多角度考查定语从句
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英语定语从句考点重点归纳总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它在句子中起到修饰名词或代词的作用。
掌握定语从句的用法和特点对于英语学习者来说至关重要。
本文将对英语定语从句的考点进行重点总结和归纳。
一、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词:关系代词常用于引导定语从句,包括that,which,who,whom,whose等。
2.关系副词:关系副词也可以引导定语从句,主要包括when,where,why等。
二、定语从句的作用和位置定语从句通常用来修饰名词或代词,它可以紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,也可以放在句子的末尾。
如果定语从句紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,通常用关系代词来引导;如果放在句子末尾,则用关系代词或关系副词来引导。
三、定语从句的几种类型分析1.限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句是定语从句的一种常见形式,它对被修饰的名词起到了限定和具体化的作用,去掉定语从句,句子的意思仍然完整。
关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词在从句中修饰时间、地点或原因。
2.非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句是用来对被修饰的名词进行补充说明或者陈述一些额外信息的。
非限定性定语从句通常用逗号或者破折号与主句隔开,去掉定语从句对整个句子的意思没有太大影响。
四、定语从句的连接词使用注意事项1.关系代词that和which的区别:that通常用来引导限定性定语从句,which则常用于非限定性定语从句。
2.关系代词who和whom的区别:who用来引导指人的定语从句,并在从句中担任主语或者宾语;whom通常用于非限定性定语从句,担任宾语。
3.关系代词whose的用法:whose用来引导定语从句,表示所属关系。
5.关系副词when,where和why的用法:when用来表示时间,where表示地点,why表示原因。
五、定语从句的注意事项1.省略关系词:当关系从句中作主语、宾语或者介词宾语时,关系词(常用的是that或which)可以省略。
中考英语专题----定语从句定语从句【考点1】基本概念一、什么是定语?句子中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。
定语可以由形容词,名词,不定式,分词,动名词或从句来充当,且定语往往翻译为“…的”。
形容词作定语:I bought an expensive computer.I met someone funny on my way to school.名词作定语:She is an English teacher.不定式作定语:I have a lot of work to do.过去分词短语作定语:The book written by Tom is very popular now.现在分词作定语:We can see the rising sun.动名词作定语:He is in the reading room.从句作定语:The boy who broke the window is Tom’s brother.二、什么是定语从句?在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
定语从句的结构、名称如下图所示:关系词常有三个作用:1. 引导定语从句2. 代替先行词3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分【考点2】关系代词关系代词所代替的先行词是指人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
Tom is one of the boys who are from the USA. Tom是众多来自美国的男孩中的一个。
Tom is the only boy that is from the USA. Tom是惟一从美国来的男孩。
一、常见的关系代词二、只用that不用which引导的定语从句三、只用which不用that引导的定语从句四、关系代词who,whom的用法例题1:将下列句子合并为定语从句。
2024届中考英语专题复习之定语从句用法归纳定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它通常由关系代词who、whom、whose、which或关系副词when、where、why引导。
定语从句可以用来修饰名词或代词,起到补充说明的作用。
在初中阶段,学生需要掌握定语从句的用法和特点,以便更好地理解和运用英语语法。
一、定语从句的类型关系代词定语从句关系代词who、whom、whose、which和that都可以引导定语从句,但它们的使用有所不同。
who引导的定语从句用来修饰人,例如:She is the person who gave me the book.(她是给我书的人。
)whom引导的定语从句用来修饰人或物,例如:He is the man whom I saw yesterday.(我是昨天看见的那个人。
)whose引导的定语从句用来修饰人或物,例如:This is the house whose windows were broken last week.(这是上周被打破了的窗户的房子。
)which引导的定语从句用来修饰名词,例如:I saw the movie which was directed by my favorite director.(我看了我最喜爱的导演执导的电影。
)that引导的定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,例如:That is the building which I want to visit.(那就是我想参观的建筑。
) 关系副词定语从句关系副词when、where、why也可以引导定语从句,但它们的使用有所不同。
when引导的定语从句用来修饰时间,例如:I met her when she was a student.(我见她的时候她还是学生。
)where引导的定语从句用来修饰地点,例如:I will meet you where we agreed.(我会在我们商定的地点见你。
英语高考复习---定语从句讲解及练习解析第一部分:基础知识(一).定语从句概述定语可以由形容词,代词,数词,名词,不定式,介词短语来充当。
如果是一个句子担任定语,那么这个句子就叫做定语从句,又可称为形容词性从句。
定语从句通常修饰某一名词或代词,被定语从句修饰的这一名词或代词叫先行词,它位于定语从句之前,定语从句在先行词后面,应尽量紧跟先行词。
定语从句的作用即在于对先行词进行限定说明或补充说明。
(二).定语从句的引导词。
定语从句的引导词分为两类,关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose )和关系副词(when, where, why ),引导词在先行词和定语从句之间,既起连接作用,即连接先行词和定语从句,更重要的是,它又在定语从句中作一个成分。
(三).关系代词1. that 指人,物,在从句中作主语,宾语,表语。
This is the photo that I took in the country.He is the singer that I met yesterday.2. which 指物,在从句中作主语,宾语,在非限定定语从句中充当定语,或者代替前句The film which we saw last night was moving.3. who 指人,在从句中作主语,宾语。
The person who visited our classroom yesterday was our new headmaster.The man who you just talked to is Tom.4. whom 指人,在从句中作宾语。
That is the professor whom you want to know.5. whose 指人,物,在从句中作定语,相当于先行词+ ’s, 后接一名词。
I know the boy whose parents are dead.I don’t like those cities whose roads are dirty.【注】:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
定语从句相关知识点总结一、定语从句的概念。
1. 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
- 例如:I like the book which/that is very interesting. 其中“book”是先行词,“which/that is very interesting”是定语从句,用来修饰“book”。
二、关系代词的用法。
1. that.- 既可以指人也可以指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
- 当先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:All that can be done has been done.(先行词是“All”,关系代词“that”在从句中作主语)- 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:This is the best film that I have ever seen.(先行词“film”被最高级“the best”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语,可省略)- 当先行词被the only, the very, the same等修饰时,关系代词用that。
- 例如:This is the very book that I want.(先行词“book”被“the very”修饰,关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语)2. which.- 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
- 例如:The book which/that is on the desk is mine.(“which/that”在从句中作主语);I like the book which/that you lent me.(“which/that”在从句中作宾语)- 在非限制性定语从句(从句与主句之间用逗号隔开)中,只能用which,不能用that。
高考英语专题定语从句语法详解以及练习题定语从句定语从句就是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,并且作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词(一)定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词:when, where, why关系代词和关系副词必须位于主句先行词之后,定语从句之首,,起着连接先行词和定语从句的作用,同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
先行词:定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
She is the girl who/that lives next door. 她就是住在隔壁家的女孩。
关系代词that 人/物主语宾语Which 物主语宾语Whom 人宾语Who 人主语宾语Whose 人/物定语是我教的女孩。
先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语,用which/that,并且不能省略The work that/which has just been finished is very important. 刚刚完成的那份工作非常重要。
先行词指物,在定语从句中作宾语,用which/that,可以省略This is the book which/that I want to read. 这就是我想读的一本书。
先行词指人或者物,并且在定语从句中作定语,用whose/of whom/of which.I know the boy whose father is a policeman. This is the house whose window faces to the south. 这就是面朝南的那个房子。
This is the house, the window of which faces to the south.This is the house, of which the window faces to the south.as引导定语从句时的用法①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same …as, such …as结构中。
定语从句解题技巧(含例题)英语中两个意义相关的分句不能不用连词而直接放在一起,也不能只用逗号来相连,可以说英语并列句和复合句组成的基本纪律是:英语的两个分句之间有且只有一个连词。
这条纪律为我们学习和运用这类句型提供了重要的依据。
定语从句是英语复合句的一种,它是指用一个句子去修饰限制另一个句子中的某个名词、代词,两个句子之间议决干系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose, as.)或干系副词(when, where, how)相连起来,干系代词有时可以省略;在特定环境下,干系代词(which, as)也可指代主句整句话或一部分句子成分所表达的内容。
当我们解题时遇到复合句的考察标题时,我们便可以根据定语从句的上述含义鉴别该题是不是定语从句,要是是,我们可先将不是干系代词或干系副词的选项去掉,然后采取“代入原则”并同时连合定语从句的干系词之间的相关区别来举行解题。
所谓“代入原则”便是试着把先行词即被定语从句修饰限制的那个词放进从句中,能直接代入的就用干系代词(不包括whose),不能直接代入的可能有三种环境,要么用干系副词,要么用介词加干系代词which 或whom,要么就用干系代词whose。
下面就用例句来具体说明这种解题技能。
一.直接代入的环境:1. Women____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those____ don’t.A. who; /B. /; whoC. who; whoD. /; /该题中的先行词women和those都可直接代入各自的从句中,都在从句中做主语,根据干系代词的使用纪律,我们应该用who或that,而且不能省略,所以答案是C。
2. Do you still remember the chicken farm___ we visited three months ago?A. whereB. whenC. thatD. what该题的先行词the chicken farm便是visited的宾语,只能用干系代词that, which或省略干系代词,所以答案是C。
2024年中考英语备考知识:定语从句的用法解析定语从句是一类由关系词引导的从句,通常由先行词+关系词+定语从句的形式构成。
这类从句除了可以做定语之外,还可以充当状语等。
关系词包括that、who、which、whom、as、whose等,时态参照主句的时态。
他有一顶绿帽子→He has a green hat.他有一顶帽子,是绿的→He has a hat which is green.第二句其实就是定语从句了,从这两句话我们很容易就能看出定语从句的本质是什么——相当于形容词,起修饰作用。
定语从句两大元素先行词——被修饰的词,上面的句子中hat就是先行词关系词——连接主句和从句的词,which就是关系词定语从句先行词1.A rich person is not one who has the most,but is one who needs the least.解析:这句话中一共包含了两个定语从句“who has the most”、“who needs the least”,那先行词在哪里呢——是代词one,指代前面的a rich person,在从句中做主语。
(这里大家得注意啦,先行词不一定是名词哦,也可能是代词)2.He said that he had no time,which isn't true.解析:which isn't true是定语从句,先行词是he had no time,在从句中做主语(先行词也可以是完整的一个句子或事情)3.My girlfriend likes dancing with other guys,which really drives me creazy.解析:这句话的定语从句也很容易看出来,which really drives me creazy,drive除了开车还有驱使的意思,那先行词是什么呢,当然是前面一整句话啦~此处先行词在定语从句中也是做主语老师告诉我们带逗号的定语从句叫做非限制性定语从句,其实我们可以这样理解,当先行词是一个完整句子或事情的时候,定语从句前面要加逗号,并且后面的连接词不能用that。
定语从句高考出题四大考察点分类解析1、考查whose 引导的定语从句此时要注意三点:(1) whose 引导的定语从句,其后应紧跟名词,构成“whose+名词”;(2) whose 引导的定语从句,其先行词不仅可以指人,还可以指物;(3) whose 引导的定语从句指物时,可用 of which 代替whose,但词序不同,即whose+名词=the +名词+of which。
如:Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _________ effects the people are still suffering. (天津卷)A. thatB. whoseC. thoseD. whatGeorge Orwell, _________was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (北京卷)A. the real nameB. what his real nameC. his real nameD. whose real name解析:这两道题考查由whose引导的定语从句,whose在题中表示所属关系。
(2)考查分隔式定语从句即所考查的定语从句与先行词之间插有其他修饰语。
做题时应撇开其中的修饰语,直接将先行词与定语从句联系起来。
如:The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. (全国卷) A. until B. that C. when D. whereIt was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _________ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. (北京春季卷)A. thatB. whileC. whichD. when解析:第1题选C,先行词是the hours,back to me 是插入先行词与定语从句之间的干扰成分;第2题选D,定语从句修饰的先行词是an exciting moment。
多角度考查定语从句[日期:2007-10-24] 来源:作者:[字体:大中小]定语从句是高中英语学习的重要语法项目之一,也是历年高考的热点。
它的难度主要是通过改变句子的正常语序或借助于其它语法项目来体现的,为了提高同学们的应变能力,现对定语从句的一些常见考点归纳和总结如下:一、疑问句中考查定语从句1. Is this the farm ________ you visited last week?A. whereB. the oneC. on whichD. /【解析】答案是D.命题人经常利用疑问句的特殊结构来干扰学生的正确选择。
遇到这类定语从句时,最好的办法是先把疑问句还原成陈述句,然后判断谁是先行词,再看关系词在定语从句中所充当的成分,最后确定正确答案。
二、倒装句中考查定语从句2. We came to a place,________ stood a big tower.A. whichB. thatC. /D. where【解析】正确答案是D.为了保持句子平衡,句子用了倒装语序。
倒装的使用使定语从句的结构变得较为特殊,因此对于使用倒装语序的定语从句,应先把倒装语序还原成正常语序,这样句子结构就比较清晰了。
三、拆分词组和固定搭配3. The second is connected with the use ________ the body makes of food.A. of whichB. whereC. to doD. that4. Why can’t you realize the part ________ they have played in our life?A. whichB. on whichC. whenD. where【解析】正确答案分别是D和A.一些词组和搭配被拆开后,句子的含义就变得难以理解。
首先把拆开的词组复原是理解此类定语从句的关键。
上述句子中包含以下词组:make use of,play a part (in)。
四、添加插入语或状语5. The scientist has made another discovery,_______ I believe is of great import ance.A. thatB. /C. whichD. why【解析】应选择C.这类句子主要利用插入语或状语的添加来增加试题的难度。
常见的插入语有:I think (suppose,expect,believe,imagine),in my opinion,to tell yo u the truth等。
做这类题目时,最佳的办法是先删去插入语或状语,这样句子的主干部分就一目了然了。
五、插入非谓语动词6. Is this the man ________ you want to have ________the radio for me?A. who;repairedB. that;repairedC. whom;repairingD. that;repair【解析】D项正确。
非谓语动词是英语中难度较大的语法项目之一,因而在定语从句中加入非谓语动词就成了学生最易失分的题目。
对付这类题目最有效的办法就是将句子还原。
如:我们可以把几个句子中的定语从句进行还原,还原后的句子应是:You want to have the man repair the radio for me.小试牛刀:1. Was it in the shop ________ sold children’s clothing that you lost your wallet?A. /B. whereC. thatD. when2. Thank you for the difficulty ________ you have had painting the house.A. whenB. /C. whyD. where3. Is there anyone around the factory ________ knows how to operate the comput er?A. whoB. whichC. whereD. in which4. The managers discussed the plan ________ they would like to see ________ the next year.A. that;carried outB. who;carried outC. which;carry outD. that;carrying out5. She was much disappointed to see the beautiful cloth ________ she had made ________ with lots of spots.A. which;coverB. that;coveredC. /;coveringD. where;covering6. Lincoln,________ life was once hard,were elected President of American.A. for whomB. whoC. to whomD. /高考非谓语动词单项选择题考点解读过去分词考点一:过去分词与现在分词一般式的区别.1 Mr. Smith, ____ of the ____ speech, started to read a novel. (2003北京卷)A. tired, boringB. tiring, boredC. tired, boredD. tiring, boring2.①You should understand the traffic rule by now. 8. You’ve had it ____ often enough.(2005天津卷)A. explainingB. to explainC. explainD. explained②Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _____ in a short period. (2007福建卷)A. improvedB. improvingC. to improveD. improve3.①_____with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. (2004湖北卷)A. CompareB. when comparingC. ComparingD. When compared②When _____ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”(2005福建卷)A.offering B.to offer C.to be offered D. offered③The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ______ every day. (2007四川卷)A. wateredB. wateringC. waterD. to water4. There have been several new events _____ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.(2006北京卷)A. addB. to addC. addingD. added5._______for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (2006福建卷)A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed6.______with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. (2006四川卷)A. FacedB. FaceC. FacingD. To face7.①A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left _____.(2006天津卷)A. unsatisfiedB. unsatisfyingC. to be unsatisfyingD. being unsatisfied8. Please remain ______ until the plane has come to a complete stop. (2007山东卷)A.to seat B.to be seated C.seating D.seated9. “Things ______ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself. (2007湖南卷)A. lostB. losingC. to loseD. have lost考点二:过去分词与现在分词主动完成式的区别过去分词表示被动,而现在分词主动完成式只表示完成1. The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it. (2002全国卷)A. beginsB. having begunC. beginning D .begun2.____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. (2003北京卷)A .Having givenB .To giveC .GivingD .Given3._____by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. (2004辽宁卷)A. AttractingB. AttractedC. To be attractedD. Having attracted5.______ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police (2005江苏卷)A. Having lostB. LostC. Being lostD. Losing6.______in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.(2005湖南卷)A. DressedB. To dressC. DressingD. Having dressed7. _____ automatically the e-mail will be received by all the club members. (2006上海卷)A. Mailed outB. Mailing outC. To be mailed outD. Having mailed out8______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. (2007浙江卷)A. DrivenB. Being drivenC. To driveD. Having driven考点三:过去分词与现在分词一般被动式的区别过去分词表示被动,而现在分词一般被动式表示被动且进行的。