跨文化交际相关文档

新编跨文化交际英语教程引言随着全球化的快速发展，跨文化交际能力已经成为现代社会中不可或缺的一项技能。

为了帮助学习者提高他们的跨文化交际能力，新编跨文化交际英语教程应运而生。

本文档将介绍该教程的主要特点和内容，以便学生和教师更好地了解并使用该教程。

教程特点新编跨文化交际英语教程具有以下几个特点：1.综合性：该教程主要涵盖了跨文化交际的各个方面，包括语言、文化差异、社交礼仪等。

学习者能够全面了解并提高自己的跨文化交际能力。

2.互动性：教程设计了大量的互动活动，以帮助学习者实际应用所学知识。

通过与教师和其他学生的讨论和合作，学习者能够加深对跨文化交际的理解。

3.实用性：教程的内容紧密结合实际生活和工作中常见的跨文化交际场景。

学习者能够学到一些实用的技巧和策略，以应对不同文化背景下的交际挑战。

教程内容新编跨文化交际英语教程包括以下几个主要部分：第一部分：跨文化意识这一部分主要介绍跨文化交际的基本概念和重要性。

学习者将了解不同文化之间的差异以及这些差异对交际的影响。

第二部分：语言与文化本部分将探讨语言和文化之间的关系。

学习者将学习如何避免语言误解和文化冲突，并掌握一些克服语言障碍的技巧。

第三部分：跨文化沟通技巧这一部分将重点介绍跨文化交际的一些基本技巧和策略。

学习者将学习如何在不同文化背景下适应和理解他人，并提高自己的沟通效果。

第四部分：社交礼仪与文化差异本部分将探讨不同文化之间的社交礼仪差异，以及如何在不同文化背景下表现得体。

学习者将学习一些常见的社交礼仪规则，并了解如何与不同文化背景的人建立良好的关系。

第五部分：跨文化交际案例分析这一部分将通过一些真实的跨文化交际案例进行分析和讨论。

学习者将有机会应用所学知识，并分享自己的观点和经验。

结论通过使用新编跨文化交际英语教程，学习者将能够全面提高自己的跨文化交际能力。

在现代社会中，这一能力将成为他们成功的关键。

希望本文档能为学生和教师提供一些有用的信息，并帮助他们更好地使用和理解该教程。

跨文化交际阅读教程1引言在当今全球化的世界中，跨文化交际能力变得越来越重要。

随着国际交流的不断增加，人们经常需要与来自不同文化背景的人进行交流与合作。

跨文化交际阅读能力是跨文化交际的基础，对于了解对方文化、提高交际效果至关重要。

本文档将指导读者如何提升跨文化交际阅读能力。

1. 了解文化差异第一步是了解不同文化之间的差异。

不同文化有不同的价值观、社会习俗和沟通方式。

了解这些差异，能够帮助读者更好地理解对方的行为和观点，避免误解和冲突。

•研究目标文化：阅读与目标文化相关的书籍、报纸、杂志和网站，了解其历史、传统、价值观和社会习俗。

•与本地人交流：尝试与目标文化的本地人交流，了解他们的想法和观点。

可以通过参加交流活动、加入跨文化交流社群或在社交媒体上寻找交流机会。

2. 培养批判性思维在跨文化交际阅读中，批判性思维是至关重要的。

读者需要能够客观地分析和评估所阅读的文本，并思考其背后的文化观点和假设。

•提出问题：在阅读过程中，问自己一些关键问题，例如作者的意图、观点和价值观。

比较不同文化视角下的观点，思考它们的异同。

•查找证据：寻找文本中的证据和例子，支持或反驳作者的观点。

确保评估过程基于客观的事实和证据，而非主观的偏见。

3. 学习语言和词汇语言是文化的重要组成部分，了解目标文化的语言和词汇将有助于读者更好地理解文本和沟通。

•学习基础语言知识：学习目标文化的基础语法、词汇和常用表达。

可以通过参加语言课程、使用语言学习应用程序等方式。

•关注特定领域的词汇：针对自己感兴趣的领域，学习相关的词汇和表达。

例如，如果对目标文化的音乐感兴趣，可以学习与音乐相关的词汇。

4. 阅读跨文化材料阅读跨文化材料是提升跨文化交际阅读能力的有效途径。

通过阅读不同文化背景的材料，读者将接触到多样化的观点和文化差异。

•选择合适的材料：选择与目标文化相关的材料，例如文学作品、新闻报道、历史书籍等。

确保材料的便利性和适宜水平。

•挑战自己：选择一些较难的材料，挑战自己的阅读能力。

①课本第三页1-Needs and Purposes for Communication•(1) survival (6) power•(2) cooperation (7)social needs•(3)personal needs (8) information•(4) relationships (9) making sense of world•(5) persuasion 劝说(10) self-expression用P4—P6 Survival、Co-operation、Personal needs. Relationships.persuasion……回答，不要求全部都写出来，但是至少要答四到五个，理解读懂还要有对这个词的解释②P6掌握交际的概念（Definition）•Communication refers to the act and process of sending and receiving messages among people.•Eg: buy computer via Internet•Communication—someone perceives behavior or its residue and attributes meaning to it.Communication has taken place regardless of whether that behavior is conscious or unconscious. Intentional or unintentional.③P10（很重要）交际的过程（the process）1. the components of communication•Message•Sender•Receiver•Channel•Noise•Feedback•Encoding/Decoding2. Models of communication•(1) the linear model•(2) the circular model•(3) the contextualized model④P14 交际的特征（Characteristics）里的黑体标题要看懂• 1. communication is dynamic 动态• 2. communication is irreversible不可撤销• 3. communication is symbolic符号性• 4. communication is systemic 系统性• 5. communication is self-reflective自我反映性• munication is interactive 交互性•7. communication is complex 复杂性⑤P22里的最后一段中影响跨文化交际的主要三个因素Language barriers，different values，different cultural patterns of behavior⑥ICC与ICBC的概念1. intercultural communication (ICC)•--interpersonal communication between members of different cultures.2. intercultural business communication (ICBC)•--communication within and between businesses that involve people from more than one culture⑦P31课后练习中的Discussion Questions的前三个问题⑧P41 关于文化的概念在这页的第五段•Culture is the total accumulation（积累）of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions （习俗）and communication patterns（样式）that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.⑨P42 文化的特点还要解释四个到五个• 1. culture is not innate; it is learned (e.g. sneezing)• 2. culture is transmitted from generation to generation• 3. culture is selective• 4. the facets of culture are interrelated (e.g. women’s movement)• 5. culture is ethnocentric• 6. culture is subject to change⑩P46价值观的概念（definition of value）•One’s principles or standards, one’s judgment of what is valuable or important in life • A broad tendency to prefer certain states of affairs over others. (Hofstede P46)• A conception, explicit or implicit, distinctive of an individual or characteristic of a group, of the desirable which influences the selection from available modes, means, and ends of action.⑾P45（重点）values from the core of culture• 1.values form the core of culture• 2. values are the deepest manifestations of culture and most difficult to understand by an outsider. (symbols-heroes-rituals-values, by Hofstede)⑿P48 价值观的分类• 1.universal values (e.g., happy life)• 2.cultural-specific values (e.g.. modesty for Chinese culture)• 3. peculiar expression or deviations of individuals within cultures (subjective culture)⒀P49 价值观是怎样形成的？how to get one’s value？• 1. from one’s family• 2.from school education teachers• 3. from one’s peers• 4. from society at large⒁P59（很重要）hofstede-Bond's Value Dimensions•Individualism vs. Collectivism (P.61)•Power Distance•Uncertainty Avoidance•Masculinity vs. Femininity回答这个题目时要说这个理论是谁写的，叫什么名字，理论是什么（从P60-64四个角度回答）还要解释，还要给例子，比如P62的图表。

备课教案第一章跨文化交际一、引言跨文化交际是指不同文化下的个体之间进行沟通和交流的过程。

在全球化的下，跨文化交际的重要性越来越被人们所重视。

在教育领域，培养学生的跨文化交际能力已成为一项重要任务。

本教案的第一章将介绍跨文化交际的概念、原则和意义，并提供一些教学方法和策略。

二、跨文化交际的概念跨文化交际是指在不同文化下，个体之间进行交流和互动的过程。

跨文化交际涉及到语言、文化、社会习俗和价值观等方面的差异。

在跨文化交际中，个体需要理解和尊重对方的文化差异，同时要注意自己在交际中所表现出来的行为和态度。

三、跨文化交际的原则1.尊重差异：在跨文化交际中，应该尊重对方的文化差异，包括语言、礼仪、思维方式等方面的差异。

不应该对对方的文化进行歧视或偏见。

2.适应变化：在跨文化交际中，个体需要适应不同的文化环境和情境。

需要灵活地调整自己的行为和态度，以便更好地与对方进行交流。

3.建立共同语言：虽然语言可能是跨文化交际中的一个障碍，但个体可以通过学习对方的语言，或者使用一种中性的语言来建立共同的语言，从而更好地进行交流。

4.接纳多样性：在跨文化交际中，个体需要接纳不同的文化观念和价值观。

要意识到每个文化都有其独特的优点和特点，不应该将自己的文化观念强加于他人。

四、跨文化交际的意义跨文化交际具有重要的意义，它可以促进不同文化之间的交流和理解，有助于消除文化冲突和误解。

在教育领域，培养学生的跨文化交际能力可以帮助他们更好地适应多元文化的社会，并且能够为未来的国际交流和合作提供基础。

五、跨文化交际的教学方法和策略1.多元文化教育：在教学中注重引入多元文化的内容和案例，让学生了解不同文化的差异和特点。

2.语言对比学习：通过对比不同文化下的语言差异，帮助学生理解文化之间的差异，从而更好地进行跨文化交际。

3.资源共享：鼓励学生分享自己的文化和经验，这样可以促进学生之间的互相了解和交流。

4.情景模拟：通过模拟真实的跨文化交际情景，让学生在实践中学习如何应对文化差异和问题。

跨文化交际下中韩文化的异同关键词:跨文化交际;中韩文化;比较引言中韩两国历来有着良好的跨文化交际传统，交际活动涵盖多个方面，两国文化领域存在着较明显的共性，促进了文化交流和彼此了解，增进两国间的民族感情。

为了更好地促进中韩跨文化交流，我们不仅需要充分利用两种文化的契合点，还需要了解并尊重不同文化间的价值观差异和民族性格差异，从而提高跨文化交际实效。

一、跨文化交际简述1．跨文化交际的解释我们将具有两种或两种以上文化背景的主体放在特定的交际场景，使用同一语言从事的口语交际活动称为跨文化交际。

需要强调的是，交际主体的异文化背景、各主体使用同一语言以及口语交际模式是跨文化交际的三个重要特点。

首先，跨文化交际主体的异文化背景，表现在中韩两国之间的跨文化交际上，分别为华夏文化背景、韩文化背景，两者都是东方文化的代表，有着明显的儒家文化基因，但在细节上，如语言、文字、表达方式以及生活习性、风土人情等方面表现出明显的差异性。

其次，由于异文化背景产生不同的语言，为跨文化交际形成语言障碍，使用同语种交际要求是基于信息传达和理解的需要。

如中韩文化交流中可采用汉语、韩语以及第三方语言为交流语种。

此外，跨文化交际还包括物化形式、传媒形式、书面形式交际方式，面对面的口语交际最具实效性。

2．跨文化中的文化因素影响文化因素产生于文化背景，延伸到文化生活的各个层面，表现为价值观和社会规范以及民族性格等方面。

影响跨文化交际实效的因素主要包括价值观差异、民族性格差异。

不同文化背景造就跨文化交际中的差异性，如中韩两国在传统节日上，都有春节、元宵、端午和中秋四大传统节日，但中国人更重视春节，韩国人更重视中秋节;在传统节日习俗上如节庆方式、饮食、重视程度以及情感寄托各不相同。

在跨文化交际过程中，这些都是影响交际活动的文化因素，需要交际双方加以重视。

二、中韩民族性格的共性和差异性分析1．中国民族性格特点民族性格是社会文化底蕴和精神面貌透过意识层面的外在表现，表现为行为习惯和心理反应的总和，受政治、经济、文化等因素影响，具有较高概括性和辨识度，如美国人大方、日本人守礼、德国人一丝不苟、中国人热情、犹太人富足等，都是在共性基础上提取的民族性格特点。

《跨文化交际学概论》第七章社会交往五、宴请招待p132Case One: Setting Rules for a Guest – American Hospitality案例：When Zhang Tao traveled in America, he lived in the home of his American friend, Bill. Once after he had traveled back, he found Bill was in a bad mood. When he asked what the problem was, Bill told Zhang Tao that his son Adam got furious about the noise Zhang made when walking upstairs and also because he was using too much water in the solar powered shower and Adam had to have his shower in cold water. Bill told Zhang Tao that he should walk more softly in future, and have a fast shower to save water. Zhang Tao felt uneasy. How could the host set such rules for his guest!Question: Why did Zhang Tao feel uneasy?分析：1) In China, when people host someone, they put the guest in the place of honor to show hospitality. They try to take care of the guest，and try to make the guest feel comfortable and at ease.2) In America, people tend to give the guest great freedom and treat a guest more casually, naturally and truthfully.3) Zhang Tao knew he was a guest, and thought in terms of Chinese expectations of hospitality. He thought Bill should treat him courteously instead of setting rules for him.4) Since Zhang Tao lived in American surroundings, he should have known about the customs there sooner.Case Two:案例：Lin had traveled 20 hours from Beijing to New York. He needed a good meal. His American friend, Mike, met him. But Mike only offered him a plate of roasted chicken and a glass of orange juice. Lin was used to having a main course, and asked Mike if he had any rice. Mike said he only had fried noodles, and Lin had to make do with it. Though Lin knew Americans didn’t care very much about what food they ate, he still felt surprised because he had taken Mike to the most famous duck restaurant in Beijing -- Quanjude -- when he arrived in Beijing.Question: Why did Lin feel surprised? Offer some advice to him about adjusting to his new environment in America.分析：1) 0n the topic of hospitality, the Chinese stress on warmth and demonstrating friendship. They take the guest to a famous or luxurious restaurant to have a very good (expensive) meal to show their hospitality. And the Chinese are used to having a big meal. The more dishes they put out，the greater the warmth and friendship they show.2) In western countries, people stress on freedom. They give the guest great freedom to choose their own foods. And westerners tend to have only one main course and some juice or dessert，which is viewed as casual in the eyes of the Chinese.3) Lin lived in American surroundings and should have adjusted himself quickly to the new world (lifestyle). He should have known the custom there first, and felt more at ease in Mike’s h ome.Case Three: Equality or Hospitality for Table Manners案例：Lin Hua has accompanied an American delegation to visit China. They have experienced the hospitality of the Chinese people. After returning to America, Linhua once visited them. They were so glad to meet again. Linhua offered to host the meal, but they refused. They ordered their own dish, and Linhua ordered her own. When footing the bill, they only paid their part，and no one wanted to pay for Linhua. Linhua found them so inhospitable, though she knew the Americans would usually pay for their own food.Question: Why did Linhua find them inhospitable?分析：1) In China, to show hospitality, people tend to host the meal. And if they cannot do this, they at least will struggle to pay for the guest.2) In America, people tend to pay for themselves to show equality and independence.3) Linhua knows this custom, but from a Chinese point of view, she still finds this hard to accept, and feels it a little inhospitable.Case Four:案例：I have an American friend. I have invited him several times, and at long last he invited me to his home one day. He told me to get there at 3 p m. I thought we could chat and have a meal together. I gave him a Chinese calendar, a woman’s scarf and a bottle of Chinese white wine. He only took out a dish of nuts, a plate of bread and a bottle of wine. After two hours’ chat, I found there was no hint of a meal and said good-bye to him. He only gave me a box of chocolate as a present for the New Year. After I got home, I found the box already been opened. I was very surprised, Question: What surprised me?分析：1) In China, a visit to home always includes a meal. And the guest always bringsa relatively expensive present to the host. And the present should be well wrapped or untouched.2) In the west, a visit to home only means a meeting, not necessarily including a meal. And the present is treated not as importantly as it is in China.3) I acted in a way that was based on Chinese customs, so I felt the American way was very interesting (unusual).Case Five: Way of Entertaining Guests in China ---- Drink more and more案例：Tom, an American, went to a Chinese home for the first time. He was offered some tea. Just when the first cup was about to finish, more tea was added. He drank the second cup. Then the cup was filled the third time. Then he drank it, then ⋯ until he was quite full. Tom was totally confused by the way of entertaining.Question: Why was Tom totally confused?分析：1) Traditional Chinese custom requires that during the course of entertaining, the host has to always pour more wine or tea to the guest’s glass or cup, and always adds more food to the guest’s plate or bowl without asking whether it’s wanted.2) Chinese guests know how to respond to this type of hospitality. They simply leave the wine, tea, or food in the container and stop having any more. But Tom, the American guest in the case didn’t know this.3) He followed the politeness rule of his culture: it’s not good manners to leave food in one’s own plate at a dinner table. Therefore, without any knowledge of the differences between the two cultures, an American guest would very likely suffer from either drinking or eating too much in such a situation.Case SixAs a foreign student at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, Keiko Ihara (Japanese) was on a strict budget. She had all her tuition and books paid for by scholarships and grants and until recently was comfortably housed in the dormitory. Wanting to live in the community rather than in the dormitory, she found a small apartment to share with a friend. Her college friends, knowing of her situation, offered to round up some of the necessary items for apartment living. Keiko politely declined, saying she could manage. Wanting to help out her friends found some old but still usable household appliances and furniture. Mary had an old desk that was in hergarage. Ed had some chairs from his uncle, and Joe and Marion had a few extra dishes. They cheerfully brought them over one day. Keiko seemed very embarrassed, but gracefully accepted them, sincerely and profusely thanked them.The following week they were each presented with a gift from Keiko. Mary got an ornate jewelry box, Ed a volume of woodcuts by a famous Japanese artist, and Joe and Marion a beautiful Japanese vase, all of which were of considerable worth and value, much more than the old things they had donated to her. They all protested that she could not afford to give such elaborate gifts; they really expected nothing as the household items were not really being used and they would rather have her use them. Keiko, however, insisted that they take the gifts. In the end, they accepted the gifts, although they all felt uncomfortable as they knew she was really sacrificing to give them.Questions:1. What do you think of Keiko insisting on giving valuable gifts to her college friends?2. Why did Keiko’s friends feel very uncomfortable when they received valuablegifts in return?分析：Keiko insists on giving valuable gifts to her college friends, because in countries like Japan, exchanging gifts is a strongly rooted social tradition. Should you receive a gift, and don’t have one to offer in return, you will probably create a crisis. If not as serious as a crisis, one who doesn’t offer a gift in return may be considered rude or impolite. Therefore, in Japan, gifts are a symbolic way to show appreciation, respect, gratitude and further relationship.Keiko obviously has taken those used items from Mary, Ed and Marion as gifts, for she probably doesn’t know that Americans frequently donate their used household items to church or to the community. Mary, Ed and Marion would never consider those used household items given to Keiko as gifts. No wonder they felt very uncomfortable when they received valuable gifts in return.Case SevenSelma, who is from the US, is in a student exchange program in Indonesia. One day, she was asked to attend a birthday party and she was delighted, for she was curious to know what an Indonesian birthday party was like. To her surprise, she was the only one that dressed in typically Western clothes. Although she had no strong reason to become uneasy, her uneasy feeling prevailed as the party was going on. To make herself feel better, she went to the food table and began to help herself. But, upon leaving the table, she tripped on the leg of a chair and spilled her drink on the floor. One of the girls stooped down to mop up the spill and everyone else laughed out loud. Selma, uncertain what to do next, quietly moved out of her way with her head lowered in shame.Questions:3. What functions does laughing serve in similar situations in China?4. What should we do to help ourselves or other people out of embarrassmentcaused by cultural differences in laughing?分析：Just like smile, laughing does not always serve the same function in different cultures. Interestingly, for us Chinese, laughing often has a special function on some tense social occasions. People may laugh to release the tension or embarrassment, to express their concern about you, their intention to put you at ease or to help you come out of the embarrassment. In this case, the people there were actually wishing to laugh with the American rather than laugh at her. Their laughing seemed to convey a number of messages: don‘t take it so seriously; laugh it off, it‘s nothing; such things can happen to any of us, etc. Unfortunately the American was unaware of this. She thought they were laughing at her, which made her feel more badly and angry, for in her culture laughing on such an occasion would be interpreted as an insulting response, humiliating and negative.。