2019届高三英语一轮复习基础必备Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课时作业新人教版必修3

2019年高考英语一轮总复习第一部分重点全程攻略Un it4Astro nomythescie nceofthestars 限时规范特训新人教版I •阅读理解（建议用时16'）[xx •复旦附中高三检测]Space exploration has always been the province W1of dreamers: The human imagination readily soars while human ingenuity （仓U 造力）struggles to follow. A Voyage to the Moon, often cited as the first scienee fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was dead and buried for a good three cen turies before the first manned rockets started to fly.In 1961, whe n Preside nt Kenn edy declared that America would send a man to the moon by the decade's end, those words, too, had a dreamlike quality. They reson atedwith optimism and ambiti on in much the same way as the most famous dream speech of all, delivered W2by Mart in Luther King Jr. two years later. By the end of the decade,both visions had yielded concrete results and transformed American society. And yetin many ways the two dreams en ded up at odds with each other. The fight for racial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic （讲求实用的）and immediate in its impact.The urge to explore space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its aims.When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no gra nd follow—up to the Apollo missi ons. The tech no logically promised W3space shuttle programhas just e to an end P1, with no successor. The perpetual argument is that funds are tight, that we have more press ing problems here on Earth. Amid the curre nt concerns about the federal deficit, reaching toward the stars seems a dispensable luxury —as if savi ng one —thousa ndth of a sin gle year's budget would solve our problems.But human ingenuity struggles on. NASAis developing a series of robotic probesthat will get the most bang from a buck. They will serve as modern Magellans, mapping out the solar system for whatever explorers follow, whether man or mach ine. On the flip side, panies like Virgin Galactic are plotting a bottom —up assault on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private spaceflight could lie within reach of rich civilians W4in a few years. Another decade or two and it could go mainstream.The space dreamers end up ben efit ing all of us —not just because of the way they expa nd huma n kno wledge, or because of the spin —off tech no logies they produce, but because the two types of dreams feed_off each other. Both Martin Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to P2the idea that humans can transcend what were once considered in here nt limitati ons. Today we face seem ing challe nges in en ergy, the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will transcend these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lot of the credit W5. The more evidenee we collect that our species is capable of greatness, the more we will actually achieve it.篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516120)1．Her puzzled (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didn't understand what I said.2．As is known to us，the Republic of China came into existence (exist) as an independent country in 1949.3．As we all know，a bad eating habit is harmful (harm) to one's health.4．Though injured seriously，he tried to cheer up，hoping to make his parents less worried.5．I can say that it is the most violent (violence) film that I have ever seen.6．My relationship with the actors is fundamental to my work as a director.7．As the old saying goes，it is easier to pull down than to build up.8．The old lady became seriously ill last week，and she has only existed on milk ever since.9．The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times bigger (big) than the present one.10．Sometimes he found it very hard to fall asleep at night，so he went to see the doctor.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516121)1．She has got into the bad habit of reading in the bed，which is harmful for her eyes. for→to 2．The twin brothers stood under the tree，puzzling and saying nothing. puzzling→puzzled 3．Even though he is a little boy，strange ideas always exists in his mind. exists→exist 4．You'll succeed on time because you are always working hard. on→in5．The sun heats the earth，which makes possible for plants to grow. makes后加itⅢ.佳句写作(导学号02516122)1．据说这个发电厂(the power plant)是以前的5倍大。

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516120)1．Her puzzled (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didn't understand what I said.2．As is known to us，the Republic of China came into existence (exist) as an independent country in 1949.3．As we all know，a bad eating habit is harmful (harm) to one's health.4．Though injured seriously，he tried to cheer up，hoping to make his parents less worried.5．I can say that it is the most violent (violence) film that I have ever seen.6．My relationship with the actors is fundamental to my work as a director.7．As the old saying goes，it is easier to pull down than to build up.8．The old lady became seriously ill last week，and she has only existed on milk ever since.9．The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times bigger (big) than the present one.10．Sometimes he found it very hard to fall asleep at night，so he went to see the doctor.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516121)1．She has got into the bad habit of reading in the bed，which is harmful for her eyes. for→to2．The twin brothers stood under the tree，puzzling and saying nothing. puzzling→puzzled3．Even though he is a little boy，strange ideas always exists in his mind. exists→exist4．You'll succeed on time because you are always working hard. on→in5．The sun heats the earth，which makes possible for plants to grow. makes 后加itⅢ.佳句写作(导学号02516122)1．据说这个发电厂(the power plant)是以前的5倍大。

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars李仕才【短文语法填空】It is well known that the Chinese have great respect for their elders, and here is an occasion to show it—the Chongyang Festival. It falls 1. the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. In Chinese, nine 2. (regard) as the number of “yang”. The ninth day of the ninth month is the day that has two“yang” numbers, and “chong” in Chinese means double, which is 3. the name “Chongyang” came into being.The festival can date back to the Warring States Period. However, it was not 4. (formal) set as a festival until the Tang Dynasty. In 1989, the Chinese government 5. (declare) the ninth day of the ninth lunar month to be the Seniors’ Day—a day to respect 6. elderly and to let them enjoy 7. (they)．Traditionally, people climb mountains, drink chrysanthemum(菊花) wine, and eat Chongyang cakes. Since “cake” in Chinese is pronounced “gao” meaning “high”，people consider climbing a high mountain to be the same as eating cakes in the hope of 8. (promote) to high positions. And people often think that chrysanthemum wine can get rid of all kinds of diseases and 9. (disaster)．Today many activities are held 10. (show) respect to the seniors like organizing a trip for them, sending them gifts and more on the day of the festival.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的传统节日重阳节的历史发展、名称由来等。

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516120)1．Her puzzled (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didn't understand what I said.2．As is known to us，the Republic of China came into existence (exist) as an independent country in 1949.3．As we all know，a bad eating habit is harmful (harm) to one's health.4．Though injured seriously，he tried to cheer up，hoping to make his parents less worried.5．I can say that it is the most violent (violence) film that I have ever seen.6．My relationship with the actors is fundamental to my work as a director.7．As the old saying goes，it is easier to pull down than to build up.8．The old lady became seriously ill last week，and she has only existed on milk ever since.9．The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times bigger (big) than the present one.10．Sometimes he found it very hard to fall asleep at night，so he went to see the doctor.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516121)1．She has got into the bad habit of reading in the bed，which is harmful for her eyes. for→to2．The twin brothers stood under the tree，puzzling and saying nothing. puzzling→puzzled3．Even though he is a little boy，strange ideas always exists in his mind. exists→exist4．You'll succeed on time because you are always working hard. on→in5．The sun heats the earth，which makes possible for plants to grow. makes 后加itⅢ.佳句写作(导学号02516122)1．据说这个发电厂(the power plant)是以前的5倍大。

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars单元基础词汇语法回顾Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Their education ________ (体系) was perfect.2．I hope you will recover soon under this enjoyable ______(气候)．3．He felt ________(鼓励)by the progress he had made.4．The manager doesn't ________(允许)us to use the computer.5．The news that they were defeated ________(传遍)to the capital.6．Tornadoes are ________ (猛烈的)whirlwinds which vary in their width from a few yards to 1,300 feet.7．The small boat was ________(漂浮)on the surface of the water.8．A great ________(块)of rock had fallen from the cliff and now blocked the road.9．From these observations we conclude that the moon has little or no ________(大气层)．10．These kittens look exactly ________(一样的). Can you tell them apart?答案1．system 2.climate 3.encouraged 4.allow 5.spread6．violent 7.floating 8.block 9.atmosphere 10.alikeⅡ.单句语法填空1．She is a very ________ (religion) person who goes to church every Sunday.2．This kind of plants has been in ________ (exist) for millions of years.3．I've been ________ (puzzle) over all the figures, trying to find what happened to the missing money.4．We live in a ________ (globe) village, but this doesn't mean that we all behave in the same way.5．Last night we had a discussion, which became more and more violent. Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use ________ (violent) whatever happens.6．Reading in the sun is ________ (harm) to your eyes.7．The wind is blowing ________ (gentle)．8．It was my friends who gave me a great deal of __________ (encourage)．9．The desertification accounted for good farmland's ________ (disappear)．10．Her teacher pointed out her mistake with __________ (patient)．11．The boy was lucky enough to escape ________ ( punish) by telling a lie.12．Over the past five years Tom ________ (go) through a lot of hardships.13．When I'm feeling sad, my mother tells me funny stories to cheer me ________.14．He described the three ways ________ the problem could be solved.15．Only by practising time and time again can you get the hang ________ the grammar rules.16．She married at 25 and gave birth ________ her first child shortly after.17．Tom got up late, thus ________ (miss) the early bus.18．Last night a fire broke ________ in the hotel across the street.19．The fireworks exploded ________ all directions.20．This garden is three times ________ big as that one.答案1．religious 2.existence 3.puzzling 4.global5．violence 6.harmful 7.gently 8.encouragement9．disappearance 10.patience 11.being punished12．has gone 13.up 14.that 15.of 16.to 17.missing18．out 19.in 20.asⅢ.单句改错1．There is so much rain on the island that its annual rainfall reaches as many as sixty inches.________2．The problem of pollution is worth paying attention.________3．This is such interesting a film that I have seen it twice.________4．When people in the room heard someone crying“Fire! Fire！”they were seized by panic and began to run towards all directions.________5．Teachers can help them learn to take risks in an atmosphere that they feel confident about doing so.________6．Because there is no air or wind on the moon, the footprints may stay there for million of years.________答案1．many改为much 2.attention后加to 3.such改为so4．towards改为in 5.that改为where6．million改为millionsⅣ.语法填空Visitors to Britain may find the best place __1__ enjoy local culture is in a traditional pub. But newcomers may get into trouble in these friendly pubs. Strangersmay start with the difficulty of getting a drink. Most pubs have no waiters —you have to go to the bar (吧台) to buy drinks. This may sound __2__ (convenient), but English people are used to doing so. Pub culture is formed __3__ (help) people get along with each other. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others __4__ (wait) for drinks. The bar counter is __5__ (possible) the only place in Britain __6__ a friendly conversation with strangers __7__ (consider) to be entirely proper and really quite normal, __8__， if you do not follow the local rules, you may fail to feel the local culture. For example, if you are in a big group, __9__ is best for one or two people to go to buy the drinks. Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff __10__ (angry) than a group of strangers standing in front of the bar while they chat and wonder what to order.答案1．to 2.inconvenient 3.to help 4.waiting 5.possibly6．where 7.is considered 8.however 9.it 10.angrierⅤ.短文改错A few days ago when taking the walk with my mother in the park, I came across a foreigner. Judged by his puzzled expression, I thought he might in need of help. So I went up and asked whether I could help him in English. He told me he had got lost. He had turned to several passer ­by for help, and they couldn't speak English. Then he told me his destination. Fortunately, I was quite familiar to the place. In order to make myself understand, I told him how to go there as clear as possible. Although it was the first time that I have talked to a foreigner face to face he totally understood what I said and thanked for me.答案 A few days ago when taking the awalk with my mother in the park, I came acrossa foreigner. Judged Judging by his puzzled expression, I thought he might ∧bein need of help.So I went up and asked whether I could help him in English. He told me he had got lost. He had turned to several passer ­by passers ­by for help, and butthey couldn't speak English. Then he told me his destination. Fortunately, I was quite familiar to withthe place.In order to make myself understand understood ， I told him how to go there as clear clearly as possible. Although it was the first time that I have had talked to a foreigner face to face he totally understood what I said and thanked for ＼ me. 单元能力训练与技巧指导练一 语言知识运用保分练1篇完形＋1篇语法填空，限时25分钟Ⅰ.完形填空It was an unforgettable weekend.I had a great time at the __1__.However, after I arrived home, I noticed my owl necklace was __2__.I was so anxious that I __3__ every room in the house, but my efforts were __4__ vain.Then I decided to head back to the beach.My husband thought I was __5__， as the huge beach was nine miles from our home.How could I __6__ one tiny necklace? What if it came off in the ocean? I was __7__ to even consider that as a possibility.I knew I had to try.After searching for several hours at the beach, I __8__ an elderly man with a metal detector (探测器) in his hand.I __9__ up to him and asked whether he had come across a necklace.He opened his hand and showed me his __10__ — some coins.He said if he saw my necklace he would __11__ return it to me.I also wanted him to have enough __12__ to mail it so I gave him a $5 bill and told him my name and my address.Then I left.My husband __13__ me and said that he would buy me a new one.But I turned down his nice __14__， as that necklace couldn't be __15__.It was my dad who had found a special way to give me that __16__ necklace.There had been a yard sale in my community.Among the things that were put on __17__ he found the necklace.Unable to __18__ it, my dad offered to build a bookshelf for the owner as a(n) __19__.Unexpectedly, three days later, I received a package.Inside were a $5 bill and my owl necklace.The moment I saw the necklace, I couldn't help __20__. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者在沙滩上把自己的项链丢失了，然后又回到沙滩上找，没有找到，最后被一个老人找到并寄给作者的故事。

Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the stars基础知识默写篇一、分层单词写作词汇1. prep.与……不同;不像2. adv. 因此,于是3. adj.温和的;文雅的4. n.气候阅读词汇1.astronomy n.2.system n.3.globe n.4.atmosphere n.5.fundamental adj.6.chain n.7.multiply vt.& vi.8.gravity n.9.satellite n.10.physicist n.11.crash vi.&vt.12.spaceship n.13.pull n.&vt.14.float vi.&vt.& n.15.oxygen n.拓展词汇1. adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的→ n.暴力→adv. 暴力地;猛烈地2. adj.有害的→ n.& v.伤害→adj.无害的3. vi.存在;生存→n.存在;生存4. vi.&vt.(使)迷惑;(使)为难 n.谜;难题→adj.迷惑不解的→adj.令人迷惑的5. n.生物学→ n.生物学家二、高频短语1. 及时;终于2. 熟悉;掌握;理解3. 产生;分娩4. 轮到某人5. 阻止;制止6. 感到高兴;感到振奋7. 既然8. 突发;爆发9. 密切注意;当心;提防10. 挡住(光线)三、经典句型1.This produced a chain reaction,which (使生命的发展成为可能).2. (很多科学家所相信的是)the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.st month I (我足够有幸有机会)to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer.4.When we get closer to the moon,we shall feel its gravity pulling us,but it will(不像地球的引力那么大).5.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried (地球上的两倍远)and fell over.6....walking does need a bit of practice (既然重力改变了).基础知识运用篇一、语境词汇运用(一)词汇拼写(注意单词或短语的形式变化)1.Worse still, being addicted to cellphones might also lead to teenagers’ poor perform ance at school, (因此)adding to their elders’ worries.2.The final of the match was going on in an exciting (气氛) and won hearty applause at times.3.She (拉;拖) him gently towards her just now.4.Some (基本的) mistakes are not allowed to make when you are doing the work.5.As we know, the earth is being warmer and warmer due to the global (气候)change.6. (不像) most people in the office who e to work by car, I usually e to work by bus.7.When the Chinese women volleyball team turned up, all the fans (感到振奋).8.Please tell me when Mr. Smith is arriving at the train station so that I can pick him up (及时).9.Once he has made up his mind, no one can him (阻止)carrying out the pla n.10.At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket, which (突发;爆发)at ten this morning.11.You’ve made me suffer in the past, so now you, (轮到你), suffer again!12.She married at 17 and (分娩)her first child shortly after.13.She bought a heavy curtain to (挡住)the light.(二)单句填空1.He often says that he doesn’t believe in any (religious) and only believes in himself.2.The factory gives off gases. They may do to our health.(harm)3.Do you believe the of ghosts? Perhaps they only in the minds of some people.(exist)4.The look on her face suggested she was about the math problem.(puzzle)5.The robbers hit them . They couldn’t bear it any more so they decided to answer with and began their fightback. (violent)二、经典句型仿写1.了解唐朝的历史会使你更容易理解唐诗。

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the starsⅠ阅读理解Got big plans for Friday night? That’s OK, we don’t either.Guess we’ll all have to make do by watching the celestial(天空的) show that will take place that night.First, there will be a full moon. That’s always fun, but this one will be a little more special. It’s known as a “snow moon”. The name es from the fact that the heaviest snows usually fall during February, according to The Old Farmer’s Almanac.But if that’s not special enough, there’s also an eclipse(月食) that night. It’ll be a penumbral lunar eclipse, meaning it’s a partial eclipse that leaves sections of the moon darkened by the earth’s shadow. No, it won’t be as spectacular as those “blood moon” eclipses. It’ll be subtler. The level of darkness it reaches during the eclipse may or may not be apparent；it just depends on where you are when you view it.In North America, the eclipse begins at 5：34 p．m. ET and ends at 9：53 p．m. ET, according to the astronomy website EarthSky. The eclipse will be at its height around 7：44 p．m. ET.If that’s still not enough, let’s throw in a et(彗星) to the night’s festivities.et 45P (it has a much longer name, but we won’t burden you with it here) is visible as it flies by the earth. The et will get within 7.4 million miles of the planet as it makes its closest approach this weekend, according to Universe Today.et 45P will be most visible a couple of hours after the eclipse, so look to the skies again around 3 a．m. ET Saturday and find the greenish­blue light with a tail.And don’t forget, a total big­time solar eclipse will streak across the United States on August 21st.【解题导语】本文是说明文，介绍了星期五晚上将会发生的天文现象。

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of thestars1 课文与语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The earth was just 1 cloud of dust after the “Big Bang”.The earth exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time 2 (produce) many things,which were to make the earth’s atmosphere. As the earth cooled down,water began to appear on 3 (it)surface. It allowed the earth to dissolve 4 (harm)gases. Then life began to develop.Small plants multiplied and 5 (fill) the oceans and seas with oxygen. This encouraged the 6 (develop) of early shellfish and fish. Land animals such as insects,reptiles and dinosaurs appeared after green 7 (plant) appeared. Small clever animals spread all over the earth. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, 8 prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. 9 life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can 10 (solve).1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.2 课文与短文改错根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。