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2019 高考复习 句子成分分析(2)—长难句分析( 共27张PPT)

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全国卷高考英语语法填空(长难句+易错点)课件(共29张PPT)

全国卷高考英语语法填空(长难句+易错点)课件(共29张PPT)
The world’s longest sea bridge, the Hong KongZhuhai-Macau Bridge, ____ (link) Hong Kong and Macau to mainland China.
I sat, in uniform, in a window seat, ____ (avoid) eye contact with my fellow passengers.
分析主谓（找准谓语动词）
非谓语动词形式则比较单一：v-ing,词则会反映时态语态，现在时，过去时， 进行时，将来时，完成时，等等，形式非常丰富， 也比较好鉴定。以下两个句子为例，请找出句子 中的谓语动词。若是主从复合句，则主句和从句 分开来找谓语。
分析主谓（找准谓语动词）
Officials visited… and invited Lin ______ (promote) Juncao technology… 并列句
分析主谓（找准谓语动词）
all will affect our health and how long we can expect _________ (live) without chronic disease.
A pair of red shoes- whether they are for sports, dances or just fashion- ____(be) a must-have for every Chinese woman’s shoe collection.
简化（去掉其他修饰成分，留 下主干成分）
Juncao, a kind of grass ____ (introduce) from China, has been bringing great benefits to PNG(Papua New Guinea), as it not only helps develop a low-cost mushroom planting industry, but also produces cattle feed and greatly reduces soil erosion in the country. （衡水II）

高考一轮复习--英语长难句分析课件(共18张PPT).ppt

高考一轮复习--英语长难句分析课件(共18张PPT).ppt
What does a plant do when it is under attack?
A. It makes noise. B. It gets help from other plants. C. It stands quietly. D. It sends out certain chemicals.
Many scholars are making efforts to ______ A. promote global languages.
B. rescue the disappearing languages.
C. search for languages communities.
D. set up languages research organizations.
二括: 给修饰语(modifiers)介短, 非谓和从句加( )。
1. Two of the authors (of the review)made a study (published in 2014)(which showed a five to 10 minutes a
day of runnnd
三会意：抓主题，去修饰，逻辑关系要注意。
(In an effort to prevent language loss,)scholars(from a number of organizations,) (including UNESCO and National Geographic,) have(for many years)been recording dying languages and the culture(which they reflect.) (2014年全国一卷阅读D篇)

高考一轮复习--英语长难句分析课件(共18张PPT)

高考一轮复习--英语长难句分析课件(共18张PPT)

Persistence produces miracles!
坚持铸就奇迹！
I think that that “that” that that student wrote on the blackboard was wrong.
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.
小结：
A long sentence
1. trunk(主干部分): S.+V.+(O.)…
prepositional phrases（介短）
2. modifiers clauses（从句）
修饰语部分 non-predicate verbs（非谓语）
3. parallel structures （并列结构） (A and/or B; A, B, and/or C)
“一划二括三会意，读懂高考长难句”
Learning contents： 1. The formation of a long sentence. 2. Three steps to analyze a long sentence. 3. Exercises on long sentences.
Section One: How is a long sentence formed?
Living with his son, he works hard for a company which was founded in 2002 and most of his workmates show great respect for him. (并列结构parallel structures)
Section Three: Practice(一划，二括，三会意)

2019高考长难句分析课件

2019高考长难句分析课件

长难句分析示例
定语 主语
谓语
The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard
friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills employed
3. 影响本句理解的另外一个关键原因是本句中的四个动词各具特点：strengthen是由名词strength加上后缀-en构成 的动词，“加强”；jump-start 是合成词，本义是“用跨接引线发动（汽车）”，在此意为“全力启动，加快开展”； employ和tap在此都是熟词生义。
4. 翻译句子——拆分与重组：讨人喜欢的人能与他人相处很好，因而能增强校园友谊，激发人际交往的能力。 这些品质如能及早发现，会在未来的工作和生活中发挥作用。
破折号的作用：解释说明 两个破折号中间的内容： qualities的同位语
句子翻译：米奇·普林斯坦还发现，身边的人会邀请你一起玩，是因为你 具有如下品质——爱分享，与人友善，开放率真。而这些品质会使你在今 后更好地与人相处。
注：Not only … but (also) 连接两个
并列分句时，not only所在的句子要
动词＋副词
see-through
形容词＋名词
high-class
形容词＋名词＋ed 形容词＋形容词
形容词＋现在分词 副词＋形容词
副词＋现在分词 副词＋过去分词
副词＋名词 介词＋名词
absent-minded light-blue
good-looking ever-green hard-working well-known fast-food downhill
outcomes, but it is also respo句ns子ib主le干fo：r主th谓os宾e outcomes, too. “Being

英语长难句结构分析（含2019年高考全国Ⅰ-Ⅲ卷长难句）

英语长难句结构分析（含2019年高考全国Ⅰ-Ⅲ卷长难句）

英语长难句结构分析（含2019年高考全国Ⅰ-Ⅲ卷长难句）英语长难句分析历年高考真题五种基本句式英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。

五种基本句式如下：1. 主语＋谓语(不及物动词)2. 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语3. 主语＋系动词＋表语4. 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语5. 主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语此外还有特殊句式如therebe-, 强调句，倒装句等。

但是在真实的语言环境中，句子结构远非这么简单。

复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。

高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。

另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写(概要写作)和应用文写作。

在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。

因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。

一、复杂主语包括下列情形：含有连词如and,both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as wellas；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充当主语；同位语结构做主语等。

如：Those who werehighest in status in high school, as well as those least liked inelementary school, are “most likely toengage (从事) in da ngerous and risky behavior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)The gunners liketo describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)Connecting to the community（社区）as youfreely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B) (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deeprelationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation.(2018全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D) (-ing形式做主语)What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. (2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B) (主语从句充当主语) Shackleton,a onetimeBritish merchant-navy officer who hadgot to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business...(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D) (同位语结构做主语)二、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔Mr. Robbins, together with his wife andchildren, is leavingLondon for Paris.Somepeople think that the great Chinesescholar Confucius,who livedfrom roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced thedevelopment of chopsticks.( 2016全国丙卷语法填空)Frank Hurley, aconfident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to makethe images, most of which have never before been published.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D)According to the report's key findings, “theproportion(比例)who saythey ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun hasgone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectivelytoday.”(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)Thewoman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness, sympathetically jumped up. (2016全国甲卷完形填空)三、复杂表语包括非谓语动词、表语从句等。

高考一轮复习--英语长难句分析课件(共18张PPT)

高考一轮复习--英语长难句分析课件(共18张PPT)

三会意：抓主题，去修饰，逻辑关系要注意。
(In an effort to prevent language loss,)scholars(from a number of organizations,) (including UNESCO and National Geographic,)have(for many years)been recording dying languages and the culture(which they reflect.) (2014年全国一卷阅读D篇)
(2017年江苏卷完形填空)
1. A. traveling B. marching C. pacing D. struggling
Try again!(一划，二括，三会意)
The opinion(that breakfast is the most basic meal of the day)is so widespread(that an increasing number of people are surprised to learn that there is a lack of scientific evidence showing how breakfast may directly cause changes in our health.)
2. Bed that are too small, shower heads(淋浴喷头) that are too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any leg-room（腿部空间）all make life difficult for those of above average height.

(完整版)英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷试题长难句)

英语长难句结构分析(含2019年高考全国1-3卷长难句)英语中句子最基本的句式只有五种，其他各种句式都是由这五种基本句式转换而来。

五种基本句式如下：1主语＋谓语(不及物动词)2主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语3主语＋系动词＋表语4主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋间接宾语＋直接宾语5主语＋谓语(及物动词)＋宾语＋宾语补足语此外还有特殊句式如there be-, 强调句，倒装句等。

但是在真实的语言环境中，句子结构远非这么简单。

复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂介词短语，还有各种复杂的定语和状语等修饰成分让句子变得异常复杂。

高考阅读理解、完型填空和语法填空经常出现结构复杂的长难句，影响考生对语篇文段的理解。

另外，新高考将包括两个写作题：读后续写(概要写作)和应用文写作。

在评分标准中把“尽力使用较复杂语法结构”视为是否得高分的标准之一。

因此，学会分析长难句显得格外重要。

一个句子之所以成为长难句，就是因为句子各部分成分和结构复杂，具体说就是句中出现了复杂主语、复杂宾语、复杂修饰语(介词短语、非谓语动词、定语和状语)以及各种从句等。

下面分类解析：1、复杂主语包括下列情形：含有连词如and, both...and..., either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but (also), as well as；非谓语动词做主语；主语从句充当主语；同位语结构做主语等。

如：Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school,are “most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior.”(2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解D) (as well as 连接those who...与those least liked ...做主语)The gunners like to describe what they do as character-building, but we know that to wound an animal and watch it go through the agony(痛苦) of dying can make nobody happy. (动词不定式to do结构做主语)Connecting to the community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. (2019高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B) (-ing形式做主语)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. (2018全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D) (-ing形式做主语)What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. (2019高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读理解B) (主语从句充当主语)Shackleton,a onetime British merchant-navy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business...(2016全国甲卷阅读理解D) (同位语结构做主语)2、主谓之间被介词短语、定语从句或非谓语动词分隔Mr. Robbins, together with his wife and children, is leaving London for Paris.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.( 2016全国丙卷语法填空)Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解D)According to the report's key findings, “the proportion(比例) who say they ‘never’ or ‘hardly ever’ read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”(2018全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)The woman sitting at the desk, seeing my madness,sympathetically jumped up. (2016全国甲卷完形填空)3、复杂表语包括非谓语动词、表语从句等。

长难句分析ppt课件


倒装句
常见类型及示例
重要性
长难句是语言表达的高级形式，能够准确、精炼地表达复杂的思想和概念。掌握长难句的分析和理解技巧，对于提高语言素养和阅读能力具有重要意义。
应用场景
长难句广泛应用于文学、科技、法律等领域，尤其在学术论文、新闻报道、公文写作等文体中更为常见。掌握长难句的分析方法，有助于更好地理解和运用这些文体。
关注时事
了解国内外新闻、社会热点和文化动态，增强对现实世界的感知和理解。
广泛阅读
涉猎不同领域、不同题材的书籍和文章，积累丰富的背景知识。
拓展学习
参加讲座、研讨会等活动，听取专家学者的讲解和讨论，拓宽知识视野。
背景知识积累途径
03
挖掘文化元素
关注句子中涉及的文化元素，如习俗、节日、地名等，探究其文化渊源和传承发展。
译文读者群体
考虑译文读者的文化背景、语言习惯和接受程度，选择适合的翻译策略。
翻译目的和要求
根据翻译的目的和要求，如忠实原文、传达信息等，灵活选择直译或意译。
直译与意译选择依据
词汇选择原则及策略
确保选词准确，符合原文意思，避免歧义和误解。
选用符合目标语言习惯和表达方式的词汇，使译文更加自然流畅。
注意源语和目标语之间的文化差异，避免选用可能引起文化冲突的词汇。
注重词汇短语的积累和运用，提高语言表达的准确性和丰富性。
推荐一些优质的长难句分析教程、视频讲解、在线课程等资源，帮助学生更好地理解和掌握长难句的分析方法。
THANKS
感谢您的观看。
重要性及应用场景
02
CHAPTER
语法结构分析
识别句子主语、谓语和宾语，确定句子核心意思。
注意省略和倒装等语法现象，还原句子主干。

【高考】英语长难句解析课件优质版PPT)ppt课件

把意义和语法结构上有关联的几个词连接成较完整的信息。
And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one more tool in the toolbox
---- and often an inadequate one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet.
untihl e appeared one night asking he could sleep on the sofa.
方法四：并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法
——先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句
If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William, the Conqueror.
2、含有多个简单句的并列句。
In the 1970s, he was a surgeon at Yale，and had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.
3、含有多个从句的复合句。
I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的) resources， our children may have to lead poorer lives.

高中英语英语长难句的解析与方法PPT课件


because I thought that the author
of the article knew far more than I
did. 复合句
宾语从句；
此句是
，w非h限at制引性导定的语是从句
which引导的是 原因状语
because引导的
从句中包含一个
宾语从句
由that引导的
3 Every time I returned after an absence , I felt stupid because I was behind the others. 此句中 every time用来引导__________ 从句时，间主状句语中还包含一个because引导 的______________从句原。因状语
2019/9/11
11
a compound (并列） 1seJnimtenpclaeys football and so
does his brother .
2 I know you're dying to hear all about my life here, so I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about .
2019/9/11
4
简单句 句子种类 并列句
复合句
2019/9/11
5
Ⅰ. 简单句：
一 一 只有_____个主语（或并列主语）和_____个谓语（或并 列谓语）构成的句子。
1. Honesty is the best policy主. +系+表
﹋ 诚实总是上策。
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[ 分析 ]
Whereas 引导了一个从句，即 “a woman ’ s
closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage”， 而“it wasn’ t unusual to hear a man say” 为主句，其中 it 为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。 “he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa”为省略从属连词 that 的宾语从句， 从句中又含有 not ... until 引导的时间状语从句，时间状语从句所在的主、从句 中又各含有一个宾语从句：“his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble” (省略连接词 that)；与“if he could sleep on the sofa” (从属连词 if)。
一、长难句的常见形式
1．复合句 这些句子往往较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相 扣，使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结构。其实，不管句子有多 长、多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。主干 是整个句子的骨架，主要指主谓宾结构(如：I want a ticket.) 或主系表结构(如：The man is a teacher.)。而修饰成分在句 中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是 短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。
[分析] 此句的主语为 Pasteur，谓语是 discovered，第 一个 that 引导的是宾语从句。 在宾语从句中 after 引导状语从 句， 第二个 that 引导定语从句。 第三个 that 引导同位语从句。
[名师指津]
that 在长难句里面用得非常多，所以正确
理解 that 引导的不同从句非常重要。
[分析] 此句正常语序为： ...placed a large jar filled with dried beans upon his desk ...
[名师指津] 还原为正常语序是理解语境的关键所在。
二、长难句的突破策略
1．结构分析法 所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的 结构，把握住句子的基本框架。基本步骤是：首先，判断该 句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；然后，找出句子的核心成 分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子的附属成分。 方法一：较复杂单句的处理方法 ——找主谓语，即找主干成分 较复杂单句在高考试卷中经常出现，所以应引起同学们 的足够重视。
一般来说，复合句中的从句都是很常见的，考生比较熟 悉的，但很多时候不少考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的 相互关系，这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。这时，考生应通 过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这 样整个句子结构就清晰了。
[例 1] What Winter knows of the 19yearold who saved his life is only that he died in a car accident and that his family was willing to honor his wishes and donate his organs for transplantation (移植)．
[ 例 3]
The idea of returning to the basics in the
classroom — a notion (概念， 观点) which, incidentally (顺便 说一下 ), has been quietly supported for years by many respected teachers — is finally gaining some currency (流行) with school administrators (管理者)．
[分析] 此句的主语为“Some companies”，句中有两个 谓语，即 have made 和 emphasize。
③At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors chute (道) doors and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute.
2019高考复习
语法奠基课:句子成分分析
学会划分句子成分是学好语法的必备技能
依据句子成分，学会分析长难句
第一部分
一些复杂的长难句一方面是制约考生快速理解文意、准 确解题的“拦路虎”，另一方面又是彰显考生写作功底的 “走秀台”，在某种程度上来说，对长难句的分析与掌握已 成为区分考生成绩优劣的“分水岭”。其实，长难句并不可 怕，在正确划分句子成分的基础上，运用一定的“拆分”技 巧，化繁为简、化长为短，其意立马显现。所以，无论是从 学语法的角度，还是从英语综合素养的角度，都有必要给考 生补上这欠缺的一课。
[分析] 两个破折号中间的内容是对前面的补充说明。
[ 名师指津 ]
分析长难句时务必注意这些非限制性修
饰成分，它们打断了原来的行文逻辑，插入补充了一些额外 的信息。
3．成分省略 在英语句子中，用词简洁是一条重要的修辞原则。省略 主要是为了避免重复，突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接。成 分省略一般和从句相结合，一正一反，使句子富于变化，增 强表现力。例如在以 than, as 引导的比较状语从句中，一些 成分往往被省略，而这会给理解带来一定的影响，而且这类 句子出现频率较高，考生需要熟记。
个由 who 引导的定语从句。 主句有两个谓语， 即 are doubtful 和 say, say 后面又接了一个宾语从句。
②Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their ad]
Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently
for a few minutes after it had fermented (发酵) would kill off the yeast (酵母菌) that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer.
[分析] 此句的主语为“a microcomputer”， 也有两个谓 语，即 locks 和 sets。
方法二：并列复合句的处理方法——找并列连词 ①The hot sun had caused the dough (面团) to double in size and fermenting yeast made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing. ②Miss Germaine’ s mother looked anxious through the wedding and Mr. Cordell’s parents are reported to be less than delighted.
[ 例 4]
I look forward to seeing these views taken
further, and to their being challenged by the other participants.
[分析] and 后省略了重复成分 look forward，读题时 应将被省去的部分补全理解。
2．分隔结构 为了调整语气和增加补充信息， 更主要的是为了平衡句 子结构，避免头重脚轻，使语意严密，结构紧凑，可将语法 关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来， 这就是 所谓的分隔结构。高考试题中出现较多的是插入语、用破折 号插入的新话题或补充信息。此外，还有一些句子成分 (一 般是定语)过长而出现后置，也可以看作是插入现象，只不 过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整，没有新增信息。
[分析] 第①句中的 and 和第②句中的 and 都是并列连 词，各自连接两个并列单句。
方法三：主从复合句的处理方法——找从属连词 Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn’ t unusual to hear a man say he didn’ t know his friend’ s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.
[ 分析 ] 此句的主语为 “What Winter knows of the
19yearold who saved his life”，是一个主语从句，其中主 语从句里面又包含了一个由 who 引导的定语从句；is 为主 干句的系动词，后面的 that 引导两个并列的表语从句。
[ 名师指津 ] 重要的一步。
[名师指津] 补充完整省略成分，才能正确理解语境。
4．改变语序 改变语序主要针对倒装句式。 这种打破相对固定的常规 语序的做法，或是为了强调句子表达的重心，或是强调一种 表达语气，如虚拟语气、否定语气等。这些句子往往和一些 副词、连词相关，有明显的标志。
[例 5] The professor marched into the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar (罐子) filled with dried beans (豆), and invited the students to guess how many beans the jar contained.