广西民族大学357英语翻译基础历年考研真题2011-2020、无2012
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:1.85 MB
- 文档页数:28
2021年广西民族大学翻译硕士英语考研真题A卷Part I. Basic English Knowledge (30%)Section A: Multiple-choice (20 %)Directions: There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. On my way to the office, I saw a little girl standing in front of the shop window looking_____ at the toys inside.A. faintlyB. ferociouslyC. deliberatelyD. wistfully2. Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his _____ to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied.A. reactionB. commentC. impressionD. comprehension3. The branches could hardly _____ the weight of the fruit.A. retainB. sustainC. maintainD. remain4. With an eighty-hour week and little change or enjoyment, life must have been very _____for the 19th-century worker.A. disinterestedB. dryC. wearyD. depressed5. The need for cash is forcing new graduates to take any job going, and many start their working life in _____, often menial jobs.A. momentaryB. mechanicalC. ashamedD. primeval6. The bus became _____ before they arrived, and many latecomers had to wait ina long queue.A. occupiedB. engagedC. packedD. filled7. Rosa was such a last-minute worker that she could never start writing a paper till the deadline was_____.A. approachB. recentC. problematicD. imminent8. Swarms of wasps are always invading my garden. They are a thorough ______.A. nuisanceB. disturbanceC. troubleD. annoyance9. The new airport will be ______ from all directions.A. availableB. accessibleC. obtainableD. achievable10. Now researchers are directing more attention to the social and cultural_____that propelled university graduates into careers in management.A. implicationB. impulseC. atmosphereD. imminence11. The police have offered a large ____ for information leading to the robber’s arrest.A. awardB. compensationC. prizeD. reward12. For years she suffered from the _____ that her husband might come back to her.A. visionB. ideaC. imaginationD. illusion13. There has been a _____ lack of communication between the union and the management.A. regretfulB. regrettableC. regrettingD. regretted14. Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is _____ loud continuous noise.A. subjected toB. filled withC. associated withD. attached to15. My mother can’t get _____ because she has rheumatism.A. aboutB. onC. throughD. in16. The novel contains some marvelously revealing _____ of rural life in the 19th century.A. glancesB. glimpsesC. glaresD. gleams17. The party’s reduced vote was _____ of lack of support for its policies.A. indicativeB. positiveC. revealingD. evident18. At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not _____.A. on viewB. at a glanceC. on the sceneD. in sight19. Once a picture is proved to be a forgery, it becomes quite _____.A. invaluableB. pricelessC. unworthyD. worthless20. In the first few months of the war his army seemed ______, but soon it met its Waterloo.A. incredibleB. invisibleC. invidiousD. invincible21. _____ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.A. So clever are the construction robotsB. So clever the construction robots areC. Such construction robots are cleverD. Such clever construction robots are22. He felt ______ during the interview. And he failed to get the job.A. anything but wellB. nothing but wellC. something but wellD. none but well23. It is not uncommon for there _____ problems of communication between the old and the young.A .being B. would be C. be D. to be24. _____, I’ll marry him all the same.A. Was he rich or poorB. Whether rich or poorC. Were he rich or poorD. Be he rich or poor25. Sorry to have kept you waiting. You must have thought ______.A. we were not comingB. we are not comingC. we didn’t comeD. we should not come26. That was not the first time he _____ us. I think it’s high time we _____ strong actions against him.A. betrayed, takeB. had betrayed, tookC. has betrayed, tookD. has betrayed, take27. ______, he is ready to accept suggestions from different sources.A. Instead of his contributionsB. For all his notable contributionsC. His making notable contributionsD. However his notable contributions28. I am pleased with what you have given me and _____ you have told me.A. thatB. all thatC. whichD. about whatever29. ______ earlier, I could have done something to help.A. If I was informedB. Was I informedC. Had I been informedD. If I should be informed30. _____,he never alters a decision.A. Come what mayB. What may comeC. May what comeD. May come whatever31. The Minister of Finance is believed of imposing new taxes to raise extra revenue.A. that he is thinkingB. to be thinkingC. that he is to thinkD. to think32. The heart is intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlledby the brain.A. not soB. not muchC. no moreD. much more33. The membership card entitled him _____ certain privileges in the club.A. onB. inC. atD. to34. I have never been to London, but that is the city_____.A. where I like to visit mostB. I’d most like to visitC. which I like to visit mostlyD. where I’d like most to visit35. He was ______to tell the truth even to his closest friend.A. too much of a cowardB. too much the cowardC. a coward enoughD. enough of a coward36. ______ wool that is produced in _____ Scotland is used to make sweaters and other garments.A. / ... theB. / ... /C. The ... theD. The ... /37. _____ I like economics, I like sociology much better.A. As much asB. So muchC. How muchD. Much as38. You cannot be ______ careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.A. tooB. quiteC. veryD. so39. _____ enough time and money, the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.A. GivingB. To giveC. GivenD. Being given40. Barry had an advantage over his mother he could speak French.A. since thatB. in thatC. at thatD. so thatSection B: Proofreading and Error Correction (10 %)Directions: The following passage contains 10 errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.People once widely believed that intelligent life existed onMars. The 19th century discover of what appeared to be 41. geometric designs cut across the surface was taken as evidence.The lines were thought to have been system of canals that had 42. been built to irrigate the surface. This is now clear that 43. “canals〞—perhaps the most spectacular geologic features ofMars—are natural valleys which ancient rivers once flowed. 44.Other fragmented idea concerns the planet’s seasonal 45. changes in color. Once when attributed to the rapid spread of 46. some life-form, these shifts are now known to develop from themovement of fine dust in the atmosphere.By the close of the 20th century none of the manyexperiments were conducted by spacecraft had ever found 47. persuasive evidence of life. Furthermore, speculation continued 48. over the existence of some form of life, in either the presentand the past. In 1996 scientists discovered organic compounds 49. and minerals in a meteorite, consisted of Martian rock, 50. that collided with Earth around 11,000 BC. These compoundssuggest that Mars may have been inhabited by organisms morethan three billion years ago.Part II. Reading Comprehension (50 %)Section A (30 %)Directions: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and write your answerson the Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Department Store MagicFor most of the 20th century Smithson's was one of Britain's most successful department stores, but by the mid-1990s, it had become dull. Still profitable, thanks largely to a series of successful advertising campaigns, but decidedly boring. The famous were careful not to be seen there, and its sales staff didn't seem to have changed since the store opened in 1908. Worst of all, its customers were buying fewer and fewer of its own-brand products, the major part of its business, and showing a preference for more fashionable brands.But now all this has changed, thanks to Rowena Baker, who became Smithson'sfirst woman Chief Executive three years ago. Since then, while most major retailersin Britain have been losing money, Smithson's profits have been rising steadily. When Baker started, a lot of improvements had just been made to the building, without having any effect on sales, and she took the bold decision to invite one of Europe's most exciting interior designers to develop the fashion area, the heart of the store. This very quickly led to rising sales, even before the goods on display were changed.And as sales grew, so did profits.Baker had ambitious plans for the store from the start. ‘We're playing a big game, to prove we're up there with the leaders in our sector, and we have to make sure people get that message. Smithson's had fallen behind the competition. It provided a traditional service targeted at middle-aged, middle-income customers,who'd been shopping there for years, and the customer base was gradually contracting. Our idea is to sell such an exciting variety of goods that everyone will want to come in, whether they plan to spend a little or a lot.' Baker's vision for the storeis clear, but achieving it is far from simple. At first, many employees resisted her improvements because they just wouldn't be persuaded that there was anything wrong with the way they'd always done things, even if they accepted that the store had to overtake its competitors. It took many long meetings, involving the entire workforce, to win their support. It helped when they realized that Baker was a very different kind of manager from the ones they had known.Baker's staff policies contained more surprises. The uniform that had hardly changed since day one has now disappeared. Moreover, teenagers now get young shop assistants, and staffs in the sports departments are themselves sports fans in trainers. As Baker explains, ‘How can you sell jeans if you're wearing a black suit? Smithson's has a new identity, and this needs to be made clear to the customers.' She's also given every sales assistant responsibility for ensuring customer satisfaction, even if it means occasionally breaking company rules in the hope that this will help company profits.Rowena Baker is proving successful, but the City's big investors haven't been persuaded. According to retail analyst, John Matthews, ‘Money had already been invested in refurbishment of the store and in fact that led to the boost in sales. She took the credit, but hadn't done anything to achieve it. And in my view the company's shareholders are not convinced. The fact is that unless she opens several more stores pretty soon, Smithson's profits will start to fall because turnoverat the existing store will inevitably start to decline.'51. According to the writer, in the mid-1990s Smithson's department storeA. was making a loss.B. had a problem keeping staff.C. was unhappy with its advertising agency.D. mostly sold goods under the Smithson's name.52. According to the writer, Smithson's profits started rising three years ago because ofA. an improvement in the retailing sector.B. the previous work done on the store.C. Rowena Baker's choice of designer.D. a change in the products on sale.53. According to Rowena Baker, one problem which Smithson's faced when she joined was thatA. the number of people using the store was falling slowly.B. its competitors offered a more specialized range of products.C. the store's prices were set at the wrong level.D. customers were unhappy with the service provided.54. According to the writer, many staff opposed Baker's plans becauseA. they were unwilling to change their way of working.B. they disagreed with her goals for the store.C. they felt they were not consulted enough about the changes.D. they were unhappy with her style of management.55. Baker has changed staff policies because she believes thatA. the corporate image can be improved through staff uniforms.B. the previous rules were not fair to customers.C. customers should be able to identify with the staff serving them.D. employees should share in company profits.Passage TwoQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The Affect of Electricity on CancerCan electricity cause cancer? In a society that literally runs on electric power, the very idea seems preposterous. But for more than a decade, a growing band of scientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with increased risk of leukemia and other malignancies. The implications are unsettling, to say the least, since everyone comes into contact with such fields, which are generated by everything electrical, from power lines and antennas to personal computers and micro-wave ovens. Because evidence on the subject is inconclusive and often contradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the health effects of electricity is legitimate—or the worst kind of paranoia.Now the alarmists have gained some qualified support from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In the executive summary of a new scientific review, released in draft form late last week, the EPA has put forward what amounts to the most serious government warning to date. The agency tentatively concludes that scientific evidence “suggests a causal link〞between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields—those having very long wave-lengths—and leukemia, lymphoma and brain cancer, While the report falls short of classifying ELF fields as probable carcinogens, it does identify the common 60-hertz magnetic field as “a possible, but not proven, cause of cancer in humans.〞The report is no reason to panic—or even to lost sleep. If there is a cancer risk, it is a small one. The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal of debate within the Bush Administration, and the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the White House. But now no one can deny that the issue must be taken seriously and that much more research is needed.At the heart of the debate is a simple and well-understood physical phenomenon: When an electric current passes through a wire, it generates an electromagneticfield that exerts forces on surrounding objects, For many years, scientists dismissed any suggestion that such forces might be harmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak. The ELF magnetic field generated by a video terminal measures only a few mill gauss, or about one-hundredth the strength of the earth’s own magnetic field, The electric fields surrounding a power line can be as high as 10 kilovolts per meter, but the corresponding field induced in human cells will be only about 1 mill volt per meter. This is far less than the electric fields that the cells themselves generate.How could such minuscule forces pose a health danger? The consensus used to be that they could not, and for decades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, that pack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molecules that make up the human body. Such “ionizing〞 radiations have been clearly linked to increased cancer risks and there are regulations to control emissions.But epidemiological studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect. Though there is a body of laboratory work showing that exposure to ELF fields can have biological effects on animal tissues, a mechanism by which those effects could lead to cancerous growths has never been found.The Pentagon is for from persuaded. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Force scientists charge its authors with having “biased the entire document〞 toward proving a link. “Our reviewers are convinced that there is no suggestion that (electromagnetic fields) present in the environment induce or promote cancer,〞 the Air Force concludes. “It is astonishing that the EPA would lend its imprimatur on this report.〞 Then Pentagon’s concern is understandable. There is hardly a unit of the modern military that does not depend on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into every warship and plane.56. The main idea of this passage isA. studies on the cause of cancer.B. controversial view-points in the cause of cancer.C. the relationship between electricity and cancer.D. different ideas about the effect of electricity on cancer.57. The view-point of the EPA isA. there is casual link between electricity and cancer.B. electricity really affects cancer.C. controversial.D. low frequency electromagnetic field is a possible cause of cancer.58. Why did the Pentagon and Whit House object to the release of the report? BecauseA. it may stir a great deal of debate among the Bush Administration.B. every unit of the modern military has depended on the heavy use of some kindof electronic equipment.C. the Pentagon’s concern was understandable.D. they had different arguments.59. It can be inferred from physical phenomenonA. the force of the electromagnetic field is too weak to be harmful.B. the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric fieldthat the cells generate.C. electromagnetic field may affect health.D. only more powerful radiation can knock electron out of human body.60. What do you think ordinary citizens may do after reading the different arguments?A. They are indifferent.B. They are worried very much.C. The may exercise prudent avoidance.D. They are shocked.Passage ThreeQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Knowledge economyThere have long been markets in tin, cocoa, silver and the like. There used to be security in thinking that somewhere there was a product, something you could touch and see. Now there are new markets in abstractions, trade in ideas and knowledge. Everyone has knowledge but there used to be no way to trade it—except through jobs. That simple fact of economic life was the basis for white collar employment for centuries. The whole job culture grew up because there was no alternative way to sell knowledge, other than the worker or manager providing, for a fixed price, his or her knowledge to an employer to own or control. The quantity of knowledge provided has typically been measured in time.But today we stand at the threshold of a new era. The information economy has matured and become smarter. According to many business commentators, we are now living in a knowledge economy .There has always been a market for knowledge, of course. The publishing industry is based on it. But today the internet is making the distribution of knowledge ever easier. The days when the publisher decided what got published are over. Anyone with a PC and a modem can talk to the world. This is reducing the friction in the knowledge economy.Everyone has knowledge of whatever industry she or he is in. say you are a computer dealer, for example. Over the years you have compiled a list of the ten best lowest price places to buy wholesale computer equipment. Now you can sell your knowledge to newer, younger computer dealers who have no way to build up this knowledge without losing thousands of pounds finding it out the hard way. Until now, such knowledge remained securely locked in the recipient’s head, accumulated and then worthlessly withered away. This no longer needs to be the case. Such knowledge can be sold via websites.Knowledge has a distinct advantage in today’s marketplace. It’s a renewable resource. Better yet, it’s worth actually increases. “Knowledge is the only assetthat grows with use,〞 observes Stanford University Professor Paul Romer. But what exactly is knowledge and how can it be packaged to trade on an open market? “Knowledge is experiential information, intelligence applied thorough and gainedfrom experience,〞 say Joseph Pine and James Gilmore in their book The Experience Economy.The value of knowledge often depends on variables such as time and the credibility of the seller. Certain knowledge may have a very limited shelf life.In sights concerning how to set up an internet business in one country, might beworth a fortune on one day and nothing the next, depending on changes in government policy. Markets in knowledge will be significance for one thing. They representone of the most original uses of the web technology. In some corner of the globethere is a company wanting to source plastic widgets from Poland, and somewhereelse another company that wishes to set up a plastics factory there. It’s simplya case of connecting the two.Indicater is a good example of a knowledge trader. It is targeted at food service managers throughout the hospitality industry. “We started with the context rather than extracting money from suppliers,〞 explains founder Mike Day, “we offerfood service professionals interactive support to increase sales and profits. People don’t want another one-dimensional site full of advertising that doesn’t help them to do their job more effectively. It has to be customized offering real solutions to real problems.〞 The site’s features include access to online trainingand a tariff tracker to restaurants can check prices throughout the sector.61. What point is made in the first paragraph?A. Interest in commodity markets has decreased.B. Overall levels of expertise have improved.C. Opportunities to exploit your knowledge were limited in the past.D. External market forces have meant knowledge is underpriced.62. In the third paragraph, what does the writer say about knowledge?A. Acquiring knowledge can be expensive.B. The most valuable knowledge concerns IT.C. Trading knowledge raises issues of security.D. New businesses find it hard to trade in knowledge.63. What point is made about knowledge in the fourth paragraph?A. It provides specialist information.B. Its appeal lies in its exclusivity.C. it can generate new ideasD. Its value accumulates.64. Which application of knowledge does the writer regard as particularly useful?A. analyzing manufacturing trendsB. introducing compatible partiesC. interpreting time constraintsD. advising on legislation65. What key feature is provided by Indicater ?A. approaches that reflect the provider’s own experienceB. access to appropriately trained potential employeesC. advice which directly benefits the bottom lineD. advertising which is carefully targetedSection B: Cloze (20 %)Please fill in blanks 66 to 85 of the following passage. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.〞 But __66__some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness Laughter does __67__short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, __68_ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to __69__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __70___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.__71_, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __72__, studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__73___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _ 74__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of __75___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __76___one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ___77___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry __78__they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also ___79___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __80___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __81__ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would produce a(n)__82___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles __83__ more exuberantly to funny cartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, __84__ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around __85__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.66. A. among B. except C. despite D. like67. A. reflect B. demand C. indicate D. produce68. A. stabilizing B. boosting C. impairing D. determining69. A. transmit B. sustain C. evaluate D. observe70. A. measurable B. manageable C. affordable D. renewable71. A. In turn B. In fact C. In addition D. In brief72. A. opposite B. impossible C. average D. expected73. A. hardens B. weakens C. tightens D. relaxes74. A. aggravate B. generate C. moderate D. enhance75. A. physical B. mental C. subconscious D. internal76. A. Except for B. According to C. Due to D. As for77. A. with B. on C. in D. at78. A. unless B. until C. if D. because79. A. exhausts B. follows C. precedes D. suppresses80. A. into B. from C. towards D. beyond81. A. fetch B. bite C. pick D. hold82. A. disappointed B. excited C. joyful D. indifferent83. A. adapted B. catered C. turned D. reacted84. A. suggesting B. requiring C. mentioning D. supposing85. A. Eventually B. Consequently C. Similarly D. ConverselyPart III. Writing (20 %)Directions: Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic:Some people believe that success in life comes from taking risks or chances. Others believe that success results from careful planning. In your opinion, what does success come from? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.。
附件4:广西民族大学2015年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题(试卷代号:A卷)科目代码:357科目名称:英语翻译基础适用学科专业:翻译硕士(MTI)研究方向:英语笔译、英语口译命题教师签名:考生须知1.答案必须写在答题纸上,写在试题上无效。
2.答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔作答,用其它笔答题不给分。
3.交卷时,请配合监考人员验收,并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字(作为考生交卷的凭证)。
否则,产生的一切后果由考生自负。
Part I. Terminology and Phrase Translation (30%)1.Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into Chinese (15 points).(1)electoral fraud(2)Tainted stars(3)extradition treaty(4)stealth fighter(5)car exhausts(6)overcapacity(7)bricks-and-mortar stores(8)poverty-alleviation funds(9)the Global Infrastructure Initiative(10)house-for-pension program(11)Grand Slam(12)anti-monopoly investigations(13)hard-berth(14)time-honored restaurants(15)genetically modified product2.Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into English (15 points).(1)领土争端(2)栖息地保护区(3)跨太平洋伙伴关系协议(4)天然气管道(5)法庭调查阶段(6)城镇化(7)农地流转(8)公车私用(9)规模化种植(10)医保体制(11)看客心态(12)依法治国(13)冰桶挑战(14)不患难,但患无备(15)众人拾柴火焰高Part II Passage Translation (120%)1.Translate the following into Chinese (60 points).On a flight from Frankfurt to Shanghai, a foreign engineer noticed row after row of Chinese passengers deep into their iPads, playing games or watching movies. None was doing any reading. The engineer posted his observation online and got a tidal wave of responses, most of which corroborated his view.Before we get to "Why Chinese do not read", I'll reveal the spoiler, which is the most frequent defense. "We read. We just do not read in the same way as the old generations do. We rely on modern gadgets for faster access." It is true that you cannot claim that only content on a printed page is knowledge. Anything that's printed can be displayed digitally. There are millions of books available in digital form. And true electronic books can incorporate sound and video, thus enhancing the reading experience.To those who believe they can get anything and everything from the Web, I'll hereby add my two cents' worth: Yes, you can, but you won't do it.My publishers (I work with several publishing houses in China) told me that most of the best-sellers in China are textbooks or supplement reading material, in other words, books that students are forced to read, or rather, forced to buy. So, let's compare China's best-seller list with that of the New York Times. While the latter has a mix of serious books, especially about history, and celebrity memoirs, the former is almost totally nothing.A walk through an airport bookstore will bring you more doom and gloom: mostly how-to-get-rich titles written by those who've done it or who claim to have the secret recipe. On top of that, there are buyers of books in China who decorate their rooms with wall-to-wall tomes but never bother to open the pages.Yes, people do read in China to enrich their bank accounts, but not to enrich themselves comprehensively.2.Translate the following into English (60 points).中国作为人口最多的发展中国家的基本国情和定位没有改变,发展仍然是我们的第一要务。
广西民族大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题试卷代号:A卷科目代码:357科目名称:英语翻译基础考生须知1.答案必须写在答题纸上,写在试题、草稿纸上无效。
2.答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3.交卷时,请配合监考人员验收,并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字(作为考生交卷的凭证)。
否则,产生的一切后果由考生自负。
Part I.Terminology and Phrase Translation(30%)1.Translate the following terms,phrases or acronyms into Chinese(15points).(1)retail therapy(2)maternity leave(3)closet psycho(4)crowd funding(5)group interview(6)wardrobe hoarder(7)adverse drug reaction(8)livelihood issues(9)brand copycats(10)ride sharing(11)clean eating(12)selfie stick(13)tit-for-tat giving(14)IOU note(15)multi-level marketing 2.Translate the following terms,phrases or acronyms into English(15points).(1)节操(2)豆腐渣工程(3)中国式过马路(4)底线思维(5)裸官(6)土豪金(7)人口红利(8)广场舞(9)中国东盟博览会(10)幸福指数(11)退休双轨制(12)科学发展观(13)亚太经合组织(14)社会主义初级阶段(15)海上丝绸之路Part II Passage Translation(120%)1.Translate the following into Chinese(60points).One evening I look out the window of my secluded cabin,and there are soft flakes falling in the golden lamplight.They fall all night,while the voice of the river becomes more and more hushed and the noises of the forest die away.By dawn,the whole world of stream and wood and mountain has been kindled to a white flame of beauty.I go out in the morning and there is such silence that even breath is a profanation.The mountain to the north has a steel-blue light on it,and to the west the sky still holds something of the darkness of the night.To the east and the south a faint pink is spreading.I look up and see the morning star keeping white watch over a white world.After heavy snowfalls,it is the evergreens that are the loveliest,with their great white branches weighted down until they are almost parallel with the trunks.They seem like giant birds with their wings folded against the cold.The sky is clear blue now and the sun has flung diamonds down on meadow and bank and wood.Beauty,the virgin,walks here quietly,no sign upon the immaculate snow.The silence is dense and deep.Even the squirrels have stopped their ribald chattering.And fain snowbird第1页共2页。
2021年广西民族大学英语翻译根底考研真题A卷Part I Terminology and Phrase Translation (30%)1.Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into Chinese (15 points).(1)job burnout(2)Cyber Manhunt(3)SMS News(4)hands-chopping people(5)traffic congestion(6)Paris terror attacks(7)extremist(8)NGO(9)family photo(10)online retailer(11)“double 11〞 carnival(12)empty nesters(13)blockbuster(14)paid leave(15)the Beatles2.Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into English (15 points).(1)“一带一路〞战略(2)月嫂(3)冰桶挑战(4)自拍杆(5)次生灾害(6)强龙难压地头蛇(7)上门效劳(8)卫星导航(9)机构臃肿(10)光盘行动(11)教育公平(12)清真食品(13)面子工程(14)彩虹家庭(15)技术转移Part II Passage Translation (120%)1.Translate the following into Chinese (60 points).It was New Year’s Night. An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky, where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake. Then he cast them on the earth, where few more hopeless people than him now moved towards their certain goal—the tomb. He had already passed sixty of the stages leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and remorse. Now his health was poor, his mind vacant, his heart sorrowful, and his old age short of comforts.The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him, and he recalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads—one leading to a peaceful, sunny place, covered with flowers, fruits and resounding with soft, sweet songs; the other leading to a deep, dark cave, which was endless, where poison flowed instead of water and where devil and poisonous snakes hissed and crawled.He looked towards the sky and cried painfully, “O youth, return! O my father, place me once more at the entrance to life, and I’ll choose the better way!〞 But both his father and the days of his youth had passed away.He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness, and these were the days of his wasted life; he saw a star fall from the sky and disappear, and this was the symbol of himself. His remorse, which was like a sharp arrow, struck deeply into his heart. Then he remembered his friends in his childhood, who entered on life together withhim. But they had made their way to success and were now honoured and happy on this New Year’s Night.2.Translate the following into English (60 points).亚非两大洲都是人类文明的重要发源地,人口总量占世界的四分之三,国家数量超过联合国会员国的一半,亚非合作具有越来越重要的全球意义。
2011年广西民族大学翻译硕士211真题翻译硕士(MTI)备考系列Part I. Basic English Knowledge(共两部分,共30分)Section A: Multiple-choice (每小题0.5分,共40小题,共20分)Directions: There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.1. Outside my office window there is a fire ____ on the right.A. escapeB. ladderC. stepsD. stairs2. The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the ______ in which they develop: for example, leaves display a wide range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture.A. speciesB. sequenceC. patternsD. environment3. The best known of all the Arctic birds, ______.A. birdwatchers favor ptarmigansB. being ptarmigans' and birdwatchers' favoritesC. favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchersD. ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers4. The children’s ______ natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents.A. introvertedB. blitheC. phlegmaticD. mercurial5. By ______ scientific rigor with a quantitative approach, researchers in the social sciences may often have broadened their scope to those narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitativemethods.A. equatingB. vitiatingC. imbuingD. undermining6. If a species of parasite is to survive, the host organisms must live long enough for the parasite to ______; if the host species becomes ______, so do its parasites.A. reproduce…extinctB. atrophy… healthyC. succumb… nonviableD. mate… infertile7. Those who fear the influence of television deliberately ______ its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated.A. promoteB. underplayC. laudD. suspect8. High software prices are frequently said to ______ widespread illegal copying, although the opposite—that high prices are the cause of the copying— is equally plausible.A. contribute toB. result fromC. correlate withD. explain9. She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that ______.A. he catches coldB. he should catch coldC. he caught coldD. he be catching cold10. A computer program can provide information in ways that force students to ______ learning instead of being merely ______ of knowledge.A. accede to…recipientsB. participate in…recipientsC. profit from…beneficiariesD. compensate for…custodians11. Authorities are mounting a campaign to combat an alarming rise in juvenile _____ and drug taking.A. delinquencyB. mistakeC. evilD. crime12. It is very discourteous to be _____ during someone's conversation.A. in the wayB. in a wayC. leading the wayD. giving way13. Australians launched into a shopping spree to ____ the country's economic excess.A. oppressB. curbC. disturbD. lay down14. Only a _____ of these huge stocks need to go missing to cause havoc.A. pieceB. fragmentC. fractionD. fracture15. The outward ________ may increase as anti-immigrant fever spreads in the United States.A. departureB. exodusC. contagionD. fade16. Sales of personal computers are _____ on both sides of the Atlantic.They have become one of the hottest-selling consumer electronics items.A. plumpingB. buoyantC. sluggishD. feeble17. The consumer felt ___ in asking for $10,000 compensation for two months without getting a reliable television.A. hypocriticalB. meticulousC. justifiedD. satisfied18. His employers could not complain about his work because he was _______ in the performance of his duties.A. derelictB. penetratingC. diversifiedD. assiduous19. The body and mind are _____ interwoven in all of us; they cannot be separated.A. inaptlyB. inextricablyC. inaccuratelyD. inadequately20. As the sky darkened it soon became obvious that a violent thunderstorm was _____.A. immediateB. eminentC. imminentD. instantaneous21. If you are hard-up, you are _____.A. callousB. short of moneyC. quick-temperedD. harsh22. Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news maycreate a great _____.A. explosionB. sensationC. exaggerationD. stimulation23. He is holding a ______ position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.A. subordinateB. succeedingC. successiveD. subsequent24. Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion, ____ the $160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.A. in proportion toB. in reply toC. in relation toD. in contrast to25. I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice was quite _____.A. arbitraryB. rationalC. mechanicalD. unpredictable26. Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished the _____ tale.A. perpetualB. vigorousC. ultimateD. pathetic27. They could not go to the theater together because his free time never _____ with hers.A. collideB. complyC. coincideD. cope28. At first my friend refused to fall in with scheme we had suggested, buteventually I managed to _____.A. speak him aroundB. show him aroundC. come him aroundD. talk him around29. As the tide _____ from the shore, we were able to look for shells.A. precededB. proceededC. accededD. receded30. That part of the town is completely _____ of interest for visitors. There is no scenery at all.A. suspiciousB. demonstrativeC. voidD. irrespective31. It’s very d ifficult to ____ the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language.A. exchangeB. transferC. conveyD. convert32. According to what you have just said, am I to understand that his new post _____ no responsibility with it at all?A. shouldersB. possessesC. carriesD. shares33. Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of _____ every business operation in the whole country.A. practicallyB. preferablyC. preciselyD. presumably34. He is planning another tour abroad, yet his passport will _____ at the end of this month.A. expireB. exceedC. terminateD. cease35. The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not _____ their prospect of promotion.A. spurB. furtherC. induceD. reinforce36. The museum had _____ copies for the original manuscripts to save wear and tear on the latter.A. tackledB. substitutedC. tickledD. testified37. How does it _____ that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary?A. come toB. come aroundC. come aboutD. come through38. The amateur team was _____ from the contest in the first round.A. detachedB. excusedC. distractedD. eliminated39. He was usually very kind so that his sudden _____ greatly surprised us.A. heartinessB. unhappinessC. harshnessD. uprightness40. I don't _____ disco. It's much too noisy for my taste.A. go forB. go byC. go upD. go offSection B: Proofreading and Error Correction (每小题1分,共10小题,共10分)When some nineteenth century New Yorkers said “Harlem”,they meant almost all of Manhattan above Eighty-sixth Street.Toward the end of the century, however, a groupof citizens in upper Manhattan-want perhaps, to shape a closer 41. ________and more precise sense of community—designated a section thatthey wished to have known as Harlem. The chosen area was theHarlem which Blacks were moving in the first decades of the 42 ._______new century as they left their old settlements on the middle andlower blocks of the West Side.As the community became predominantly Black, the veryword“Harlem” seemed to lose its old meaning. At time it was 43._ ______easy to forget that “Harlem” was originally the Dutch name “Harlem”; the community it described had been founded by44._______people from Holland;and that for most of its three centuries—itwas first settled in the sixteen hundreds—it had been preoccupied 45._ ______by White New Yorkers. “Harlem”became synonymous to 46._______Black life and Black style in Manhattan. Blacks living thereused the word as though they had coined it on themselves—not47._______only to designate their area of residence but to express theirsense of the various qualities of its life and atmosphere. As theyears passed, “Harlem”asserted an even larger meaning. In 48. _______the words of Adam Clayton Powell, Sr., the pastor of theAbyssinian Baptist Church, Harlem “became the symbol of libertyand the Promised Land to Negroes everywhere”.By 1919 Harlem’s population had grown by several thousand.It had received its share of wartime migration from the South,the Caribbean, and parts of colonial Africa. Some of thenew arrivals merely lived for Harlem; it was New York they had 49. _______come to, looking for jobs and for all the other legendary opportunitiesof life in the city. To others who migrated to Harlem, NewYork was merely the city in which they found themselves:Harlem was exactly what they wished to be.50._______Part III. Reading Comprehension (每小题2分,两部分共20小题,共40分)Section ADirections: In the section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The history of the development of modern sport is the history of the development of industrial capitalism. There is, of course, documented evidence of ball games, racket games and athletic games that date well before industrial capitalism. However they are unrecognizable from today’s sports. Take, for example, football and rugby, derivatives of folk football, where a game would continue for days, with no boundaries expect the edge of the village, or the edge of the next village. People would throw or kick the ball, it was mixed, and there was no offside rule, no 90 minutes, and really no discernible winners. The Olympics are always claimed as having their roots in the athletic culture of ancient Greek society. Yet their origins were about military training in a far from equal society at the end of the 19th century and these were games which relatively few people would watch. The Olympics were revived with the emergence of international trade. The first hour modern Olympics were held in conjunction with trade fairs.It is common to talk of sport as a neutral medium which transcends politics. The popular notion is that while everything else in the world is dirtied by politics and inequality, sport itself operates on a different set of rules. Performance-enhancing drugs in sport have created huge press hysteria, in the main because sports stars are often thought of as moral guardians, but also because it undoes one of the foundation stones of sport-the notion of fair play. Jim Firstle, a freelance sports journalist, notes that drugs have always been used in sport, long before technology and money were involved. In athletics there is an unwritten and unconfirmed notion that everyone is doing it. The key thing is not to get caught. Firstle reports that Dr. Don Caitlin, who runs the International Olympic Committee accredited drug testing laboratory in Los Angeles, likened the situation to attempts between the Cold War superpowers to negotiate nuclear non-proliferation treaties. One side would only crack down and get tough on its drug cheats if the other country did the same. To bust one’s drug cheats without the gesture being reciprocated put the anti-doping nation at a competitive disadvantage. The idea that there is fair competition in sport is as unlikely as the idea of fair competition in capitalism.51. Modern sport is ____________ from ancient sport although some forms of ancient sport existed and developed much earlier than industrial capitalism.52. According to the author, what made modern Olympics resume its prosperity ?53. Sport is usually considered to have the ability to transcend politics because it itself _________.54. What has the use of performance-enhancing drugs destroyed based on the passage?55. Anti-doping nation would be at a competitive disadvantage if other nations failed to ________.Section BDirections: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.For nearly half of my professional career, I was wrong about how to help students achieve. I had the wrong focus, made inaccurate assumptions, used faulty logic, and came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement. Although a high percentage ofstudents persisted in and graduated from the programs in which I worked, they seldom became top achievers.Here is where and how I went wrong. I designed procedures to identify the students who were least prepared so that we could build programs and services that would help more students achieve. I assumed that there were certain levels of preparation that students needed in order to succeed; that if students met or exceeded these preparation levels, everything would take care of itself ; that if students were prepared and met the expectations of their professors, then the normal courses of study and interactions with faculty would be sufficient to help students accomplish their goals.Believing that student success depended on acquiring certain skills and knowledge, I used a combination of standardized tests, institutionally developed instruments, and interview procedures to get a clear picture of whether each student was prepared or underprepared. This was good practice in many ways, but I eventually came to see that I had structured my practice with the tenets of the Deficit Remediation Educational Model, which has been predominant in education for decades and remains the most prevalent approach in use day. This model assumes that the first and m ost important thing to do is to “fix” the student. Programs and services based on this model are dedicated to helping students achieve by first diagnosing student needs , problems, ignorance, concerns, defects, anddeficits. Those who use the Deficit Remediation Educational Model have the challenge of designing classes, workshops, programs, and services to help students improve in areas in which they are underprepared. Based on the diagnosis, participation in remedial programs and services is often required. Students are usually prevented from pursuing other areas of study and from pursuing their interests until their “deficits” have been removed and their “problems” have been overcome. Typically, if students are unable to overcome their deficiencies by an established date, they are dismissed or told that they aren’t college material.What would happen if we turned our traditional retention effort on its head? If we developed programs that helped students assess their strengths and then apply those strengths to their studies? Of course, we would still assist students in improving their ability to write well or to master mathematics or to read their political science text more efficiently and critically, but all this would be in the context of helping them identify, further develop, and apply what they can already do well. In my experience, this approach is tremendously motivating, contributes to a sense of agency, and helps young people stay in college.56.What proved that nearly hal f of the author’s professional career was a mistake ?A)Few of the participants in his training programs made greatachievements.B)Few of the participants in his training programs graduated from the courses.C)The author made inaccurate assumptions about how to increase student achievement.D)The author came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement.57.Which of the following was the author’s wrong focus when he attempted to help students achieve ?A)He tired to make everything take care of itself.B)He tried to recognize those underprepared students.C)He organized sufficient interactions between students and faculty.D)He helped the prepared students meet their professors’ faulty expectations.58.What will be th e most likely outcome of the author’s faulty achievement training projects ?A)Not only their students’ weakness but also their strengths will be identified.B)Most of the training programs will focus on the strengths of their students.C)Many students become frustrated and disillusioned as a result of it.D)More students will stay in college in spite of their lack of ability.59.Which word or expression is closest in meaning to “deficits” in Para. 3 ?A)Diagnosis. B)Deficiencies.C)College material. D)Skills and knowledge.60.How does the author like the approach of assessing students’ strengths and then applying them to their studies ?A)It will assist students in improving their ability to study some courses.B)It will tremendously motivate students to manage their weaknesses.C)It will seriously discourage students of their further study in college.D)It will positively improve student achievement with encouragement.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Freshwater life itself has never come easy in the Middle East. Ever since The Old Testament, God punished man with 40 days and 40 nights ofrain. Water supplies here have been dwindling. The rainfall only comes in winter and drains quickly through the semiarid land, leaving the soil to bake and to thirst for next November.The region's accelerating population, expanding agriculture, industrialization, and higher living standards demand more freshwater. Drought and pollution limit its a availability. War and mismanagement waste it. Said Joyce Starr of the Global Water Summit Initiative, based in Washington, D.C. “Nations like Israel and Jordan are swiftly sliding into that zone where they are suing all the water resources available to them. They have only 15 to 20 years left before their agriculture, and ultimately their f ood security, is threatened.”I came here to examine this crisis in the making, to investigate fears that “water wars”are imminent, that water has replaced oil as the region's most contentious commodity. For more than two months I traveled through three river valleys and seven nations—from southern Turkey down the Euphrates River to Syria, Iraq, and on to Kuwait; to Israel and Jordan, neighbors across the valley of the Jordan; to the timeless Egyptian Nile.Even amid the scarcity there are haves and have-nots. compared with the United States, which in 1990 had freshwater potential of 10,000 cubic meters (2.6 million gallons) a year for each citizen, Iraq had 5,500, Turkey had 4,000, and Syria had more than 2,800. Egypt's potential was only1,100. Israel had 460. Jordan had a meager 260. But these are not firm figures, because upstream use of river water can dramatically alter the potential downstream.Scarcity is only one element of the crisis. Inefficiency is another, as is the reluctance of some water-poor nations to change priorities from agriculture to less water-intensive enterprises. Some experts suggest that if nations would share both water technology and resources, they could satisfy the region's population, currently 159 million. But in this patchwork of ethnic and religious rivalries, water seldom stands alone as an issue. It is entangled in the politics that keep people from trusting and seeking help from one another. Here, where water, like truth, is precious, each nation tends to find its own water and supply its own truth.As Israeli hydrology professor Uri Shamir told me: “If there is political will for peace, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will not be a hindrance. If you want reasons to fight, water will give you ample opportuniti es.”61. Why does the author use the phrase “for next November”(underlined, Para. 1)?A) According to the Old Testament freshwater is available only in November.B) Rainfall comes only in winter starting from November.C) Running water systems will not be ready until next November.D) It is a custom in that region that irrigation to crops is done only in November.62. What is NOT the cause for the imminent water war?A) Lack of water resources. B) Lack of rainfall.C) Inefficient use of water. D) Water has replaced oil.63. One way for the region to use water efficiently is to ________.A) develop other enterprises that cost less waterB) draw a plan of irrigation for the various nationsC) import water from water-rich nationsD) stop wars of any sort for good and all64. Uri Shamir's viewpoint is that ________.A) nations in that region are just fighting for waterB) people there are thirsty for peace instead of waterC) water is no problem as long as there is peaceD) those nations have every reason to fight for water65. The author's tone in the article can be described as ________.A) depressing B) urgentC) joking D) mockingPassage ThreeQuestions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.There he was America's first President with a MBA, the man who loves to boast about his business background, whose presidential campaign raised unprecedented sums from corporate wallets and whose cabinet is stuffed with chief executives. Faith in the integrity of American business leaders was being undermined, George Bush said fiercely, by executives “br eaching trust and abusing power”. It was time for “a new ethic of personal responsib ility in the business community”. He was going to “end the days of cooking the books, shading the truth and breaking our laws”.Only months ago, the idea that George W Bush would publicly lambaste America's cooperate bosses was laughable. As a candidate, born on the wave of a decade-long economic boom and an unprecedented 18-year bull market, he cashed in on American's love affair with corporate success. But things are different now. The stock market bubble has burst and, despite signs of economic recovery. Wall Street seems to be sunk in gloom. A string of scandals at some of America's most high-flying firms---including Enron, Xerox. Tyco, Global Crossing and most recently, World Com--has radically changed the public mood.As political pressure for reform increases, so too does the heat on Mr.Bush. Is the businessman's president really prepared to take business on and push hard for reform? Despite the set jaw and aggrieved tone in New York. Probably not. Mr. Bush thinks the current crisis stems from a few bad-apple chief executives rather than the system as a whole. Hence he focuses on tough penalties for corrupt businessmen and his plea for higher ethical standards. The president announced the creation of a financial-crimes SWAT team, at the Justice Department to root out corporate fraud, and wants to double the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud from five to ten years. But he offered few concrete suggestions for systemic reform: little mention of changes to strengthen shareholders' rights, not even an endorsement of the Senate corporate-reform bill.There are few signs yet that cleaning up corporate America is an issue that animates the voters. Polls show that Americans have little faith in their business leaders, but politicians do not seem to be suffering as a result. Mr. Bush's approval ratings have fallen from their sky-highs, but they are still very strong.The president, therefore, need do no more than talk tough. This alone will convince ordinary Americans that he is on top of the issue. As the economy rebounds and public outage subsides, the clamor for change will be quieter. Democratic attacks will fizzle, and far-reaching reform bills will be watered down before they become law. Politically, the gamblemakes sense. Unfortunately for American capitalism, a great opportunity will be missed.66. We can infer from the third paragraph that Mr. Bush______.A) didn't intend to take business on and push hard for reformB) did not do anything at all for the presence of the current situationC) took shareholders' right into account, but he didn't approve reform billD) took some measures to pave the way for the reform67. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A) Bush had to offer concrete suggestions for reform as political pressure increaseB) At present, the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud is five yearC) It is laughable that M Bush publicly attacked America's corporate bossesD) Americans have little faith in their business as well as political leaders68. Which of the following statements about Mr. Bush is mentionedin this passage?A) M Bush is the second President with an MBA in American historyB) M Bush contributes a lot to decade-long economic boomC) M Bush's approval ratings are still highD) M Bush didn't get support in his presidential campaign69. The author's attitude towards the reform is______.A) indifferentB) optimisticC) skepticalD) favorable70. The phrase “a great opportunity” mentioned in the last paragraph refers to an opportunity to______.A) carry out reformB) boom economyC) animate the votersD) attack chief executivePart III. Writing (两部分,共30分)Section A (共10分)Direction: Read the following ad carefully, and you, by name of WangPeng, are then asked to write a letter to apply for the job. Remember to send your letter to the company as given in the ad. You should write about at least 150 words.中国四达国际经济技术合作公司(CSCIETC)诚聘文秘一员,要求如下:年龄20—30岁,大专以上学历流利的英语听说读写能力熟练的计算机操作能力良好的沟通和协调能力有外企工作经验者优先应聘者请将简历、联系方式以及待遇要求寄至:上海市淮海中路8560号揽盛大厦人力资源部收。
广西民族大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试初试自命题科目试题Part I.Basic English Knowledge(共两部分,共30分)Section A:Multiple-choice(每小题0.5分,共40小题,共20分)Directions:There are forty multiple-choice questions in this section.Choose the best answer to each question.Mark your answers on the answer sheet.1.Outside my office window there is a fire____on the right.A.escapedderC.stepsD.stairs2.The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the______in which they develop: for example,leaves display a wide range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture.A.speciesB.sequenceC.patternsD.environment3.The best known of all the Arctic birds,______.A.birdwatchers favor ptarmigansB.being ptarmigans'and birdwatchers'favoritesC.favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchersD.ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers4.The children’s______natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their parents.A.introvertedB.blitheC.phlegmaticD.mercurial5.By______scientific rigor with a quantitative approach,researchers in the social sciences may often have broadened their scope to those narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitative methods.A.equatingB.vitiatingC.imbuingD.undermining6.If a species of parasite is to survive,the host organisms must live long enough for the parasite to______;if the host species becomes______,so do its parasites.A.reproduce…extinctB.atrophy…healthyC.succumb…nonviableD.mate…infertile7.Those who fear the influence of television deliberately______its persuasive power, hoping that they might keep knowledge of its potential to effect social change from being widely disseminated.A.promoteB.underplayudD.suspect8.High software prices are frequently said to______widespread illegal copying,although the opposite—that high prices are the cause of the copying—is equally plausible.A.contribute toB.result fromC.correlate withD.explain9.She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear that______.A.he catches coldB.he should catch coldC.he caught coldD.he be catching cold10.A computer program can provide information in ways that force students to______learning instead of being merely______of knowledge.A.accede to…recipientsB.participate in…recipientsC.profit from…beneficiariespensate for…custodians11.Authorities are mounting a campaign to combat an alarming rise in juvenile_____and drug taking.A.delinquencyB.mistakeC.evilD.crime12.It is very discourteous to be_____during someone's conversation.A.in the wayB.in a wayC.leading the wayD.giving way13.Australians launched into a shopping spree to____the country's economic excess.A.oppressB.curbC.disturby down14.Only a_____of these huge stocks need to go missing to cause havoc.A.pieceB.fragmentC.fractionD.fracture15.The outward________may increase as anti-immigrant fever spreads in the United States.A.departureB.exodusC.contagionD.fade16.Sales of personal computers are_____on both sides of the Atlantic.They have become one of the hottest-selling consumer electronics items.A.plumpingB.buoyantC.sluggishD.feeble17.The consumer felt___in asking for$10,000compensation for two months without gettinga reliable television.A.hypocriticalB.meticulousC.justifiedD.satisfied18.His employers could not complain about his work because he was_______in the performance of his duties.A.derelictB.penetratingC.diversifiedD.assiduous19.The body and mind are_____interwoven in all of us;they cannot be separated.A.inaptlyB.inextricablyC.inaccuratelyD.inadequately20.As the sky darkened it soon became obvious that a violent thunderstorm was_____.A.immediateB.eminentC.imminentD.instantaneous21.If you are hard-up,you are_____.A.callousB.short of moneyC.quick-temperedD.harsh22.Some journalists often overstate the situation so that their news may create a great _____.A.explosionB.sensationC.exaggerationD.stimulation23.He is holding a______position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.A.subordinateB.succeedingC.successiveD.subsequent24.Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around$110billion,____the$160billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.A.in proportion toB.in reply toC.in relation toD.in contrast to25.I was unaware of the critical points involved,so my choice was quite_____.A.arbitraryB.rationalC.mechanicalD.unpredictable26.Everyone in the auditorium was weeping by the time he finished the_____tale.A.perpetualB.vigorousC.ultimateD.pathetic27.They could not go to the theater together because his free time never_____with hers.A.collideplyC.coincideD.cope28.At first my friend refused to fall in with scheme we had suggested,but eventually I managed to_____.A.speak him aroundB.show him arounde him aroundD.talk him around29.As the tide_____from the shore,we were able to look for shells.A.precededB.proceededC.accededD.receded30.That part of the town is completely_____of interest for visitors.There is no scenery at all.A.suspiciousB.demonstrativeC.voidD.irrespective31.It’s very difficult to____the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language.A.exchangeB.transferC.conveyD.convert32.According to what you have just said,am I to understand that his new post_____no responsibility with it at all?A.shouldersB.possessesC.carriesD.shares33.Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of_____every business operation in the whole country.A.practicallyB.preferablyC.preciselyD.presumably34.He is planning another tour abroad,yet his passport will_____at the end of this month.A.expireB.exceedC.terminateD.cease35.The pursuit of leisure on the part of the employees will certainly not_____their prospect of promotion.A.spurB.furtherC.induceD.reinforce36.The museum had_____copies for the original manuscripts to save wear and tear on the latter.A.tackledB.substitutedC.tickledD.testified37.How does it_____that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary?e toe arounde aboute through38.The amateur team was_____from the contest in the first round.A.detachedB.excusedC.distractedD.eliminated39.He was usually very kind so that his sudden_____greatly surprised us.A.heartinessB.unhappinessC.harshnessD.uprightness40.I don't_____disco.It's much too noisy for my taste.A.go forB.go byC.go upD.go offSection B:Proofreading and Error Correction(每小题1分,共10小题,共10分)When some nineteenth century New Yorkers said“Harlem”,they meant almost all of Manhattan above Eighty-sixth Street.Toward the end of the century,however,a groupof citizens in upper Manhattan-want perhaps,to shape a closer41.________and more precise sense of community—designated a section thatthey wished to have known as Harlem.The chosen area was theHarlem which Blacks were moving in the first decades of the42._______new century as they left their old settlements on the middle andlower blocks of the West Side.As the community became predominantly Black,the veryword“Harlem”seemed to lose its old meaning.At time it was43._______easy to forget that“Harlem”was originally the Dutch name“Harlem”;the community it described had been founded by44._______people from Holland;and that for most of its three centuries—itwas first settled in the sixteen hundreds—it had been preoccupied45._______by White New Yorkers.“Harlem”became synonymous to46._______Black life and Black style in Manhattan.Blacks living thereused the word as though they had coined it on themselves—not47._______only to designate their area of residence but to express theirsense of the various qualities of its life and atmosphere.As theyears passed,“Harlem”asserted an even larger meaning.In48._______the words of Adam Clayton Powell,Sr.,the pastor of theAbyssinian Baptist Church,Harlem“became the symbol of libertyand the Promised Land to Negroes everywhere”.By1919Harlem’s population had grown by several thousand.It had received its share of wartime migration from the South,the Caribbean,and parts of colonial Africa.Some of thenew arrivals merely lived for Harlem;it was New York they had49._______come to,looking for jobs and for all the other legendary opportunitiesof life in the city.To others who migrated to Harlem,NewYork was merely the city in which they found themselves:Harlem was exactly what they wished to be.50._______Part III.Reading Comprehension(每小题2分,两部分共20小题,共40分)Section ADirections:In the section,there is a short passage with5questions or incomplete statements.Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions51to55are based on the following passage.The history of the development of modern sport is the history of the development of industrial capitalism.There is,of course,documented evidence of ball games,racket games and athletic games that date well before industrial capitalism.However they are unrecognizable from today’s sports.Take,for example,football and rugby,derivatives of folk football,where a game would continue for days,with no boundaries expect the edge of the village,or the edge of the next village.People would throw or kick the ball,it was mixed,and there was no offside rule,no90minutes,and really no discernible winners. The Olympics are always claimed as having their roots in the athletic culture of ancient Greek society.Yet their origins were about military training in a far from equal society at the end of the19th century and these were games which relatively few people would watch. The Olympics were revived with the emergence of international trade.The first hour modern Olympics were held in conjunction with trade fairs.It is common to talk of sport as a neutral medium which transcends politics.The popular notion is that while everything else in the world is dirtied by politics and inequality, sport itself operates on a different set of rules.Performance-enhancing drugs in sport have created huge press hysteria,in the main because sports stars are often thought of as moral guardians,but also because it undoes one of the foundation stones of sport-the notion of fair play.Jim Firstle,a freelance sports journalist,notes that drugs have always been used in sport,long before technology and money were involved.In athletics there is an unwritten and unconfirmed notion that everyone is doing it.The key thing is not to get caught.Firstle reports that Dr.Don Caitlin,who runs the International Olympic Committee accredited drug testing laboratory in Los Angeles,likened the situation to attempts between the Cold War superpowers to negotiate nuclear non-proliferation treaties.One side would only crack down and get tough on its drug cheats if the other country did the same.To bust one’s drug cheats without the gesture being reciprocated put the anti-doping nation at a competitive disadvantage.The idea that there is fair competition in sport is as unlikely as the idea of fair competition in capitalism.51.Modern sport is____________from ancient sport although some forms of ancient sport existed and developed much earlier than industrial capitalism.52.According to the author,what made modern Olympics resume its prosperity?53.Sport is usually considered to have the ability to transcend politics because it itself_________.54.What has the use of performance-enhancing drugs destroyed based on the passage?55.Anti-doping nation would be at a competitive disadvantage if other nations failed to________.Section BDirections:There are3passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions56to60are based on the following passage.For nearly half of my professional career,I was wrong about how to help students achieve.I had the wrong focus,made inaccurate assumptions,used faulty logic,and came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement.Although a high percentage of students persisted in and graduated from the programs in which I worked,they seldom became top achievers.Here is where and how I went wrong.I designed procedures to identify the students who were least prepared so that we could build programs and services that would help more students achieve.I assumed that there were certain levels of preparation that students needed in order to succeed;that if students met or exceeded these preparation levels, everything would take care of itself;that if students were prepared and met the expectations of their professors,then the normal courses of study and interactions with faculty would be sufficient to help students accomplish their goals.Believing that student success depended on acquiring certain skills and knowledge,I used a combination of standardized tests,institutionally developed instruments,and interview procedures to get a clear picture of whether each student was prepared or underprepared.This was good practice in many ways,but I eventually came to see that I had structured my practice with the tenets of the Deficit Remediation Educational Model, which has been predominant in education for decades and remains the most prevalent approach in use day.This model assumes that the first and most important thing to do is to“fix”the student.Programs and services based on this model are dedicated to helping students achieve by first diagnosing student needs,problems,ignorance,concerns,defects,and deficits.Those who use the Deficit Remediation Educational Model have the challenge of designing classes,workshops,programs,and services to help students improve in areas in which they are underprepared.Based on the diagnosis,participation in remedial programs and services is often required.Students are usually prevented from pursuing other areas of study and from pursuing their interests until their“deficits”have been removed and their“problems”have been overcome.Typically,if students are unable to overcome their deficiencies by an established date,they are dismissed or told that they aren’t college material.What would happen if we turned our traditional retention effort on its head?If we developed programs that helped students assess their strengths and then apply those strengths to their studies?Of course,we would still assist students in improving their ability to write well or to master mathematics or to read their political science text more efficiently and critically,but all this would be in the context of helping them identify, further develop,and apply what they can already do well.In my experience,this approach is tremendously motivating,contributes to a sense of agency,and helps young people stay in college.56.What proved that nearly half of the author’s professional career was a mistake?A)Few of the participants in his training programs made great achievements.B)Few of the participants in his training programs graduated from the courses.C)The author made inaccurate assumptions about how to increase student achievement.D)The author came to the wrong conclusions about how to increase student achievement.57.Which of the following was the author’s wrong focus when he attempted to help students achieve?A)He tired to make everything take care of itself.B)He tried to recognize those underprepared students.C)He organized sufficient interactions between students and faculty.D)He helped the prepared students meet their professors’faulty expectations.58.What will be the most likely outcome of the author’s faulty achievement training projects?A)Not only their students’weakness but also their strengths will be identified.B)Most of the training programs will focus on the strengths of their students.C)Many students become frustrated and disillusioned as a result of it.D)More students will stay in college in spite of their lack of ability.59.Which word or expression is closest in meaning to“deficits”in Para.3?A)Diagnosis.B)Deficiencies.C)College material.D)Skills and knowledge.60.How does the author like the approach of assessing students’strengths and then applying them to their studies?A)It will assist students in improving their ability to study some courses.B)It will tremendously motivate students to manage their weaknesses.C)It will seriously discourage students of their further study in college.D)It will positively improve student achievement with encouragement.Passage TwoQuestions61to65are based on the following passage.Freshwater life itself has never come easy in the Middle East.Ever since The Old Testament,God punished man with40days and40nights of rain.Water supplies here have been dwindling.The rainfall only comes in winter and drains quickly through the semiarid land,leaving the soil to bake and to thirst for next November.The region's accelerating population,expanding agriculture,industrialization,and higher living standards demand more freshwater.Drought and pollution limit its a availability.War and mismanagement waste it.Said Joyce Starr of the Global Water Summit Initiative,based in Washington,D.C.“Nations like Israel and Jordan are swiftly sliding into that zone where they are suing all the water resources available to them.They have only15to20years left before their agriculture,and ultimately their food security,is threatened.”I came here to examine this crisis in the making,to investigate fears that“water wars”are imminent,that water has replaced oil as the region's most contentious commodity. For more than two months I traveled through three river valleys and seven nations—from southern Turkey down the Euphrates River to Syria,Iraq,and on to Kuwait;to Israel and Jordan,neighbors across the valley of the Jordan;to the timeless Egyptian Nile.Even amid the scarcity there are haves and pared with the United States, which in1990had freshwater potential of10,000cubic meters(2.6million gallons)a year for each citizen,Iraq had5,500,Turkey had4,000,and Syria had more than2,800.Egypt's potential was only1,100.Israel had460.Jordan had a meager260.But these are not firm figures,because upstream use of river water can dramatically alter the potential downstream.Scarcity is only one element of the crisis.Inefficiency is another,as is the reluctance of some water-poor nations to change priorities from agriculture to less water-intensive enterprises.Some experts suggest that if nations would share both water technology and resources,they could satisfy the region's population,currently159million.But in this patchwork of ethnic and religious rivalries,water seldom stands alone as an issue.It is entangled in the politics that keep people from trusting and seeking help from one another. Here,where water,like truth,is precious,each nation tends to find its own water and supply its own truth.As Israeli hydrology professor Uri Shamir told me:“If there is political will for peace,water will not be a hindrance.If you want reasons to fight,water will not be a hindrance.If you want reasons to fight,water will give you ample opportunities.”61.Why does the author use the phrase“for next November”(underlined,Para.1)?A)According to the Old Testament freshwater is available only in November.B)Rainfall comes only in winter starting from November.C)Running water systems will not be ready until next November.D)It is a custom in that region that irrigation to crops is done only in November.62.What is NOT the cause for the imminent water war?A)Lack of water resources.B)Lack of rainfall.C)Inefficient use of water.D)Water has replaced oil.63.One way for the region to use water efficiently is to________.A)develop other enterprises that cost less waterB)draw a plan of irrigation for the various nationsC)import water from water-rich nationsD)stop wars of any sort for good and all64.Uri Shamir's viewpoint is that________.A)nations in that region are just fighting for waterB)people there are thirsty for peace instead of waterC)water is no problem as long as there is peaceD)those nations have every reason to fight for water65.The author's tone in the article can be described as________.A)depressing B)urgentC)joking D)mockingPassage ThreeQuestions66to70are based on the following passage.There he was America's first President with a MBA,the man who loves to boast about his business background,whose presidential campaign raised unprecedented sums from corporate wallets and whose cabinet is stuffed with chief executives.Faith in the integrity of American business leaders was being undermined,George Bush said fiercely,by executives “breaching trust and abusing power”.It was time for“a new ethic of personal responsibility in the business community”.He was going to“end the days of cooking the books,shading the truth and breaking our laws”.Only months ago,the idea that George W Bush would publicly lambaste America's cooperate bosses was laughable.As a candidate,born on the wave of a decade-long economic boom and an unprecedented18-year bull market,he cashed in on American's love affair with corporate success.But things are different now.The stock market bubble has burst and,despite signs of economic recovery.Wall Street seems to be sunk in gloom.A string of scandals at someof America's most high-flying firms---including Enron,Xerox.Tyco,Global Crossing and most recently,World Com--has radically changed the public mood.As political pressure for reform increases,so too does the heat on Mr.Bush.Is the businessman's president really prepared to take business on and push hard for reform? Despite the set jaw and aggrieved tone in New York.Probably not.Mr.Bush thinks the current crisis stems from a few bad-apple chief executives rather than the system as a whole.Hence he focuses on tough penalties for corrupt businessmen and his plea for higher ethical standards.The president announced the creation of a financial-crimes SWAT team,at the Justice Department to root out corporate fraud,and wants to double the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud from five to ten years.But he offered few concrete suggestions for systemic reform:little mention of changes to strengthen shareholders'rights,not even an endorsement of the Senate corporate-reform bill.There are few signs yet that cleaning up corporate America is an issue that animates the voters.Polls show that Americans have little faith in their business leaders,but politicians do not seem to be suffering as a result.Mr.Bush's approval ratings have fallen from their sky-highs,but they are still very strong.The president,therefore,need do no more than talk tough.This alone will convince ordinary Americans that he is on top of the issue.As the economy rebounds and public outage subsides,the clamor for change will be quieter.Democratic attacks will fizzle,and far-reaching reform bills will be watered down before they become law.Politically,the gamble makes sense.Unfortunately for American capitalism,a great opportunity will be missed.66.We can infer from the third paragraph that Mr.Bush______.A)didn't intend to take business on and push hard for reformB)did not do anything at all for the presence of the current situationC)took shareholders'right into account,but he didn't approve reform billD)took some measures to pave the way for the reform67.According to the passage,which of the following statements is TRUE?A)Bush had to offer concrete suggestions for reform as political pressure increaseB)At present,the maximum prison sentence for financial fraud is five yearC)It is laughable that M Bush publicly attacked America's corporate bossesD)Americans have little faith in their business as well as political leaders68.Which of the following statements about Mr.Bush is mentioned in this passage?A)M Bush is the second President with an MBA in American historyB)M Bush contributes a lot to decade-long economic boomC)M Bush's approval ratings are still highD)M Bush didn't get support in his presidential campaign69.The author's attitude towards the reform is______.A)indifferent B)optimisticC)skeptical D)favorable70.The phrase“a great opportunity”mentioned in the last paragraph refers to an opportunity to______.A)carry out reformB)boom economyC)animate the votersD)attack chief executivePart III.Writing(两部分,共30分)Section A(共10分)Direction:Read the following ad carefully,and you,by name of Wang Peng,are then asked to write a letter to apply for the job.Remember to send your letter to the company as given in the ad.You should write about at least150words.中国四达国际经济技术合作公司(CSCIETC)诚聘文秘一员,要求如下:年龄20—30岁,大专以上学历流利的英语听说读写能力熟练的计算机操作能力良好的沟通和协调能力有外企工作经验者优先应聘者请将简历、联系方式以及待遇要求寄至:上海市淮海中路8560号揽盛大厦人力资源部收。
2014年广西民族大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解Part Ⅰ. Terminology and Phrase Translation (30%)Section A. Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into Chinese (15 points).1. tertiary education【答案】高等教育2. lead pollution【答案】铅污染3. interim government【答案】临时政府;过渡政府4. road rage【答案】路怒症5. screen sightedness【答案】屏幕近视6. homedebtor【答案】身背巨额房贷的人7. E-acquaintance【答案】网络熟人8. budget husband【答案】经济适用男9. top-notch talent【答案】拔尖人才10. May-December romance 【答案】忘年恋11. smartphone nanny【答案】手机保姆12. core competitiveness 【答案】核心竞争力13. global economic slump 【答案】全球经济衰退14. military confrontation【答案】军事对峙15. A lazy youth, a lousy age.【答案】少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。
Section B. Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into English (15 points).1. 变相涨价【答案】disguised inflation2. 财政年度【答案】financial year3. 中国式过马路【答案】Chinese style of crossing roads4. 世界末日【答案】the end of the world5. 独家代理【答案】exclusive agency6. 坚挺货币【答案】strong currency7. 温室效应【答案】greenhouse effect8. 观望态度【答案】wait-and-see attitude9. 吃货【答案】foodie10. 母乳喂养【答案】breast feeding11. 建设小康社会【答案】constructing a well-off society12. 效率优先,兼顾公平【答案】give priority to efficiency with due consideration to fairness13. 网络推手【答案】Internet marketer14. 好了伤疤忘了疼【答案】once on shore one prays no more15. 入境旅游【答案】inbound tourismPart Ⅱ. Passage Translation (120%)1. Translate the following into Chinese (60 points).As regards health, I have nothing useful to say since I have little experience of illness. I eat and drink whatever I like, and sleep when I cannot keep awake. I never do anything whatever on the ground that it is good for health, though in actual fact the things I like doing are mostly wholesome.Psychologically there are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days or in sadness about friends who are dead. One’s thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done. This is not always easy; one’s own past is a gradually increasing weight. It is easy to think to oneself that one’s emotions used to be more vivid than they are,and one’s mind more keen. If this is true it should be forgotten, and if it is forgotten it will probably not be true.The other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are unusually callous. I do not mean that one should be without interest in them, but one’s interest should be contemplative and, if possible philanthropic, but not unduly emotional. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.I think that a successful old age is easier for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities.【参考译文】至于健康,由于我这一生几乎从未患过病,也就没有什么有益的忠告。
2020年硕士研究生招生考试试题
【B】卷
科目代码及名称:357 英语翻译基础
考生须知
1.答案须写在答题纸密封线内,写在试卷、草稿纸等均无效。
2.答题时一律使用蓝或黑色钢笔、签字笔书写。
3.交卷时,请本人将试卷、答题纸放入试题袋内,密封后在封条与试卷袋骑缝处亲笔签名。
Part I Terminology and Phrase Translation (30%)
1. Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into Chinese (15 points).
(1) zero tolerance
(2) blackball
(3) columnist
(4) academic misconduct
(5) backup driver
(6) CFO
(7) EQ
(8) GNP
(9) FIBA
(10) a Pandora’s Box
(11) a Solomon
(12) a Don Quixote
(13) a Judas
(14) an Odyssey
(15) Adam’s apple
2.Translate the following terms, phrases or acronyms into English (15 points).
(1)多边贸易体制
(2)农村人居环境
(3)互联网普及率
考试科目代码及名称:357 英语翻译基础
第1 页共3 页。