目录第1章绪论——上机实验题1解析实验题1.1求素数实验题1.2求一个正整数的各位数字之和实验题1.3求一个字符串是否为回文第2章线性表——上机实验题2解析实验题2.1实现顺序表各种基本运算的算法/*文件名:algo2-1.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#include <malloc.h>#define MaxSize 50typedef char ElemType;typedef struct{ElemType elem[MaxSize];int length;} SqList;void InitList(SqList *&L){L=(SqList *)malloc(sizeof(SqList));L->length=0;}void DestroyList(SqList *L){free(L);}int ListEmpty(SqList *L){return(L->length==0);}int ListLength(SqList *L){return(L->length);}void DispList(SqList *L){int i;if (ListEmpty(L)) return;for (i=0;i<L->length;i++)printf("%c",L->elem[i]);printf("\n");}int GetElem(SqList *L,int i,ElemType &e){if (i<1 || i>L->length)return 0;e=L->elem[i-1];return 1;}int LocateElem(SqList *L, ElemType e){int i=0;while (i<L->length && L->elem[i]!=e) i++;if (i>=L->length)return 0;elsereturn i+1;}int ListInsert(SqList *&L,int i,ElemType e){int j;if (i<1 || i>L->length+1)return 0;i--; /*将顺序表位序转化为elem下标*/for (j=L->length;j>i;j--) /*将elem[i]及后面元素后移一个位置*/L->elem[j]=L->elem[j-1];L->elem[i]=e;L->length++; /*顺序表长度增1*/return 1;}int ListDelete(SqList *&L,int i,ElemType &e){int j;if (i<1 || i>L->length)return 0;i--; /*将顺序表位序转化为elem下标*/e=L->elem[i];for (j=i;j<L->length-1;j++)L->elem[j]=L->elem[j+1];L->length--;return 1;}实验题2.2实现单链表各种基本运算的算法*文件名:algo2-2.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#include <malloc.h>typedef char ElemType;typedef struct LNode /*定义单链表结点类型*/{ElemType data;struct LNode *next;} LinkList;void InitList(LinkList *&L){L=(LinkList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkList)); /*创建头结点*/L->next=NULL;}void DestroyList(LinkList *&L){LinkList *p=L,*q=p->next;while (q!=NULL){free(p);p=q;q=p->next;}free(p);}int ListEmpty(LinkList *L){return(L->next==NULL);}int ListLength(LinkList *L){LinkList *p=L;int i=0;while (p->next!=NULL){i++;p=p->next;}return(i);}void DispList(LinkList *L){LinkList *p=L->next;while (p!=NULL){printf("%c",p->data);p=p->next;}printf("\n");}int GetElem(LinkList *L,int i,ElemType &e) {int j=0;LinkList *p=L;while (j<i && p!=NULL){j++;p=p->next;}if (p==NULL)return 0;else{e=p->data;return 1;}}int LocateElem(LinkList *L,ElemType e){LinkList *p=L->next;int n=1;while (p!=NULL && p->data!=e){p=p->next;n++;}if (p==NULL)return(0);elsereturn(n);}int ListInsert(LinkList *&L,int i,ElemType e)int j=0;LinkList *p=L,*s;while (j<i-1 && p!=NULL){j++;p=p->next;}if (p==NULL) /*未找到第i-1个结点*/return 0;else /*找到第i-1个结点*p*/{s=(LinkList *)malloc(sizeof(LinkList)); /*创建新结点*s*/s->data=e;s->next=p->next; /*将*s插p->next=s;return 1;}}int ListDelete(LinkList *&L,int i,ElemType &e){int j=0;LinkList *p=L,*q;while (j<i-1 && p!=NULL){j++;p=p->next;}if (p==NULL) /*未找到第i-1个结点*/return 0;else /*找到第i-1个结点*p*/{q=p->next; /*q指向要删除的结点*/p->next=q->next; /*从单链表中删除*q结点*/free(q); /*释放*q结点*/return 1;}}第3章栈和队列——上机实验题3解析实验题3.1实现顺序栈各种基本运算的算法*文件名:algo3-1.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#include <malloc.h>#define MaxSize 100typedef char ElemType;typedef struct{ElemType elem[MaxSize];int top; /*栈指针*/} SqStack;void InitStack(SqStack *&s){s=(SqStack *)malloc(sizeof(SqStack));s->top=-1;}void ClearStack(SqStack *&s){free(s);}int StackLength(SqStack *s){return(s->top+1);}int StackEmpty(SqStack *s){return(s->top==-1);}int Push(SqStack *&s,ElemType e){if (s->top==MaxSize-1)return 0;s->top++;s->elem[s->top]=e;return 1;}int Pop(SqStack *&s,ElemType &e){if (s->top==-1)return 0;e=s->elem[s->top];s->top--;return 1;int GetTop(SqStack *s,ElemType &e){if (s->top==-1)return 0;e=s->elem[s->top];return 1;}void DispStack(SqStack *s){int i;for (i=s->top;i>=0;i--)printf("%c ",s->elem[i]);printf("\n");}实验题3.2实现链栈各种基本运算的算法/*文件名:algo3-2.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#include <malloc.h>typedef char ElemType;typedef struct linknode{ElemType data; /*数据域*/struct linknode *next; /*指针域*/} LiStack;void InitStack(LiStack *&s){s=(LiStack *)malloc(sizeof(LiStack));s->next=NULL;}void ClearStack(LiStack *&s){LiStack *p=s->next;while (p!=NULL){free(s);s=p;p=p->next;}}int StackLength(LiStack *s){int i=0;LiStack *p;p=s->next;while (p!=NULL){i++;p=p->next;}return(i);}int StackEmpty(LiStack *s){return(s->next==NULL);}void Push(LiStack *&s,ElemType e){LiStack *p;p=(LiStack *)malloc(sizeof(LiStack));p->data=e;p->next=s->next; /*插入*p结点作为第一个数据结点*/s->next=p;}int Pop(LiStack *&s,ElemType &e){LiStack *p;if (s->next==NULL) /*栈空的情况*/return 0;p=s->next; /*p指向第一个数据结点*/e=p->data;s->next=p->next;free(p);return 1;}int GetTop(LiStack *s,ElemType &e){if (s->next==NULL) /*栈空的情况*/return 0;e=s->next->data;return 1;}void DispStack(LiStack *s){LiStack *p=s->next;while (p!=NULL){printf("%c ",p->data);p=p->next;}printf("\n");}实验题3.3实现顺序队列各种基本运算的算法/*文件名:algo3-3.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#include <malloc.h>#define MaxSize 5typedef char ElemType;typedef struct{ElemType elem[MaxSize];int front,rear; /*队首和队尾指针*/} SqQueue;void InitQueue(SqQueue *&q){q=(SqQueue *)malloc (sizeof(SqQueue));q->front=q->rear=0;}void ClearQueue(SqQueue *&q){free(q);}int QueueEmpty(SqQueue *q){return(q->front==q->rear);}int QueueLength(SqQueue *q){return (q->rear-q->front+MaxSize)%MaxSize; }int enQueue(SqQueue *&q,ElemType e){if ((q->rear+1)%MaxSize==q->front) /*队满*/return 0;q->rear=(q->rear+1)%MaxSize;q->elem[q->rear]=e;return 1;}int deQueue(SqQueue *&q,ElemType &e){if (q->front==q->rear) /*队空*/return 0;q->front=(q->front+1)%MaxSize;e=q->elem[q->front];return 1;}实验题3.4实现链队各种基本运算的算法/*文件名:algo3-4.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#include <malloc.h>typedef char ElemType;typedef struct qnode{ElemType data;struct qnode *next;} QNode;typedef struct{QNode *front;QNode *rear;} LiQueue;void InitQueue(LiQueue *&q){q=(LiQueue *)malloc(sizeof(LiQueue));q->front=q->rear=NULL;}void ClearQueue(LiQueue *&q){QNode *p=q->front,*r;if (p!=NULL) /*释放数据结点占用空间*/{r=p->next;while (r!=NULL){free(p);p=r;r=p->next;}}free(q); /*释放头结点占用空间*/ }int QueueLength(LiQueue *q){int n=0;QNode *p=q->front;while (p!=NULL){n++;p=p->next;}return(n);}int QueueEmpty(LiQueue *q){if (q->rear==NULL)return 1;elsereturn 0;}void enQueue(LiQueue *&q,ElemType e){QNode *s;s=(QNode *)malloc(sizeof(QNode));s->data=e;s->next=NULL;if (q->rear==NULL) /*若链队为空,则新结点是队首结点又是队尾结点*/q->front=q->rear=s;else{q->rear->next=s; /*将*s结点链到队尾,rear指向它*/q->rear=s;}}int deQueue(LiQueue *&q,ElemType &e){QNode *t;if (q->rear==NULL) /*队列为空*/return 0;if (q->front==q->rear) /*队列中只有一个结点时*/{t=q->front;q->front=q->rear=NULL;}else /*队列中有多个结点时*/{t=q->front;q->front=q->front->next;}e=t->data;free(t);return 1;}第4章串——上机实验题4解析实验题4.1实现顺序串各种基本运算的算法/*文件名:algo4-1.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#define MaxSize 100 /*最多的字符个数*/typedef struct{ char ch[MaxSize]; /*定义可容纳MaxSize个字符的空间*/ int len; /*标记当前实际串长*/} SqString;void StrAssign(SqString &str,char cstr[]) /*str为引用型参数*/ {int i;for (i=0;cstr[i]!='\0';i++)str.ch[i]=cstr[i];str.len=i;}void StrCopy(SqString &s,SqString t) /*s为引用型参数*/ {int i;for (i=0;i<t.len;i++)s.ch[i]=t.ch[i];s.len=t.len;}int StrEqual(SqString s,SqString t){int same=1,i;if (s.len!=t.len) /*长度不相等时返回0*/same=0;else{for (i=0;i<s.len;i++)if (s.ch[i]!=t.ch[i]) /*有一个对应字符不相同时返回0*/same=0;}return same;}int StrLength(SqString s){return s.len;}SqString Concat(SqString s,SqString t){SqString str;int i;str.len=s.len+t.len;for (i=0;i<s.len;i++) /*将s.ch[0]～s.ch[s.len-1]复制到str*/ str.ch[i]=s.ch[i];for (i=0;i<t.len;i++) /*将t.ch[0]～t.ch[t.len-1]复制到str*/ str.ch[s.len+i]=t.ch[i];return str;}SqString SubStr(SqString s,int i,int j){SqString str;int k;str.len=0;if (i<=0 || i>s.len || j<0 || i+j-1>s.len){printf("参数不正确\n");return str; /*参数不正确时返回空串*/}for (k=i-1;k<i+j-1;k++) /*将s.ch[i]～s.ch[i+j]复制到str*/str.ch[k-i+1]=s.ch[k];str.len=j;return str;}SqString InsStr(SqString s1,int i,SqString s2){int j;SqString str;str.len=0;if (i<=0 || i>s1.len+1) /*参数不正确时返回空串*/{printf("参数不正确\n");return s1;}for (j=0;j<i-1;j++) /*将s1.ch[0]～s1.ch[i-2]复制到str*/str.ch[j]=s1.ch[j];for (j=0;j<s2.len;j++) /*将s2.ch[0]～s2.ch[s2.len-1]复制到str*/str.ch[i+j-1]=s2.ch[j];for (j=i-1;j<s1.len;j++) /*将s1.ch[i-1]～s.ch[s1.len-1]复制到str*/str.ch[s2.len+j]=s1.ch[j];str.len=s1.len+s2.len;return str;}SqString DelStr(SqString s,int i,int j){int k;SqString str;str.len=0;if (i<=0 || i>s.len || i+j>s.len+1) /*参数不正确时返回空串*/{printf("参数不正确\n");return str;}for (k=0;k<i-1;k++) /*将s.ch[0]～s.ch[i-2]复制到str*/str.ch[k]=s.ch[k];for (k=i+j-1;k<s.len;k++)/*将s.ch[i+j-1]～ch[s.len-1]复制到str*/ str.ch[k-j]=s.ch[k];str.len=s.len-j;return str;}SqString RepStr(SqString s,int i,int j,SqString t){int k;SqString str;str.len=0;if (i<=0 || i>s.len || i+j-1>s.len) /*参数不正确时返回空串*/ {printf("参数不正确\n");return str;}for (k=0;k<i-1;k++) /*将s.ch[0]～s.ch[i-2]复制到str*/str.ch[k]=s.ch[k];for (k=0;k<t.len;k++) /*将t.ch[0]～t.ch[t.len-1]复制到str*/str.ch[i+k-1]=t.ch[k];for (k=i+j-1;k<s.len;k++) /*将s.ch[i+j-1]～ch[s.len-1]复制到str*/str.ch[t.len+k-j]=s.ch[k];str.len=s.len-j+t.len;return str;}void DispStr(SqString str){int i;if (str.len>0){for (i=0;i<str.len;i++)printf("%c",str.ch[i]);printf("\n");}}实验题4.2实现链串各种基本运算的算法*文件名:algo4-2.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#include <malloc.h>typedef struct snode{char data;struct snode *next;} LiString;void StrAssign(LiString *&s,char t[]){int i;LiString *r,*p;s=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));s->next=NULL;r=s;for (i=0;t[i]!='\0';i++){p=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));p->data=t[i];p->next=NULL;r->next=p;r=p;}}void StrCopy(LiString *&s,LiString *t){LiString *p=t->next,*q,*r;s=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));s->next=NULL;s->next=NULL;r=s;while (p!=NULL) /*将t的所有结点复制到s*/{q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p=p->next;}}int StrEqual(LiString *s,LiString *t){LiString *p=s->next,*q=t->next;while (p!=NULL && q!=NULL && p->data==q->data){p=p->next;q=q->next;}if (p==NULL && q==NULL)return 1;elsereturn 0;}int StrLength(LiString *s){int i=0;LiString *p=s->next;while (p!=NULL){i++;p=p->next;}return i;}LiString *Concat(LiString *s,LiString *t){LiString *str,*p=s->next,*q,*r;str=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));str->next=NULL;r=str;while (p!=NULL) /*将s的所有结点复制到str*/ {q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p=p->next;}p=t->next;while (p!=NULL) /*将t的所有结点复制到str*/ {q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p=p->next;}return str;}LiString *SubStr(LiString *s,int i,int j){int k;LiString *str,*p=s->next,*q,*r;str=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));str->next=NULL;r=str;if (i<=0 || i>StrLength(s) || j<0 || i+j-1>StrLength(s)) {printf("参数不正确\n");return str; /*参数不正确时返回空串*/ }for (k=0;k<i-1;k++)p=p->next;for (k=1;k<=j;k++) /*将s的第i个结点开始的j个结点复制到str*/{q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p=p->next;}return str;}LiString *InsStr(LiString *s,int i,LiString *t){int k;LiString *str,*p=s->next,*p1=t->next,*q,*r;str=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));str->next=NULL;r=str;if (i<=0 || i>StrLength(s)+1) /*参数不正确时返回空串*/{printf("参数不正确\n");return str;}for (k=1;k<i;k++) /*将s的前i个结点复制到str*/{q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p=p->next;}while (p1!=NULL) /*将t的所有结点复制到str*/ {q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p1->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p1=p1->next;}while (p!=NULL) /*将*p及其后的结点复制到str*/ {q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p=p->next;}return str;}LiString *DelStr(LiString *s,int i,int j){int k;LiString *str,*p=s->next,*q,*r;str=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));str->next=NULL;r=str;if (i<=0 || i>StrLength(s) || j<0 || i+j-1>StrLength(s)) {printf("参数不正确\n");return str; /*参数不正确时返回空串*/ }for (k=0;k<i-1;k++) /*将s的前i-1个结点复制到str*/{q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p=p->next;}for (k=0;k<j;k++) /*让p沿next跳j个结点*/p=p->next;while (p!=NULL) /*将*p及其后的结点复制到str*/{q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p=p->next;}return str;}LiString *RepStr(LiString *s,int i,int j,LiString *t){int k;LiString *str,*p=s->next,*p1=t->next,*q,*r;str=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));str->next=NULL;r=str;if (i<=0 || i>StrLength(s) || j<0 || i+j-1>StrLength(s)) {printf("参数不正确\n");return str; /*参数不正确时返回空串*/ }for (k=0;k<i-1;k++) /*将s的前i-1个结点复制到str*/{q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p=p->next;}for (k=0;k<j;k++) /*让p沿next跳j个结点*/p=p->next;while (p1!=NULL) /*将t的所有结点复制到str*/{q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p1->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p1=p1->next;}while (p!=NULL) /*将*p及其后的结点复制到str*/{q=(LiString *)malloc(sizeof(LiString));q->data=p->data;q->next=NULL;r->next=q;r=q;p=p->next;}return str;}void DispStr(LiString *s){LiString *p=s->next;while (p!=NULL){printf("%c",p->data);p=p->next;}printf("\n");}第5章数组和稀疏矩阵——上机实验题5解析实验题5.1求5×5阶螺旋方阵/*文件名:exp5-1.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#define MaxLen 10void fun(int a[MaxLen][MaxLen],int n){int i,j,k=0,m;if (n%2==0) //m=én/2ùm=n/2;elsem=n/2+1;for (i=0;i<m;i++){for (j=i;j<n-i;j++){k++;a[i][j]=k;}for (j=i+1;j<n-i;j++){k++;a[j][n-i-1]=k;}for (j=n-i-2;j>=i;j--){k++;a[n-i-1][j]=k;}for (j=n-i-2;j>=i+1;j--){k++;a[j][i]=k;}}}void main(){int n,i,j;int a[MaxLen][MaxLen];printf("\n");printf("输入n(n<10):");scanf("%d",&n);fun(a,n);printf("%d阶数字方阵如下:\n",n);for (i=0;i<n;i++){for (j=0;j<n;j++)printf("%4d",a[i][j]);printf("\n");}printf("\n");}实验题5.2求一个矩阵的马鞍点/*文件名:exp5-2.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#define M 4#define N 4void MinMax(int A[M][N]){int i,j,have=0;int min[M],max[N];for (i=0;i<M;i++) /*计算出每行的最小值元素,放入min[0..M-1]之中*/{min[i]=A[i][0];for (j=1;j<N;j++)if (A[i][j]<min[i])min[i]=A[i][j];}for (j=0;j<N;j++) /*计算出每列的最大值元素,放入max[0..N-1]之中*/{max[j]=A[0][j];for (i=1;i<M;i++)if (A[i][j]>max[j])max[j]=A[i][j];}for (i=0;i<M;i++)for (j=0;j<N;j++)if (min[i]==max[j]){printf(" A[%d,%d]=%d\n",i,j,A[i][j]); /*显示马鞍点*/have=1;}if (!have)printf("没有鞍点\n");}void main(){int i,j;int A[M][N]={{9, 7, 6, 8},{20,26,22,25},{28,36,25,30},{12,4, 2, 6}};printf("A矩阵:\n");for (i=0;i<M;i++){for (j=0;j<N;j++)printf("%4d",A[i][j]);printf("\n");}printf("A矩阵中的马鞍点:\n");MinMax(A); /*调用MinMax()找马鞍点*/}实验题5.3求两个对称矩阵之和与乘积/*文件名:exp5-3.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#define n 4#define m 10int value(int a[],int i,int j){if (i>=j)return a[(i*(i-1))/2+j];elsereturn a[(j*(j-1))/2+i];}void madd(int a[],int b[],int c[n][n]){int i,j;for (i=0;i<n;i++)for (j=0;j<n;j++)c[i][j]=value(a,i,j)+value(b,i,j);}void mult(int a[],int b[],int c[n][n]){int i,j,k,s;for (i=0;i<n;i++)for (j=0;j<n;j++){s=0;for (k=0;k<n;k++)s=s+value(a,i,k)*value(b,k,j); c[i][j]=s;}}void disp1(int a[]){int i,j;for (i=0;i<n;i++){for (j=0;j<n;j++)printf("%4d",value(a,i,j));printf("\n");}}void disp2(int c[n][n]){int i,j;for (i=0;i<n;i++){for (j=0;j<n;j++)printf("%4d",c[i][j]);printf("\n");}}void main(){int a[m]={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};int b[m]={1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1};int c1[n][n],c2[n][n];madd(a,b,c1);mult(a,b,c2);printf("\n");printf("a矩阵:\n");disp1(a);printf("b矩阵:\n");disp1(b);printf("a+b:\n");disp2(c1);printf("a*b:\n");disp2(c2);printf("\n");}实验题5.4实现稀疏矩阵（采用三元组表示）的基本运算/*文件名:exp5-4.cpp*/#include <stdio.h>#define N 4typedef int ElemType;#define MaxSize 100 /*矩阵中非零元素最多个数*/ typedef struct{ int r; /*行号*/int c; /*列号*/ElemType d; /*元素值*/} TupNode; /*三元组定义*/typedef struct{ int rows; /*行数值*/int cols; /*列数值*/int nums; /*非零元素个数*/TupNode data[MaxSize];} TSMatrix; /*三元组顺序表定义*/void CreatMat(TSMatrix &t,ElemType A[N][N]){int i,j;t.rows=N;t.cols=N;t.nums=0;for (i=0;i<N;i++){for (j=0;j<N;j++)if (A[i][j]!=0){t.data[t.nums].r=i;t.data[t.nums].c=j;t.data[t.nums].d=A[i][j];t.nums++;}}}void DispMat(TSMatrix t){int i;if (t.nums<=0)return;printf("\t%d\t%d\t%d\n",t.rows,t.cols,t.nums);printf("\t------------------\n");for (i=0;i<t.nums;i++)printf("\t%d\t%d\t%d\n",t.data[i].r,t.data[i].c,t.data[i].d); }void TranMat(TSMatrix t,TSMatrix &tb){int p,q=0,v; /*q为tb.data的下标*/tb.rows=t.cols;tb.cols=t.rows;tb.nums=t.nums;if (t.nums!=0){for (v=0;v<t.cols;v++) /*tb.data[q]中的记录以c 域的次序排列*/for (p=0;p<t.nums;p++) /*p为t.data的下标*/if (t.data[p].c==v){tb.data[q].r=t.data[p].c;tb.data[q].c=t.data[p].r;tb.data[q].d=t.data[p].d;q++;}}}int MatAdd(TSMatrix a,TSMatrix b,TSMatrix &c){int i=0,j=0,k=0;ElemType v;if (a.rows!=b.rows || a.cols!=b.cols)return 0; /*行数或列数不等时不能进行相加运算*/c.rows=a.rows;c.cols=a.cols; /*c的行列数与a的相同*/while (i<a.nums && j<b.nums) /*处理a和b中的每个元素*/{if (a.data[i].r==b.data[j].r) /*行号相等时*/{if(a.data[i].c<b.data[j].c) /*a元素的列号小于b 元素的列号*/{c.data[k].r=a.data[i].r;/*将a元素添加到c中*/c.data[k].c=a.data[i].c;c.data[k].d=a.data[i].d;k++;i++;}else if (a.data[i].c>b.data[j].c)/*a元素的列号大于b元素的列号*/{c.data[k].r=b.data[j].r; /*将b元素添加到c中*/c.data[k].c=b.data[j].c;c.data[k].d=b.data[j].d;k++;j++;}else /*a元素的列号等于b元素的列号*/{v=a.data[i].d+b.data[j].d;if (v!=0) /*只将不为0的结果添加到c中*/{c.data[k].r=a.data[i].r;c.data[k].c=a.data[i].c;c.data[k].d=v;k++;}i++;j++;}}else if (a.data[i].r<b.data[j].r) /*a元素的行号小于b元素的行号*/{c.data[k].r=a.data[i].r; /*将a元素添加到c中*/c.data[k].c=a.data[i].c;c.data[k].d=a.data[i].d;k++;i++;}else /*a元素的行号大于b元素的行号*/{c.data[k].r=b.data[j].r; /*将b元素添加到c中*/c.data[k].c=b.data[j].c;c.data[k].d=b.data[j].d;k++;j++;}c.nums=k;}return 1;}int value(TSMatrix c,int i,int j){int k=0;while (k<c.nums && (c.data[k].r!=i || c.data[k].c!=j))k++;if (k<c.nums)return(c.data[k].d);elsereturn(0);}int MatMul(TSMatrix a,TSMatrix b,TSMatrix &c){int i,j,k,p=0;ElemType s;if (a.cols!=b.rows) /*a的列数不等于b的行数时不能进行相乘运算*/return 0;for (i=0;i<a.rows;i++)for (j=0;j<b.cols;j++){s=0;for (k=0;k<a.cols;k++)s=s+value(a,i,k)*value(b,k,j);if (s!=0) /*产生一个三元组元素*/{c.data[p].r=i;c.data[p].c=j;c.data[p].d=s;p++;}}c.rows=a.rows;c.cols=b.cols;c.nums=p;return 1;}void main(){ElemType a1[N][N]={{1,0,3,0},{0,1,0,0},{0,0,1,0},{0,0,1,1}};ElemType b1[N][N]={{3,0,0,0},{0,4,0,0},{0,0,1,0},{0,0,0,2}};TSMatrix a,b,c;CreatMat(a,a1);CreatMat(b,b1);printf("a的三元组:\n");DispMat(a);printf("b的三元组:\n");DispMat(b);printf("a转置为c\n");TranMat(a,c);printf("c的三元组:\n");DispMat(c);printf("c=a+b\n");MatAdd(a,b,c);printf("c的三元组:\n");DispMat(c);printf("c=a*b\n");MatMul(a,b,c);printf("c的三元组:\n");DispMat(c);}实验题5.5实现广义表的基本运算#include <stdio.h>#include <malloc.h>typedef char ElemType;typedef struct lnode{ int tag; /*结点类型标识*/ union{ElemType data;struct lnode *sublist;}val;struct lnode *link; /*指向下一个元素*/} GLNode;extern GLNode *CreatGL(char *&s);extern void DispGL(GLNode *g);void Change(GLNode *&g,ElemType s,ElemType t) /*将广义表g中所有原子s 替换成t*/{if (g!=NULL){if (g->tag==1) /*子表的情况*/Change(g->val.sublist,s,t);else if (g->val.data==s) /*原子且data域值为s的情况*/g->val.data=t;Change(g->link,s,t);}}void Reverse(GLNode *&g) /*将广义表g所有元素逆置*/{GLNode *p,*q,*t;t=NULL;if (g!=NULL){p=g;while (p!=NULL) /*将同级的兄弟逆置*/{q=p->link;if (t==NULL){t=p;p->link=NULL;}else{p->link=t;t=p;}p=q;}g=t;p=g;while (p!=NULL){if (p->tag==1)Reverse(p->val.sublist);p=p->link;}}}int Same(GLNode *g1,GLNode *g2) /*判断两个广义表是否相同*/ {int s;if (g1==NULL && g2==NULL) /*均为NULL的情况*/return 1;else if ((g1==NULL && g2!=NULL) || (g1!=NULL && g2==NULL)) /*一个为NULL,另一不为NULL的情况*/return 0;else{s=1;while (g1!=NULL && g2!=NULL && s==1){if (g1->tag==1 && g2->tag==1)/*均为子表的情况*/s=Same(g1->val.sublist,g2->val.sublist);else if (g1->tag==0 && g2->tag==0)/*均为原子的情况*/{if (g1->val.data!=g2->val.data)s=0;}else /*一个为原子,另一为子表的情况*/s=0;g1=g1->link;g2=g2->link;}if (g1!=NULL || g2!=NULL) /*有一个子表尚未比较完时*/s=0;return s;}}ElemType MaxAtom(GLNode *g) /*求广义表g中最大的原子*/{ElemType m=0,m1; /*m赋初值0*/while (g!=NULL){if (g->tag==1) /*子表的情况*/{m1=MaxAtom(g->val.sublist); /*对子表递归调用*/if (m1>m) m=m1;}else{if (g->val.data>m) /*为原子时,进行原子比较*/m=g->val.data;}g=g->link;}return m;}void DelAtom(GLNode *&g,ElemType x) /*删除广义表g中的第一个为x原子*/{GLNode *p=g,*q,*pre;while (p!=NULL){q=p->link;if (p->tag==1) /*子表的情况*/DelAtom(p->val.sublist,x); /*对子表递归调用*/else{if (p->val.data==x) /*为原子时,进行原子比较*/{if (p==g)/*被删结点是本层的第1个结点*/{g=q;free(p); /*释放结pre=g;}else /*被删结{pre->link=q;free(p);}return;}}pre=p;p=q;}}void DelAtomAll(GLNode *&g,ElemType x) /*删除广义表g中的所有为x原子*/{GLNode *p=g,*q,*pre;while (p!=NULL){q=p->link;if (p->tag==1) /*子表的情况*/DelAtomAll(p->val.sublist,x); /*对子表递归调用*/else{if (p->val.data==x) /*为原子时,进行原子比较*/if (p==g)/*被删结点是本层的第1个结点*/{g=q;free(p); /*释放结pre=g;}else /*被删结{pre->link=q;free(p);}}pre=p;p=q;}}void PreOrder(GLNode *g) /*采用先根遍历g*/{if (g!=NULL){if (g->tag==0) /*为原子结点时*/printf("%c ",g->val.data);elsePreOrder(g->val.sublist); /*为子表时*/ PreOrder(g->link);}}void main(){GLNode *g1,*g2,*g3,*g4;char *str1="(a,(a),((a,b)),((a)),a)";char *str2="(a,(b),((c,d)),((e)),f)";char *str3="(a,(a,b),(a,b,c)))";char *str4="(a,(b),((c,d)),((e)),f)";g1=CreatGL(str1);printf("\n");printf(" 广义表g1:");DispGL(g1);printf("\n");printf(" 将广义表g1中所有'a'改为'b'\n");Change(g1,'a','b');printf(" 广义表g1:");DispGL(g1);printf("\n\n");g2=CreatGL(str2);printf(" 广义表g2:");DispGL(g2);printf("\n");printf(" 广义表g2中最大原子:%c\n",MaxAtom(g2));printf(" 将g2的元素逆置\n");Reverse(g2);printf(" 广义表g2:");DispGL(g2);printf("\n\n");printf(" 广义表g1和g2%s\n\n",(Same(g1,g2)?"相同":"不相同"));g3=CreatGL(str3);printf(" 广义表g3:");DispGL(g3);printf("\n");printf(" 删除广义表g3的第一个为'a'的原子\n");DelAtom(g3,'a');printf(" 广义表g3:");DispGL(g3);printf("\n\n");printf(" 删除广义表g3中的所有'a'原子\n");DelAtomAll(g3,'a');printf(" 广义表g3:");DispGL(g3);printf("\n\n");g4=CreatGL(str4);printf(" 广义表g4:");DispGL(g4);printf("\n");printf(" 采用先根遍历g4的结果:");PreOrder(g4);printf("\n\n");}。
