常用词缀及示例
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常用词缀及示例
常用词缀及示例
前缀及部分常用词根
a- 1. 表语性形容词 2. 加强意义 3. 在“in, at, on”
例：awake, aware, arise, arouse, aboard, abroad, ahead, alike,
alive, asleep
fore beforehand, front, before 先，前，预
例：forecast, forefinger, forehead, foremost, foresee
mis- 坏，恶，误
例：misfortune, mislead, mistake, misunderstand, misuse
out- 超出，在外，出外，胜过，超过
例：outbreak, outcome, outlet, outline, outlook, output,
outnumber over- 过度，越过；颠倒，反转，在上
例：overall, overcoat, overhead, overthrow, overcome,
overseas un- 不，无，做相反的动作，移开，消除
例：unable, unbearable, uncertain, uncover, unfit, unknown,
unfold, unfair
unnecessary, unwilling, unlike, unlock, unpleasant
under- 在…下，低于，不足
例：underdeveloped, undergo, understand, underground,
underlie, underwear
ab-, a- 脱离，离开，离去
例：abnormal, abortion, absent, abuse
bi- 二，两，重
例：biennial, bimonthly, bilingual
semi- 半
例：semiannual, semimonthly, semicircle
circum-,circu- 周围，环
例：circumstance, circuit, circulate, circle, circulation com- 共同
例：collaborate, collect, co-operate, corporation, company
contra-, counter- 反，相对
例：contrast, controversial, counter, counteract,
contradiction de- 出，离；向下，贬低
例：depreciate (比：appreciate), degrade, destroy
dis-, di-, dif- 离，分开；不，无；动作的相反或取消
例：disabled, dissuade, differ, disappear, disagree, dislike,
disadvantage
inter- 在…之间，相互
例：interaction, interfere, international, interrupt, interview
ex-, e-, ef- 出外，除去，完全
例：emigrate, exclude, exhibition, expand
in-, im- 内，向内，入
例：immigrate, include, imprison, indoors
extra- 以外，超过
例：extra, extraordinary
in-, im- 不，无，非
例：impossible, illegal, illogical, inaccurate, irregular,
impatient pre- 先，前，超
例：precaution, preface, prefer, preview, prewar
re- 回，后退；再，又
例：remind, rewrite, react, replace, review, reveal, refine,
recall sub- 在…之下；低于，秘密地
例：subconscious, suffice, suppress,substandard, subsurface,
subdivide
super-, sur- 上，超
例：superficial, surface, surplus, supermarket, superman,
supernatural
trans-, tra- 跨越，转，传 例：transatlantic, transform, transmit, transport, tyadition,
translate auto- 自己
例：automatic, automobile, autonomous, autonormy,
equ- 均，平等
例：equal, equality, equator
form 形式
formal, conform, deform, unform, reform, uniform
min-, mini- 较小，较少
例：minor, minute, miniature, minority, minus
port 持，拿，运
例：portable, porter, export, import, support, transport
press- 压
例：pressure, compress, express, impress
spec- 看
例：spectacle, aspect, expect, inspect, prospect, respect
vid-, vis- 看，看见
例：visible, vision, visual, evident, revise, visa, visitor, video
bi-, bio- 生命，生物
例：biochemistry, biography, biology
geo- 地，地球
例：geography, geometry, geology
gram 写，图形
例：graph, program, photograph, telegram
log- 言语，推理
例：logic, logical, apology, apologize, dialogue, monologue
cap-, capit- 头
例：cap, capital, captain, caption
cent(i) 百，百分之一
例：cent, century, centigrade, centimetre
常见后缀 -dom 表地位.身分.领域.条件.状况
例：freedom, kingdom, wisdom, boredom
-hood
表状态.地位.特征
例：childhood, brotherhood, motherhood, neighborhood
-ness 表状态.性质
例：happiness, likeness, sadness, weakness, darkness,
goodness
-ship 表性质.情况.地位.身分
例：friendship, hardship, leadership, ownership, scholarship
-er,ar,or,ist,ant
表做某事的人（n)
例：painter, beggar, sailor, lawyer, liar, scientist, assistant,
consultant
assistant
-d, -ed
加在名等后构成形
（adj)
后构成形（过分形式）
（adj)
例：aged, sleilled, talented, broken, golden-haired
-en
由...做成的
（v)
例：wooden, woolen, waxen, oaken
-fold 表倍数
(n) 例：twofold, fivefold
-ful
充满....的.富有....的
（adj ) 例：cheerful, doubtful, harmful, skilful, hopeful, fruitful
-ish
如...的.似...的.有...性质的
（adj )
例：boyish, girlish, selfish, blmish, blackish, greenish
-less
无...的.不...的
（adj )
例：fearless, harmless, hopeless, helpless, endless, aimless,
needless
-like
如.. ..的.似...的
（adj )
例：dreamlike, warlike, fatherlike, starlike
-ly 如...的.有...性质的；加在形后构成副（adj. adv ) 例：manly,
homely, lovely, friendly, kingly, widely, badly
-some
如...的.似...的.有...性质的
（adj )
的.有...性质的
（adj )
例：tiresome, troublesome, burelensome
-ward
向...的.朝...的
（adv )
例：eastward, outward, unward, backward, forward,
westward 例：windy, shady, muddy, icy, healthy, wealthy
-en （及物动词后缀）（使）成为，（使）变得更（v )
例：harden, shorten, deepen, sharpen, strengthen, frighten,
widen
