中华医学教育探索杂志 2020 年12 月第19 卷第12 期Chin J Med Edu Res,December 2020, Vol. 19. No. 12•1465••住院医师规范化培训•外科专业基地住院医师规范化培训入科教育技能教学实践黄利军1唐骁1魏波1邓美海2卫洪波11中山大学附属第三医院胃肠外科,广州510630;2中山大学附属第三医院肝胆外科,广州 510630通信作者:卫洪波,Email:drweihb@【摘要】目的探索外科专业基地住院医师规范化培训入科教育技能教学需注意的问题。
方法对即将进入住院医师规范化培训的外科专业基地医师(简称“人培医师”)行以腹腔镜培训为主的入科教育技能教学。
首先进行腹腔镜基本理论教学,然后行外科基本操作培训以及腹腔镜模拟箱操作培训。
外科基本操作培训包括伤口换药;切开、缝合、打结、剪线;洗手、消毒、铺巾、穿脱手术衣;腹腔镜模拟箱操作培训包括剪纸片、缝合打结。
培训结束后进行理论及操作考核,同时发放并回收调查问卷。
采用SPSS 21.0统计软件进行统计分析,计量资料用f检验,计数资料用卡方检验。
结果56位入培医师均完成培训及考核。
腹腔镜理论考核结果显示人培医师对腹腔镜器械及其使用方式认识不足,正确率仅24.1%;但是对气腹建立及管理、腹腔镜手术适应证及禁忌证、腹腔镜手术优势认识较好,正确率分别为87.5%、93.3%、100%。
外科基本操作考核结果显示入培医师操作完成度合格率高,为89.3%;无菌观念合格率低,为32.1%。
腹腔镜操作考核结果显示相较于培训前,培训后剪纸片及缝合打结用时显著缩短(PcO.OOl),合格率显著提高(P<0.001)。
96.4%的入培医师对入科教育内容及结果满意。
结论短期以腹腔镜培训为主的入科教育可以提升人培医师的腹腔镜技能,但是仍需注意加强培养无菌观念和腹腔镜技能。
【关键词】住院医师规范化培训;入科教育;外科专业基地;腹腔镜【中图分类号】R6基金项目:中山大学医学教育类C A I课题项目(82000-16300009)DOI:10.3760/cm a.j.c n l16021-20191027-00347Skills teaching practice of department-entrance education of standardized residency training insurgery departmentHuang Lijun1, Tang Xiao1, Wei Bo1, Deng Meihai2, Wei Hongbo1'Department o f Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital o f Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510630, China; 2Department o f Hepatobiliary Surgery9The Third Affiliated Hospital o f Sun Yat-senUniversity, Guangzhou 510630, ChinaCorresponding author: Wei Hongbo, Email: ***************【Abstract】Objective To explore the problems that should be noticed in the department-entranceeducation of standardized residency training in surgery department. Methods The residents who wouldenter the standardized residency training in surgery department (referred to as "training residents") weregiven department-entrance education based on laparoscopic training. After teaching of laparoscopic theory,they got basic surgery skills training and laparoscopic surgical box model training. The basic surgery skillstraining included wound dressing change, cutting, stitching, knotting, shearing, hand washing, sterilizingand drape placing, and wearing and taking off surgical gowns. The laparoscopic surgical box model trainingcontained scrip shearing, suturing and knotting. After the training, the residents were evaluated by theoryand skills examination and questionnaire at the same time. SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis, t testfor measurement data, and chi-square test for counting data. Results All 56 residents completed the trainingand examinations. The theory examination showed that the residents had poor knowledge of laparoscopicinstruments and their use methods, with the correct rate only 24.1%. However, they did well in theestablishment and management of pneumoperitoneum, indications and contraindications of laparoscopicsurgery, and advantages of laparoscopic surgery, and the correct rates were 87.5%, 93.3%, 100% respectively.T h e re su lts o f b a sic su rg e ry s k ills sh o w ed a high co rre ct rate o f the re sid e n ts in the operation com pletion(89.3%), b ut low in the a se p tic co n ce p t (32.1%). C o m p ared w ith the p re v io u s re c o rd s b efo re lap a ro sc o p ic tra in in g, th ey m ad e sig n ifica n t im p ro vem en t o f tim e cost in the sc rip sh e a rin g, su tu rin g an d knotting (P< 0.001), and the q u a lifie d rate w as also sig n ific a n tly im p ro ved(P<0.001). A p e rce n t o f 96.4%o f resid en tsw e re sa tisfie d with co n ten ts an d re su lts o f the d e p artm en t-en tran ce ed u catio n. Conclusion T h e sh ort-tem i tra in in g o f d ep a rtm e n t-e n tra n ce e d u c a tio n b a se d on la p a ro sc o p y co u ld e ffe c tiv e ly im prove the la p aro sco p ics k ills o f the train in g re sid e n ts, an d a se p tic c o n ce p t an d la p a ro sc o p ic s k ills n eed fu rth er en h an cem en t.【Key words】S ta n d a rd ize d re sid e n c y train in g; D ep artm en t-en tran ce e d u catio n; S u rg ery d epartm ent; la p a r o s c o p yFund program: C A I P ro jec t o f M e d ica l E d u c a tio n in S u n Y a t-se n U n iv e rsity (82000-16300009)D O I: 10.3760/c m a.j.c n l 16021-20191027-00347自2013年推行住院医师规范化培训制度以来,住院医师培训逐步走上制度化及规范化的道路,为 培养优秀医师奠定了基础对于外科专业基地而言,为顺应微创手术的发展大潮,2018年开始将腹 腔镜培训纳入考核评估指标,对住培培训提出了更 高要求。