英国文学复习资料[1]一选择题1. _____ was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.a. Thomas Wyattb. William Shakespearec. Phillip Sidneyd. Thomas Campion2. The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development ofEnglish Drama. It was _______ who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.a. Christopher Marloweb. Thomas Logec. Edmund Spenserd. Thomas More3. Great popularity was won by John Lyly?s prose romance_______wh ich gave rise to the term “euphuism”, designating an effected style of court speech.a. Arcadiab. V enus and Adonis.c. Eupheusd. Lucrece4. At the beginning the 16th century the outstanding humanist_____wrote his Utopia in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of the people?s suffering and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.a. Christopher Marloweb. Thomas Morec. Phillip Sidneyd. Edmund Spencer5. English absolute monarchy was once again adopted in the reignof ________after the Queen Elizabeth.a. Edward VIb. James Ic. Charles Id. Queen Ann6.Beowulf is the most important and the first epic in the Old Englishever written. It was written in _______.a. sonnetsb. balladsc. alliterationd. heroic couplet7.Paradise Lost is a (n)________.a. lyrical poemb. hymnc. epicd. narrative poem8.Pamela is a___________.a. historical novelb. romanceb. novel of naturalism d. novel of epistles andpsychology9.Gulliver’s Travels is a ________.a. sentimental novelb. novel of satire andallegoryc. Gothic noveld. novel of stream ofconsciousness10.I Wandered lonely as a Cloud is a ________.a. lyrical poemb. lyrical prosec. romance in prosed. sonnet11.T he School of Scandal is a ______.a. tragedyb. comedy of mannersc. noveld. romance12.The Merry Wives of Windsor is a ______.a. comedyb. tragedyc. historical playd. morality play13. A Red, Red Rose is a______.a. lyricb. satirical poemc. epic d ode14.Clarrisa is a (n) ____________.a. historical novelb. epistolary novelc. metrical romanced. satirical novel15. The title of “Poet?s poet” is given to the writer of thefollowing work__ _____.a. Death Be Not Proudb. Venus and Adonisc. Romeo and Julietd. The Faerie Queen16. The Merchant of Venice belongs to Shakespearian plays of_______.a. comedyb. sequence of sonnetsc. tragedyd. historical play17. Chaucer was the first important poet of a royal court to writein______ after the Norman conquest.a. Frenchb. Latinc. Englishd. Celt18. “He was not of an age, but for all the time”. “He” here refers to_____.a. Shakespeareb. Chaucerc. John Miltond. Ben Jonson19. The father of the school of Metaphysical poets is _______.a. Thomas Moreb. Spenserc. John Donned. Wyatt20. The most important prose writer of Elizabethan Age was _______,who was also the founder of the English materialistic philosophy.a. Thomas Moreb. Spenserc. John Donned. Francis Bacon21. During the medieval time, there were several types of drama, amongwhich the ______ denotes only dramas based on Saint?s lives.a. miracle playb. morality playc. mystery playd.interlude22. Morality plays were dramatized _______of the life of man, histemptation and sinning, his quest for salvation and his confrontation with death.a. elegyb. dreamc. ambitiond. allegories23. The hero in morality plays usually represents Mankind or _______.a. Devilb. Godc. valiantd. everyone24. The rhyme schem e of Spenser?s Amorretti is created by Spenserhimself, and it is now called ____, rhyme pattern of which is ______.a. English sonnet/ abab cdcd, efef ggb. Italian sonnet/ abba abba cde cdec. Miltonic sonnet/ abab bcbc cde cded. Spenserian sonnet/ abab bcbc cdcd ee25. In the Faerie Queene, Spenser signifies glory in abstract, and theQueen Elizabeth______ in particular.a. Gloryb. famec. honestyd. virtue26. Spenser not only wrote in Spenserian sonnet, he also inventedSpensrian stanza, a nine-line stanza used by him in Faerie Queene, the rhyme scheme of which is ________.a. abab ababab. abab bcbccc. abcb cdcdcd. aabb ccddd27. Spenser is usually considered “poets? poet”, because of his superbtechnical skill, perfect melodies, rare senses of beauty. However, in his poetry there still remain two defects: _______.a. power and unityb. power and steadinessc. steadiness and unityd. unity and melody28. The Tragic History of Dr. Faustus is based on a _____.a. German legendb. Greek legendc. Roman Legendd. Celtic Legend29. The hero of Dr. Fustus is a young ______.a. scholarb. doctorc. philosopherd. magician30. The significance of Marlowe?s plays lies in the playwright?spresenting of, in various ways, the spirit of ________.a. feudal lordsb. the rising bourgeoisiec. the intellectualsd. common people31. Who was the greatest dramatist in the 18th century?a. Goldsmithb. Sheridanc. Sterned. Fielding32. Which play is regarded as the best English comedy since Shakespeare?a. She Stoops to Conquerb. The Rivalsc.The School for Scandald. The ConsciousLovers33. Chaucer was the first important poet of royal court to write in______ after the Norman Conquest.a. Frenchb. Latinc. Englishd. Greek34. Shylock is a character in the play _______.a. T amburlain written by Marloweb. Othello written by Shakespearec. The Jew of Malta written by Marlowed.The Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare35. “To err, is human, to forgive, divine” and “ A little learning is adangerous thing.” are taken from the poems written by ______.a. John Miltonb. Francis Baconc. William Shakespeared. Alexander Pope36. The Deserted Village is a ___________.a. sentimental poemb. romantic poemc. neo-classical poemd. allegorical poem37. In English Poetry the phrase …the deep? is often referred to _______.a. the hellb. the heartc. the sead. the grave38. At the turn of the 18th and 19th century, ______ appeared as a newliterary trend in England.a. Renaissanceb. Reformationc. Romanticismd. Sentimentalism39. Of Truth was written by a British essayist_______.a. William Shakespeareb. George Bernad Shawc. Francis Bacond. John Donne40. “Gold? Y ellow, glittering, precious gold! Thus much of this willmake black white, fool fair, wrong right, base noble, old young, coward valiant…”These lines are taken from ________ by Shakespeare.a. Volponeb. As you like itc. The School for Scandald. Timon of Athens41. “ Conceit” is a term applied in particular to the school representedby_______.a. Herrickb. Ben Jonsonc. Poped. John Donne42. The general spirit of Shakespeare?s first period comediesis _______.a. youthfulness with melancholyb. pessimism with youthfulnessc. optimism with youthfulnessd. optimism with melancholy43. _____ is one of Shakespeare?s famous four tragedies.a. Romeo and Julietb. Julius Caesarc. Anthony and Claopatrad. Othello44. The Merchant of Venice belongs to Shakespeare?s play s of ______inwhich Shakespeare highly praises the wits and wisdom of the heroin______ .a. Sophiab. Portiac. Ophiliad. Olivia45. One of the following plays takes its subject matter from Chinesehistory.a. Henry VIb. Everyone in His Humorc. The Riva lsd. Tamburlain46. Piers the Plowman is a realistic picture of _____ England, whichindignantly satirized the ____ prevailing among the ruling classes, ecclesiastical and secular world.a. Renaissance/ corruptionb. medieval /realityc. medieval /corruptiond. Renaissance/ reality47. One of the following writers is not known as a sonnet poet is_______.a. Wyattb. Shakespearec. Greened. Spencer48. Mephistophilis is a _______.a. soldierb. devil?s servantc. king?s clownd. noble man49. Thomas More was killed because of ______.a. his disagreement with the princeb. his treason of Englandc. his plot against King Henry VIIId. his disagreement with the king?s divorce and the religiousbelief50. More is known as a writer, statesman and _______.a. humanistb. merchantc. socialistd. soldier51. All the following writers created the sonnet sequence except______.a. Shakespeareb. Thomas Morec. Spenser c. Sidney52. Apology for Poetry is a_______.a. sonnetb. literary criticismc. noveld. play53. Of the following, the one that employs the form of romance is_______.a. Euphuesb. Amorettic. Of Studiesd. V enus and Adonis54. The “Mighty line” in Marlowe?s play means________.a. blank verseb. sonnetc. coupletd. free verse55. The one who first made blank verse the principal instrument ofEnglish drama is ______.a. Surryb. Marlowec. Shakespeared. Ben Jonson56. The recurrent theme of Marlowe?s plays is the praise of ______.a. capitalismb. churchc. feudalismd. individualism57. All the heroes of Marlowe?s plays end with ______.a. happinessb. triumphc. tragedyd. insult58. The literary genre which best represents the literary achievement inRenaissance is _____.a. novelb. dramac. poetryd. romance59. Thomas More?s masterpiece Utopia was written in _______.a. Frenchb. Englishc. Latind. Greek60. Astrophel and Stalla was written by the author who also wrote _____.a. Amorettib. As Y ou like Itc. Apology for Poetryd. Dr. Faustus61. The poet who wrote the first sonnet sequence in English literature also wrote _____.a. The Shepherds’ calendarb. Apology for Poetryc. Hamletd. Alchemist62. The soldier, the poet, the critic, the courtier, all the titles can be applied to one of the following writers.a. Spenserb. Marlowec. Sidneyd. Ben Jonson63. Spenser is famous for his _______.a. musical rhythmb. colorful imagesc. symbolsd. all of the above64. Test of courage, faith and loyalty is the theme of a _____.a. romanceb. novelc. playd. ballad65. La Mort e’d Arthur describes the war, the tournament, illicit love and the quest for ______.a. Christb. Holly Grailc. Bibled. King Arthur66. All the following figures appear in the work La Morte’d Arthu r, except_______.a. King Arthurb. Gueneverec. Lancelotd. Tamburlain67. La Moret’d Arthur marked the ____ of the romance in England.A. falling b. risingc. summitd. ending68. The English Romantic Movement began in the 1798 when “Lyrical Ballads” was published, and ended in1832 when ______.a. Jane Austain diedb. Scott diedc. Wordsworth diedd. Shelley69. Quotation and the author are correctly paired in all the followings except______.a.a. “I might boast myself La V ainqueur”----- Johnsonb.b. “A little learning is a dangerous thing.” ------ Popec. c. A Truthful artist’s duty was to produce humann ature”------ Wordsworthd.d. Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” ---------Shakespeare.70. Virtue Rewarded in the novel by Richardson means___________.a.a. Shopia was married to Mr. B finally.b.b. Pamela was kicked out of Mr. B’s place.c. c. Shopia was married to Tom Jones at last.d.d. Pamela was married to T om Jones.71. The Spectator was started in the ______century.a. early 18thb. late 19thc. the late 18thd. early 19th72. The figure of speech used in the article A modest Proposal is called _____.b. paradoxc. ironyd. pun73. The Rape of the Lock gives an account of ______.a. bull fightingb. a knight duelc. a writer’s lifed. an anecdote of the court74. At the end of the History of T om Jones, a Foundling,________.a. Blifil was hangedb. T om was put in jail againc. Shopia divorced with T omd. None of the above75. Richardson was noted as a storyteller, letter-writer and a ______ as well.a. criticb. moralizerc. poetd. playwright76. The couplet, originally French, was made full use by ______.a. Popeb. Donnec. Chaucerd. Johnson77. All of the followings were from Ireland except________.a. Sheridanb. Goldsmithc. Swift78. The pair not correct associated is _______.a. Blake----engraverb. Goldsmith______poet and novelistc. Fielding ____playwrightd. Richardson _____poet79.The Sentimental School includes all of the following writers except_______.a. Thomas Cowperb. Thomas Grayc. Richardsond. Swift80. Milton was nicknamed “the lady of the Christ” because he was ______.a. a ladyb. as serious as a ladyc. as hansom as a ladyd. as gentle as a lady答案；1-5 a a c b b 6-10 c c d b a11-15 b a a b d 16-20 a c a c d21-25 c d d d d 26-30 b a a a b31-35 b c c d d 36-40. a c d b d41-45. d c d b d 46-50. b c b d a.51-55. b b a a b56-60. d c b c c61-65. b c d a b66-70. d c b c b71-75. a c d d b76-80. a d d d c二，名词解释1. EnlightenmentEnlightenment is a progressive intellectual movement, which swept over England and other lands in Western Europe in the 18th century. Enlightenment freed and reformed the thinking of man. Enlighteners strove to clear away the feudal remnants and replace them by bourgeois ideologue.2.Blank verseUnrhymed iambic pentameter. See also Meter. In the 1540s Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, seems to have originated it in English as the equivalent of Virgil's unrhymed dactylic hexameter. In Gorboduc (1561), Thomas Sackville and Thomas Norton introduced blank verse into the drama, whence it soared with Marlowe and Shakespeare in the 1590s. Milton forged it anew for the epic in Paradise Lost (1667).3. Fable(1) A short, allegorical story in verse or prose, frequently of animals, told to illustrate a moral. (2) The story line or plot of a narrative or drama. (3) Loosely, any legendary or fabulous account.4. RomanceAny imaginative literature that is set in an idealized world and that deals with heroic adventures and battles between good characters and villains or monsters. Originally, the term referred to a medieval tale dealing with the loves and adventures of kings, queens, knights, and ladies, and including unlikely or supernatural happenings. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is the best of the medieval romances./doc/205598258.htmledy of mannersIts concern is to bring the moral and social behavior of its characters to the test of comic laughter. The male hero lives not for military glory but for pleasure and the conquests that he can achieve in his amorous campaigns. The object of his very practical game of sexual intrigue is a beautiful, witty, pleasure loving, and emancipated lady, every bit his equal in the strategies of love. The two are distinguished not for virtue but for the true wit and well-bred grace with which they conduct the often complicated intrigue that makes up the plot.6. HumorA humor is a theory used by Ben Jonson in his play writing.A humor, according to the physiology and the psychology of the time, was one of the liquid constituents of the body, each of which had its peculiar emotional propensity. Every character in Jonson’s comedies personifies a definite humor, so his characters are like caricatures.7. NovelThe extended prose fiction that arose in the 18th century to become a major literary expression of the modern world. The term comes from the Italian novella, the short "new" tale of intrigue and moral comeuppance most eminently disseminated by Boccaccio's Decameron (1348-1353). The terms novel and romance, from the French roman, competed interchangeably for most of the 18th century.三．阅读题Passage 1To die, to sleepNo more and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache, and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to, ?tis a consummationDevotedly to be wished. To die, to sleepTo sleep-perchance to dream: ay there?s the rub,For in that sleep of death what dream may come?When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us a pause. There?s the respectThat makes calamity of so long life.For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,The oppressor?s wrong, the proud man?s contumelyThe pangs of despised love, the law?s delay,The insolence of office, and the spurns,The patient merit of th? unworthy takesQUESTION:1. These lines are taken from a famous play named________.2. The author of the play is____________.3. In the play these lines are uttered by ____________.4. About the utterance what does the speech show? Passage 2What though the field be lost?All is not lost: the unconquerable will,And study of revenge, immortal hate,And courage never to submit or yield:And what is else not to be overcome?That glory never shall his wrath or mightExtort from me. To bow and sue for graceWith suppliant knee, and deify his powerWho, from the terror of this arm, so lateDoubted his empire-that were low indeed;That were an ignominy and shame beneathThis downfall; since, by fate, the strength of godsAnd this empyreal substance, cannot fail;Questions:1. These lines are written in __________.2. In the second line …the unconquerable will? refers to the will of _____.a. Zeusb. Satanc. Godd. Adam3. These lines are taken from a very famous ________ entitled ________.4. Who is the author of this poem?5. What?s the central theme of these lines?6. What do you think of the writing features of the passage?Passage 3My friend Roger, being a good churchman, has beautified the inside of his church with several texts of his own choosing; he has likewise given a handsome pulpit cloth, and railed in the communion table at his own expense. He has often told me that, at his coming to his estate, he found his parishioners very irregular; and that in order to make them kneel and join in the responses, he gave every one of them a hassock and a Common Prayer book, and at the same time employed an itinerant singing masters, who goes about the country for that purpose, to instruct them rightly in the tunes of the Psalms, and indeed outdo most of the country churches that have ever heard.Questions:1. This passage is taken from a periodical named______.2. The Title of the passage is ___________________.3. The …I” in the passage is supposed to be _____________a. Mr. Spectatorb. Addisonc. Steel4. What kind of person is Sir Roger?5. What is the writing features of the passage?Passage 4:I lay down on the grass, which was very short and soft, where I slept sounder than ever I remember to have done in my life, and as I reckoned, above nine hours; for when I awaked, it was just daylight. I attempted to rise, but was not able to stir: for as I happened to lie on my back, I found my arms and legs were strongly fastened on each side to the ground; and my hair, which was long and thick, tied down in the same manner. .I likewise felt several slender figures across my body, from my armpits to my thighs. I could only look upwards; the sun began to grow hot, and the light offended my eyes. I heard a confused noise about me, but in the posture I lay, could see nothing except the sky. In a little time, I felt something alive moving on my left leg, which advancing gently forward over my breast, came almost up to my chin; when bending my eyes downwards as much as I could, I perceived it to be a human creature not six inches high, with a bow and arrow in his hands, and a quiver at his back.Questions:1. this passage is taken from a well-known book written by______.2. The …I? in the passage was dropped in a str ange country, the name of which is _______.3. The title of the book is__________.4. The …I? in the passage is ______________.5. what is the writing features of the passage?Passage 5I profess, in the sincerity of my heart, that I have not the least personal interest in endeavoring to promote this necessary work, having no other motive than the public good of my country, by advancing our trade, propose to get a single penny; the youngest being nine years old, and mywife past childbearing.Questions:1. This passage is taken from a well-known essayentitled___________________________.2. The author of the article is ______________________.3. What is the most striking features of the article?Passage 6A little black thing among the snowCrying “weep, weep, weep,” in notes of woe!“Where are your father and mother? Say?”“They are both gone up to the church to pray.”“Because I was happy upon the hearth,And smil?d among the winter?s snow;They think they have done me no injury,And are gone to praise God and His Priest and King,Who make up a heaven of our misery.”Questions:1. What is the little black thing refers to_________?2.What?s the title of the poem? _________3.Who make up a heaven of our misery.” _________4. What do you know from the line “ …and are gone to praise God and his Priest and King?”5. Comment on the little speaker?s narrative.Passage 7Now fades the glimmering landscape on the sight,And all the air a solemn stillness holds,Save where the beetle wheels droning flight,And drowsy tinklings lull the distant folds.Save that from under ivy-mantled towerThe moping owl does to the moon complainOf such, as wandering near her secret bower,Molest her ancient solitary reign.Questions:1. Those two stanzas are taken from-__________by _______.2.The poem is written in the metrical meter of ______ pentameter.3. The sequence time of the poem is from __________ to___________, together with the country scene especially the cemetery inthe churchyard to foil the sadness and melancholy.4. This poem can be regarded as the typical poem of __________, or maybe you can call it a poem of ________.why do you feel about this?Passage 8How the chimney-sweeper?s cryEvery black?ning chu rch appalls;And the hapless soldier?s sighRuns down palace walls.But most thro? mid-night streets I hearHow the youthful harlots curseBlasts the new-born infant?s tear,And blights with plagues the marriage hearse.Questions:1.What is title of the poem?2. Where is this poem taken from_________.3. Who is the writer of this poem.4. The theme of this poem is _____________________________. ANSWER TO passage 11.“Hamlet”2. Shakespeare3. Hamlet4.“To be or not to be” means to live or end one?s life by self-destruction. Hamlet has already spoken of suicide as a means of escape, and he dwells on it in a later part of this very speech, giving however a different reason for refraining. The notion that in the words “or not to be ”he is speculating on the possibility of “something after death”---whether there is a future life –cannot be entertained for a moment. The whole drift of the speech shows his belief in a future life. Practically the whole speech has become proverbial as an outpouring of utter worldly weariness. ANSWER TO passage 2:1. A2. B3.“Paradise Lost”4.John Milton5.In this passage, God is depicted as a despot “Who now triumph, and in the excess of joy/sole reigning holds the T yranny of Heaven;” whil e in contrast Satan is presented as the real hero, a rebel with “the unconquerable will, And courage never to submit or yield.” The epic turns out to be an eloquent expression of the revolutionary spirit of the English bourgeois revolution, a call to resist tyranny and to continue the fight for freedom. Herein lies the great significance of the passage and the work as well./doc/205598258.htmlton is difficult to read, because of his involved style withfrequent inversions and very complicated sentence structure. His sentences are often long. Y et, to express his sublimity of thought, he wrote in a style that is unsurpassed in its sonority, eloquence, majesty and grandeur—the “Miltonic” style. He is a great master of the blank verse. His lines are rich in the variations of rhythm and pause.ANSWER TO passage 3:1.The Spectator2.Sir Roger at the Church3. a4.Sir Roger represents the country gentry. He is a country gentleman of old fashioned manners. He stands for the old-fashioned virtues of simplicity, honesty, and piety. His foibles, which are describes with a gentle humor, make a setting for his virtues, which point an example to the world of fashion. He is created as a character fit in the novel.5.The periodical literature in “The Spectator” maintained its tone of courtesy and good breeding. Such prose is easy to understand yet capable of variety and beauty. Just as Dr. Johnson described, “His prose is the model of the middle style; on grave subjects not formal, on light occasions not graveling; pure without scrupulosity, and exact without apparent elaboration; always equable, and always easy, without glowing words or printed sentences.”ANSWER TO passage 4:1.Swift2.Lilliput3.Gulliver’s Travels4.Lemuel Gulliver5.The style is characterized by directness, simplicity andvividness. The most grotesque creations are combined with the bitterest satire.ANSWER TO passage 51. “A Modest Proposal”2. Jonathan Swift3. A Mod est Proposal is an example of Swift’s favorite satiric devices used with superb effect. Irony (from the deceptive adjective “modest” in the title to the very last sentence) pervades the piece. A rigorous logic deduces ghastly arguments from a shocking premise so quietly assumed that the reader assents before he is aware of what his assent implies. Parody, at which Swift is adept, allows him to glance sardonically at, by then , the familiar figure of the benevolent humanitarian (forerunner of the modern sociologist, social worker, economic planner) concerned to correct a social evil by means of a theoretically conceived plan. The proposer, as na?ve as he is apparently logical and kindly, ignores and therefore emphasizes for the reader the enormity of his plan. The whole piece is an elaboration of a rather trite metaphor: “The English are devouring the Irish.” But there is nothing trite about the pamphlet, which expresses in Swift’s most controlled style his pity for the oppressed, ignorant, populous, and hungry Catholic peasants of Ireland, and his anger at the rapacious English absentee landlords, who were bleeding the country white with the silent approbation of Parliament, ministers, and the Crown.ANSWER TO passage 6:1. It refers to the poor little boy who has been made black because of their sweeping. Chimneys.-2.The title of the poem is “The Chimney-Sweeper”3. It was the “God and Priest and king” who together builda Heaven of misery for the weak and the poor.4. The language of this short lyric, though, very simple, yet somewhat ironical satirical which reveals his understanding and knowledge of the source of the misery and sufferings of the poor and the weak.ANSWER TO passage 7:1. Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard, Thomas Gray2. quatrains, iambic3. dusk, darkness4. sentimentalism, graveyard schoolSentimentalism seemed to have appeared hand in hand with the rise of realistic English novel. Sentimentalism often relates to sentimentality and sensibility in some literary works . In Poetry, we have Thomas Gray’s “An Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”, not mention the various odes of sensibility which flourished in the later half of the century.ANSWER TO passage 8:1. “London”2. Songs of Innocence3. William Blake4. The poem provides a comprehensive picture of the many miseries, physical andspiritual, in London.五. Answer the following questions回答下列问题（There are2 questions in this part , one is for 5 point , totally 10 points）1. Analyze the image of Robinson Crusoe.Robinson Crusoe is one of the protagonists drawn most successfully in English novels. Through the characterization of Robinson Crusoe, Deofoe depicts him as a hero struggling against nature, and human fate with his indomitable will and。
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