人教新目标八年级英语上册Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation总复习资料

人教新目标八年级英语上册Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation一、词汇学习要求：会读、会默写、记住词义二、语法解析一）一般过去时（一）be动词的一般过去时(was , were )1、Be作为系动词时，后面跟名词、形容词、介词短语、表示地点的副词、动词不定式或动名词作表语，构成“主系表”结构。

be动词的一般过去时(was , were )可以用来介绍过去某人的姓名、年龄、职业、外貌特征、性格、所处位置等。

如：Last year he was a student . He was 17 and he was tall . He was outgoing . He was in Beijing then . 去年他是学生，17岁，个子很高，性格开朗，人在北京。

其中，was是am / is的过去时形式，用于第一人称单数、第三人称单数、名词单数和不可数名词；were是are的过去时形式,用于第一人称复数、第二人称单复数、第三人称复数和名词复数。

2. 句子构成：肯定句：主语+ was /were +表语…否定句：主语+ was /were not +表语…一般疑问句：Ｗas /Ｗere+主语+表语…？二）实义动词的一般过去时1、用法范围：1）谈论过去发生的动作；2）表示过去一段时间内经常反复发生的动作；3）表示在过去某一特定时间发生的几个有顺序的动作；4）谈论逝去的人的事；5）用于since从句中.2、特征：句中常出现明显的表示过去的时间状语，如yesterday, yesterday morning , last year, last spring , last week , last month, last Sunday, ten days ago,in 2012, 等等；或者根据上下文能推断出是过去发生的事。

3. 句子构成：肯定句：主语+实义动词的过去式+…否定句：主语+didn’t+实义动词的原形…一般疑问句：Did+主语+实义动词的原形..?4. 动词过去式的构成：动词过去式分为两类，一类是规则动词，另一类是不规则动词。

规则动词变过去式，一般动词词尾加ed,具体规则如下：1）一般情况下直接在词尾加ed，如：worked, stayed, walked, cleaned, seemed2) 当动词以不发音的e结尾时，只加d，如：liked, lived , moved,3）当动词以“辅音字母+y”结尾时，变y为i，再加ed，如：study studied, worry worried, hurry hurried, cry cried ,4)当动词以“重读闭音节”结尾，且结尾只有一个辅音字母时，要先双写结尾的辅音字母，再加ed，如：stop stopped, shop shopped ,不规则动词的过去式，稍有一点规律，但需要一一记住。

如下：1）原形与过去式一样11个动词：用动词首字母记为：bcchhlpr3s,即：beat beat , cut cut; cost cost;hit hit ; hurt hurt ; let let ;put put ; read read ; shut shut ;set set ; spread spread2)原动词中的i/o/u变成a的10个：begin began ; drink drank ; give gave;ring rang ；sing sang ; sit sat ; swim swam;become became ; come came; run ran;3）用原动词中的首字母或前两三个字母加ought /aught的4+2个：buy bought ; bring brought; fight fought ;think thought; catch caught ; teach taught ;4)尾字母d/l/0变t的4+2+1个：build built; lend lent; send sent ; spend spent;lose lost ; smell smelt/smelled; spell spelt / spelled;5)把原动词中的i/a 变成o的动词7个：drive drove; ride rode ; rise rose ; shine shone ;write wrote; win won ; wake woke6）原动词中的“ea+辅音字母”变成“o +辅音字母+e ”的5个：bear bore; wear wore；break broke ;speak spoke ; steal stole7）结尾加t /ed的动词4个：burn burnt / burned; dream dreamt/ dreamed ;learn learnt / learned; mean meant ;8) ow变ew的动词6个：blow blew ; draw drew ; fly flewgrow grew ; know knew ; throw threw9)双ee去一个，结尾加字母t的3个：feel felt ; keep kept ; sleep slept;10) 双ee去一个，结尾不加字母的3个feed fed ; meet met ; speed sped/ speeded;11)原动词中的i/a变成u的3个：dig dug ; hang hung ; stick stuck ;12) 原动词中的e变成o的2个：get got ; forget forgot ;13)过去式变成oo的5个：take took ; mistake mistook ; shake shook ;stand stood ; understand understood;14)ell变成old的2个：sell sold ; tell told15)把y变i，再加d的3个：lay laid ; pay paid ; say said ;16）其他am/is was ; are were ; choose chose ; do did ;eat ate ; fall fell ; find found ; go went ;have had ; hear heard; hide hid ; hold held ;lead led ; leave left ; lie lay ; light lit/ lighted; make made; see saw ;三）典型考题1. —You haven’t said a word about my new coat. Do you like it?—I’m sorry I ______ anything about it just now. I certainly think it’s pretty on you. (适合)A. wasn’t sayingB. don’t sayC. won’t sayD. didn’t say解析：答案选D。

just now刚才，是一般过去时用语，用一般过去时。

2. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ______nothing.A. saysB. has saidC. didn’t sayD. hasn’t said解析：答案选C。

根据上文I thought知道本句谈论的是过去发生的事，而且只描述过去所发生的情况，没有强调对现在的影响，故用一般过去时。

3. I ______ while watching TV. Then my mother told meto go to bed .A. had fallen asleepB. have fallen asleepC. fell asleepD. fall asleep解析：答案选C。

由上下文可知大意，即：我在看电视的过程中睡着了，然后妈妈就叫我去睡觉了。

只是描述过去某个时间发生的情况，所以用一般过去时。

4、--Tom has gone to Beijing .-- Do you know when he ?A. was leavingB. had leftC. has leftD. left解析：答案选D。

when通常都不与完成时连用，排除B和C；根据上文“Tom has gone to Beijing 汤姆已经去北京了”可以判断，“离开”此地发生在过去某个时间，而且已经离开，A表示“正在离开或将要离开”，与语境不符。

5. I ______ you not to move my dictionary—-now I can’t find it.A. askedB. askC. was askingD. had asked解析：答案选A。

由now可知前句的意思是：我曾经叫你不要搬动我的词典的(你偏不听)。

“叫”是在过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。

6. Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ yesterday.A. was happeningB. happensC. has happenedD. happened解析：答案选D。

根据句中的yesterday可知，要用一般过去时。

７. My cousin went to Canada two yours ago. He ______ there for afew months and then went to America.A. workedB. would workC. would be workingD. has been working解析：答案选A。

句中的三个动作去加拿大、在那儿住了几年、然后去了美国是连续发生的动作，描述三个动作的时态应一致，由于前后两个动作用的都是一般过去时；而且句中时间状语two yours ago 也明确指出了动作发生在过去；所以，中间的“在那儿住了几年”应用一般过去时。

８. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ______ there several years ago.A. are goingB. had beenC. wentD. have been解析：C。

根据句末的several years ago可知，此处应用一般过去时。

９. —Have you known him for a long time?—Yes, since he ______ the club.A. has joinedB. joinsC. had joinedD. joined解析：答案选D。