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taken C. how much time did it take D. how much time it
wasபைடு நூலகம்taken
2. 关联词的选择使用
• A) 是that 还是what? Eg. ① The question came up at the meeting ___
we had not enough money to do the research. A.whether B. that C. if D. what ② ____ we can’t get seems better than ____ we
2) I’ll never forget the day __ ____ I first met him. 应填in which和on which, 在……场合,介词 用in; 表示具体的某一天, 用on.
• 有时需要考虑介词和动词的搭配及介词 和名词的搭配.
• ① The clever boy made a hole in the wall, ___ he could see what was happening inside the house.
区别多重引导词
• 1.that可以引导名词性从句, 定语从句, 状语 从句.
• That he was late made the teacher angry. • He told us the thing and persons (that) he
saw there. • I’m glad that he passed the exam.
Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair. 应填of which , be proud of 为固定短语.
• 根据介词与前面的名词搭配选择.
1) Can you find a proper situation __ ____ the expression can be used?
2.which和as 引导非限制性定语从句的区 别
• which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句 的后面, as引导非限制性定语从句时放在主句 前后均可;
• as意为“正如”, 后面的谓语动词多是see, know, expect, say, mention, report等.另外用于 某固定搭配, 如the same…as, such…as等; which意为“这一点”, 如:
名词性从句引导词的特点
• 除了三个从属连词外, 连接代词和连接副词 都在句中作成分, 连接代词一般作主语, 宾 语和表语, 连接副词作时间、地点、方式、 原因状语.
• 所有的引导词都具有连词特征, 除了that在 宾语从句中可以省略外, 其他引导词一般不 能省略.
• that引导名词性从句时不作成分, 无意义, 仅起引 导作用, 在引导宾语从句时可省略, 引导主语、表 语和同位语从句时不能省略.
• ① I have no idea ___ he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. that ② Please explain ____ this is possible. A. how B. what C. why D. that ③ I remember _____ this used to be a quiet village. A. when B. how C. where D. what
复合句的种类
• 名词性从句 • 形容词性从句(定语从句) • 副词性从句(状语从句)
名词性从句
• 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表 语从句和同位语从句.
• 引导词: 1. 从属连词:that, if , whether 2. 连接代词: who, what, which, whom, whose 3. 连接副词: when, where, how, why等.
• 区别:
• that 不作成分, 无意义, 仅起引导作用;
• what可作主语, 宾语, 表语, 保留疑问词特征, 本身有意义, 相当于the thing/ fact/ matter that…, 意为“所……的(东西或事情)
• B)whether还是 if Eg. ① It depends on ___ he has enough money. A. if B. weather C. if or not D. whether ② ___ the sports meet will be held depends on
A. in which B. through which
C. at which D. on which ② He was the man ___ Master of the Game was translated.
A. into whom B. by whom C. at whom D. by him
• Eg. ① Give it to _____ you like. A. whom B. whoever C. who D. when ② It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever ③ I’ll remember ____ the teacher teaches us. A. that B. no matter what C. whatever D. no matter which
• 2. When, where, why 既可引导名词性从句, 又 可引导定语从句或状语从句, 而且有时可以互 相转化.
• When he will come is still unknown. →The time when he will come …
• I don’t know where he found his last bike. →I don’t know the place where( at which) he found …
• As we all know, he studies very hard. • He turned out to be very successful, which was
more than we could expect.
3.介词提前的定语从句
• 介词＋which/ whom, 不能用that 或who • 如何选用合适的介词: 根据后面动词和介词的搭配关系选择. The two things __ ____ they felt proud were
• 两词引导宾语从句时可以互换, 但下列情况一 般只用whether:
a. 介词后的宾语从句; b. 引导主语从句, 表语从句, 同位语从句; c. 后面出现or not. 注意: 与not连用时只能用if
eg. I wonder if he can not do me a favour.
c). whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 的区别.
have. A. What; that B. What; what C. That; that D.
That; what ③ They want to make it clear to the public____
they do an important job. A. when B. where C. that D. which
• This is the house where (in which) we lived for 5 years.
• 选择关系词一定要考虑它在从句中的作 用, 即作主语、宾语、表语、定语时用关 系代词,作状语时则用关系副词.
• I still remember the days which we spent together on the farm.(宾语)
• whomever 只作宾语; • whatever﹦anything that • whoever ﹦anyone who • whomever ﹦anyone whom • whichever ﹦any one that( 强调某一范围中
的任何一个)
D) how, when where, why 的选择
• I never forget the days when we worked on the farm.(状语)
• He always stayed at the office at 6:00, by which time others had gone home.(定语)
• 关系词在从句中作宾语, 状语时, 从句中 不应该出现相同意义的成分.
• 误: Have you finished the book which you borrowed it from the library last week?
• 正: Have you finished the book (which) you borrowed from the library last week?
名词性从句难点
• 1.语序和时态 Eg. ① The question ____ has been worrying him
recently. A. where is to go B. where to go C. where is he to go D. where he was to go
② He asked me ______ to build this plant. A. how long it was taken B. how long it had
定语从句难点
• 1.whose引导的定语从句. whose 作定与修饰后面的名词, 可修饰人或 物, 相当于…of whom , …of which Eg. ① His the student whose composition(﹦the composition of whom) won the first prize. ② I refer to the house whose window (﹦the window of which ) faces the lake.
