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3.当表示地点的介词词组(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)在句首时。
句式：介词短语＋vi＋主语（必须是名词）
如：At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. East of the lake lie two towns. Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.
There stood a dog before him. There exist different opinions on this question.
例题:
________ a beautiful palace ________ the foot of
the hill.
A. There stand; at
2)表语为形容词 Present at the meeting were Mr White and many other guests.
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3)表语为过去分词 Seated on the ground are a group of young people.
4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词
Lying on the floor was a boy. Standing beside the desk was a teacher.
B. There stands; under
C. Stands there; under D. There stands; at 4
2 ，(1).在以here、there、now、then等副 词开头的句子里。
句式：副词＋vi＋名词主语
“Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主语" 结构。
注意：在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，
则主、谓不需要倒装。 In he came and back he went again.
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4."分词(代词) + be + 主语"结构。
Walking at the head of the line was our teacher. Such was the story he told me.
英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后（主语+ 谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）, 就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全 部倒装; 如果只把助动词或be 动词放在主语之前就 叫部分倒装。
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基本语序（natural order）：
主语+谓语+宾语（subject + predicate+ object）
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二、部分倒装
部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动 词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词, 要在主语之前加助动词do / does / did等, 而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。
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1. 句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。
这类词或短语主要有never, neither, nor, little, seldom(很少，不常）, rarely（很少，罕有）, hardly, scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）, no sooner（立即）, by no means（决不） ，not only, in no way（决 不）, at no time, few, not, no等,
题：________, a man of achievements, deep thoughts,
but with simple habits.
A. Einstein was such B. Such was Einstein
C. Einstein was so D. So was Einstein
句式： “否定词/词组＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语 ＋其他”。
Not until+从句/时间状语+主句（部分倒装）。
________ are the days when teachers were looked
down upon.
A. Gone B. Go
C. To go D. Going
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5，某些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强 调表语. 句式：表语＋系动词＋主语（必须是 名词）
1)表语为介词短语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
I love English.
完全倒装 (full inversion) 谓语+主语
Here came the headmaster.
部分倒装 (partial inversion)
助动词/情态动词+ 主语 + 动词
Nerve will I forgive you.
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一、完全倒装
1. There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用 来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。
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(2). 表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等 置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称 代词,就不用倒装。如:
In came Mr. White. Up went the arrow into the air. Away went the boy.
题：There ________. And here ________. A. goes the phone; she comes B. is the phone going; is she C. does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come she
Here comes the old lady! Then came the hour we had been looking forward to. Now comes your turn.
如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变，不用倒装。
如:Here you are. There she comes.
