodities to one that places the greatest value on information, services, support, and distribution. That shift, in turn, place an unprecedented premium on “knowledge workers,” a new class of wealthy, educated, and mobile people who view themselves as free agents in a seller’s market.Beyond the realm of information technology, the accelerated pace of technological change in virtually every industry has created entirely new business, wiped out others, and produced a Pervasive( 广泛的) demand for continuous innovation. New product, process ,and distribution technologies provide powerful levers for creating competitive value. More companies are learning the importance of destructive technologies-----innovations that hold the potential to make a product line, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.Another major trend has been the fragmentation of consumer and business markets. There’s a growing appreciation that superficially simi lar groups of customers may have very different preferences in terms of what they want to buy and how they want to buy it. Now, new technology makes it easier, faster ,andcheaper to identify and serve targeted micro-markets in ways that were physically impossible or prohibitively expensive in the past. Moreover, the trend feeds on itself, a business’s ability to serve sub-markets fuels customers’ appetites for more and more specialized offerings.36. According to the first paragraph, the chances in the business environment in the past decades can be attributed to __________.A) technological advancesB) worldwide economic disorderC) the fierce competition in industryD) the globalization of economy37. what idea does the author want to convey in the second paragraph ?A) The rapid development of information technology has taken businessmen by surpriseB) Information technology has removed the restrictions of time and space in business transactionsC) The Internet, intranets, e-mail, and portable computers have penetrated every corner of the world.D) The way we do business today has brought about startling breakthroughs in information technology.38. If a business wants to thrive in the Post-Industrial economy,__________A) it has to invest more capital in the training of free agents to operate in a seller’s marketB) it should try its best to satisfy the increasing demands of mobile knowledgeable peopleC) it should not overlook the importance of information, services, support, and distributionD) it has to provide each of its employees with the latest information about the changing market39. In the author’s view, destructive technologies are innovations which_________A) can eliminate an entire business segmentB) demand a radical change in providing servicesC) may destroy the potential of a company to make any profitD) call for continuous improvement in ways of doing business40. With the fragmentation of consumer and business markets ______________A) an increasing number of companies have disintegratedB) manufacturers must focus on one special product to remain competitive in the marketC) it is physically impossible and prohibitively expensive to do business in the old wayD) businesses have to meet individual customers’ speci fic needs in order to succeed .Part III Vocabulary (20minutes)41. It seems somewhat ___________ to expect anyone to drive 3 hours just for a 20-minute meeting.A) eccentric B) impossible C) absurd D) unique42. This area of the park has been specially __________ for children, but accompanying adults are also welcome.A) inaugurated B) designated C) entitled D) delegated43. The girl’s face __________ with embarrassment during the interview when she couldn’t answer the tough question.A) beamed B) dazzled C) radiated D) flushed44. Slavery was __________ in Canada in 1833, and Canadian authorities encouraged the slaves, who escaped from America, to settle on its vast virgin landA) diluted B) dissipated C) abolished D) resigned45. Unfortunately, the new edition of dictionary is __________ in all major bookshops.A) out of reach B) out of stock C) out of business D) out of season46. The hands on my alarm clock are __________, so I can see what time it is in the dark.A) exotic B) gorgeous C) luminous D) spectacular47. Psychologists have done extensive studies on how well patients __________ with doctors’ orders.A) comply B) correspond C) interfere D) interact48. In today’s class, the students were asked to __their mistakes on the exam paper and put in their possible corrections.A) cancel B) omit C)extinguish D)erase49. The Government’s policies will come under close __ in the weeks before the election.A) appreciation B) specification C)scrutiny D)apprehension50. Police and villagers unanimously __the forest fire to thunder and lightning.A) ascribed B) approached C)confirmed D)confined51. In some remote places there are still very poor people who can’t afford to live in __conditions.A) gracious B) decent C)honorable D)positive52. Since our knowledge is __ none of us can exclude the possibility of being wrong.A) controlled B )restrained C)finite D)delicate53. You shouldn’t __your father’s instructions. Anyway he is an experienced teacher.A) deduce B) deliberate C)defy D)denounce54. The company management attempted to __information that was not favorable to them, but it was all in vain.A) suppress B) supplement C)concentrate D)Plug55. It is my hope that everyone in this class should __ their errors before it is too late.A) refute B) exclude C)expel D)rectify56. The boy’s foolish question __his mother who was busy with housework and had no interest in talking.A) Intrigued B) fascinated C) irritated D)stimulated57. Millions of people around the world have some type of physical, mental, or emotional __ that severely limits their abilities to manage their daily activities. A) scandal B) misfortune C)deficit D)handicap58. It is believed that the feeding patterns parents __ on their children can determine their adolescent and adult eating habits.A) compel B) impose C)evoke D)necessitate59.If the value-added tax were done away with, it would act as a __ to consumption.A) progression B) prime C)stability D)stimulus60. The bride and groom promised to __ each other through sickness and health.A) nourish B) nominate C)roster D)cherish61. They’re going to build a big office block on that __ piece of land.A) void B) vacant C)blank D)shallow62. Without any hesitation, she took off her shoes, __up her skirt and splashed across the stream.A) tucked B) revolved C)twisted D)curled63.Very few people could understand his lecture because the subject was very __.A) faint B) obscure C)gloomy D)indefinite64. Professor Smith explained the movement of light__ that of water.A) by analogy with B) by virtue of C)in line with D)in terms of65. Tom is bankrupt now. He is desperate because all his efforts __ failure.A) tumbled to B) hinged upon C)inflicted on D)culminated in66. While fashion is thought of usually __ clothing, it is important to realize that it covers a much wider domain.A) in relation to B) in proportion to C)by means of D)on behalf of67. The meaning of the sentence is __; you can interpret it in several ways.A) skeptical B) intelligible C)ambiguous D)exclusive68. Cancer is a group of diseases in which there is uncontrolled and disordered growth of __ cells.A) irrelevant B) inferior C)controversial D)abnormal69.At that time, the economy was still undergoing a __,and job offers were hard to get.A) concession B) supervision C)recession D)deviation70.I could hear nothing but the roar of the airplane engines which __all other sounds.A) overturned B) drowned C)deafened D)smoothedPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Every week hundreds of CVs(简历) land on our desks.We’ve seen it all: CVs printed on pink paper, CVs that are 10pages long and CVs with silly mistakes in first paragraph. A S1 _____________ good CV is your passport to an interview and ,ultimate , to S2______________ the job you want Initial impressions are vital, and a badly presented CVcould mean acceptance, regardless of what’s in it. S3______________Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject pile. S4______________Print your CV on good-quality white paper.CVs with flowery backgrounds or pink paper willstand out upon all the wrong reasons S5_______________Get someone to check for spelling and grammaticalerrors, because a spell-checker will pick up every S6_______________ mistake. CVs with errors will be rejected-it showsthat you don’t pay attention to detail.Restrict your self to one or two pages, andlisting any publications or referees on a separate sheet. S7_______________If you are sending your CV electronically, check theformatting by sending it to yourself first. keep up S8______________the format simple.Do not send a photo unless specifically requested. Ifyou have to send on ,make sure it is one taking in a S9_____________ professional setting, rather than a holiday snap.Getting the presentation right is just the first step. Whatabout the content? The Rule here is to keep it factual andTruthful-exaggerations usually get find out. And remember S10____________to tailor your CV to each different job.Part V Writing (30minutes)Direction For this part ,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a company declining a job offer, You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below1、对公司提供职位表示感谢2、解释为何不能接受所提供的职位3、希望给与谅解，并表达对公司的良好祝愿A Letter Declining a Job Offer。

2005年6月18日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Example:You will hear: You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish by 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark itwith a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1.A) It will reduce government revenues.B) It will stimulate business activities.C) It will mainly benefit the wealthy.D) It will cut the stockholders’ dividends.（C）2.A) She will do her best if the job is worth doing.B) She prefers a life of continued exploration.C) She will stick to the job if the pay is good.D) She doesn’t think much of job-hopping.（B）3.A) Stop thinking about the matter.B) Talk the drug user out of the habit.C) Be more friendly to his schoolmate.D) Keep his distance from drug addicts.（D）4.A) The son.B) The father.C) The mother.D) Aunt Louise.（C）5.A) Stay away for a couple of weeks.B) Check the locks every two weeks.C) Look after the Johnsons’ house.D) Move to another place.（A）6.A) He would like to warm up for the game.B) He didn’t want to be held up in traffic.C) He didn’t want to miss the game.D) He wanted to catch as many game birds as possible.（C）7.A) It was burned down.B) It was robbed.C) It was blown up.D) It was closed down.（B）8.A) She isn’t going to change her major.B) She plans to major in tax law.C) She studies in the same school as her brother.D) She isn’t going to work in her brother’s firm.（D）9.A) The man should phone the hotel for directions.B) The man can ask the department store for help.C) She doesn’t have the hotel’s phone number.D) The hotel is just around the corner.（A）10.A) She doesn’t expect to finish all her work in thirty minutes.B) She has to do a lot of things within a short time.C) She has been overworking for a long time.D) She doesn’t know why there are so many things to do.（B）Section B Compound Dictation注意：听力理解的B节(Section B)为复合式听写(CompoundDictation)，题目在试卷二上，现在请取出试卷二。

2005年6月全国大学英语六级考试全真模拟试题Part I Listening Comprehension （20 minutes）(略)Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension （35 minutes）Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices mared A）, B）, C） and D）.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:There are three basic ways in which individual economic units interact with one another. They are the market system, the administered system, and the traditional system.In a market system, individual economic units are free to interact among each other in the market place. Transactions may take place through barter or money exchange. In a barter economy,real goods such as automobiles, shoes, and pizzas are traded against each other. Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade an old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an easy task. Hence the introduction of money as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably.An alternative to the market system is administered control by some agency over all transactions. This agency will issue laws or commands as to how much each goods and service should be produced, exchanged, and consumed by each economic unit. Central planning may be one way of administering such an economy. The central plan drawn up by the government shows the amount of each commodity produced by the various firms and distributed to different households for consumption.In a traditional society, production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition. Each per son′s place with the economic system is fixed by parentage, religion, and custom. Transactions take place on the basis of tradition, too. People belonging to a certain group or caste may have an obligation to care for other persons, provide them with food and shelter, care for their health,and provide for their education. Clearly, in a system where every decision is made on the basis of tradition alone progress may be difficult to achieve.21. What is the main purpose of the passage?A） T o explain the science of economics.B） To outline types of economic systems.C） To argue for the superiority of one economic system.D） To compare barter and money exchange markets.22. In the second paragraph, by which of the following could the word "real" best be replaced?A） High quality.B） Concrete.C） Utter.D） Essential.23. According to the passage, a barter economy can lead toA） rapid speed of transactionsB） misunderstandingsC） inflationD） difficulties for the traders24. According to the passage who has the greatest degree of control on an administered system?A） Individual households.B） Small businesses.C） Major companies.D） The government.25. Which of the following statements is true?A） The central plan drawn up by the government is mainly based on the needs of the state as a whole.B） The economic system in China is based on the traditional system.C）In a market system, transactions are controlled by the government.D） In a traditional society, economy develops very fast.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide （二氧化碳） acts rather like a one-way mirror—the glass in the roof of a greenhouse which allows the sun′s rays to enter but prevents the hea t from escaping.According to a weather expert′s prediction, the atmosphere will be 3℃ warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate. If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several metres and severely flooding coastal cities, Also, the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere, possibly resulting in an alteration of the earth′s-chief food-growing zones.In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming: in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fiftyyears from the burning of fuels. Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing. The evidence available suggests that a warming has taken place. This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth.However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere,where temperatures seem to be falling. Scientists conclude,therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man. The question is: Which natural cause has most effect on the weather?One possibility is the variable behavior of the sun. Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and "cold" spots（that is, the relatively less hot spots） on the sun.As the sun rotates, every 27.5 days, it presents hotter or "colder" faces to the earth, and different aspects to different parts of the earth. This seems to have a considerable effect on the distribution of the earth′s atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation. The sun is also variable over a long term: its heat output goes up and down in cycles, the latest trend being downward.Scientists are now finding mutual relations between models or solar-weather interactions and the actual climate over many thousand of years, including the last Ice Age. The problem is that the models are predicting that the world should be entering a new Ice Age and it is not. One way of solving this theoretical difficulty is to assume a delay of thousands of years while the solar effects overcome the inertia of the earth′s climate. If this is right, the warming effect of carbon dioxide might thus be serving as a useful counter-b alance to the sun′s diminishing heat.26. It can be concluded that a concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would .A）prevent the sun′s rays from reaching the earth′s surfaceB） mean a warming up in the ArcticC） account for great changes in the climate in the northern hemisphereD）raise the temperature of the earth′s surface27. The article was written to explain .A） the greenhouse effectB） the solar effects on the earthC） the models of solar weather interactionsD） the causes affecting weather28. Although the fuel consumption is greater in the northern hemisphere, temperatures there seem to be falling. This is .A） mainly because the levels of carbon dioxide are risingB） possibly because the ice caps in the poles are meltingC）exclusively due to the effect of the inertia of the earth′s climateD） partly due to variations in the output of solar energy29. On the basis of their models, scientists are of the opinion that .A） the climate of the world should be becoming coolerB）it will take thousands of years fro the inertia of the earth′s climate to take effectC）the man made warming effect helps to increase the solar effectD）the new Ice Age will be delayed by the greenhouse effect30. If the assumption about the delay of a new Ice Age is correct, .A）the best way to overcome the cooling effect would be to burn more fuelsB） ice would soon cover the northern hemisphereC） the increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could warm up the earth even more quicklyD）the greenhouse effect could work to the advantage of the earthPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Before the 1850′s the United States had a number of small colleges, most of them dating from colonial days. They were small,church-connected institutions whose primary concern was to shape the moral character of their students.Throughout Europe, institutions of higher learning had developed, bearing the ancient name of university. In Germany a different kind of university had developed. The German university was concerned primarily with creating and spreading knowledge,not morals. Between midcentury and the end of the 1800′s, more than nine thousand young Americans, dissatisfied with their training at home, went Germany for advanced study. Some of them returned to become presidents of venerable （受人尊敬的）colleges—Harvard, Yale, Columbia—and transform them into modern universities The new presidents broke all ties with the churches and brought in a new kind of faculty.Professors were hired for their knowledge of a subject, not because they were of the proper faith and had a strong arm for disciplining students. The new principle was that a university was to create knowledge as well as pass it on,and this called for a faculty composed of teacher scholars. Drilling and learning by rote （死记硬背）were replaced by the German method oflecturing, in which the pr ofessor′s own research was presented in class. Graduate training leading to the Ph. D, an ancient German degree signifying the highest level of advanced scholarly attainment, was introduced. With the establishment of the seminar system, graduate students learned to question, analyze,and conduct their own research.At the same time, the new university greatly expanded in size and course offerings, breaking completely out of the old, constricted curriculum of mathematics, classics, rhetoric, and music. The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system, by which students were able to choose their own courses of study. The notion of major fields of study emerged. The new goal was to make the university relevant to the real pursuits of the world. Paying close heed to the practical needs of society, the new universities trained men and women to work at its tasks, with engineering students being the most characteristic of the new regime. Students were also trained as economists, architects, agriculturalists, social welfare workers, and teachers.31. The word "this" （sentence 8, Para. 2） refers to which of the following?A）Creating and passing on knowledge. B）Drilling and learning by rote.C）Disciplining students. D）Developing moral principles.32. According to the passage, the seminar system encouraged students to .A） discuss moral issues B） study the classics, rhetoric, and musicC） study overseasD） work more independently33. It can be inferred from the passage that before 1850, allof the following were Characteristic of higher education EXCEPT .A） the elective system B） drillingC） strict discipline D） rote learning34. Those who favored the new university would be likely to agree with which of the following statements?A） Learning is best achieved through discipline and drill.B） Shaping the moral character of students should be the primary goal.C） Higher education should prepare students to contribute to society.D） Teachers should select their students courses.35. Why many students decided to study aboard?A）Because thousands of young Americans wanted to go to Germany to study.B）Because young Americans were not satisfied with their school system in the USA.C）Because American professors were not as good as those abroad.D）Because European universities were not connected with churches.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The nuclear age in which the human race is living, and may soon be dying, began for the general public with the dropping of an atom bomb on Hiroshima on 6 August 1945. But for nuclear scientists and for certain American authorities, it had been known for some time that such a weapon was possible.An atom consists of a tiny core called the "nucleus" with attendant electrons circling round it. The hydrogen atom, whichis the simplest and lightest, has only one electron. Heavier atoms have more and more as they go up the scale. The first discovery that had to do with what goes on in nuclei was radioactivity, which is caused by particles being shot out of the nucleus. It was known that a great deal of energy is locked up in the nucleus, but until just before the outbreak of the Second World War, there was no way of releasing this energy in any large quantity. A revolutionary discovery was that, in certain circumstances, mass can be transformed into energy in accordance with Einstein′s formula which states that the energy generated is equal to the mass lost multiplied by the square of the velocity of light.The A-bomb, however, used a different process, depending upon radioactivity. In this process, called "fission", a heavier atomsplits into two lighter atoms. In general, in radioactive substances this fission proceeds at a constant rate which is slow where substances occurring in nature are concerned. But there is one form of uranium called "U235" which, when it is pure, sets up a chain reaction which spreads like fire, though with enormously greater rapidity. It is this substance that was used in making the atom bomb.The political background of the atomic scientists′ work was the determination to defeat the Nazis. It was held—I think rightly—that a Nazi victory would be an appalling disaster. It was also held, in Western countries, that German scientists must be well advanced towards making an A-bomb, and that if they succeeded before the West did they would probably win the war. When the war was over,it was discovered, to the complete astonishment of both American and British scientists, that the Germans were nowhere near success, and, as everybody knows, the Germans were defeated before any nuclear weapon had beenmade. But I do not think that nuclear scientists of the West can be blamed for thinking the work urgent and necessary. Even Einstein favored it.When, however, the German war was finished, the great majority of those scientists who had collaborated towards making the A-bomb considered that it should not be used against the Japanese,who were already on the verge （边缘） of defeat and, in any case,did not constitute such a menace to the world as Hitler. Many of them made urgent represent ations to the American Government advocating that, instead of using the bomb as a weapon of war, they should after a public announcement, explode it in a desert, and that future control of nuclear energy should be placed in the hands of an international authority. Seven of the most eminent of nuclear scientists drew up what is known as "The Franck Report" which they presented to the Secretary of War in June 1945. This is a very admirable and far-seeing document, and if it had won the assent of the politicians, none of our subsequent terrors would have arisen.36. We may infer that the writer′s attitude towards the A bomb is that .A） it is a necessary evilB） it is a terrible threat to the whole of mankindC） it played a vital part in defeating the JapaneseD） it was a wonderful invention37. According to the passage, an atom is heavy if .A） it has a large nucleusB） it is radioactiveC） its nucleus has many electronsD） its nucleus shoots out many particles38. The American and British scientists were astonished atthe end of the Second World War against Germany because .A）the Germans had been defeated without the use of nuclear weaponsB）the Western countries had won before they had invented nuclear weaponsC） they thought the Germans would probably win the warD）the Germans had made little progress in developing nuclear weapons39. According to the writer, most scientists who had helped in making the A bomb considered that it should not be used against the Japanese because .A） it was such a dangerous weaponB） its use against the Japanese, was unnecessaryC） it was a very inhumane weaponD） the German war was finished40.It is implied that the nuclear scientists .A）might not have agreed to develop the bomb if there had been no Nazi threatB） would have developed the bomb even without the Nazi threatC）would have made the bomb, under peace time conditions, but only for the use of an international authority D）developed the bomb because Einstein thought it urgent and necessaryPart Ⅲ Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with asingle line through the center.41.The British Library____ the right to a free copy of everynew book published in the United Kingdom.A) contains B) retiresC) retains D) conveys42.The secretary____ the foreign minister____ an interview hewas to give that afternoon.A) reminded … ofB) reassured…aboutC) consulted…aboutD) questioned…to43. The way other people behave towards us influences howwe____ ourselves.A) conceive of B) consist of C) confront with D) conform to44. I suppose some people create an idea of who they want tobe and, they ____ it____.A) work…over B) bear…out C) live…out D) get… over45.With the economy of the country growing strong, the____mood is one of optimism .A) presiding B) circulating C) floating D) prevailing46. These technological advances in communication have____ theway people do business.A) revolted B) represented C) adopted D) transformed47. The workers of the textile mill ____ that trade unionleaders be elected from the workshops .A) urged B) related C) combated D) adapted48. It is a____ of our company to give refunds if goods arefaulty.A) policy B) discipline C) decision D) determination49. ____ friends helped him to get appointed ambassador toFrance .A) Efficient B) Influential C) Impressive D) Effective50.Their ambitious schemes for making money quickly____.A) took a chanceB) came to nothingC) went into actionD) got to the point51.She knew who wrote the letter, so without opening it shetore it into pieces____A) in excitementB) in disappointmentC) in disgustD) in expectation52.He had always been ____the way Ruth looked, and had neveronce paid her a compliment .A) oblivious to B) guilty of C) wary of D) subject to53.Familarity with a wide range of idiomatic expressions, andthe ability to use them appropriately____ are among thedistinguishing marks of command of English like a native.A) in context B) in practice C) in place D) in case54.We are still____ things here, but I can’t guarantee thesituation will stay that way.A) in memory ofB) in search ofC) in control ofD) in need of5.Democratic government is a phrase that is notoriously hardto____.A) credit B) defy C) modify D) define56.Bill is rich. His house is full of ____ such as expensivehigh-tech video systems and all the latest computerequipment.A) luxuries B) festivities C) dimensions D) instruments57.She is quite capable, but the problem is that she isnot____.A) consistent B) insistent C) beneficent D) resistant58.Based on the____ that every business is now free toformulate its own strategy in light of the changing market, I would predict a market improvement in the efficiency ofChina’s economy.A) guidance B) instruction C . premise D) eminence59.Nurses should do all they can to make their patients feel____.A .on board B) at ease C) at leisure D) at heart60.The accused was ____to have been the leader of the plot tooverthrow the government A) reconciled B) blended C) allegedD) referred61. She ____the letter, put it in the envelope and handed itto her father.A) folded B) wrapped C) rolled D) slided62. In the last century, new drugs have ____ improved healththroughout the world.A) inconsistently B) supposedly C) notedly D) markedly63. Now a paper argues that organic chemicals in the rock comemostly from ____ on earth rather than bacteria on Mars.A) configurationB) constitutionC) condemnationD) contamination64. When he went to the airport for the ticket, Tom suddenlyealized that his passport had ____ for half a year.A) abolished B) expired C) amended D) constrained65. Since the information was easily____, we found itimmediately.A) acceptable B) accessory C) accessible D) possible66.There is no known cure for SARS, but doctors are developingways to help sufferers ____ it.A) retard B) eliminate C) dispense D) handle67. She was____ her brains to remember the man’s time, but herbad memory failed her.A) hitting B) beating C) racking D) exhausting68. Many apartments have doors with a security window so thatone may____ outside and observe visitors without being seen.A) peer B) peek C) peel D) pile69. French cars are more elegantly styled than their British____.A) counterparts B) equals C) ones D) copies70. After failing his driving test four times, he finally____trying to pass.A) gave up B) gave away C) gave off D) gave inPart Ⅳ Error Correction (15 minutes）Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. If you change a word, cross it out write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧） in the correct place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and be sure to put slash (/) in the blank.[WTHZ]Error Correction:The first man known to use a signal other thana bonfire(大篝火)used a chandelier(枝形吊灯).He was lord of a castle that stood near a rocky seacoast..He hang the chandelier, containing many 71_________ large tallow candles ,in the highest tower of his castle .Thus he warned passing ship from the danger 72________ along the coast.Candles soon became the common fuel for signal lights.They were later replaced by oil lamps,that could burn longer and brighter. Kerosene and 73_________gas lamps also tried .These are still in use now in 74_________some smaller lighthouses. But today most lighthousessent electric light blazing out over the sea. 75_________ The ancient fire signals could only say “Danger!Keep off !”But the modern lighthouse alsoidentifies it in a code known to all shipping .Mostof 76_________the great lights have their own special signals. Thelight may be one that blinks—as a giant firefly in the 77_________night .Or it may be a revolved light that is red and 78_________then green. Or it may be only white .But however 79__________the signal ,it is sent very regularly. A ship within itsrange is never at a loss to know which lighthouse itis , and where it is being located . 80__________Part Ⅴ Writing （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to writes a composition entitled The Tears of A Bird.Your compositiom should be based on the outline below and should be no less than 150 words.(1)Describe the cartoon and deduce the purpose of the drawer of the picture;(2)State the harmful effects of the phenomenon;(3)Give suggestions as to how to solve the problem.The Tears of A Birdpart Ⅱ21. B）文章第一段点明了三种不同类型的经济体系。

part i listening comprehension (20 minutes)section a1.a) the dean should have consulted her on the appointment.b) dr. holden should have taken over the position earlier.c) she doesn’t think dr. holden has made a wise choice.d) dr. holden is the best person for the chairmanship.2 .a) they’ll keep in touch during the summer vacationb) they’ll hold a party before the summer vacationc) they’ll do odd jobs together at the school libraryd) they’ll get back to their school once in a while3. a)peaches are in season now.b)peaches are not at their best now.c)the woman didn’t know how to bargain.d)the woman helped the man choose the fruit.4.a)they join the physics club.b)they ask for an extension of the deadline.c)they work on the assignment together.d)they choose an easier assignment.5.a)she admires jean’s straightforwardnessb)she thinks dr. brown deserves the praisec)she will talk to jean about what happenedd)she believes jean was rude to dr. brown6.a)he liked writing when he was a childb)he enjoyed reading stories in reader’s digestc)he used to be an editor of reader’s digestd)he became well known at the age of six7.a)he shows great enthusiasm for his studiesb)he is a very versatile personc)he has no talent for tennisd)he does not study hard enough8 a) john has lost something at the railway stationb) there are several railway stations in the cityc) it will be very difficult for them to find johnd) the train that john is taking will arrive soon9. a)its rapid growth is beneficial to the worldb)it can be seen as a model by the rest of the worldc)its success can’t be explained by elementa ry economicsd)it will continue to surge forward10.a)it takes only 5 minutes to reach the campus from the apartmentsb)most students can’t afford to live in the new apartmentsc)the new apartments are not available until next monthd)the new apartments can accommodate 500 studentssection b11.a)the role of immigrants in the construction of american societyb)the importance of offering diverse courses in european historyc)the need for greater cultural diversity in the school curriculumd)the historic landing of europeans on the virginia shore12.a)he was wondering if the speaker was used to living in americab)he was trying to show friendliness to the speakerc)he wanted to keep their conversation goingd)he believed the speaker was a foreigner13.a)the us population doesn’t consist of white european descendants onlyb)asian tourists can speak english as well as native speakers of the languagec)colored people are not welcome in the united statesd)americans are in need of education in their history14.a)by making lawsb)by enforcing disciplinec)by educating the publicd)by holding ceremonies15.a)it should be raised by soldiersb)it should be raised quickly by handc)it should be raised only by americansd)it should be raised by mechanical means16.a)it should be attached to the statusb)it should be hung from the top of the monumentc)it should be spread over the object to be unveiledd)it should be carried high up in the air17.a)there has been a lot of controversy over the use of flagb)the best athletes can wear uniforms with the design of the flagc)there are precise regulations and customs to be followedd)americans can print the flag on their cushions or handkerchiefspassage three18.a)punishment by teachersb)poor academic performancec)truancyd)illness19.a)the board of educationb)principals of city schoolsc)students with good academic recordsd)students with good attendance records20 . a) punishing students who damage school propertyb) rewarding schools that have decreased the destructionc) promoting teachers who can prevent the destructiond) cutting the budget for repairs and replacementspart ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.passage onetoo many vulnerable child-free adults are being ruthlessly(无情的)manipulated into parent-hood by their parents , who think that happiness among older people depends on having a grand-child to spoil. we need an organization to help beat down the persistent campaigns of grandchildless parents. it’s time to establish planned grandparenthood, which would have many global and local benefits. [page]part of its mission would be to promote the risks and realities associated with being a grandparent. the staff would includedepressed grandparents who would explain how grandkids break lamps, bite, scream and kick. others would detail how an hour of baby-sitting often turns into a crying marathon. more grandparents would testify that they had to pay for their grandchild’s expensive college education.planned grandparenthood’s carefully written literature would detail all the joys of life grand-child-free a calm living room, extra money for luxuries during the golden years, etc. potential grandparents would be reminded that, without grandchildren around, it’s possible to have a conversation with your kids, who----incidentally-----would have more time for their own parents .meanwhile, most children are vulnerable to the enormous influence exerted by grandchildless parents aiming to persuade their kids to produce children . they will take a call from a persistent parent, even if they’re loaded with works. in addition, some parents make handsome money offers payable upon the grandchild’s birth. sometimes these gifts not only cover expenses associated with the infant’s birth, but extras, too, like a vacation. in any case, cash gifts can weaken the resolve of even the noblest person.at planned grandparenthood, children targeted by their parents to reproduce could obtain non-biased information about the insanity of having their own kids. the catastrophic psychological and economic costs of childbearing would be emphasized. the symptoms of morning sickness would be listed and horrors of childbirth pictured. a monthly newsletter would contain stories about overwhelmed parents and offer guidance on how childless adults can respond to the different lobbying tactics that would-be grandparents employ.when i think about all the problems of our overpopulated world and look at our boy grabbing at the lamp by the sofa, i wish i could have turned to planned grandparenthood when my parents were putting the grandchild squeeze on me.if i could have, i might not be in this parenthood predicament( 窘境) . but here’s the crazy irony, i don’t want my child-free life back . dylan’s too much fun.21. what’s the purpose of the proposed organization planned grandparenthood?a) to encourage childless couples to have children.b) to provide facilities and services for grandchildless parents.c) to offer counseling to people on how to raise grandchildren.d) to discourage people from insisting on having grandchildren.22. planned grandparenthood would include depressed grandparents on its staff in order to____.a) show them the joys of life grandparents may have in raising grandchildrenb) draw attention to the troubles and difficulties grandchildren may causec) share their experience in raising grandchildren in a more scientific wayd) help raise funds to cover the high expense of education for grandchildren23. according to the passage, some couples may eventually choose to have children because_____.a) they find it hard to resist the carrot-and-stick approach of their parentsb) they have learn from other parents about the joys ofhaving childrenc) they feel more and more lonely ad they grow olderd) they have found it irrational to remain childless24.by saying “… my parents were putting the grandchild squeeze on me”(line 2-3,para. 6), the author means that _________.a) her parents kept pressuring her to have a childb) her parents liked to have a grandchild in their armsc) her parents asked her to save for the expenses of raising a childd) her parents kept blaming her for her child’s bad behavior25.what does the author really of the idea of having children?a) it does more harm than good.b) it contributes to overpopulation.c) it is troublesome but rewarding.d) it is a psychological catastrophepassage twoquestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.ask most people how they define the american dream and chances are they’ll say, “success.” the dream of individual opportunity has been home in american since europeans di scovered a “new world” in the western hemisphere. early immigrants like hector st. jean de crevecoeur praised highly the freedom and opportunity to be found in this new land. his glowing descriptions of a classless society where anyone could attain success through honesty and hard work fired the imaginations of many european readers: in letters from an american farmer (1782) he wrote. “we are all excited at the spirit of an industry which is unfettered (无拘无束的) and unrestrained, because each person works for himself … we have no princes, forwhom we toil (干苦力活)，starve, and bleed: we are the most perfect society now existing in the world.” the promise of a land where “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” drew poor immigrants from europe and fueled national expansion into the western territories. [page] our national mythology (神化) is full of illustration the american success story. there’s benjamin franklin, the very model of the self-educated, self-made man, who rose from modest origins to become a well-known scientist, philosopher, and statesman. in the nineteenth century, horatio alger, a writer of fiction for young boys, became american’s best-selling author with rags-to-riches tales. the notion of success haunts us: we spend million every year reading about the rich and famous, learning how to “make a fortune in real estate with no money down,” and “dressing for success.” the myth of success has even invaded our personal relationships: today it’s as important to b e “successful” in marriage or parenthoods as it is to come out on top in business.but dreams easily turn into nightmares. every american who hopes to “make it” also knows the fear of failure, because the myth of success inevitably implies comparison between the haves and the have-nots, the stars and the anonymous crowd. under pressure of the myth, we become indulged in status symbols: we try to live in the “right” neighborhoods, wear the “right” clothes, eat the “right” foods. these symbols of distinction assure us and others that we believe strongly in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens.26. what is the essence of the american dream according to crevecoeur?a) people are free to develop their power of imagination.b) people who are honest and work hard can succeed.c) people are free from exploitation and oppression.d) people can fully enjoy individual freedom.27.by saying “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal ste ps the progress of his labor” (line 10, para. 1), the author means __________ .a) the more diligent one is, the bigger his returnsb) laborious work ensures the growth of an industryc) a man’s business should be developed step by stepd) a company’s success depends on its employees’ hard work28. the characters described in horatio alger’s novels are people who _______.a) succeed in real estate investmentb) earned enormous fortunes by chancesc) became wealthy after starting life very poord) became famous despite their modest origins29. it can be inferred from the last sentence of the second paragraph that _________.a) business success often contributes to a successful marriageb) americans wish to succeed in every aspect of lifec) good personal relationships lead to business successd) successful business people provide good care for their children30. what is the paradox of american culture according to the author?a) the american road to success is full of nightmares.b) status symbols are not a real indicator of a person’swealth.c) the american dream is nothing but an empty dream.d) what americans strive after often contradicts their beliefs.passage threequestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.public distrust of scientists stems in part from the blurring of boundaries between science and technology, between discovery and manufacture. most government, perhaps all governments, justify public expenditure on scientific research in terms of the economic benefits the scientific enterprise ha brought in the past and will bring in the future. politicians remind their voters of the splendid machines ‘our scientists’ have invented, the new drugs to relieve old ailments (病痛), and the new surgical equipment and techniques by which previously intractable (难治疗的) conditions may now be treated and lives saved. at the same time, the politicians demand of scientists that they tailor their research to ‘economics needs’, that they award a higher priority to research proposals that are ‘near the market’ and can be translated into the greatest return on investment in the shortest time. dependent, as they are, on politicians for much of their funding, scientists have little choice but to comply. like the rest of us, they are members of a society that rates the creation of wealth as the greatest possible good. many have reservations, but keep them to themselves in what they perceive as a climate hostile to the pursuit of understanding for its own sake and the idea of an inquiring, creative spirit. [page]in such circumstances no one should be too hard on people who are suspicious of conflicts of interest. when we learn that the distinguished professor assuring us of the safety of a particular product holds a consultancy with the company making it, wecannot be blamed for wondering whether his fee might conceivably cloud his professional judgment. even if the professor holds no consultancy with any firm, some people many still distrust him because of his association with those who do, or at least wonder about the source of some his research funding.this attitude can have damaging effects. it questions the integrity of individuals working in a profession that prizes intellectual honesty as the supreme virtue, and plays into the hands of those who would like to discredit scientists by representing then a venal (可以收买的). this makes it easier to dismiss all scientific pronouncements, but especially those made by the scientists who present themselves as ‘experts’. the scientist most likely to understand the safety of a nuclear reactor, for example, is a nuclear engineer declares that a reactor is unsafe, we believe him, because clearly it is not to his advantage to lie about it. if he tells us it is safe, on the other hand, we distrust him, because he may well be protecting the employer who pays his salary.31. what is the chief concern of most governments when it comes to scientific research?a) support from the votes.b) the reduction of public expenditure.c) quick economics returns.d) the budget for a research project.32. scientist have to adapt their research to ‘economic needs’ in order to _________ .a) impress the public with their achievementsb) pursue knowledge for knowledge’s sakec) obtain funding from the governmentd) translate knowledge into wealth33. why won’t scientists complain about the government’s policy concerning scientific research?a) they think they work in an environment hostile to the free pursuit of knowledge.b) they are accustomed to keeping their opinions to themselves.c) they know it takes patience to win support from the public.d) they think compliance with government policy is in the interests of the public.34. according to the author, people are suspicious of the professional judgment of scientists because ___________ .a) their pronouncements often turn out to be wrongb) sometimes they hide the source of their research fundingc) some of them do not give priority to intellectual honestyd) they could be influenced by their association with the project concerned35. why does the author say that public distrust of scientists can have damaging effects?a) it makes things difficult for scientists seeking research funds.b) people would not believe scientists even when they tell the truth.c) it may dampen the enthusiasm of scientists for independent research.d) scientists themselves may doubt the value of their research findings.passage fourquestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.in many ways, today’s business environment has changed qualitatively since the late 1980s. the end of the cold war radicallyaltered the very nature of the world’s politics and economics. in just a few short years, globalization has started a variety of trends with profound consequences: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation (解除政府对……的控制) of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital. we have experienced both the benefits and risks of a truly global economy, with both wall street and main street (平民百姓) feeling the pains of economic disorder half a world away.at the same time, we have fully entered the information age, starting breakthroughs in information technology have irreversibly altered the ability to conduct business unconstrained by the traditional limitations of time or space. today, it’s almost impossible to imagine a world without intranets, e-mail, and portable computers. with stunning speed, the internet is profoundly changing the way we work, shop, do business, and communicate. [page]as a consequence, we have truly entered the post-industrial economy. we are rapidly shifting from an economy based on manufacturing and commodities to one that places the greatest value on information, services, support, and distribution. that shift, in turn, place an unprecedented premium on “knowledge workers,” a new class of wealthy, educated, and mobile people who view themselves as free agents in a seller’s market.beyond the realm of information technology, the accelerated pace of technological change in virtually every industry has created entirely new business, wiped out others, and produced a pervasive( 广泛的) demand for continuous innovation. new product, process ,and distribution technologies provide powerful levers for creating competitive value. more companies are learning the importance of destructive technologies-----innovations that hold the potential to make a product line, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.another major trend has been the fragmentation of consumer and business markets. there’s a growing appreciation that superficially similar groups of customers may have very different preferences in terms of what they want to buy and how they want to buy it. now, new technology makes it easier, faster ,and cheaper to identify and serve targeted micro-markets in ways that were physically impossible or prohibitively expensive in the past. moreover, the trend feeds on itself, a business’s ability to serve sub-markets fuels customers’ app etites for more and more specialized offerings.36. according to the first paragraph, the chances in the business environment in the past decades can be attributed to __________.a) technological advancesb) worldwide economic disorderc) the fierce competition in industryd) the globalization of economy37. what idea does the author want to convey in the second paragraph ?a) the rapid development of information technology has taken businessmen by surpriseb) information technology has removed the restrictions of time and space in business transactionsc) the internet, intranets, e-mail, and portable computers have penetrated every corner of the world.d) the way we do business today has brought about startling breakthroughs in information technology.38. if a business wants to thrive in the post-industrialeconomy,__________a) it has to invest more capital in the training of free agents to operate in a seller’s marketb) it should try its best to satisfy the increasing demands of mobile knowledgeable peoplec) it should not overlook the importance of information, services, support, and distributiond) it has to provide each of its employees with the latest information about the changing market39. in the author’s view, destructive technologies are innovations which _________a) can eliminate an entire business segmentb) demand a radical change in providing servicesc) may destroy the potential of a company to make any profitd) call for continuous improvement in ways of doing business40. with the fragmentation of consumer and business markets ______________a) an increasing number of companies have disintegratedb) manufacturers must focus on one special product to remain competitive in the marketc) it is physically impossible and prohibitively expensive to do business in the old wayd) businesses have to meet individual customers’ specific needs in order to succeed .part iii vocabulary (20minutes)41. it seems somewhat ___________ to expect anyone to drive3 hours just for a 20-minute meeting.a) eccentric b) impossible c) absurd d) unique42. this area of the park has been specially __________ for children, but accompanying adults are also welcome.a) inaugurated b) designated c) entitled d) delegated43. the girl’s face __________ with embarrassment during the interview when she couldn’t answer the tough question.a) beamed b) dazzled c) radiated d) flushed44. slavery was __________ in canada in 1833, and canadian authorities encouraged the slaves, who escaped from america, to settle on its vast virgin land [page]a) diluted b) dissipated c) abolished d) resigned45. unfortunately, the new edition of dictionary is __________ in all major bookshops.a) out of reach b) out of stock c) out of business d) out of season46. the hands on my alarm clock are __________, so i can see what time it is in the dark.a) exotic b) gorgeous c) luminous d) spectacular47. psychologists have done extensive studies on how well patients __________ with doctors’ orders.a) comply b) correspond c) interfere d) interact48. in today’s class, the students were asked to __their mistakes on the exam paper and put in their possible corrections.a) cancel b) omit c)extinguish d)erase49. the gove rnment’s policies will come under close __ in the weeks before the election.a) appreciation b) specification c)scrutiny d)apprehension50. police and villagers unanimously __the forest fire to thunder and lightning.a) ascribed b) approached c)confirmed d)confined51. in some remote places there are still very poor peoplewho can’t afford to live in __conditions.a) gracious b) decent c)honorable d)positive52. since our knowledge is __ none of us can exclude the possibility of being wrong.a) controlled b )restrained c)finite d)delicate53. you shouldn’t __your father’s instructions. anyway he is an experienced teacher.a) deduce b) deliberate c)defy d)denounce54. the company management attempted to __information that was not favorable to them, but it was all in vain.a) suppress b) supplement c)concentrate d)plug55. it is my hope that everyone in this class should __ their errors before it is too late.a) refute b) exclude c)expel d)rectify56. the boy’s foolish question __his mother who was busy with housework and had no interest in talking.a) intrigued b) fascinated c) irritated d)stimulated57. millions of people around the world have some type of physical, mental, or emotional __ that severely limits their abilities to manage their daily activities.a) scandal b) misfortune c)deficit d)handicap58. it is believed that the feeding patterns parents __ on their children can determine their adolescent and adult eating habits.a) compel b) impose c)evoke d)necessitate59.if the value-added tax were done away with, it would act as a __ to consumption.a) progression b) prime c)stability d)stimulus60. the bride and groom promised to __ each other through sickness and health.a) nourish b) nominate c)roster d)cherish61. t hey’re going to build a big office block on that __ piece of land.a) void b) vacant c)blank d)shallow62. without any hesitation, she took off her shoes, __up her skirt and splashed across the stream.a) tucked b) revolved c)twisted d)curled63.very few people could understand his lecture because the subject was very __.a) faint b) obscure c)gloomy d)indefinite64. professor smith explained the movement of light__ that of water.a) by analogy with b) by virtue of c)in line with d)in terms of65. tom is bankrupt now. he is desperate because all his efforts __ failure.a) tumbled to b) hinged upon c)inflicted on d)culminated in66. while fashion is thought of usually __ clothing, it is important to realize that it covers a much wider domain.a) in relation to b) in proportion to c)by means of d)on behalf of67. the meaning of the sentence is __; you can interpret it in several ways.a) skeptical b) intelligible c)ambiguous d)exclusive68. cancer is a group of diseases in which there is uncontrolled and disordered growth of __ cells.a) irrelevant b) inferior c)controversial d)abnormal69.at that time, the economy was still undergoing a __,and job offers were hard to get.a) concession b) supervision c)recession d)deviation70.i could hear nothing but the roar of the airplane engines which __all other sounds.a) overturned b) drowned c)deafened d)smoothedpart iv error correction (15 minutes)every week hundreds of cvs(简历) land on our desks.we’ve seen it all: cvs printed on pink p aper, cvs that are 10 pages long and cvs with silly mistakes in first paragraph. a s1 _____________ [page]good cv is your passport to an interview and ,ultimate , to s2______________the job you want initial impressions are vital, and a badly presented cvcould mean acceptance, regardless of what’s in it.s3______________here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject pile. s4______________print your cv on good-quality white paper.cvs with flowery backgrounds or pink paper willstand out upon all the wrong reasons s5_______________get someone to check for spelling and grammaticalerrors, because a spell-checker will pick up every s6_______________mistake. cvs with errors will be rejected-it showsthat you don’t pay attention to detail.restrict your self to one or two pages, andlisting any publications or referees on a separate sheet. s7_______________if you are sending your cv electronically, check theformatting by sending it to yourself first. keep up s8______________the format simple.do not send a photo unless specifically requested. ifyou have to send on ,make sure it is one taking in a s9_____________professional setting, rather than a holiday snap.getting the presentation right is just the first step. whatabout the content? the rule here is to keep it factual andtruthful-exaggerations usually get find out. and remember s10____________to tailor your cv to each different job.part v writing (30minutes)direction for this part ,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a company declining a job offer, you should write at least。

2005年6月英语6级考试真题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12005年6月英语六级考试真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 如何提高英语拼写能力；2. 拼写错误对我们的影响；3. 你对拼写的感受及看法。

Due Attention Should Be Given to SpellingSpelling is an essential part of the English language learning process. It can often be easy to overlook the importance of spelling in our daily lives, but the truth is, it plays a crucial role in effective communication. Therefore, it is important to pay due attention to spelling and work on improving our spelling skills.To improve our English spelling abilities, there are several strategies we can employ. Firstly, reading regularly can help us become more familiar with the correct spelling of words. By exposing ourselves to a wide range of written materials, we can learn the correct spelling of different words and become more confident in our spelling skills. Secondly, practicing spelling words regularly can also be beneficial. Whether through writing exercises or spelling tests, consistent practice can help reinforce our understanding of spelling rules and patterns.The consequences of spelling errors can be significant. In academic and professional settings, spelling mistakes can make us appear careless or unprofessional. In written communication, spelling errors can be distracting and can detract from the overall message we are trying to convey. Furthermore, spelling mistakes can lead to misunderstandings and confusion, as incorrect spellings can change the meaning of a word entirely.Personally, I have always found spelling to be a challenging aspect of learning English. However, I have come to understand the importance of spelling accuracy in effective communication. While I may still make spelling mistakes from time to time, I am committed to improving my spelling skills through regular practice and attention to detail. By focusing on improving myspelling, I hope to become a more effective communicator and avoid unnecessary errors in my writing.In conclusion, spelling is a crucial aspect of learning English that should not be overlooked. By paying due attention to spelling and working on improving our spelling skills, we can enhance our communication abilities and avoid unnecessary errors. With dedication and practice, we can become more confident in our spelling abilities and ensure that our written communication is clear and effective.篇22005 June CET-6 ExaminationThe CET-6, or College English Test Level 6, is a standardized English proficiency exam in China, administered by the Chinese Ministry of Education. The exam aims to assess the English language proficiency of college students and graduates in China. In June 2005, thousands of test-takers sat for the CET-6 examination, which consisted of listening, reading, and writing sections. Let's take a closer look at the exam and some sample questions from the 2005 June CET-6.Listening SectionThe listening section of the CET-6 exam includes a series of recordings with various speakers and accents. Test-takers are required to answer multiple-choice questions based on the information they hear. In the 2005 June CET-6 exam, test-takers listened to conversations, lectures, and news broadcasts, among other things.Sample Listening Question:What is the professor's main point in the lecture?A. The importance of time management in college.B. The benefits of participating in extracurricular activities.C. How to improve study habits.D. The history of the university.Reading SectionThe reading section of the CET-6 exam tests test-takers' comprehension and vocabulary skills. The passage topics can vary widely, from science and technology to literature and history. Test-takers are required to answer multiple-choice questions and fill in the blanks based on the information presented in the passages.Sample Reading Question:Which of the following best describes the main idea of the passage?A. The impact of climate change on biodiversity.B. The benefits of organic farming practices.C. How to reduce plastic pollution in the ocean.D. The history of wildlife conservation efforts.Writing SectionThe writing section of the CET-6 exam requires test-takers to write essays on given topics. Test-takers are evaluated on their ability to organize ideas, express opinions, and use proper grammar and vocabulary. The topics for the 2005 June CET-6 exam covered a wide range of issues, from education and technology to environment and society.Sample Writing Topic:Some people believe that technology has made our lives easier and more convenient, while others argue that it has negative impacts on society. Discuss both views and give your opinion.Overall, the 2005 June CET-6 exam was challenging, but test-takers who were well-prepared and had strong Englishlanguage skills were able to successfully complete the exam. The results of the CET-6 exam are used by colleges and universities in China to assess the English proficiency of applicants and determine their eligibility for admission to English-taught programs or scholarships.In conclusion, the CET-6 exam is an important assessment tool for measuring English language proficiency in China. As English continues to be a global language of communication and commerce, mastering the language is essential for academic and professional success. Therefore, the CET-6 exam plays a crucial role in helping students and graduates demonstrate their English language skills and compete in the global job market.篇32005年6月英语6级考试真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of How to Achieve Success in Your Career. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:1. 为什么选择这个话题？2. 如何在你的职业生涯中取得成功？3. 你个人的计划是怎样的？How to Achieve Success in Your CareerChoosing a career path is a critical decision that can greatly impact our lives. As we strive to succeed in our chosen field, it is important to have a clear plan in place to guide us towards our goals. In this essay, I will discuss why I have chosen this topic, how to achieve success in one's career, and my personal plan for achieving success.I selected this topic because I believe that success in one's career is a key factor in leading a fulfilling and prosperous life. In today's competitive job market, it is essential to have a strategic approach to achieving success in one's career. By exploring this topic, we can gain valuable insights into the steps we must take to reach our full potential and achieve our professional goals.To achieve success in your career, it is important to set clear goals and develop a plan to reach them. This may involve furthering your education, gaining practical experience in your field, and building a strong professional network. It is also important to be proactive in seeking out opportunities forgrowth and advancement, as well as staying current with industry trends and developments.In order to achieve success in my own career, I have developed a personal plan that includes setting specific, achievable goals for myself, continuously updating my skills and knowledge through professional development opportunities, and seeking out mentors and advisors who can provide guidance and support. I also make a point of networking with other professionals in my field, as well as taking on new challenges and responsibilities to expand my skills and experience.In conclusion, achieving success in your career requires dedication, hard work, and a clear plan of action. By setting goals, staying focused on your objectives, and continuously seeking opportunities for growth and advancement, you can position yourself for success in your chosen field. With determination and perseverance, you can achieve your professional goals and build a rewarding and successful career.。