Chapter 5 Engine unit 2
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教学课件 汽车专业英语(第二版)
crankcase 曲轴箱
section and the crankcase section. The
house 安装
crankcase section is used to house the
crankshaft 曲轴
crankshaft, oil pan. Cooling passageways are camshaft 凸轮轴
• 4. Piston and Connecting Rod Assembly piston 活塞
• The piston and connecting rod assembly transmits the power from combustion to the crankshaft. Shown in Fig.1-1-3 ,it mainly
• are two types of sleeves－wet and dry.
• Seals must be used on the top and bottom of the wet sleeve in order to keep the coolant from leaking out of the cooling system.
built within the block. These passageways, coolant 冷却液
also known as water sockets, surround the
oil pan 机油盘
cylinders. They allow coolant to circulate water socket
(气缸体) 2- cylinder
(气缸) 3- crankcase area
（曲轴箱部分）
汽车专业英语 five
combustion engine To understand english expression about the operation of four-stroke-cycle engine
Chapter Five Engine
Unit One Operation of the Engine Focus on
The definition of internal combustion engine The operation of four-stroke-cycle engine
Text Lead In
The engine is the heart of an automobile. If fuel is burned within the engine, it is known as an internal combustion engine. The four strokes in the four-stroke-cycle engine, in their proper order, are intake, compression, power, and exhaust( See Fig. 2-1 ). The piston travels down on the intake stroke, up on the compression stroke, down on the power stroke and up on the exhaust stroke.
Text Exhaust Stroke
With the piston at the bottom of the cylinder, the exhaust valve opens to allow the burned exhaust gas to be expelled to the exhaust system, intake valve is still closed. Since the cylinder contains so much pressure, when the valve opens, the gas is expelled with a violent force. The piston travels up to TDC pushing all the exhaust out before closing the exhaust valve in preparation for starting the four stroke process over again.
初中英语人教版八年级上册阅读课教学Unit5 Section B 2b-2e教案
课堂教学设计表课程名称初中英语设计者李艳芬单位（学校）示范区白璧镇二中授课班级八2班章节名称阅读课教学Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?Section B 2b-2e学时 1学习目标课程标准：全日制义务教育普通初级中学英语课程标准本节（课）学习目标：知识和能力: Grasp the new words•1、知识目标•掌握词汇：culture, famous, appear, become, rich, successful, might, main, reason, film, unlucky, lose, ready, be ready to, character, simple and some phrases.•2、能力目标：Train the students reading skills and help them get good reading habits过程和方法:Work in groups and in pairs.Do listening 、speaking、reading and writing practice.•情感态度和价值观: 1. Learn more about American culture.• 2. Encourage students to hold on to their dreams and make the dreams come true .学生特征1. 学生经过七年级一年以及八年级前半阶段的学习，在英语学习方面，他们学会了一些基本句型后，对英语学习产生了得意感和自豪感，会使他们的兴趣有所上升。
2. 学生在进入学习基本语法阶段后，会因为语法规则多，严谨，要求精雕细刻，出现“畏难”情绪而使兴趣下降。
3. 到学习篇章结构时，由于学生渴求新知识产生的结果，如希望了解别国文化等，兴趣又呈上升趋势。
4.学生虽英语学习能力增强，但是阅读能力还有待加强，所以设置的任务还是注重培养学生掌握基本的阅读策略，提高阅读能力。
空气动力学英文PPT(Chapter_05)
6. As the lift per unit span is proportional to the circulation, so, the circulation is also a function of y 7. The lift distribution goes to zero at the wing tips.
c, α
will be different.
3. Concept of geometric twist. washout and washin.
α has a distribution along the span direction
4. Concept of aerodynamic twist.
α L =0 has a distribution along the span direction
α eff = α − α i
2 The local lift vector is in the direction perpendicular to the local relative wind. As a subsequence, there is a drag created by the presence of downwash.
※ The two vortices tend to drag the surrounding air with them, and this secondary movment induces a small component is called downwash(下洗）. ※ The downwash velocity combines with the freestream velocity to produce a local relative wind which is canted downward in the vicinity of each airfoil section of the wing. ※ definition of induced angle of attack
Power Up 六级精品课件Unit 5Lesson 2 Study smarter
PAST SIMPLE – signal word
“yesterday” (it tells us when it happened)
I … Linda at the cinema yesterday.
seen has seen
saw have seen
PRESENT PERFECT
– signal word “already”
Present Perfect Tense
is used to show the result of an action. It is used to talk about actions that started in the past and already continue to the present.
1- 3 stars (funny and quite useful)
2sHto-op4pwsetdamrdsoa(ibnnrgiyliltis)atnat rasndwheouhalsdn'tyou 3g-i2vestaersa(clihstewnianyg toofthsetnuodteysiwngas? awwhfuyl,?but making the recording
How many stars did you give number 1?
I gave it four stars because Jim said it was fun an d useful.
Read and say the tenses of the sentences.
Read and learn.
was useful) 4-1 star (it was a disaster because his writing was too untidy, so he got a terrible mark on the essay)
流利说商务英语Level5 Unit2 Part5 Driving Demand
流利说商务英语Level5 Unit2 Part5 Driving DemandI'm Rachel wood and this is Tech Talk from New York city.Today I am joined by Bob Evans, head of economic research at CiCi taxi. Welcome Bob.Thank you, Rachel. I'm very happy to be here.Now Bob, since was founded in 2011 CICI taxi has been very successful.But your company has also upset some users with its surge pricing policy.Can you explain to us what surge pricing is?Surge pricing is when CICI raises driver rates when many people need a ride at the same time.For example, if there is a concert, the area will be very crowded afterwards.And when all these people log on to the CICI APP and call for a ride, driver rates will go up.This means users will need to pay more money than usual to get a ride.Now why would CICI do this?The policy has been criticized for taking advantage of users.It's been said that you are charging people more money when they need rides the most.Well, I can understand why some people may feel that way.But they need to think about surge pricing in terms of supply and demand.What do you mean?In the case of CICI users are on the demand side and drivers are on the supply side. When there is heavy demand in an area, a greater supply of drivers will be needed there.Racing driver rates encourages them to travel to that specific area.It helps to balance supply with increased demand.So surge pricing gives drivers financial incentive.If there’s not enough supply to meet demand users will be waiting longer for a ride. Right, and when your supply is people, it's especially important to take care of them. Otherwise, a competitor will eventually take away your supply source and slow your growth rate.So are you saying that users should stop complaining and accept surge pricing?No, but the perspective of our drivers should be considered. This is the reality.CICI did not invent surge pricing, it's used in many industries.Its basic economic principles really.All right, thank you, Bob, let's take a break, we’ll be back in two minutes.He is the head of economic research at CICI taxi.The company’s surge pricing policy has upset some users. They use the company’s app to call for a ride.How many companies use surge pricing?Surge pricing is used by many companies in many industries. Surge pricing gives drivers a financial incentive.He thinks the perspective of the drivers should be considered.。
初中英语九年级 Unit 5 Section B 2a-2e说课稿
初中英语九年级 Unit 5 Section B 2a-2e说课稿一. 教材分析本文选自人教版初中英语九年级Unit 5 Section B 2a-2e，该部分主要讲述了关于环保的话题。
通过本节课的学习，学生能够掌握一些关于环保的词汇和表达方式，提高他们的环保意识。
教材内容贴近学生的生活实际，有利于激发学生的学习兴趣。
二. 学情分析九年级的学生已经具备了一定的英语基础，对于一些基本的语法和词汇已经有所了解。
但同时，部分学生在英语学习上存在恐惧心理，对于一些新的语法和词汇可能会有抵触情绪。
因此，在教学过程中，需要关注学生的心理状态，尽量营造轻松愉快的学习氛围，激发学生的学习兴趣。
三. 说教学目标1.知识目标：学生能够掌握本节课的生词和短语，了解一般现在时的被动语态。
2.能力目标：学生能够运用所学知识进行简单的对话交流，提高他们的语言运用能力。
3.情感目标：通过本节课的学习，学生能够提高环保意识，养成保护环境的良好习惯。
四. 说教学重难点1.教学重点：学生能够掌握一般现在时的被动语态，并能运用到实际情景中。
2.教学难点：学生能够正确使用一般现在时的被动语态进行句子之间的连接。
五. 说教学方法与手段1.教学方法：采用任务型教学法，让学生在完成任务的过程中，自然地学习和运用语言。
2.教学手段：利用多媒体课件、图片、卡片等辅助教学，提高学生的学习兴趣。
六. 说教学过程1.导入：通过展示一些环保的图片，引导学生谈论环保话题，自然引入本节课的主题。
2.呈现：教师通过课件展示本节课的生词和短语，让学生进行认读和学习。
3.操练：学生分组进行角色扮演，运用所学知识进行对话交流。
4.练习：教师设计一些练习题，让学生进行书面练习，巩固所学知识。
5.展示：每组学生选择一个练习题进行展示，其他学生进行评价。
6.总结：教师对本节课的内容进行总结，强调环保意识的重要性。
七. 说板书设计板书设计应简洁明了，突出本节课的主要知识点，便于学生理解和记忆。
完整版内燃机专业英语翻译
Chapter 1 Enging types and their operation1.1 Introduction and historical perspective1．内燃机的目的是从蕴含在燃料中的化学能中得到机械动力。
The purpose of internal combustion engines is the production of mechanical power from the chemical energy contained in the fuel .2．有别于外部燃烧机器，在内燃机中，能量是在机器内部燃烧或氧化燃料释放出来的。
In internal combustion engines ,as distinct from external combustion engines, this energy is released by burning or oxidizing the fuel inside the engine.3．实际上正是由于燃烧发生在机器做功部件内部才使它们的设计和运行特征从根本上有别于其他类型的机器。
It is the fact that combustion takes places inside the work-producing part of these engines that makes their design and operating characteristics fundamentally different from those of other types of engine.4.他的专利利用将液体燃料喷入仅由压缩而加热的空气中触发燃烧使效率高出其他类型内燃机的两倍。
更高的压缩比，不存在爆震或敲缸的现象成为可能。
His concept of initiating combustion by injecting a liquid fuel into air heated solely by compression permitted a doubling of efficiency over other internal combustion engines.Much greater expansion ratios, without detonation or knock were now possible.5.Houdry 发现蒸发的油在450至480度的温度下经过活性催化剂可转化为高质量汽油，比热裂解的产出高得多。
新视野大学英语2Unit5 Section A【2024版】
Tips Because when the government encourages people to _s_p_e_n_d__m_o_n__e_y to get out of the recession, they also advice people to_s_a_v_e__m_o__re_. Similarly, when banks offer higher _i_n_t_e_re_s_t_r_a_t_e_s to increase savings they send __c_r_e_d_it_c_a_r_d__o_ff_e_r_s to let people spend more.
2. In the cial Aid refer to?
The funding intended to help students pay education expenses including tuition and fees, room and board, books and supplies, etc. for education at a college, university, or private school.
Questions Previewing 1. What does financial literacy refer to ?
Tips
2. In the United States , what does Student Financial Aid refer to?
Tips
1. What does financial literacy refer to ?
A man who both spends and saves money is the happiest man, because he has both enjoyments.
2. In the cial Aid refer to?
The funding intended to help students pay education expenses including tuition and fees, room and board, books and supplies, etc. for education at a college, university, or private school.
Questions Previewing 1. What does financial literacy refer to ?
Tips
2. In the United States , what does Student Financial Aid refer to?
Tips
1. What does financial literacy refer to ?
A man who both spends and saves money is the happiest man, because he has both enjoyments.
英语人教版九年级全册unit5SectionB2b
英语⼈教版九年级全册unit5SectionB2bUnit 5 Section B 2b Beauty in Common Things⼀、整体设计思路这是⼀节阅读课，选取的⽂章是⼈教版Go for it! （2014年版）九年级Unit 5 Section B 2b Beauty in Common Things 并以此作为写作范例，进⾏写作练习。
1.对阅读篇章的⽂本处理，先让学⽣根据本课提供的阅读策略，整体感知⽂章的主旨⼤意，归纳出“总-分”的篇章结构。
然后再逐段阅读，获取⽂章每个段落的具体信息，再要求学⽣过渡到整体，以思维导图的形式呈现全⽂的脉络结构。
2.在写作练习部分，主要采取⽂章仿写的⽅式，包括仿写阅读篇章的结构、衔接⽅式和语⾔表达等，同时⿎励学⽣结合实际，发挥想象，⾃由表达。
⼆、教材分析本节课的主要话题是让学⽣通过对⼏种中国传统艺术的阅读，让他们掌握从概括到具体的阅读策略的同时，明⽩如何⽤被动语态描述物品及产地，并巩固复习被动语态的构成及其应⽤。
三、教学⽬标1.知识⽬标：（1）掌握重点单词和词组：form, clay, celebration, balloon,paper cutting, scissors, lively, fairy tale, historical, heat,polish, complete doing, turn into, add to, be covered with, in trouble, objects of beauty, send out, a Chinese fairy tale, sky lanterns, at a very high heat, according to.（2）通过学习本篇阅读，让学⽣感知、复习并运⽤本单元核⼼语法内容: ⼀般现在时被动语态the Simple Present Passive Voice ( am/is/are + done)2.技能⽬标:（1）培养学⽣的阅读技巧，如通过关注每段句⾸和句尾，快速掌握⽂章主旨⼤意的能⼒，思维导图的形式，分析⽂章脉络的能⼒。
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t And Connecting-rod Mechanism
In a reciprocating engine, the power mechanism is called the crankshaft and connecting-rod assembly. In this assembly, all of the major units such as the engine crankcase and cylinder block, the piston and connecting rod, the crankshaft and flywheel work together to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicle. The engine crankcase and block are usually cast into one piece. They are usually made of highgrade cast alloy iron to improve wear characteristics of the cylinder. The piston converts the potential engines of the fuel into the kinetic energy that turns the crankshaft. The piston is composed of piston head, piston rings, piston lands, piston skirt and piston pin hole. The piston rings are of two basic types: compression ring and oil control ring. The upper ring or rings are to prevent compression leakage and the lower ring or rings are to control the amount of oil being deposited on the cylinder wall. The connecting rod is attached to the crankshaft at one end(big end) and to the piston at the other end(small end). They are composed of connecting rod small end, connecting rod shank, connecting rod big end, connecting rod cap, and connecting rod bearing half shells. The crankshaft serves to change the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion and to handle the entire power output. The crankshaft is made up of various parts such as main bearing journal, rod journal, crank arm bearing, counter-balanced weight and flywheel end. The flywheel is a relatively heavy metal wheel, which is firmly attached to the crankshaft. Its function is to help the engine to run smoothly by absorbing some of the energy during the power stroke and releasing it during the other strokes.
In a reciprocating engine, the power mechanism is called the crankshaft and connecting-rod assembly. In this assembly, all of the major units such as the engine crankcase and cylinder block, the piston and connecting rod, the crankshaft and flywheel work together to convert thermal energy into mechanical energy used to drive the vehicle. The engine crankcase and block are usually cast into one piece. They are usually made of highgrade cast alloy iron to improve wear characteristics of the cylinder. The piston converts the potential engines of the fuel into the kinetic energy that turns the crankshaft. The piston is composed of piston head, piston rings, piston lands, piston skirt and piston pin hole. The piston rings are of two basic types: compression ring and oil control ring. The upper ring or rings are to prevent compression leakage and the lower ring or rings are to control the amount of oil being deposited on the cylinder wall. The connecting rod is attached to the crankshaft at one end(big end) and to the piston at the other end(small end). They are composed of connecting rod small end, connecting rod shank, connecting rod big end, connecting rod cap, and connecting rod bearing half shells. The crankshaft serves to change the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion and to handle the entire power output. The crankshaft is made up of various parts such as main bearing journal, rod journal, crank arm bearing, counter-balanced weight and flywheel end. The flywheel is a relatively heavy metal wheel, which is firmly attached to the crankshaft. Its function is to help the engine to run smoothly by absorbing some of the energy during the power stroke and releasing it during the other strokes.