高考短文改错考点剖析
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高考短文改错知识点短文改错是高考英语中的一道常考题型,要求根据所给文章,找出文中存在的错误,并且对其进行修改。
本篇文章了高考短文改错的知识点,可以帮助考生更好地备考高考。
知识点1. 语法错误语法错误是短文改错中最常见的错误类型。
主要包括以下内容:•主谓不一致•动词时态不一致•数量不一致•代词不一致•非谓语动词使用错误•并列连词使用错误等解决语法错误的关键在于掌握语法知识,需要注意对不同语法知识点的掌握和理解。
2. 单词拼写错误单词拼写错误也是短文改错中常见的错误类型之一。
考生可以通过在平时多读英语文章,积累英语单词的方法来提高拼写水平。
同时,考生还可以使用一些单词拼写检查软件来避免拼写错误。
3. 词序错误词序错误也是高考短文改错考察的一个知识点。
需要考生掌握英语句子的语序,通过平时的英语阅读和写作训练来提高对英语语序的理解和掌握。
4. 词形变化错误词形变化错误是一个广泛的问题。
例如,名词的单数和复数形式,动词的过去式和过去分词形式,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式等。
考生需要注意这些词汇的使用和变化规则,以避免此类错误。
解决方法1.积累词汇量积累足够的词汇量是短文改错中解决问题的关键。
考生应该经常阅读英语文章,边读边记,并掌握不同的单词用法和变化规则。
2.锻炼语法知识在语法方面,考生应掌握基本的语法知识,包括:主谓一致、时态、代词、介词、非谓语等语法点。
对于每个语法点,考生应该了解其意义和用法,并记忆其相应的句法规则和结构。
3.增加写作训练在实践中,考生应该增加写作练习,尤其是关于文章中常见错误的改错练习。
对于练习中的问题,考生需要通过细致的阅读和思考,找到错误所在,同时对错误进行适当的修改和补救。
4.留出检查时间在解决错误时,考生需要有清楚的思路和正确的方法。
一般来说,建议将修改时间留在考试结束前的5分钟,检查一遍文章,找出可能存在的错误并尽可能进行修改。
,短文改错在高考英语中是一个必考的考试题目。
单句改错考察类型:1. 多词1〕不可数名词泛指时,多冠词,或不可数名词/抽象名词,多不当修饰词.2〕谓语动词多不当助动词3〕感官使役动词后不定式作宾语补足语时多了to4〕不是从句却加了关系词或连接词5〕及物动词后多了介词或副词6〕比拟级前多词7〕词义重叠 / 冗词错误8〕作时间状语的名词短语前多了介词9〕固定搭配中多词2. 缺词1〕可数名词前缺限定词2〕动词不定式缺to3〕不及物动词后缺介词或副词4〕固定搭配中缺词50被动语态缺助动词be 6〕句子成分残缺(一般缺谓语动词或动词)3.错词1〕不定冠词a / an、定冠词或物主代词错误2〕可数名词复数少了-s3〕动词时态与时间状语〔或上下文〕不一致4〕语态错误5〕非谓语动词形式错误6〕主谓不一致7〕代词和名词不一致8〕词义辨析错误9〕介词与名词、动词或形容词搭配错误10〕连词错误11〕词类错误12〕关系代词或关系副词错误13〕逻辑错误14〕固定搭配和习惯用法错误短文改错口诀动词形,名词数,注意形和副;非谓动词细区分,习惯用法要记住;句子成分多分析,逻辑错误须关注。
一、动词形主要包括两类错误:动词的时态和语态错误,以及主、谓不一致的错误。
例如:My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. isNow my picture and prize is hanging in the library. are上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。
找出此类错误的关键是树立结实的时态概念,注意短文容发生或存在的时间,保持时间概念的一致性。
二、名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。
常表现为将名词复数写成单数。
例如:…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject. subjects三、区分形和副即区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。
高考英语短文改错题九大考点分析高考短文改错题具有“高起点、低落点”的特点, 对学生的语言感觉和语言能力要求较高, 但改正的错误往往比较简单。
很多学生做不好改错题不是因为没有掌握这些语法知识, 而是不能通过语感找出错误。
所以培养学生有意识地去注意一些高考短文改错的常考点非常重要。
综合近年的高考题我们可以看出主要在以下语法项目上设题:1.名词和限制词的搭配主要涉及可数与不可数名词与冠词、指示代词、物主代词的错误搭配, 以及名词的单复数的误用。
2.动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时中间杂有另一时态的现象, 以及动词的谓语与非谓语形式、非谓语动词之间的误用。
3.代词的误用主要是代词的格与数的错用。
如男性用了女性代词, 单数用了复数代词或相反;应当用形容词性的物主代词用了名词性等。
4.数词的误用主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用, 以及hundred, thousand, dozen, score等词和具体数量词连用时的用法以及表示约数的用法。
5.形容词与副词主要涉及到形容词和副词的原级、比较级与最高级的误用, 以及形容词和副词的误用等。
6.考查英语中的并列现象在一些英语中的并列结构中没有用并列的语法结构, 如并列连词连接的两个部分等。
7.考查上下文的逻辑关系but, and, so, however, otherwise等一些并列连词和连接副词的误用。
before, after, when, until, since等状语从句引导词的误用等。
还有肯定和否定的误用等。
8.一些相似结构的误用如used to do, be used to do, be used to doing等结构的误用。
9.惯用法的搭配改错步骤上述9个方面, 同学们在做题时只要稍加留意, 找出错误的比率就会增大很多。
做短文改错题时一般遵循以下几个步骤:1.先通读全文。
认真阅读短文, 在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。
高考英语短文改错考点解析-冠词一、考点规律分析短文改错对冠词的考查主要涉及冠词的误加和漏用,有时也考查不定冠词与定冠词以及零冠词的用法区别〔包括 a 与 an 的区别〕。
其中,涉及最多的是,当一个单数可数名词表示泛指时,其前漏用不定冠词;另外,冠词在一些习语中的用法也是一个重要考点。
二、真题单句归纳〔1〕 After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. 〔a 改为 an,因 hour 读音以元音开头〕〔全国卷〕〔2〕 I decided to climb the tree to see where we were. 〔the 改为 a,因此处并非特指,而是泛指〕〔全国卷〕〔2〕 Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports. 〔去掉 the,因这里的 books 表泛指,不表特指〕〔全国卷〕〔3〕Good health is person‘s most valuable possession. 〔person’s 前加 a,这里的 a 表泛指〕〔全国卷〕〔4〕 Modern people know more about the health, have better food, and live in clearer surroundings. 〔去掉 the,因health 表泛指〕〔全国卷〕〔5〕 There is public library in every town in Britain. 〔public library 前加 a,因这里的 public library 是单数可数名词表泛指,故在其前用 a〕〔全国卷〕〔6〕 Maybe you could come during a winter holidays. 〔a 改为 the,因从含义上看,此处的 winter holidays 属特指或者是谈话双方都知道的〕〔全国卷〕〔7〕 Today I visited the Smiths — my first visit to a American family. 〔a 改为 an,因 American 的读音以元音开头〕〔全国卷〕〔8〕 Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. 〔captain 前加冠词 the,captain 为特指〕〔全国卷〕〔9〕 Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another. 〔the 改为 one,one 与下一行的 another 构成“一个……另一个〞〕〔全国卷〕〔10〕I‘ll take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday. 〔wonderful 前加 a,该表达与 have a good time 类似,其中的 a 不可省〕〔春季卷〕〔11〕 Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. 〔去掉 a,catch sight of 是习语,意为“看见、瞥见〞〕〔全国卷〕〔12〕 For example, when I was a child, the rain was a mystery〔奥秘〕。
短文改错考情分析:1. 词类用法:考查不同词类的不同用法, 与语法填空中的词性转换考点相同。
2. 辨析:只考many与much, here与there, some与any, ago与before等十分常见的词之间的混用,这些词是稍有语感、不讲自会的, 千万别走入过去凡遇近义词必辨的误区。
3. 其他:指不便归于某一语法项目的考点。
2014课标卷I——somewhere→ everywhere2014课标卷II-—They→ There (there be句型写成they be)2014大纲卷--should able to→ should be able to (漏掉be,因able是形容词, 不能作谓语, 加be)2013课标卷I—-remember… much→remember…well /clearly (习惯修饰语,记得清楚,而非记得非常。
)2013课标卷II——was drank→ was drunk (过去分词拼写错误)2013大纲卷--stand→ stand up (漏掉up)2012课标卷——do wrong→ go wrong (可列到辨析类)2012大纲卷I-—cut off→ cut down (语境意义)2011大纲卷I—-think over→ think of(语境意义)2011大纲卷II—-so +adj。
+ that…写成so much +adj。
+that… (如此……以致……);more than happy写成了better than happy (非常高兴)命题特点⑴用来命题的短文内容与学生的学习生活非常贴近,好像就是学生的习作.⑵长度均在100词左右。
⑶这些材料都是记叙文.⑷新课标卷的设题通常是:1处多1个词,1处少1个词,8处错1个词。
5. 要求考生添加或删除的词通常是虚词.⑴少了一个词,要求添加的词有:①冠词:in countryside →in the countryside(2015课标I)As result→ As a result(2014课标I)②介词:listening music→ listening to music(2014课标II)③连词:He had…, he was… →He had…, and he was(2013课标I)④不定式符号:came see me→ came to see me(2007课标)⑤物主代词:Tom saw parents→ Tom saw his parents(2015课标II)⑵多了一个词,要求删除的词有:介词、冠词、连词、助动词、不定式符号to。
2024高考英语短文改错知识点清单与技巧总结高考英语短文改错是考生最容易出错的题型之一。
为了帮助同学们更好地备考,下面将总结出一份2024高考英语短文改错的知识点清单,并提供一些解题技巧供参考。
一、名词单复数错误在短文改错中,名词单复数错误是一个常见的错误类型。
特别是对于一些名词的复数形式容易混淆的情况,比如:child-children、man-men、woman-women等等。
因此,同学们在做题时要特别注意名词的单复数形式。
二、动词时态错误动词时态错误也是一个常见的错误类型。
在改错时,同学们需要仔细分析上下文,确定动词的时态是否正确。
同时,要注意一些常见的时态使用规则,如:一般现在时用于客观真理、演绎法和表示经常性动作;一般过去时用于过去的时间和过去的状态;现在进行时用于表示现阶段正在进行的动作等等。
三、冠词错误冠词错误也是考生常犯的错误之一。
在改错时,同学们需要掌握冠词的基本用法。
例如,当某物品是特指的时候使用定冠词"the",当某物品是泛指的时候使用不定冠词"a/an",当某物品是不可数名词时不用冠词等等。
四、代词错误代词错误也是高考英语短文改错中常见的错误类型之一。
同学们在做题时要注意代词的指代关系是否明确、单复数是否匹配等问题。
同时,注意一些特殊的代词用法,如:it作形式主语、形式宾语和形式表语;one作人称代词只能用于单数形式等等。
五、形容词与副词错误形容词与副词的错误也是考生常犯的问题。
在短文改错时,同学们需要判断形容词还是副词的用法,并根据上下文来进行判断。
同时,要遵循一些形容词和副词的基本规则,如:形容词修饰名词,副词修饰动词、形容词和副词等等。
六、介词和介词短语错误介词和介词短语的错误也常见于短文改错题中。
同学们在改错时要根据上下文的语境来选择正确的介词。
同时,注意一些常用介词的搭配,如:look forward to、depend on、belong to等等。
解题技巧短文改错题涉及的知识点多,覆盖面广,对同学们的综合能力要求高,是高考英语的一大易失分点。
对此,笔者就高考英语短文改错题的考点进行了归纳。
考点之一:用词错误这类错误考查面广,常见的设错点有:①非谓语动词的错用;②形容词与副词的错用;③动词时态、语态、主谓一致的错用;④人称代词主宾格的错用;⑤名词单复数、名词与不可数名词、名词所有格的错用;⑥习惯用法中介词的错用;⑦基数词与序数词的错用;⑧并列连词、从属连词的错用;⑨从句关系代词和副词的错用等。
在解答时,同学们要认真浏览全文,在理解文章大意的基础上整行整句分析,并从词法、句法以及逻辑等方面判断出用词错误。
【例1】①(2020年高考全国卷1)I like eating fry-ing tomatoes with eggs .②(2020年高考全国卷2)Actually,I started to learn kung fu when I was seven years old,for I have long been out of practice.③(2020年高考全国卷3)My mom is really con-cerned with the health of everyone in our families.解析:①考查非谓语动词的准确运用。
句意是:我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。
动词“fry ”与“tomatoes ”之间为动宾关系,并非主动关系,所以应用过去分词作定语,故此处的“frying ”应改为“fried ”。
②考查连词的准确运用。
句意是:事实上,我7岁时就开始学功夫了,但我很久没有练习了。
通过分析句子可知,前半句说“我7岁时就开始学功夫了”,后半句说“我很久没有练习了”,由此不难看出,前后语意出现了转折,应用转折关系的连词,故此处“for ”错误,应改为“but ”。
③考查单数名词的运用。
句意是:我的妈妈真的关心我们家里每个人的健康。
高考英语短文改错考点分析通过对历届高考英语短文改错题的深入研究和反复比较,我们发现:高考英语短文改错的设错(即考点)很有规律,并且呈现出极强的稳定性。
常规考点主要集中在动词、冠词、介词、连词、名词、形容词和副词、各类从句引导词、行文逻辑等方面。
进一步的研究还表明:动词:主要考查时态(每年必有)、非谓语动词(每年必有)、语态(有时有)等方面。
冠词:主要考查基本用法(冠词设错几乎每年都有)。
介词:主要考查介词的习惯搭配(比如与名词搭配、与动词搭配、尤其是与形容词的搭配等,介词设错几乎每年都有)。
名词:主要考查其可数性或单复数的使用情况等(几乎每年都有)。
形容词:主要考查比较等级、搭配、修饰、用法区别等(形容词设错几乎每年都有)。
副词:主要考查副词修饰其他词的正确性,有时也考查搭配与行文逻辑方面的问题等。
代词:主要考查前后指代的一致性以及某些习惯用法等。
并列连词:并列连词考查主要涉及行文逻辑。
各类从句:包括状语从句、名词性从句、定语从句等。
主要考查各类从句的引导词的正确使用问题(大部分年份有)。
1高考英语短文改错考点类析·非谓语动词一、考点规律分析短文改错对非谓语动词的考查主要涉及不定式符号to 的有无,介词后该使用动词的什么形式(用动名词),并列结构中几个非谓语动词是否一致,动词用作主语时用何种形式(可用动名词或不定式,但不能用动词原形)等。
二、真题单句归纳(1) David and I wanted go off to find help but Bill insisted on staying near the car. (wanted 后加to,因为want 后要接不定式) (全国卷)(2) …rather than go into the forest and getting lost. (getting 改get,因为get 与其前的go 并列) (全国卷)(3) David pointed to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village. (leading 改为lead,因为其前有助动词would) (全国卷)(4) I went back to get David and helped him to stood up. (stood 改为stand,因为to stand up 在此为不定式结构) (全国卷)(5) Charles and Linda Mason do all of these things as well as climbed building. (climbed 改为climb / climbing,若将as well as 视为连词,则将climbed 改为climb,因为它与其前的do 并列;若将as well as 视为介词,则climbing,因为介词后动词用动名词) (全国卷)(6) Modern people know more about health, have better food, and to live in clearer surroundings. (去掉live 前的to,因为live 与其前的know, have 并列) (全国卷)(7) The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all over the world. (improve前加to,to improve…为表目的的不定式短语) (全国卷) (8) …you pay the cost of send a postcard, the librarian will write to you. (send改为sending,因为介词后接动名词作宾语) (全国卷)(9) …and let you to know when the book you want has returned (去掉know 前的to,因为其前有动词let) (全国卷)(10) I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays. (have改为having,因为介词后接动名词作宾语) (全国卷)(11) I had always wanted return to the village after moving away. (return前加to,因为want 后要接不定式) (全国卷)(12) It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home. (drove 改为drive,因为drive 与其前的to meet 并列,此处的drive 为省略to 的不定式) (全国卷)(13) I look forward to hear from you soon. (hear改为hearing,因为其前的to 是介词) (全国卷)(14) Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit. (第一个play改为playing,因为动词原形不能用作主语) (全国卷)(15) I was often a little tired after a day’s work and watch TV demands very little effort. (watch 改为watching,因为动词原形不能用作主语) (全国卷)(16) I’d like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning. (come 前加to,因为would like 后接不定式) (北京春季卷)(17) I’ll spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it. (prepare 改为preparing,因为它与其前的reading 并列,与其前所用的动词spend 有关) (北京春季卷)(18) But then there is always more mysteries look into. (look 前加to,此处为不定式作后置定语) (北京春季卷)(19) After learn the basics of the subject, nothing else seemed very practical to me. (learn 改为learning,因为介词后接动名词作宾语) (北京春季卷)(20) My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. (make 前加to,因为to make…在此用作目的状语,注意句型do all one can to do sth) (全国卷)(21) He did not want share things with other people. (want 后加to,因为want 后要接不定式) (北京春季卷)(22) That is, a game of tennis making him very busy. (making 改为made,因为缺谓语,不能用非谓语形式,根据上下文用一般过去时) (北京春季卷)(23) As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting 改为visited,因为它与其前的fed 和其后的told 并列) (全国卷)(24) But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go 改为going,因为动词原形不能用作主语) (安徽春季卷)(25) …children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (read 改为reading,因为介词后要接动名词) (年北京春季卷)(26) …to make children to want things that they don’t really need.(去掉want 前的to,因为want…在此用作使役动词make 的宾语补足语) (年北京春季卷)(27) Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English. (talk 改为talking,因为动词enjoy 后要接动名词作宾语) (全国卷)(28) Shake her head, she said, “It isn’t a good time to do that, dear.”(Shake 改为Shaking,现在分词表伴随) (江苏卷)(29) It’s like going to a huge library without have to walk around to find your books. (have 改为having,介词后用动名词作宾语) (广西卷)(30) I am thinking of making a trip to London, and visit the British Museum and some parks. (visit改为visiting,因visit与making并列,作介词of的宾语) (四川卷)(31) I have some records giving to me as birthday gifts.(giving 改为given,“把某物给某人”是give sth to sb;句中records与give是被动关系,故用过去分词)(32) I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and give lessons to lovely boys and girls. (give改为giving,因它与standing并列,作dream of的宾语)三、模拟单句演练(1) In those days we were forced work twelve hours a day.(2) It’s very difficult for a foreigner learn Chinese.(3) It was silly of you believe what he said.(4) He was made wash the boss’s car once a day.(5) I’ll let you to know as soon a s I hear from her.(6) I waved to her but failed attract her attention.(7) I have already seen the film twice. I don’t want see it any more.(8) What I want know is when all this happened.(9) It was clear that he wanted be alone.(10) Most children are interested in listen to stories.(11) Walk quickly is difficult for an old man.(13) Be careful in cross the street.(14) The film is very interesting. It is worth see twice.(15) Find work is very difficult these days.(16) Most of us students enjoy ask questions in English.(17) Look, some of my classmates are practising speak English over there.(18) Teach a child to sing and dance is very interesting.(19) Learn to speak English is more difficult than to write it.(20) My friend Jim is very good at making things and repair things.(21) He decided to go to the south, find a good job and living there.(22) It was very kind of you to buy us some much fruit and seeing us at the station.(23) Excuse me, would you to tell me the way to the zoo?【参考答案】(1) work 前加to,此句为force sb to do sth 的被动形式。
高考英语短文改错考点分类解析主谓一致一、考点规律分析从广义来说,英语中的一致问题涉及多个方面,如主谓一致、人称的一致、并列结构的前后一致等。
由于人称的一致已归入“代词”考点、并列结构的前后一致已分别归入非谓语动词、时态等,所以这里只归纳主谓一致问题。
二、真题单句归纳(1) Bill was standing at the side of the car, talking to two men who was helping him to repair it. (was 改为were,因先行词two men 是复数,所以修饰该先行词的定语从句的谓语动词也应用复数) (全国卷)(2) Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fairplay and team spirit. (give 改为gives,它与makes 为平行结构,构成并列谓语动词) (全国卷)(3) Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. (is 改为are,因主语是my picture and the prize,故谓语动词要用复数) (全国卷)(4) But then there is always more mysteries to look into. (is 改为are,因其后的mysteries 为复数,故谓语动词要用复数) (北京春季卷)(5) But not all information are good to society. (are改为is,因为主语是不可数名词information,表单数) (广西卷)(6) So then, a concert cost so much. I may just listen to music. (cost改为costs,因主语是单数aconcert,根据全文用的都是现在的时态,故用一般现在时) (年四川卷)(7) If I listen to my own records, there are no need to spend money. (are改为is,因为在there be 结构中的be用is还是用are,由紧跟在be后的那个名词的单复数来决定,此处no need是单数,所以用is) (四川卷)(8) …you will probably want to join the Stamp Collectors’ Club which exist to add more stamps to your collection. (exist改为exists,因主语which是指the Stamp Collectors’ Club,这是单数,所以用exists) (浙江卷)(10) One evening she told me that something happened when their parents was out. (was改为were,因为主语their parents是复数,所以不用was要用were) (年福建卷)三、模拟单句演练(1) Her parents were in Shanghai, and so was his.(2) As is known to us all, remembering English words are not easy.(3) The police was looking for the murderer everywhere in the city.(4) Writing English and speaking it is different things.(5) It is the parents and their son who wants to buy the bicycle.(6) What he said at the meeting were very important to us.【参考答案】(1) was 改为were,因其主语his 为his parents 之略,为复数。
高考英语短文改错常考知识点高考英语中,短文改错是一道全面考察考生英语语法水平和语感的题型。
因此,我们需要了解一些常见的错误类型和改正方式。
本文将从常见错误类型、语法知识点和解题技巧三个方面来详细介绍和分析。
一、常见错误类型1. 词汇错误此类错误是指考生用错了某个单词的形态或意义,或者不恰当的使用了某个短语。
例如:原句:He seem to be worried about something.改错:He seems to be worried about something.解析:此处动词seem不能用于第二人称和第三人称单数形式,需改为seems。
2. 时态错误考生常常在使用时态时出现错误,例如将过去式用于现在情况,或将现在时用于过去事情。
例如:原句:I forget to bring my book with me yesterday.改错:I forgot to bring my book with me yesterday.解析:此处应该用过去时态,因为时间是过去的事情。
3. 冠词错误冠词错误包括不使用或多余使用冠词、使用错误的冠词等。
例如:原句:I’m going to see the Dr. Smith this afternoon.改错:I’m going to see Dr. Smith this afternoon.解析:在这里,Dr.是一个专业的称呼,不需要加上冠词the。
4. 主谓一致错误主谓一致错误是指主语和谓语在人称、数方面的不一致。
例如:原句:The news on TV are interesting.改错:The news on TV is interesting.解析:news是一个不可数名词,因此应该用单数动词is。
二、语法知识点1. 动词时态英语动词时态繁多,不同的时态表达不同的时间关系。
在修改时,应根据语境选择正确的时态。
例如:原句:He goes to school on foot everyday.改错:He goes to school on foot every day.解析:此处应用一般现在时,表示习惯性动作或真理。
高考英语短文改错解题技巧与方法1.通读全文,了解短文大意,把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑,尤其是有的行文逻辑方面的错误在看单句时难以发现错误(比如前文用mike,后文代词用she等)。
在通读全文时把一些容易的错误先改好,再进行分句改错。
2.分局阅读,逐行找错。
在完成第一步后,要进行逐行主句的改错。
这是要对文中的词法、句法和语篇角度着重分析和特别注意。
3.最后把改好的短文再阅读一遍,检查答案是否正确,感觉是否还有不妥之处,最终形成定稿。
4.短文改错【考查要点】1.词法的测试:词性,词义2.定冠词和不定冠词的用法,即a,an,the三者的转化与增减。
例:A beauty of the West Lake is more than I can describe.正解:A__The3.名词的单复数和名词所有格。
例:More than one students can’t take in it.正解:students—student 4.动词的时态、语态、语气,情态动词和非谓语动词。
例:He is good at sing songs.正解:sing—singing5.人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等用法。
例:The book is her.正解:her—hers6.词性的变化。
例:John deep believed that the God knows everything.正解:deep —deeply7. 并列连词、从属连词的用法。
例:She insisted that the boy told was a lie.正解:that —what8. 形容词、副词以及比较级与最高级的用法。
例:They all exacting by the exacted news.正解:exacting —exacted ; exacted —exacting9. 固定搭配与习惯用法。
例:It happened all of sudden.正解:of ∧a 句法的测试:1. 考察英语的一致性现象,主要包括:主谓不一致、代词不一致、时态不一致。
高考英语短文改错专题考点分析课件一、教学内容本节课选自《高考英语》教材,主要针对短文改错专题进行考点分析。
教学内容包括第二章“语言知识运用”中的第五节“短文改错”,详细内容涉及词汇、语法、句型结构及篇章逻辑等方面的错误辨识与修正。
二、教学目标1. 熟练掌握短文改错的基本技巧,提高语言运用能力。
2. 能够准确识别并修正词汇、语法、句型结构及篇章逻辑等方面的错误。
3. 培养学生的逻辑思维能力和问题解决能力。
三、教学难点与重点1. 教学难点:篇章逻辑错误的识别与修正。
2. 教学重点:词汇、语法、句型结构错误的辨识与修正。
四、教具与学具准备1. 教具:多媒体教学设备、PPT课件。
2. 学具:学生用书、练习册、文具。
五、教学过程1. 导入:通过展示一组短文改错的实例,引发学生对本节课的兴趣。
2. 讲解:详细讲解短文改错的基本技巧,包括词汇、语法、句型结构及篇章逻辑等方面的错误辨识与修正方法。
3. 实践情景引入:给出一段短文,让学生尝试进行改错。
4. 例题讲解:针对短文改错中的典型错误类型进行讲解,分析错误原因,给出正确答案。
5. 随堂练习:布置一些短文改错的练习,让学生独立完成,并进行讲解。
六、板书设计1. 短文改错的基本技巧:词汇、语法、句型结构、篇章逻辑。
2. 错误类型及示例:拼写错误、词义错误、时态错误、语序错误等。
七、作业设计答案:见附录。
八、课后反思及拓展延伸1. 反思:对本节课的教学效果进行自我评估,分析优点和不足,为下一节课做好准备。
2. 拓展延伸:推荐一些有关短文改错的课外资料,提高学生的自主学习能力。
重点和难点解析一、教学内容的选择与安排1. 篇章类型:涵盖记叙文、说明文、议论文等多种类型,以适应不同题型的需求。
2. 错误类型:包括但不限于词汇拼写、词义选择、语法结构、标点符号、逻辑关系等,确保学生全面掌握改错技巧。
二、教学目标的设定1. 技能目标:学生需掌握识别和修正各类错误的能力。
2. 思维目标:通过短文改错,培养学生的逻辑思维和批判性思维。
高考英语短文改错题型总结语法错误知识点清单与总结高考英语短文改错题型的总结与语法错误知识点清单在高考英语中,短文改错是一种经常出现的题型。
这种题型要求学生根据所给的短文,对其中的错误进行修改。
正确地改正错误是考察学生对英语语法和词汇的运用能力。
以下是对短文改错题型的总结,并附上常见的语法错误知识点清单。
一、总结短文改错题型的解题方法和技巧1. 通读全文理解:在开始修改短文之前,先通读全文,了解文章大意和上下文。
这有助于找出句子之间的逻辑关系,减少因单纯修改个别句子而导致的错误。
2. 查找明显错误:仔细阅读每个句子,找出语法、拼写和标点等方面的错误。
特别要注意名词、动词和代词的单复数和时态的错误。
3. 判断连贯性:对于一些连接词、代词和介词的使用,需要注意上下文的连贯性,确保修正后的句子在语义和语法上都是正确的。
4. 注意语态和时态:短文改错题常考察学生对语态和时态的掌握。
要特别留意动词的时态使用是否正确,以及动词的主动或被动形式是否恰当。
5. 善于利用语境线索:上下文的语境往往为修改错误提供了线索。
善于利用上下文中的其他词汇和句子,可以更准确地找出和修正错误。
6. 注意文章的逻辑连贯性:修正错误时,不仅要纠正句子中的语法错误,还要维持全文的逻辑连贯性。
即修正错误后,整篇文章在语义和段落结构上应该是自然而流畅的。
二、语法错误知识点清单1. 名词的单复数错误:单数名词缺少冠词、名词的复数形式错误等。
2. 惯用表达错误:固定搭配的短语或词组使用错误。
3. 代词的误用:代词的主、宾格使用错误、代词的单复数形式错误等。
4. 动词时态和语态错误:动词时态使用错误、主谓一致错误、被动语态的错误使用等。
5. 介词和介词短语的使用错误:介词搭配错误,介词短语的位置错误等。
6. 形容词和副词的误用:形容词和副词的比较级和最高级错误使用、形容词和副词的位置错误等。
7. 冠词的使用错误:冠词缺失或多余、冠词的使用错误等。
高考英语短文改错考点类析·冠词一、考点规律分析短文改错对冠词的考查主要涉及冠词的误加和漏用,有时也考查不定冠词与定冠词以及零冠词的用法区别(包括a 与an 的区别)。
其中,涉及最多的是,当一个单数可数名词表示泛指时,其前漏用不定冠词;另外,冠词在一些习语中的用法也是一个重要考点。
二、真题单句归纳(1) After a hour or so we began to feel very frightened. (a 改为an,因hour 读音以元音开头) (全国卷)(2) I decided to climb the tree to see where we were. (the 改为a,因此处并非特指,而是泛指) (全国卷)(2) Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports. (去掉the,因这里的books 表泛指,不表特指) (全国卷)(3) Good health is person’s most valuable possession. (person’s 前加a,这里的a 表泛指) (全国卷)(4) Modern people know more about the health, have better food, and live in clearer surroundings. (去掉the,因health 表泛指) (全国卷)(5) There is public library in every town in Britain. (public library 前加a,因这里的public library 是单数可数名词表泛指,故在其前用a) (全国卷)(6) Maybe you could come during a winter holidays. (a 改为the,因从含义上看,此处的winter holidays 属特指或者是谈话双方都知道的) (全国卷)(7) Today I visited the Smiths —my first visit to a American family. (a 改为an,因American 的读音以元音开头) (全国卷)(8) Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. (captain 前加冠词the,captain 为特指) (全国卷)(9) Some wanted to see the programme while others preferred another. (the 改为one,one 与下一行的another 构成“一个……另一个”) (全国卷)(10) I’ll take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday. (wonderful 前加a,该表达与have a good time 类似,其中的a 不可省) (北京春季卷)(11) Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. (去掉a,catch sight of 是习语,意为“看见、瞥见”) (全国卷)(12) For example, when I was a child, the rain was a mystery(奥秘). (去掉the,rain 在此泛指) (北京春季卷)(13) We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the,因same 前应用定冠词) (全国卷)(14) As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.(在famous 前加a,注意mountain 是单数可数名词) (全国卷)(15) My teacher advised me to keep my diary. (my diary 改为a diary,keep a diary 意为“写日记”) (全国卷)(16) When I was boy, the most exciting thing was to celebrate the Spring Festival. (boy 前加a,因boy 为可数名词) (江苏卷)(16) On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend. (a 改为the,因这不是泛指的周末,而是特指本周周末)(四川卷)(17) And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of their own and discover an interest which can even last lifetime. (lifetime 前加a,指人的一生是a lifetime) (浙江卷)(18) Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. (fire 前加the,因这是特指的一场火灾) (福建卷)(19) As we all left home at early age,… (early前加an,at an early age意为“在年幼时”) (天津卷)(20) My grandma was the best cooker in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. (cooker 改为cook,比较:cook=炊事员,cooker=炊具) (江苏卷)三、模拟单句演练(1) Her sister, who is nurse, will marry one of the doctors in the hospital.(2) It was such wonderful dinner that we enjoyed it very much.(3) It was raining hard, so I had to borrow a umbrella.(4) My friend Mary comes from an European country.(5) Mr Smith used to be physics teacher till he turned writer.(6) In small village like this, everybody knows everybody else.(7) Only few of the children can read such books.(8) For long time neither of us spoke to each other.(9) Look, a girl in blue is my cousin.(10) Look! A car has stopped there. A car is beautiful.(11) She asked whether we came from a same city.(12) The mountain was covered with the snow all the year round.(13) You don’t know what wonderful time we’ve had.(14) People made the fun of her because she wore such strange clothes.(15) Soon the plane was out of the sight.(16) Great changes have taken the place in my hometown since 1978.(17) In the word, he is a good student and all of us like him.(18) You say you took the book without his permission. In the other words, you stole it. 【参考答案】(1) nurse 前加a,因nurse 为可数名词。
高考短文改错考点剖析高考短文改错考点剖析说明:1 由于格式关系,某些方框不能显示,去除的用 " ( )" 表示2 本文中句子只是短文句子截取,要理解句子间逻辑关系,还需仔细阅读全文(一) 题型分析:短文改错重点从词法,句法和行文逻辑考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语力,同时兼顾句型结构,习惯搭配等.浙江省该题通常有三种设题形式:多词,少词和纠错。
(二) .解题方法: 三大必有错误,四大常见错误总结必有错误: ① 时态错误② 名词和冠词的错用③ 介词的缺,多,错常见错误:① 连词的错用② 代词的错用③ 平行结构的错用④ 形容词,副词的错用注意:◆必有错误: 十之八九会有的错误◆常见错误: 十之五六会有的错误◆短文改错中无单词拼写错误改错, 改动只涉及到一个词,不能多个正确把握具体解题步骤:第一步: “2个看”1看意思.做短文改错要先理解短文意思,全面把握文章(时态,体裁及内容),为正确判断和改错奠定基础(1)时态错误(必有错误),一般每篇改错都有一个时态错误.(掌握整篇文章的总体态)①总体时态为过去或现在时态中间夹有另一种时态(2008陕西) (…there were four tickets on the seat.)Someone has placed … had② 单句中的时态错误(根据句子本身结构判断,特别是要注意句子中的时间状语)(2007 陕西) I left school as soon as I can and startedwork could(2008天津) Last winter vacation, some of my classmates decide to….decided温馨提示:高考时态主要考查一般现在时态与一般过去时态之间的改动,也有可能考查现在完成时态与过去完成时态之间的has/have 与had 的改动,一般将来时态的will 与过去将来时的would, 情态动词can 与could 之间改动(2)语态的错用;—看到动词时除了看时态,还要注意语态(主要是be动词的增减,不及物动词,不及物动词短语错用成被动语态)(2006四川) We hung a sign on the front door that (was) read: “We…(2010陕西) It (was)turned out to be her own cup, ….(2008天津) One day, the school held a party, where I ∧ invited to talk….was温馨提示:平时注意对不及物动词(vi)的识记,同时注意常见系动词和不及物动词短语它们都不能用被动语态. 常见不及物动词短语: come down(下降)=go downturn out(证明是,结果是), come out (出版,结果是), give out/run out(用完)(2009全国) …..and I was hold up on my way back held(注意这种常见错误:be动词后不能跟动词原形be do,只能是be doing,be done,be to do)(3)冠词的缺,多,错(1—2个)(必有错误)① 冠词的“缺”主要是单数可数名词前缺少a/an ,某些特指名词前缺少the(2006四川) Finally we had ∧ good idea a (2010海南) My friend Nick told me∧ story about hisexperience a(2008 全国) Second, I will le arn more about∧ history of the Olympics ….the②冠词的“多”主要考查一些固定短语在短,语中无故加入冠词,不可数名词前加上a/an(2008陕西) In (the) fact, there were four tickets on the seat③冠词的“错”考查a与the区别,及a与an的区别(一般是将a改为an)(2007浙江) I had a interesting dream last night an(2009浙江)....window down and offered us a umbrella because he…..an(2010浙江参考样卷)As the high school student, I like to ……a(4)名词的错用(1—2个)(必有错误)① 考查可数名词单复数错用(2007全国) I looked at his other hands hand(2009全国) I stayed here for one and a half hour and….hours注意可数名词单复数在one of ….结构中.的错用(2010全国)Christie was one of my best friend at high school. friends(2009浙江) …. while I was walking home with one of my friend,…friends② 不可数名词错用成复数(2006浙江) Your knowledges of Greece can help the…..knowledge(2010重庆) … or can at least give you some advices advice常考不可数名词: advice (suggestion可数名词),information(message 可数名词),work (job 可数名词), money, weather , fun , knowledge , furniture,experience (可数:经历. 不可数: 经验)(5)代词的错用(1—2个) (常见错误)① 人称代词的错用(主格和宾格错用,及第一,二,三人称之间的错用)(2008浙江) Getting out of the classroom is indeed necessary for we us(2010浙江) ……”Neither did me.” Said Mother Cheerfully I(2009全国2) We climb everywhere ,not only in America. They have been …we②代词单复数指代的错用(主要是they,them与it及their与its/his/her之间的改动)(2006安徽) You may keep the books for several weeks so that you canhave enough time to finish it them(2008安徽)We choose the cheapest biscuits and ate it under a tree. them(2009重庆) ..in Chinese food. Here I’d like to tell you something about them it③ 反身代词的错用(主要是反身代词与人称代词宾格之间的错用)(2006全国) I just smiled to me and thought, myself(2008福建) When you come , you can stay with ourselves us2看结构(1)连词的错误(1个) (常见错误) ;看到连词要注意其表达的句子在文章中的逻辑关系是否正确 ,主要表现为并列,递进,转折,因果,条件等①连词的错用(主要是and ,but, so ,or之间的错用)(2007重庆) we were wet to the skin, and we still sang and laughed happily. but(2009浙江).This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferredto give it to everyone else. but(2010浙江)After we left, I sai d, “That was very nice of you, Mother.So I didn’t think she looked like Grandma but(2008陕西) However, while John went back home, the tickets were still there when② 连词的缺少(当看到两个句子之间有逗号,要注意句子间是否缺连词)(2008天津) I have already studied …years,∧I can’t use it very well but/yet(2009陕西) some friends of his go to see him every day, ∧ they take him… and③连词的(主要考查though/although与but,because/since/as与 so的连词重复使用,一般情况下删除 but,so等连词。
)(2006浙江) Since you have visited Greece ….,(so) I would like to know…(2009温州二模) Although I was tiring, (but) I enjoyed myself 温馨提示:连词的考查以and, but , or,so之间的错用为主◆见了从句要看引导词(十之七八从句引导词有问题)(2007全国) There’s just a chance which I can joinit that(2009全国) …, I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me why(2010陕西) It turned out to be her own cup, that she’d left on the shelf…which(2009辽宁) One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only 100yuan which(2)平行结构的错用(常见错误)---主要指用and, but, not…but, not only…butalso…,neither….nor,either….nor ,as well as等连接的并列结构对应位置形式相同(2008安徽) We choose the cheapest biscuit and ate it under a tree chose(2009全国) They do all of these things as well as climbed building climb (2009全国) Modern people know more about health, have better food ,and (to) livein ....(2008浙江) I would easy finish 300 envelops in five hours and (to) earn the money.(3)形容词,副词的错用(1—2个)(常见错误)①形容词错用成副词 (形容词作表语,\宾语补足语及作定语)(2006江西) Yes, it is clearly that your life in you country is quite ….clear(2007浙江) I felt very proudly of myself proud (2008陕西).Reviews of the play, which all said it was a terribly one! terrible(2010重庆)Still, your happiness makes him happily too. happy②副词错用成形容词 (副词修饰动词,形容词及副词)(2006陕西)I know you are particular interested in HumanRights particularly(2008浙江)…, feeling sure I would easy finish300 envelopes in five…easily(2009重庆) The food in one area can be easy told from that in another easily③ v-ed和v-ing的错用(-ed译为“自己感到…的”,-ing译为“令人/使人…的”)(2004全国) Yes, a concert can be very excited exciting(2009全国) After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening frightened④ 原级,比较级和最高级的错用(2006 安徽) In some places you may borrow as more books as you need many(2009陕西) The doctor says he is recovering fast than expected f aster(4)介词的错误(1—2个)(必有错误)注意:此处介词包括既可以为介词又可以为副词的词,如in, up ,down等① 介词的“缺”:主要是一些固定搭配中缺少介词(2009辽宁) I asked my father∧ the money for②介词的“多”:主要考查一些时间名词前有this/that/next/last/every等词其前多介词,某些介词短语之的辨析如: because与because of , in case 与in caseof ,believe与believe in等(2010浙江参考样卷)There were two foreign teachers in our school (in) this term.(2009浙江) ..and couldn’t believe (in)that a complete stranger is so thoughtful③介词的“错”主要考查介词短语及介词与名词,动词,形容词搭配上的错用(2009重庆) Chinese food is famous with its wide variety for(2009全国1) Suddenly we caught sight at a car and some men of(2007 安徽) I am going to stay in Nottinggham by my aunt and uncle with④ 介词的宾语表现形式错误(2008全国1) I have often dreamed of talk face to face with you talking(2009浙江) … it was possible give without expect anything in return. expecting(2008浙江) Getting out of the classroom is indeed necessary for we us(5)主谓一致①主语为复数名词或代词是动词为单数,主语为单数名词或代词时动词用复数的错用(2006 四川) ….and said, “I just want to know what the sign say”says(2009全国2) When I got back, it were already 6pm was(2009重庆) Shanghai food, a little bit sweet, differ from Sichuan food….differs②在定语从句中的错用(2009全国1) ….of the car, talking to two men who was helping him…were(2004浙江)…. Join the Stamp collectors’Club which existto add…exists(2010重庆) …., he will say some words that is nice and warm. are③ 不定式,动名词及从句做主语时的谓语动词单复数错用(谓语动词用单数形式)(2009全国) Playing football not only make us grow up tall and strong…. m akes(2004浙江) Starting your collection of stamps are easy because they are…is(6)固定结构或句型的错用(2006 福建) Though I had difficulty walk back to my classroom….walking(2008辽宁) ….easy to get in (the)touch with everybody and set a goodbtime….(2009陕西) …so he often get into (the) trouble .(7)非谓语的错用①非谓语作定语的错用(2006 重庆)The city looks as an old man with leaves fallen from the tree falling(2010浙江)I notice Mother looking at a nearby table occupy by an elderlywomen and young couple occupied(2009陕西) My classmate is at present in hospital with a breaking leg broken(2010海南) On the box was a card say: “25cents each.”saying②非谓语作宾语的错用(2008辽宁) we decided ∧ stop at a village market to buy something to eat to(2009重庆) I am looking forward to meet you hereso……meeting③ 非谓语作宾补的错用(2009全国2) So I helped them going to the nearest hospital go(2009陕西) …when he let a bicycle ran right into him run(注意某些动词宾补形式: have/let/make/help sb do sth : do前的to都省略)④ 非谓语作状语的错用(2008辽宁)We all enjoyed this precious day greatly,remembe r the timewe.....remembering(2010浙江)“Excuse me”he said, put her arm around the unhappy….putting第二步: 综观全篇,注意设计规律,如:看错误类型比例是否得当,前后逻辑是否一致,有无前后矛盾现象正确错误比例(新课程浙江省高考到目前为止)多 1个缺 1 个错 8个注意: “多”和“缺”主要集中在冠词,介词,不定式符号或be动词上第三步:认真检查避免出现以下错误:①符号不规范;②一个词改为几个词或几个词改为一个词,③该大写未大写,合成词只写其中一部分等。