英语常见前缀后缀及例词
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1.前缀
a- (做表语,表示状态):alive awake
dis- (反义前缀):discover disappear dislike disability disabled disagreement
disadvantage
im- (反义前缀):impossible
in/inter- (在…内部,中间):interview international include
re- (再次):remove reuse recycle rebuild repay
un- (反义前缀):unknown unusual unsuccessful uncertain unlucky unable
unfold unfair unfortunately unlikely unsafe unsold unwell unhappy
2.后缀
1)名词性后缀
①表示人的身份、职业、国籍等的后缀
-er learner farmer organizer speaker computer smoker foreigner
reporter dancer traveller producer keeper builder driver hair drier
road-user manager minister lawyer marcher listener slave-owner
performer passer-by prisoner caller painter discoverer container
designer reader viewer bookseller trainer moneylender
-or editor actor director operator sailor
-ist artist journalist cyclist scientist
-an musician politician European Asian Cambodian Indian
-ese Chinese
②表示状态,状况或事物的后缀
-tion,-sion
invention instruction expression contribution collection pollution radiation
direction position station conditions organization construction
instruction education profession operation vacation separation
revolution liberation generation conversation graduation determination
expedition competition irrigation decision production starvation
translation hibernation
-y discovery difficulty
-ment movement agreement disagreement advertisement equipment settlement
announcement environment disappointment judgement punishment
-ness illness darkness sadness happiness blindness willingness weakness
greatness
-ity possibility nationality
2)形容词后缀
-ly:friendly weekly likely
-able,-ible:valuable comfortable suitable possible
-ous:dangerous famous delicious serious various anxious curious
precious mountainons
-ful:useful peaceful successful wonderful powerful helpful merciful
-y: healthy sunny dusty salty rainy
-less:careless cordless endless useless
-al: international official natural medical personal central practical
mental agricultural
3)副词后缀
-ly: luckily freely generally regularly immediately quickly easily
correctly gradually seriously heavily completely surprisingly probably
fortunately slowly carefully quietly partly completely extremely
nearly slightly mentally badly greatly lately beautifully deeply
particularly strongly curiously jokingly properly eagerly obviously
fiercely firmly physically fully neatly frequently steadily fairly
publicly
●复合词
airport boyfriend/girlfriend shortwave firefighter homeland northeast
sometimes world-famous film-maker well-known spaceship bedclothes
handshake English-speaking telephone homework photograph headline
weekend lifelong seashell whatever hillside northwest wildlife
notebook well-kept raincoat weatherman outside inside everything
something worldwide someone bookmark manmade sunshine bedroom
armchair seaweed glasshouse nationwide wheelchair haircut policeman
overcoat radioactive motherland seaman warship mainland coastline
underground weekend countryside farmland whichever workforce
sunset bookstore secondhand body-building handstand somewhere
upstairs downstairs aircraft warm-blooded