许昌新乡平顶山2012年高三第一次调研考试

许昌新乡平顶山2012年高三第一次调研考试语文参考答案20111027一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）1．A（B.两者并没有因果关系；C.“都是正方形”的说法太绝对；D.“不追求反映宏大的场景”错误，据原文应是“不便反映宏大的场景”。

）2．C（“四周用木头固定”说法不对，应是“上下贯穿木轴”，这样才能做成卷轴画。

）3．D（据原文，“绢本”应是画在丝织品或布面上的画的统称，故“‘绢本’即唐卡”的说法不正确。

）二、古代诗文阅读（36分）（一）文言文阅读（19分）4．D（领：受爵）5．B（①表明吕僧珍善于理解梁武帝的意图；③是吕僧珍伯父家堂兄的儿子的做法；⑥表明吕僧珍恭谨。

）6．C（内容的理解概括与原文不符。

）7．（1）等到到了襄阳，催促派遣兵马支援，并且得到宣武王的书信而返回，武帝十分赞赏他。

（5分。

译出大意给2分，“督”“书”“嘉”三处，每译对一处给1分。

）（2）吕僧珍离家已久，上奏表请求回去扫墓，武帝想使他在本州显示荣耀，于是授予他南兖州刺史的官职。

（5分。

译出大意给2分，“去”“荣”“拜”三处，每译对一处给1分。

）【参考译文】吕僧珍字元瑜，东平范县人，世代居住广陵，家里很贫寒。

在梁文帝（萧顺之）那里作门下书佐。

身长七尺七寸，容貌魁伟，同僚都很敬重他。

唐宇之进犯东阳，梁文帝（萧顺之）率兵东讨，让僧珍主管行军各局的事务。

僧珍家在建阳门东，自从领受命令担当职务后，每天从建阳门过，都不进自己家门。

梁文帝（萧顺之）因此对他更加了解信任。

司空陈显达出兵沔阳北，看到他而招呼他人座，对他说：“你有贵人相，最终也不会遭贬抑，要好好努力。

” （南齐）建武二年，北魏的军队南侵，五路大军同时进击。

梁武帝率军援救义阳，吕僧珍跟随在军中。

长沙的宣武王当时作梁州刺史，魏军围攻几个月，义阳与雍州道路被切断了。

武帝想派使者到襄阳，希求得到梁州的音讯，众人没有谁敢去。

吕僧珍却坚决要求充当使者，当天就独自驾着一条船上路。

等到到了襄阳，催促派遣兵马支援，并且得到宣武王的书信而回，武帝十分赞赏他。

河南省许昌新乡平顶山2012届高三第一次调研英语试题本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答题注意事项见答题卡），在本试题卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题l.5分，满分7.5分）听下面五段对话。

每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．What can the man know from what he is reading?A．Bob Dylan’s birth date.B．The latest news of Bob Dylan.C．The life story of Bob Dylan’s cousin.2．What can we know about John?A．He doesn’t like smiling. B．He is sleepless. C．He is still feeling blue. 3．Why does the man want to go to Australia?A．Because it’s warm here.B．Because it’s not far.C．Because it’s different and special.4．What does the woman mean?A．She works in the visa office.B．She will lead the man to the visa office.C．She will tell the man how to get to the visa office.5．What is the man doing now?A．Asking some information about the woman’s flat.B．Borrowing $100 from the woman.C．Paying for the rent of the woman’s flat.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

许昌新乡平顶山2012年高三第一次调研考试文科数学本试题卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择題）两部分。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答題注意亊项见答題卡），在本试题卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第I卷一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1. 设集合，，，则=A. {1, 2}B. {2， 3} C {2,4} D. {1, 4}2. 若，则复数z=A. -2-i B -2+i C. 2-i D.2+i3. 在等差数列中，，则筹于A 100B . 120C 130 D. 1404. 若曲线在处的切线与直线互相垂直，则实数a 等于A.-2B-1C1D.25. 如图1是一个几何体的三视图，则这个几何体的体积是A.27B.30C.33D.366. 设是周期为2的奇函数，当时，，则>=A. B C D.7. 设向量a、b满足，=A. BC D.8. 阅读图2的程序框图，运行相应的程序，则输出i的值为A. 2B. 3C 4 D. 59. 如图3所示，边长为2的正方形中有一封闭曲线围成的阴影区域，在正方形中随机撒一粒豆子，它落在阴影区域内的概率是，则阴影区域的面积为A. B.C. D.无法计箅10. 设双曲线的一个焦点为F,虚轴一个端点为B如果直线FB与该双曲线的一条渐近线垂直，那么此双曲线的离心率为A.B C. D.11. 已知a.b都是正实数，函数的图象过点（0, 1),贝彳的最小值是A. B C. 4 D. 212. 已知函数.其中为实数，若对恒成立，且，则的单调递减区间是A. B.C. D.第II卷本卷包括必考題和选考題两部分。

第13题〜第21題为必考題，每个试题考生都必须做答。

第22題、第23題、笫24题为选考題，考生根据要求做答。

二、填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分。

13. 若实数x、y满足不等式组则的最小值等于________.14. 已知直线与，当时， a=____15. 在中，A、B. C所对应的边分别为a,b,c,若其面积I,则A=_____16. 已知函数，若互不相等的实数a b、c满足，则a+b+c的取值范围是______三、解答题：解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤。

河南省许昌平顶山新乡2024届高三10月第一次调研理综试题（WORD版）本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。

全卷共16页，满分300分，考试时间150分钟。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题共126分）留意事项：1．答题前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题卡规定的位置上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂出其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

以下数据可供解题时参考：相对原子质量：H．1 C．12 O．16 F．19 Mg．24 Al．27 Si．28 S．32 K．39 Fe．56 Ni．59 Cu．64 Ag．108 Pb．207一、选择题：本大题共l3小题。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．对下列生命现象及生物学意义表述不正确的是A．细胞分化使细胞趋向特地化，提高了机体生理功能效率B．细胞凋亡使细胞自主死亡，有利于生物体内部环境稳定C．生物都有独立合成和利用ATP的实力D．光合作用推动碳循环和促进群落中的能量流淌2．下列有关试验试剂或试验方法的叙述，正确的是A．植物的生长素和人的胰岛素均能及双缩脲试剂发生作用，产生紫色反应B．在绿叶中色素的提取和分别试验中，若只画一次滤液细线，结果滤纸条上色素带重叠C．运用相宜浓度的硝酸钾溶液视察到洋葱表皮细胞的质壁分别现象后，不滴加清水也能视察到质壁分别复原现象D．探讨土壤中小动物类群的丰富度时，宜采纳标记重捕法3．关于生物遗传方面的叙述，正确的是A．原发性高血压、青少年型糖尿病的遗传遵循孟德尔遗传定律B．基因都是通过限制酶的合成来限制代谢过程，进而限制生物的性状 C．若某生物精原细胞含有n对等位基因，则其产生的配子的基因型种类为2nD．某双链DNA分子含n个碱基对，T为m个，其复制3次共需G为7(n-m)个4．下列关于代谢及调整叙述中，正确的是A．糖尿病患者多尿主要是因为蛋白质分解加强导致尿素增加而带走大量水分B．水平放置的幼苗，其茎的背重力生长体现了生长素作用的两重性C．在200m短跑竞赛中，人体产生的二氧化碳是有氧呼吸及无氧呼吸的产物D．甲状腺激素须要通过血浆和组织液的运输才能作用于下丘脑细胞5．下列有关人体免疫的叙述正确的是①血浆中溶菌酶的杀菌作用属于人体的第一道防线②抗原都是外来异物③人体分泌的乳汁中含有某些抗体④吞噬细胞可参及特异性免疫⑤过敏反应一般不会破坏组织细胞⑥HIV主要攻击人体的T细胞，引起自身免疫病⑦对移植器官的排斥是通过细胞免疫进行的A．①④⑤⑦ B．①②③⑦ C．③④⑤⑦ D．②③⑥⑦6．一块退耕的农田因未刚好补种树木，若干年后渐渐演化成了一片杂草丛生的灌木林，成为了一个相对稳定的生态系统。

许昌新乡平顶山2012年高三第一次调研考试理科数学本试題卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择題）两部分。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答题注意事项见答題卡），在本试题卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

第I卷一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1. 已知集合，则等于A. [1, 2)B. (1，2)C. (0，2)D. [1,)2. 复数，则=A. 1B. 2 C D.3. 在等差数列中，，则=A. 100 B 120 C. 140 D. 1604. 如图是一个几何体的三视图，则这个几何体的体积是A.27B.30C.33D.365. 若在的展幵式中，第4项为常数项，则n的值是A. 15B. 16C. 17D. 186. 设向量，且，则的值是A. B. 一1 C. 1 D.7. 设双曲线的一个焦点是F,虛轴的一个端点是B，如果直线BF与双曲线的一条渐近线垂直，那么该双曲线的离心率是A. B. C. D.8. 先后拋掷两枚质地均匀的正方体骰子，它们的六个面分别标有点数1，2,3,4,5, 6，设骰子朝上的面的点数分别是x,y则的概率是A. B. C. D. 1/29. 已知a ,b为正实数，函数的图象经过点（O, 1)，则的最小值为A.B.C. 4D. 210. 已知，在如图所示的程序框图中，输出的S=A. 1B.C.D. - 111. 已知函数，其中为实数,若，，对恒成立，且•，则的单调递减区间是A. B.C. D.12. 设函数的定义域为D,若函数I满足下列两个条件，则称在定义域D上是闭函数.①在D上是单调函数；②存在区间[a,b],使在[a, b]上值域为[a，b].如果函数为闭函数，则k的取值范围是A. B.C. D.第II卷本卷包括必考题和选考題两部分。

第13题〜第21题为必考题，每个试题考生都必须做答。

第22题、第23题、第24題为选考题，考生根据要求做答。

绝密★启用前2012届河南省许昌新乡平顶山高三第一次调研考试英语卷试卷副标题考试范围：xxx ；考试时间：102分钟；命题人：xxx学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________注意事项．1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题）一、阅读理解（题型注释）When I was a child, I often dreamed of the time when I could leave home and escape to the city. We lived on a farm and, in the winter especially, we were quite cut off from the outside world. As soon as I left school, I packed my bags and moved to the capital. However, I soon discovered that city life has its problems too.One big disadvantage is money---it costs so much to go out, not to mention basics like food and housing. Another disadvantage is pollution. I suffer from asthma(哮喘), and at times the air is so bad that I am afraid to go outside. Then there is the problem of travelling round. Although I have a car, I seldom use it because of the traffic jams. One choice is to go by bicycle, but that can be quite dangerous.Of course there are advantages. First, there is so much to do in the city, whatever your tastes in culture or entertainment. Besides, there are wonderful jobs and greater chances of moving to a more important job or position. Finally, if you like shopping, the variety of goods is very surprising---and, what is more, shops are often only a short walk away.Is life better then, in the city? Perhaps it is, when you are in your teens(十几岁) or twenties.试卷第2页，共12页However, as you get older, and especially if you have small children, the peace of the countryside may seem preferable. I certainly hope to move back there soon. 1、What was the writer always thinking about when he was a child? A ．Staying on the farm B ．Moving to the countryside C ．Leaving home for the city D ．Running away from the school2、Which of the following is true about the writer? A ．He is very old now. B ．He is in good health. C ．He prefers driving a car. D ．He lives in the city now.3、In the passage, the writer tries to _______. A ．express his opinions about way of life B ．describe his life in the countryside C ．show an interest in the outside world D ．persuade the reader to live in the city4、How is the passage mainly developed? A ．By inferring B ．By comparing C ．By listing examples D ．By giving explanationsBritish society is considered to be divided into three main groups of classes －the upper class ，the middle class ．and the lower or working class ．This is known as the class system and it is important to know something about it if you mean to understand British people and society ．Most British people grow up with a deep knowledge and understanding of the class system even if they are not very conscious （意识到的）of it ．As a result ，more people know which class they belong to and are able to tell which class other people come from by the way t hey speak ，the kind of clothes they wear ，their interests and hobbies or even the type of food they eat ．Social class is not only about behavior and attitudes ．For example ，although many upper classpeople are rich and may own a lot of land，having a lot of money does not necessarily make a person one member of the upper class．It is also important to come from a particular kind of family，have friends who are considered suitable，have been to a certain type of private school and speak with the right kind of accent．There are people who are poor but who do not think of themselves as working class because their family background，education，political opinions，etc．are basically different from those of most working－class people．Many people do not like the class system but it is impossible to pretend that these differences do not exist or that British people do not sometimes form opinions in this way．5、The idea of the class system in Britain __________．A．exists only in the mind of foreigners B．is deeply rooted in the British peopleC．is now under attack D．is regarded as a long custom 6、If an Englishman has a lot of money，__________．A．he belongs to the middle classB．he must be a member of the upper classC．he is not likely to be from the upper classD．he may buy an upper class title with money7、What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?A．Many rich people do not belong to the upper class．B．Today many British people do not like the class system．C．Many poor people do not consider themselves a lower class．D．An Englishman’S social class is determined by many factors．8、What would be the best title for the passage?A．An Unequal Society B．Social Class in Britain C．British People and Society D．Information aboutBritainMoney and HappinessA Guide to Living a Good LifeAuthor: Laura RowleyPublisher: Wiley （March 1, 2007）Laura Rowley makes us all understand the connection between money and happiness in our试卷第4页，共12页own lives so that we can spend our time and efforts wisely. She offers an insight （领悟）so that every reader can make smarter decisions and live a happier life. HappinessThe Science Behind Your Smile Author: Daniel NettlePublisher: Oxford University Press （July 1,2007）It is the first book mainly about what happiness is and how happiness works. Nettle examines whether people are basically happy, whether success can make us happy, why some people are happier than others, etc. The Happiness MakeoverHow to Teach Yourself to Be Happy and Enjoy Every Day Author: M. J. RyanPublisher: Broadway （May 10, 2007）Ryan’s own desire to be happier first led her to study about happine ss from brain science, psychology （心理学）, and the wisdom traditions of the world. The happiness Makeover draws on wide - ranging knowledge and presents some suggestions that will help you a lot: ● Clear away worry, fear, envy, and grudges. ● Learn to think a bout yourself confidently.● Find daily ways to truly enjoy the moments of your life. Hormones （荷尔蒙）, Health, and Happiness Author: Steven F. HotzePublisher: Forrest Publishing （April, 2007）Dr. Steven Hotze is leading a wellness revolution that advances a new model of healthcare. In Hormones, Health, and Happiness, Dr. Hotze deals with the basic causes of poor health. You are shown how to reach and maintain the most favorable cell ，tissue ，and organ functioning ．It can help you enjoy a better quality of life ．9、What does the underlined“grudges”probably mean?A ．angerB ．surpriseC ．favourD ．preference10、If you want to know more about whether happiness has something to do with Success ，you’d better read_____________．A ．Money and HappinessB ．Happiness ．C ．The Happiness MakeoverD ．Hormones ，Health ，andHappiness11、Whose book will possibly help readers get a new kind of health and wellness model? A．Laura Rowley’s B．M．J．Ryan’sC．Daniel Nettle’s D．Steven F．Hotze’s．Where we live, on the eastern shore of Maryland, the gentle waters run in and out like fingers slimming at the tips.The Canada geese know this place, as do the white swans and ducks. In the autumn, they come home for the winter. Once or twice each year, snow and frozen rain move into the area. When this happens, if the river is at its narrowest, there is a freeze which hardens the water to the ice. One morning, a friend of mine set the breakfast table beside the huge window, which overlooked the Tred Avon River. Suddenly she leaned forward and cried out, “There is a goose outthere.”We saw the figure of a large Canada goose, very iii, its wings folded tight to its sides, its feet frozen to the ice.Then from the dark sky, she saw a line of swans. They floated from the top of the sky downward and at last landed on the ice. My friend was on her feet now, with one unbelieving hand against her mouth. As the swans surrounded the frozen goose, she feared what life it still had might be pecked（啄）out by those great swan beaks.Instead, those beaks began to work on the ice. The long necks were lifted and curved down, again and again. It went on for a long time. At last, the goose’s head lifted. Its body pulled. Then the goose was free and standing on the ice. And the swans stood in the air watching. Then, as if it had cried, “I cannot fly,” four of the swans came down around it. Their powerful beaks chipped off the ice and held in the feathers. Slowly, the goose spread its wings as far as they could go, and moved slowly into the sky.This is a true story. I just think of it in the bad moments, and from it comes only one hopeful question:“ If so for birds, why not for man?”12、What happened to the Canada goose?A．It was deserted by other geese. B．It was stuck in theice.C．It was wounded and couldn’t fly. D．It was lost in the试卷第6页，共12页water.13、 At first the author’s friend was worried that ________. A ．the swans would not help the Canada gooseB ．the swans would have the same fate with the Canada gooseC ．the Canada goose wouldn’t identify with the swansD ．the swans would peck the Canada goose to death14、What did the swans do when they saw the Canada goose couldn’t fly? A ．They chipped off the ice held in its feathers.B ．They waited patiently for the ice held in its feathers to melt.C ．They came down and lifted it up to the sky together.D ．They stayed with it and protected it.15、What would probably happen to the author’s friend in the end? A ．She stood there, watching attentively, still feeling a bit worried. B ．She was on her feet, laughing at the swans and the Canada goose. C ．She was embarrassed and went on with her breakfast silently. D ．She stood there quietly, not realizing tears had come down her cheeks.二、完形填空（题型注释）The Girl with the Cut - out FaceWhen I was a child, I often looked through a family album. I remember asking my mother why there was a 36 cut out of a photo of a little girl. But it was 37 that my mother did not want to talk about it.38 I looked at the album I saw that cut - out face and 39 about it. I figured there was something 40 . When I was grown up and had almost 41 about the photo, my mother must have realized I should know her 42 . She sat me do wn one day and said, “That cat - up photo is 43 your Aunt Anna. She has schizophrenia （精神分裂症）.”But why did my mother never 44 this before? I still didn’t understand. “Because people are… were… 45 of having mental illness in the family” was the 46 . But I wanted to meet Aunt Anna, and I 47 .My mother and I traveled to the house 48 Anna lived with an Italian family. Anna lookedlike a question mark on legs, 49 she had lovely, clear eyes and a gentle manner. I could see the 50 to my mot her. “So nice to meet you,” she said to me. “Do you have a trunk （象鼻；行李箱）？”Did she think that I was an elephant? No, she wanted to run 51 and hide in the trunk of my car. The family that 52 her said that she always wanted to 53 .The last time I saw Anna she was placed in a smaller old - age facility in Brooklyn.54 Aunt Anna, I’m not the least bit ashamed of you. I’m 55 about you now for many to see, with your sweet young face showing under a pretty bow. And you finally found that escape you were seeking.16、A ．space B ．picture C ．face D ．corner 17、A ．easy B ．necessary C ．simple D ．clear18、A ．At once B ．Every time C ．On purpose D ．Of course 19、A ．wondered B ．recognized C ．proved D ．learned 20、A ．wrong B ．serious C ．difficult D ．strange 21、A ．forgotten B ．remembered C ．found D ．lost 22、A ．thought B ．mind C ．secret D ．reason 23、A ．for B ．of C ．about D ．on24、A ．follow B ．discover C ．stop D ．mention 25、A ．proud B ．tired C ．ashamed D ．fond 26、A ．question B ．answer C ．voice D ．fact 27、A ．had B ．did C ．would D ．dared 28、A ．where B ．when C ．how D ．why 29、A ．so B ．and C ．but D ．or30、A ．difference B ．possibility C ．chance D ．resemblance 31、A ．upstairs B ．forward C ．outside D ．back 32、A ．housed B ．supported C ．offered D ．accepted 33、A ．run B ．escape C ．hide D ．die34、A ．Therefore B ．Otherwise C ．However D ．Anyway 35、A ．telling B ．writing C ．finding D ．complaining三、单项选择（题型注释）试卷第8页，共12页36、In my opinion, only in this way _________ the problem.A ．you can settleB ．can you settleC ．you do settleD ．do you settle37、My friend told me it would be months _________ his family settled down in that city. A ．after B ．since C ．before D ．when38、_________ beautiful natural scenery of Ireland attracts millions of tourists every year and tourism is now _________ big industry.A ．The; theB ．A; theC ．A; aD ．The; a39、Every individual _________ in a continually changing world of experience of which he or she is the center.A ．existsB ．will existC ．is existingD ．has existed40、_________ in Current Biology, the finding suggests that female birds seek mates with superior singing skills.A ．To publishB ．PublishedC ．Having publishedD ．To be published41、-How is your new babysitter?--We _________ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. A ．couldn’t B ．might C ．mustn’t D ．should42、A cup of water _________ you will feel better. A ．or B ．but C ．so D ．and43、Actually girls can be _________ they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot , an astronaut, or a general manager.A ．whereverB ．whoeverC ．whateverD ．whichever44、--Who is your new secretary?--Miss Evens. I’m very pleased with the work that she _________ so far. A ．are doing B ．did C ．were doing D ．has done45、- I wonder what you _________ me for a haircut.-- $ 60 at least.A．take B．charge C．spend D．cost46、-- It’s a pity that you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.-- I _________ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A．attended B．had attended C．would attend D．would have attended[ 47、This is the small house less than 15 square meters, under _________ roof lives a large family of three generations.A．which B．that C．its D．whose48、Fill your inside world with peace, love and joy _________ what happens in the outside world.A．because of B．in addition to C．regardless of D．according to 49、I was late for school this morning because the traffic was _________ by an accident. A．used up B．given up C．held up D．put up50、-I’ll come to see you this afternoon. Shall I bring something to read?--OK, _________.A．you are welcome B．by no meansC．take your time D．so much the better试卷第10页，共12页第II 卷（非选择题）四、短文改错（题型注释）51、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

第一节 动物在自然界中的作用 两个黄鹂鸣翠柳，一行白鹭上青天。

（杜甫《绝句》 ） 有哪位同学知道《寂静的春天》这一本书是写什么内容的吗？ 美国科普作家蕾切尔·卡逊（Rachel Carson,1907-1964)作了杀虫剂破坏生态的大量调查，于1962年出版了《寂静的春天》一书。

书中描绘人类可能面临一个没有鸟、蜜蜂和蝴蝶的寂静世界。

《寂静的春天》的目录 一、明天的寓言 二、忍耐的义务 三、死神的特效药 四、地表水和地下水 五、土壤的王国 六、地球的绿色斗篷 七、不必要的大破坏 八、再也没有鸟儿歌唱 九、死亡的河流 十、自天而降的灾难 十一、超过了波尔基亚家族 的梦想 十二、人类的代价 十三、通过一扇狭小的窗户 十四、每四个中有一个 十五、大自然在反抗 十六、崩溃声隆隆 十七、另外的道路 请同学们想象一个没有鸟、蜜蜂和蝴蝶的寂静世界，会是怎样的呢？ 资料分析： 1、麻雀啄食和糟蹋农作物，曾被列为主要的害鸟。

20世纪50~60年代，我国开展了“巢灭麻雀”的运动。

据有关资料记载，上海市在5天内就消灭麻雀686172只，获雀卵265 968只。

现在，有关专家发出了要保护麻雀的呼吁。

这是为什么？ 虽然麻雀平时多食谷类,对人类有害,但在生殖季节大量捕食农业害虫,间接的保护了庄稼,因此有对人类有利的一面.我们应该辨证的看待麻雀,如果把麻雀都消灭掉了,那么农业害虫会大量增加,对人类更为不利,所以专家提出的保护麻雀的呼吁是正 确的! 2、呼伦贝尔草原是我国最大的牧业基地。

过去那里有许多狼，对牧业的发展构成严重的威胁。

为了保护人畜的安全，当地牧民曾经组织过大规模的猎捕狼的活动。

但随后野兔却以惊人的速度发展起来。

野兔和牛羊争食牧草，加速了草场的退化。

想一想，野兔的数量增加的主要原因是什么？ 野兔数量增加的主要原因是因为狼的数量的减少. 牧草 野兔 狼 数量剧增 数量减少 被大量食用加速了草场的退化 加速了土地的沙漠化 3、下图这张剪报描述的是近期发生的事。

河南省许昌新乡平顶山2009—2010学年高三第一次调研考试理科综合能力测试本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，分别答在答题卡（Ⅰ卷）和答题卷（Ⅱ卷）上，答在试卷上的答案无效。

第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1．答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目等涂写在答题卡上。

2．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试题卷上。

3．本卷共21题，每小题6分，共126分。

以下数据可供解题时参考：相对原子质量（原子量）：Na：23 Mg。

24 Al：27 Cl：35．5 K：39 Ca：40 Ag：108一、选择题（本题共13小题。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

）1．下列关于细胞结构和功能的叙述，正确的是A．硝化细菌、乳酸菌没有线粒体和染色体，二者只进行无氧呼吸B．吞噬细胞摄取和处理抗原过程中要依赖膜的流动性C．细胞质基质不能为细胞代谢提供ATPD．核糖体是合成多肽链的场所，在胰腺细胞内它能合成胰岛素和生长激素2．下列关于基因结构和基因工程的叙述不正确的是A．用一种限制酶处理含目的基因的DNA，可得到4个黏性末端B．利用β－珠蛋白基因做成的探针可以检测出镰刀型细胞贫血症C．人工合成法获取的人胰岛素基因与体内原有基因在结构上可能不同D．真核生物基因编码区能转录为相应的信使RNA，并直接参与蛋白质的生物合成3．下列关于细胞工程的叙述，错误的是A．经诱导融合得到的融合细胞需经过筛选鉴定杂种细胞后，再经植物组织培养才能获得杂种植株B．能使动物细胞融合的特有诱导剂是灭活的病毒C．生产上可采用茎尖分生组织离体培养的方法培育脱毒的马铃薯植株D．植物体的分生组织通过细胞分裂产生新细胞的过程称为脱分化4．下面是某生态农场生产流程示意图，据图判断，下列说法合理的是A．该生态农场的每一生产环节都获得产品，提高了经济效益和生态效益B．此生态系统的建立，实现了物质和能量的循环利用C．当蚯蚓利用食用菌杂屑并将其同化为自身的有机物时，前后两个营养级之间能量的传递效率在10％－20％之间D．由于生产环节的增多，最终也增加了污染物的排放5．2009年5月18日，国家流感中心成功分离出中国内地第一株甲型H1N1流感病毒并完成了全基因组序列测定。

许昌新乡平顶山2012年高三第一次调研考试理科综合能力测试本试题卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答题注意事项见答题卡），在本试题卷上答题无效。

考试结束后将答题卡交回。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H1 C12 N14 O16 Na23 Mg24 Ca40第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本大题共13小题，每小题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1．下列叙述正确的是A．蓝藻和衣藻能通过叶绿体将CO2和H2O合成糖类等有机物B．癌细胞的糖蛋白和核糖体的数量明显少于正常细胞C．二倍体动物体细胞有丝分裂后期，细胞每一极均含有同源染色体D．在线粒体中，葡萄糖被彻底氧化分解，释放大量能量2．下列有关生物学实验的描述，正确的是A．番茄的果肉中含有丰富的葡萄糖和果糖，常用做还原糖的鉴定材料B．探究酵母菌的呼吸方式时，可依据是否产生CO2来确定C．“观察植物细胞有丝分裂”实验中，不需保持细胞的活体状态D．显微镜下观察到的质壁分离是指细胞质和细胞壁的分离3．下列生理活动与生物膜无关的是A．抗体与SARS病毒的特异性结合B．分泌蛋白的合成、运输和分泌C．叶绿体内ATP分子的形成D．小肠上皮细胞吸收葡萄糖4．下表是四种植物分生组织的细胞周期，有关叙述正确的是A．四种分生组织都能产生生长素以促进细胞的有丝分裂B．四种植物的细胞周期时间长短不同，但间期时长均大于分裂期C．最好选取物种1观察有丝分裂过程，因为其细胞周期最短D．A时期在细胞核中进行转录和翻译，B时期可观察到染色体的形态和数目5．现有某种农作物的两个品种：不抗寒（AA）抗倒伏（bb）高蛋白（DD）和抗寒（aa）不抗倒伏（BB）低蛋白（dd）。

在杂合子中，三对等位基因分别位于非同源染色体上。

如果要获得抗寒、抗倒伏、高蛋白的优质品种，通过杂交育种，在F2中符合育种要求的表现型和基因型个体所占比例分别为A．1／64和3／64 B．3／64和1／64C．9／64和1／32 D．27／64和3／646．下列有关变异和生物进化的描述，正确的是A．人工诱导的基因突变，能朝着对人类有利的方向进行，即都是有利的B．只有在新物种形成时，才发生基因频率的改变C．通过有性生殖实现了基因重组，增强了生物的变异性D．利用八倍体小黑麦的花药经过组织培养获得的植株是四倍体7．下列说法正确的是A ．在标准状况下，22．4L SO 3所含有的氧原子数为3×6．02×1023B ．在标准状况下，22．4LNO 和NO 2的混合气中，所含有氮原子的个数为6．02×1023C ．20mL0．1 mol ·L －1NaCl 与10mL0．1mol ·L －1BaCl 2溶液中氯离子物质的量浓度相等D ．在Na 2O 2与水的反应中，生成l mol O 2转移的电子数为4×6．02×10238．下列各组液体混合物中，能用分液漏斗分离的是A ．淀粉溶液和食盐溶液B ．CCl 4和水C ．乙酸和乙酸乙酯D ．乙酸和乙醇9．下列化合物的分子中，所有原子都处于同一平面的是A ．乙酸B ．甲苯C ．甲醇D ．四氟乙烯10．几种短周期元素的原子半径及主要化合价见下表：下列说法正确的是A ．b 和e 所形成的化合物一定能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色B ．a 的单质与稀硫酸反应的速率比c 快C ．d 的氢氧化物为两性氢氧化物D ．这些元素应位于周期表中的同一周期11．常温下，某溶液中由水电离产生的氢离子和氢氧根离子浓度的乘积为1×10－20。

许昌新乡平顶山2012年高三第一次调研考试语文本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（阅读题）和第Ⅱ卷（表达题）两部分。

考生作答时，请将选出的单项选择题的答案涂在答题卷所附的答题卡上，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

其余各题按照题号答在答题卷各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内。

在本试题卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，只交答题卷。

第Ⅰ卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面文字，完成1～3题。

帛画唐卡在藏区流行着一种画在布上的宗教画，这种卷轴画藏语称之为唐卡。

对藏传佛教僧人来说，唐卡是修行时必不可少的物品。

在佛殿里，众多唐卡夹杂在经幡、宝盖和彩带之间，从梁枋漫垂而下，对殿堂起着十分重要的装饰作用。

在我国，画在丝织品或布面上的画被称为“绢本”。

佛教兴起后，帛画遂被大量注入佛教题材，如佛、菩萨、天王、力士像以及说法画、经变画等。

藏传佛教的帛画在唐宋时已有，到了明代，获得了更大的发展。

据考证，现今最早的唐卡保存在西藏的萨迦南寺，约诞生于10世纪的五代时期，早期的唐卡几乎全是正方形，以后则是长方形的了。

到了明清两代。

藏区的唐卡数量明显增多。

唐卡的长度通常在二至三尺之间。

由于画幅的局限，不便反映宏大的场景，故而绘制佛、度母、本尊和护法神的供像就成为唐卡的侧重点，这类唐卡约占总数的80％。

按惯例，唐卡中间有一尊大佛像。

或是表情温和地坐在莲花座上，或面目狰狞被烈火包围，四角有树木、花卉和云彩。

不过，也有以连环画的形式把多幅画面连起来的叙述佛和高僧们的生平的唐卡，如最常见的《佛本生记》就是用100块唐卡连成的。

在藏区有许多绘制唐卡的僧俗艺匠。

而且，一些著名高僧也常是丹青好手。

由于唐卡是膜拜的对象，艺匠们把唐卡创作视为一种公德，因此，每幅唐卡都是潜心之作，绝少粗制滥造。

唐卡的构图繁复，在神佛之外还要画一些莲座、祥云、花蔓以及其他的装饰纹样，画师必须按照规定去做，不能随心所欲。

唐卡的制作有三个步骤。

第一步是加工画布。

先把白布在石灰水中浸泡。