牛津词典2014年度新词出炉

牛津初阶英汉双解词典词汇表牛津初阶英汉双解词典是一本非常实用的工具书，它以较为简明的方式收录了大量的词汇，并提供了词语的中英文释义。

以下是根据牛津初阶英汉双解词典的词汇表按照列表划分好的一些内容。

1. 英汉双解词汇表（A-C）abandon vt. 遗弃，放弃；放纵ability n. 能力；才干（the capacity to do something）abroad adv. 在国外；到国外absence n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席；不在场absolute adj. 完全的，绝对的abundant adj. 大量的，充足的accept vt. 接受，同意（to receive or agree to something）access n. 接近；入口；通道accident n. 事故；意外；碰撞accurate adj. 准确的；精确的ache n. 疼痛（a continuous dull pain）achieve vt. 实现；取得acknowledge vt. 承认；认可2. 英汉双解词汇表（D-F）damp adj. 潮湿的，有湿气的danger n. 危险（the possibility of harm or death）dare v. 敢，敢于（to have courage to do something）dazzling adj. 耀眼的，灿烂的debate n. 辩论，讨论；争论decay v. 腐烂；衰退（to rot or decompose）deceive v. 欺骗，蒙蔽（to make someone believe something that is not true）declare v. 宣布，声明（to formally or officially say something） decorate v. 装饰，装潢（to make something look more attractive） decrease v. 减少，降低（to become less or make something become less）defend v. 保护；辩护（to protect someone or something from harm）define v. 定义；解释（to explain or state the meaning of something）3. 英汉双解词汇表（G-K）gain n. 收益，利润；增加（an increase or improvement in something）gallery n. 画廊；美术馆gap n. 缺口；间隙；差距gather v. 聚集；收集（to come together or bring together）generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的genuine adj. 真实的；真正的；诚恳的gesture n. 姿势；手势（a movement of the body or hand to express a feeling or idea）glare v. 瞪视；发出强光（to look at someone in an angry way） grasp v. 抓住；领会（to take hold of something firmly）habit n. 习惯；习性（a behavior that you do often and regularly） halt v. 停止，停下（to stop moving or happening）harmony n. 和谐；协调（a situation in which people are peaceful and agree with each other）4. 英汉双解词汇表（L-O）label n. 标签；标记（a small piece of paper or cloth that is attached to something）lack v. 缺乏，没有（to not have something that you need or want）landing n. 降落；落地（the action of an aircraft touching the ground）lap n. 膝部；圈（the top part of your legs when you are sitting down）layer n. 层；面（a level of material, such as a type of rock or gas, that is different from the ones above and below it）leisure n. 休闲，闲暇（the time when you are not working or doing other duties）lend v. 借给，贷（to give someone money or something that belongs to you for a short time）level n. 水平，水准（the amount or degree of something, especially when this is considered to be average）loop n. 环；圈（a curved shape that has the ends joined together and every part is the same distance from the centre）loss n. 丧失，损失（the state of no longer having something or of having less of it than before）loyal adj. 忠诚的，忠心的（remaining faithful to a person, a country, an idea, etc.）5. 英汉双解词汇表（P-S）panic n. 恐慌，惊慌（a strong feeling of fear or anxiety that makes you unable to think clearly）paradise n. 天堂；乐土（a state or place of great happiness where everything is exactly as you would like it to be）participate v. 参与，参加（to take part in or become involved in an activity）patient adj. 耐心的；有耐性的（able to stay calm and not get annoyed, especially when something takes a long time）pause n. 暂停，停顿（a temporary stop in a process）peak n. 顶峰；山峰（the pointed top of a mountain）permit v. 允许，准许（to allow something to happen or someone to do something）phrase n. 短语，词组（a small group of words that expresses a particular mood or meaning）pleasant adj. 愉快的；令人愉悦的（nice, enjoyable, or attractive） plentiful adj. 丰富的，充足的（existing in large numbers or amounts）polite adj. 有礼貌的，客气的（behaving towards others in a pleasant and respectful way）possess v. 拥有；具备（to have or own something）6. 英汉双解词汇表（T-Z）talent n. 才能，天赋（a natural ability to do something well）tax n. 税（an amount of money that you must pay to the government）temper n. 脾气（the tendency to become angry very quickly）tension n. 紧张，张力（a feeling of nervousness before an important or difficult event）thorough adj. 彻底的，全面的（including everything that is important）thrill n. 激动；震颤（a strong feeling of excitement or pleasure） tidy adj. 整洁的，整齐的（neat and in order）tight adj. 紧的，牢固的（fitting very closely or tightly and not easily moved）translate v. 翻译（to change words into a different language）trap v. 困住；陷入（to catch an animal in a trap）treasure n. 珍宝；宝藏（a collection of valuable things）triumph n. 胜利，凯旋（a great success or achievement）以上是根据牛津初阶英汉双解词典的词汇表按照列表划分好的一些内容。

走进英语世界的中文词汇作者：刘石磊来源：《初中生世界·八年级读写版》2014年第05期“土豪，我们做朋友吧！”这句话无疑已成为2013年中国网民最热捧的网络流行语之一，也给“土豪”赋予了新的含义。

《牛津汉英词典》编著者正在考虑将“土豪”的新含义收入其中，甚至有可能在更长一段时间的观察和考虑后，进一步将其收入《牛津英语词典》。

的确，近年来像“土豪”一样引起英语世界关注的中文词语越来越多，国际主流越来越关心“中国怎么说”。

“很感兴趣”牛津大学出版社双语词典项目主管朱莉·克利曼日前在接受采访时表示：“我们对于当前在中国社会引起反响的词语十分感兴趣，而这些词往往也能在国际上引发广泛的讨论……我们将首先考虑把‘土豪’一词的新含义收入《牛津汉英词典》，收入《牛津英语词典》则需要更长时间的观察。

”作为连续10年负责英汉双语词典编纂的资深专家，克利曼表示，近年来中文词汇的影响力正在扩大，英语世界对于中文词汇的关注程度也在不断提高。

“今年（2013年）9月，‘大妈’一词也曾引起我们的关注。

”克利曼举例说，“这一词语的新含义及其影响也值得我们进行更长时间的观察。

”2013年上半年国际金价下跌期间，许多“中国大妈”出手抢购，甚至成为影响全球黄金市场的一支重要力量。

这一现象引发外界广泛关注，美国《华尔街日报》的视频新闻播报中，甚至直接用了“Dama”一词。

据克利曼介绍，要将这些词语收入词典，首先需要考虑它们的使用频率、普及程度。

除此之外，翻译后的词语能否达到原有词语的效果，也是一大考虑因素。

比如“土豪”一词，如果翻译成英文，可能很难完全体现其双关性及俏皮的语气，所以直接把“Tuhao”收入词典可能更加合适。

而针对中文词汇，尤其是中文流行词逐渐增多的现象，克利曼认为，这与中国在全球影响力的不断提升紧密相关，并且未来还会有越来越多的中文流行词进入牛津词典。

不过克利曼也指出：“这些词语能否在英语世界发挥像它们在汉语中那样的影响力，这还有待观察。

The Oxford 3000 wordlist▪a, an indefinite article ▪abandon v.▪abandoned adj.▪ability n.▪able adj.▪unable adj.▪about adv.,prep.▪above prep.,adv.▪abroad adv.▪absence n.▪absent adj.▪absolute adj.▪absolutely adv.▪absorb v.▪abuse n.,v.▪academic adj.▪accent n.▪accept v.▪acceptable adj.▪unacceptable adj.▪access n.▪accident n.▪by accident▪accidental adj.▪accidentally adv.▪accommodation n.▪accompany v.▪according to prep.▪account n.,v.▪accurate adj.▪accurately adv.▪accuse v.▪achieve v.▪achievement n.▪acid n.▪acknowledge v.▪acquire v.▪across adv.,prep.▪act n.,v.▪action n.▪take action▪active adj.▪actively adv.▪activity n.▪actor, actress n.▪actual adj.▪actually adv.▪ad advertisement▪adapt v.▪add v.▪addition n.▪in addition (to)▪additional adj.▪address n.,v.▪adequate adj.▪adequately adv.▪adjust v.▪admiration n.▪admire v.▪admit v.▪adopt v.▪adult n.,adj.▪advance n.,v.▪advanced adj.▪in advance▪advantage n.▪take advantage of▪adventure n.▪advertise v.▪advertising n.▪advertisement (also ad, advert) n.▪advice n.▪advise v.▪affair n.▪affect v.▪affection n.▪afford v.▪afraid adj.▪after prep.,conj.,adv.▪afternoon n.▪afterwards (especially BrE; NAmE usually afterward) adv.▪again adv.▪against prep.▪age n.▪aged adj.▪agency n.▪agent n.▪aggressive adj.▪ago adv.▪agree v.▪agreement n.▪ahead adv.▪aid n.,v.▪aim n.,v.▪air n.▪aircraft n.▪airport n.▪alarm n.,v.▪alarming adj.▪alarmed adj.▪alcohol n.▪alcoholic adj., n.▪alive adj.▪all det.,pron.,adv.▪allow v.▪all right adj.,adv.,exclamation▪ally n., v.▪allied adj.▪almost adv.▪alone adj.,adv.▪along prep.,adv.▪alongside prep.,adv.▪aloud adv.▪alphabet n.▪alphabetical adj.▪alphabetically adv.▪already adv.▪also adv.▪alter v.▪alternative n.,adj.▪alternatively adv.▪although conj.▪altogether adv.▪always adv.▪ a.m. (NAmE also A.M.) abbr.▪amaze v.▪amazing adj.▪amazed adj.▪ambition n.▪ambulance n.▪among (also amongst) prep.▪amount n., v.▪amuse v.▪amusing adj.▪amused adj.▪an a, an▪analyse (BrE) (NAmE analyze) v.▪analysis n.▪ancient adj.▪and conj.▪anger n.▪angle n.▪angry adj.▪angrily adv.▪animal n.▪ankle n.▪anniversary n.▪announce v.▪annoy v.▪annoying adj.▪annoyed adj.▪annual adj.▪annually adv.▪another det.,pron.▪answer n.,v.▪anti- prefix▪anticipate v.▪anxiety n.▪anxious adj.▪anxiously adv.▪any det.,pron.,adv.▪anyone (also anybody) pron.▪anything pron.▪anyway adv.▪anywhere adv.▪apart adv.▪apart from (also aside from especially in NAmE) prep.▪apartment n. (especially NAmE)▪apologize (BrE also -ise) v.▪apparent adj.▪apparently adv.▪appeal n.,v.▪appear v.▪appearance n.▪apple n.▪application n.▪apply v.▪appoint v.▪appointment n.▪appreciate v.▪approach v.,n.▪appropriate adj.▪approval n.▪approve (of) v.▪approving adj.▪approximate adj.▪approximately adv.▪April n. (abbr. Apr.)▪area n.▪argue v.▪argument n.▪arise v.▪arm n.,v.▪arms n.▪armed adj.▪army n.▪around adv.,prep.▪arrange v.▪arrangement n.▪arrest v.,n.▪arrival n.▪arrive v.▪arrow n.▪art n.▪article n.▪artificial adj.▪artificially adv.▪artist n.▪artistic adj.▪as prep.,adv.,conj.▪ashamed adj.▪aside adv.▪aside from apart from ▪ask v.▪asleep adj.▪fall asleep▪aspect n.▪assist v.▪assistance n.▪assistant n.,adj.▪associate v.▪associated with▪association n.▪assume v.▪assure v.▪at prep.▪atmosphere n.▪atom n.▪attach v.▪attached adj.▪attack n.,v.▪attempt n.,v.▪attempted adj.▪attend v.▪attention n.▪pay attention▪attitude n.▪attorney n. (especially NAmE)▪attract v.▪attraction n.▪attractive adj.▪audience n.▪August n. (abbr. Aug.)▪aunt n.▪author n.▪authority n.▪automatic adj.▪automatically adv.▪autumn n. (especially BrE)▪available adj.▪average adj.,n.▪avoid v.▪awake adj.▪award n.,v.▪aware adj.▪away adv.▪awful adj.▪awfully adv.▪awkward adj.▪awkwardly adv.▪baby n.▪back n.,adj.,adv.,v.▪background n.▪backwards (also backward especially in NAmE) adv.▪backward adj.▪bacteria n.▪bad adj.▪go bad▪badly adv.▪bad-tempered adj.▪bag n.▪baggage n. (especially NAmE)▪bake v.▪balance n.,v.▪ball n.▪ban v.,n.▪band n.▪bandage n., v.▪bank n.▪bar n.▪bargain n.▪barrier n.▪base n.,v.▪based on▪basic adj.▪basically adv.▪basis n.▪bath n.▪bathroom n.▪battery n.▪battle n.▪bay n.▪be v.,auxiliary v.▪beach n.▪beak n.▪bear v.▪beard n.▪beat n.,v.▪beautiful adj.▪beautifully adv.▪beauty n.▪because conj.▪because of prep.▪become v.▪bed n.▪bedroom n.▪beef n.▪beer n.▪before prep.,conj.,adv.▪begin v.▪beginning n.▪behalf n.: on behalf of sb, on sb’s behalf (BrE) (NAmE in behalf of sb, in sb’s behalf)▪behave v.▪behaviour (BrE) (NAmE behavior) n.▪behind prep.,adv.▪belief n.▪believe v.▪bell n.▪belong v.▪below prep.,adv.▪belt n.▪bend v.,n.▪bent adj.▪beneath prep.,adv.▪benefit n.,v.▪beside prep.▪bet v.,n.▪betting n.▪better, best good, well▪between prep.,adv.▪beyond prep.,adv.▪bicycle (also bike) n.▪bid v.,n.▪big adj.▪bill n.▪bin n. (BrE)▪biology n.▪bird n.▪birth n.▪give birth (to)▪birthday n.▪biscuit n. (BrE)▪bit n. (especially BrE)▪ a bit▪bite v.,n.▪bitter adj.▪bitterly adv.▪black adj.,n.▪blade n.▪blame v.,n.▪blank adj., n.▪blankly adv.▪blind adj.▪block n.,v.▪blonde adj., n., blond adj.▪blood n.▪blow v.,n.▪blue adj.,n.▪board n., v.▪on board▪boat n.▪body n.▪boil v.▪bomb n.,v.▪bone n.▪book n.,v.▪boot n.▪border n.▪bore v.▪boring adj.▪bored adj.▪born: be born v.▪borrow v.▪boss n.▪both det.,pron.▪bother v.▪bottle n.▪bottom n.,adj.▪bound adj.: bound to▪bowl n.▪box n.▪boy n.▪boyfriend n.▪brain n.▪branch n.▪brand n.▪brave adj.▪bread n.▪break v.,n.▪broken adj.▪breakfast n.▪breast n.▪breath n.▪breathe v.▪breathing n.▪breed v.,n.▪brick n.▪bridge n.▪brief adj.▪briefly adv.▪bright adj.▪brightly adv.▪brilliant adj.▪bring v.▪broad adj.▪broadly adv.▪broadcast v.,n.▪broken break▪brother n.▪brown adj.,n.▪brush n.,v.▪bubble n.▪budget n.▪build v.▪building n.▪bullet n.▪bunch n.▪burn v.▪burnt adj.▪burst v.▪bury v.▪bus n.▪bush n.▪business n.▪businessman, businesswoman n.▪busy adj.▪but conj.▪butter n.▪button n.▪buy v.▪buyer n.▪by prep.,adv.▪bye exclamation ▪ c abbr.cent▪cabinet n.▪cable n.▪cake n.▪calculate v.▪calculation n.▪call v.,n.▪be called▪calm adj.,v.,n.▪calmly adv.▪camera n.▪camp n.,v.▪camping n.▪campaign n.▪can modal v.,n.▪cannot▪could modal v.▪cancel v.▪cancer n.▪candidate n.▪candy n. (NAmE) ▪cap n.▪capable (of) adj.▪capacity n.▪capital n.,adj.▪captain n.▪capture v.,n.▪car n.▪card n.▪cardboard n.▪care n.,v.▪take care (of)▪care for▪career n.▪careful adj.▪carefully adv.▪careless adj.▪carelessly adv.▪carpet n.▪carrot n.▪carry v.▪case n.▪in case (of)▪cash n.▪cast v.,n.▪castle n.▪cat n.▪catch v.▪category n.▪cause n.,v.▪CD n.▪cease v.▪ceiling n.▪celebrate v.▪celebration n.▪cell n.▪cellphone (also cellular phone) n. (especially NAmE)▪cent n. (abbr. c, ct)▪centimetre (BrE) (NAmE centimeter) n. (abbr.cm)▪central adj.▪centre (BrE) (NAmE center) n.▪century n.▪ceremony n.▪certain adj.,pron.▪certainly adv.▪uncertain adj.▪certificate n.▪chain n., v.▪chair n.▪chairman, chairwoman n.▪challenge n.,v.▪chamber n.▪chance n.▪change v.,n.▪channel n.▪chapter n.▪character n.▪characteristic adj.,n.▪charge n.,v.▪in charge of▪charity n.▪chart n.,v.▪chase v.,n.▪chat v., n.▪cheap adj.▪cheaply adv.▪cheat v.,n.▪check v.,n.▪cheek n.▪cheerful adj.▪cheerfully adv.▪cheese n.▪chemical adj.,n.▪chemist n.▪chemist’s n. (BrE)▪chemistry n.▪cheque n. (BrE) (NAmE check) ▪chest n.▪chew v.▪chicken n.▪chief adj.,n.▪child n.▪chin n.▪chip n.▪chocolate n.▪choice n.▪choose v.▪chop v.▪church n.▪cigarette n.▪cinema n. (especially BrE)▪circle n.▪circumstance n.▪citizen n.▪city n.▪civil adj.▪claim v.,n.▪clap v., n.▪class n.▪classic adj.,n.▪classroom n.▪clean adj.,v.▪clear adj.,v.▪clearly adv.▪clerk n.▪clever adj.▪click v., n.▪client n.▪climate n.▪climb v.▪climbing n.▪clock n.▪close /kl??s, NAmE klo?s/ adj.▪closely adv.▪close /kl??z, NAmE kl??z/ v.▪closed adj.▪closet n. (especially NAmE) ▪cloth n.▪clothes n.▪clothing n.▪cloud n.▪club n.▪cm abbr.centimetre▪coach n.▪coal n.▪coast n.▪coat n.▪code n.▪coffee n.▪coin n.▪cold adj.,n.▪coldly adv.▪collapse v.,n.▪colleague n.▪collect v.▪collection n.▪college n.▪colour (BrE) (NAmE color) n., v.▪coloured (BrE) (NAmE colored) adj.▪column n.▪combination n.▪combine v.▪come v.▪comedy n.▪comfort n.,v.▪comfortable adj.▪comfortably adv.▪uncomfortable adj.▪command v.,n.▪comment n.,v.▪commercial adj.▪commission n., v.▪commit v.▪commitment n.▪committee n.▪common adj.▪in common▪commonly adv.▪communicate v.▪communication n.▪community n.▪company n.▪compare v.▪comparison n.▪compete v.▪competition n.▪competitive adj.▪complain v.▪complaint n.▪complete adj.,v.▪completely adv.▪complex adj.▪complicate v.▪complicated adj.▪computer n.▪concentrate v.▪concentration n.▪concept n.▪concern v.,n.▪concerned adj.▪concerning prep.▪concert n.▪conclude v.▪conclusion n.▪concrete adj.,n.▪condition n.▪conduct v.,n.▪conference n.▪confidence n.▪confident adj.▪confidently adv.▪confine v.▪confined adj.▪confirm v.▪conflict n.,v.▪confront v.▪confuse v.▪confusing adj.▪confused adj.▪confusion n.▪congratulations n.▪congress n.▪connect v.▪connection n.▪conscious adj.▪unconscious adj.▪consequence n.▪conservative adj.▪consider v.▪considerable adj.▪considerably adv.▪consideration n.▪consist of v.▪constant adj.▪constantly adv.▪construct v.▪construction n.▪consult v.▪consumer n.▪contact n.,v.▪contain v.▪container n.▪contemporary adj.▪content n.▪contest n.▪context n.▪continent n.▪continue v.▪continuous adj.▪continuously adv.▪contract n.,v.▪contrast n.,v.▪contrasting adj.▪contribute v.▪contribution n.▪control n.,v.▪in control (of)▪under control▪controlled adj.▪uncontrolled adj.▪convenient adj.▪convention n.▪conventional adj.▪conversation n.▪convert v.▪convince v.▪cook v.,n.▪cooking n.▪cooker n. (BrE)▪cookie n. (especially NAmE) ▪cool adj.,v.▪cope (with) v.▪copy n.,v.▪core n.▪corner n.▪correct adj.,v.▪correctly adv.▪cost n.,v.▪cottage n.▪cotton n.▪cough v.,n.▪coughing n.▪could can▪council n.▪count v.▪counter n.▪country n.▪countryside n.▪county n.▪couple n.▪ a couple▪courage n.▪course n.▪of course▪court n.▪cousin n.▪cover v.,n.▪covered adj.▪covering n.▪cow n.▪crack n.,v.▪cracked adj.▪craft n.▪crash n.,v.▪crazy adj.▪cream n.,adj.▪create v.▪creature n.▪credit n.▪credit card n.▪crime n.▪criminal adj.,n.▪crisis n.▪crisp adj.▪criterion n.▪critical adj.▪criticism n.▪criticize (BrE also -ise) v.▪crop n.▪cross n.,v.▪crowd n.▪crowded adj.▪crown n.▪crucial adj.▪cruel adj.▪crush v.▪cry v.,n.▪ct abbr.cent▪cultural adj.▪culture n.▪cup n.▪cupboard n.▪curb v.▪cure v.,n.▪curious adj.▪curiously adv.▪curl v.,n.▪curly adj.▪current adj.,n.▪currently adv.▪curtain n.▪curve n.,v.▪curved adj.▪custom n.▪customer n.▪customs n.▪cut v.,n.▪cycle n.,v.▪cycling n.▪dad n.▪daily adj.▪damage n.,v.▪damp adj.▪dance n.,v.▪dancing n.▪dancer n.▪danger n.▪dangerous adj.▪dare v.▪dark adj.,n.▪data n.▪date n.,v.▪daughter n.▪day n.▪dead adj.▪deaf adj.▪deal v.,n.▪deal with▪dear adj.▪death n.▪debate n.,v.▪debt n.▪decade n.▪decay n.,v.▪December n. (abbr. Dec.)▪decide v.▪decision n.▪declare v.▪decline n.,v.▪decorate v.▪decoration n.▪decorative adj.▪decrease v.,n.▪deep adj.,adv.▪deeply adv.▪defeat v.,n.▪defence (BrE) (NAmE defense) n.▪defend v.▪define v.▪definite adj.▪definitely adv.▪definition n.▪degree n.▪delay n.,v.▪deliberate adj.▪deliberately adv.▪delicate adj.▪delight n.,v.▪delighted adj.▪deliver v.▪delivery n.▪demand n.,v.▪demonstrate v.▪dentist n.▪deny v.▪department n.▪departure n.▪depend (on) v.▪deposit n.,v.▪depress v.▪depressing adj.▪depressed adj.▪depth n.▪derive v.▪describe v.▪description n.▪desert n.,v.▪deserted adj.▪deserve v.▪design n.,v.▪desire n.,v.▪desk n.▪desperate adj.▪desperately adv.▪despite prep.▪destroy v.▪destruction n.▪detail n.▪in detail▪detailed adj.▪determination n.▪determine v.▪determined adj.▪develop v.▪development n.▪device n.▪devote v.▪devoted adj.▪diagram n.▪diamond n.▪diary n.▪dictionary n.▪die v.▪dying adj.▪diet n.▪difference n.▪different adj.▪differently adv.▪difficult adj.▪difficulty n.▪dig v.▪dinner n.▪direct adj.,v.▪directly adv.▪direction n.▪director n.▪dirt n.▪dirty adj.▪disabled adj.▪disadvantage n.▪disagree v.▪disagreement n.▪disappear v.▪disappoint v.▪disappointing adj.▪disappointed adj.▪disappointment n.▪disapproval n.▪disapprove (of) v.▪disapproving adj.▪disaster n.▪disc (also disk, especially in NAmE) n.▪discipline n.▪discount n.▪discover v.▪discovery n.▪discuss v.▪discussion n.▪disease n.▪disgust v.,n.▪disgusting adj.▪disgusted adj.▪dish n.▪dishonest adj.▪dishonestly adv.▪disk n.▪dislike v.,n.▪dismiss v.▪display v.,n.▪dissolve v.▪distance n.▪distinguish v.▪distribute v.▪distribution n.▪district n.▪disturb v.▪disturbing adj.▪divide v.▪division n.▪divorce n.,v.▪divorced adj.▪do v.,auxiliary v.▪undo v.▪doctor n. (abbr. Dr, NAmE Dr.)▪document n.▪dog n.▪dollar n.▪domestic adj.▪dominate v.▪door n.▪dot n.▪double adj.,det.,adv.,n.,v.▪doubt n.,v.▪down adv.,prep.▪downstairs adv.,adj., n.▪downwards (also downward especially in NAmE) adv.▪downward adj.▪dozen n.,det.▪Dr (BrE) (also Dr. NAmE, BrE) abbr.doctor ▪draft n.,adj.,v.▪drag v.▪drama n.▪dramatic adj.▪dramatically adv.▪draw v.▪drawing n.▪drawer n.▪dream n.,v.▪dress n.,v.▪dressed adj.▪drink n.,v.▪drive v.,n.▪driving n.▪driver n.▪drop v.,n.▪drug n.▪drugstore n. (NAmE)▪drum n.▪drunk adj.▪dry adj.,v.▪due adj.▪due to▪dull adj.▪dump v.,n.▪during prep.▪dust n.,v.▪duty n.▪DVD n.▪each det.,pron.▪each other (also one another) pron.▪ear n.▪early adj.,adv.▪earn v.▪earth n.▪ease n.,v.▪east n.,adj.,adv.▪eastern adj.▪easy adj.▪easily adv.▪eat v.▪economic adj.▪economy n.▪edge n.▪edition n.▪editor n.▪educate v.▪educated adj.▪education n.▪effect n.▪effective adj.▪effectively adv.▪efficient adj.▪efficiently adv.▪effort n.▪ e.g. abbr.▪egg n.▪either det.,pron.,adv.▪elbow n.▪elderly adj.▪elect v.▪election n.▪electric adj.▪electrical adj.▪electricity n.▪electronic adj.▪elegant adj.▪element n.▪elevator n. (NAmE)▪else adv.▪elsewhere adv.▪email (also e-mail) n.,v.▪embarrass v.▪embarrassing adj.▪embarrassed adj.▪embarrassment n.▪emerge v.▪emergency n.▪emotion n.▪emotional adj.▪emotionally adv.▪emphasis n.▪emphasize (BrE also -ise) v.▪empire n.▪employ v.▪unemployed adj.▪employee n.▪employer n.▪employment n.▪unemployment n.▪empty adj.,v.▪enable v.▪encounter v.,n.▪encourage v.▪encouragement n.▪end n.,v.▪in the end▪ending n.▪enemy n.▪energy n.▪engage v.▪engaged adj.▪engine n.▪engineer n.▪engineering n.▪enjoy v.▪enjoyable adj.▪enjoyment n.▪enormous adj.▪enough det.,pron.,adv.▪enquiry (also inquiry especially in NAmE) n.▪ensure v.▪enter v.▪entertain v.▪entertaining adj.▪entertainer n.▪entertainment n.▪enthusiasm n.▪enthusiastic adj.▪entire adj.▪entirely adv.▪entitle v.▪entrance n.▪entry n.▪envelope n.▪environment n.▪environmental adj.▪equal adj.,n.,v.▪equally adv.▪equipment n.▪equivalent adj.,n.▪error n.▪escape v.,n.▪especially adv.▪essay n.▪essential adj.,n.▪essentially adv.▪establish v.▪estate n.▪estimate n.,v.▪etc. (full form et cetera)▪euro n.▪even adv.,adj.▪evening n.▪event n.▪eventually adv.▪ever adv.▪every det.▪everyone (also everybody) pron.▪everything pron.▪everywhere adv.▪evidence n.▪evil adj.,n.▪ex- prefix▪exact adj.▪exactly adv.▪exaggerate v.▪exaggerated adj.▪exam n.▪examination n.▪examine v.▪example n.▪excellent adj.▪except prep.,conj.▪exception n.▪exchange v.,n.▪in exchange (for) ▪excite v.▪exciting adj.▪excited adj.▪excitement n.▪exclude v.▪excluding prep.▪excuse n.,v.▪executive n.,adj.▪exercise n.,v.▪exhibit v., n.▪exhibition n.▪exist v.▪existence n.▪exit n.▪expand v.▪expect v.▪expected adj.▪unexpected adj.▪unexpectedly adv.▪expectation n.▪expense n.▪expensive adj.▪experience n.,v.▪experienced adj.▪experiment n.,v.▪expert n.,adj.▪explain v.▪explanation n.▪explode v.▪explore v.▪explosion n.▪export v.,n.▪expose v.▪express v.,adj.▪expression n.▪extend v.▪extension n.▪extensive adj.▪extent n.▪extra adj.,n.,adv.▪extraordinary adj.▪extreme adj.,n.▪extremely adv.▪eye n.▪face n.,v.▪facility n.▪fact n.▪factor n.▪factory n.▪fail v.▪failure n.▪faint adj.▪faintly adv.▪fair adj.▪fairly adv.▪unfair adj.▪unfairly adv.▪faith n.▪faithful adj.▪faithfully adv.▪Yours faithfully (BrE) ▪fall v.,n.▪fall over▪false adj.▪fame n.▪familiar adj.▪family n.,adj.▪famous adj.▪fan n.▪fancy v.,adj.▪far adv.,adj.▪further adj.▪farm n.▪farming n.▪farmer n.▪farther, farthest far▪fashion n.▪fashionable adj.▪fast adj.,adv.▪fasten v.▪fat adj.,n.▪father n.▪faucet n. (NAmE)▪fault n.▪favour (BrE) (NAmE favor) n.▪in favour/favor (of)▪favourite (BrE) (NAmE favorite) adj.,n.▪fear n.,v.▪feather n.▪feature n.,v.▪February n. (abbr. Feb.)▪federal adj.▪fee n.▪feed v.▪feel v.▪feeling n.▪fellow n.,adj.▪female adj.,n.▪fence n.▪festival n.▪fetch v.▪fever n.▪few det.,adj.,pron.▪ a few▪field n.▪fight v.,n.▪fighting n.▪figure n.,v.▪file n.▪fill v.▪film n.,v.▪final adj., n.▪finally adv.▪finance n.,v.▪financial adj.▪find v.▪find out sth▪fine adj.▪finely adv.▪finger n.▪finish v.,n.▪finished adj.▪fire n.,v.▪set fire to▪firm n.,adj.,adv.▪firmly adv.▪first det.,ordinal number,adv.,n.▪at first▪fish n.,v.▪fishing n.▪fit v.,adj.▪fix v.▪fixed adj.▪flag n.▪flame n.▪flash v.,n.▪flat adj.,n.▪flavour (BrE) (NAmE flavor) n.,v.▪flesh n.▪flight n.▪float v.▪flood n.,v.▪floor n.▪flour n.▪flow n.,v.▪flower n.▪flu n.▪fly v.,n.▪flying adj.,n.▪focus v.,n.▪fold v.,n.▪folding adj.▪follow v.▪following adj.,n.,prep.▪food n.▪foot n.▪football n.▪for prep.▪force n.,v.▪forecast n., v.▪foreign adj.▪forest n.▪forever (BrE also for ever) adv.▪forget v.▪forgive v.▪fork n.▪form n.,v.▪formal adj.▪formally adv.▪former adj.▪formerly adv.▪formula n.▪fortune n.▪forward (also forwards) adv.▪forward adj.▪found v.▪foundation n.▪frame n.,v.▪free adj.,v.,adv.▪freely adv.▪freedom n.▪freeze v.▪frozen adj.▪frequent adj.▪frequently adv.▪fresh adj.▪freshly adv.▪Friday n. (abbr. Fri.)▪fridge n. (BrE)▪friend n.▪make friends (with)▪friendly adj.▪unfriendly adj.▪friendship n.▪frighten v.▪frightening adj.▪frightened adj.▪from prep.▪front n.,adj.▪in front (of)▪frozen freeze▪fruit n.▪fry v., n.▪fuel n.▪full adj.▪fully adv.▪fun n.,adj.▪make fun of▪function n.,v.▪fund n.,v.▪fundamental adj.▪funeral n.▪funny adj.▪fur n.▪furniture n.▪further, furthest far▪future n.,adj.▪g abbr.gram▪gain v.,n.▪gallon n.▪gamble v.,n.▪gambling n.▪game n.▪gap n.▪garage n.▪garbage n. (especially NAmE) ▪garden n.▪gas n.▪gasoline n. (NAmE)▪gate n.▪gather v.▪gear n.▪general adj.▪generally adv.▪in general▪generate v.▪generation n.▪generous adj.▪generously adv.▪gentle adj.▪gently adv.▪gentleman n.▪genuine adj.▪genuinely adv.▪geography n.▪get v.▪get on▪get off▪giant n.,adj.▪gift n.▪girl n.▪girlfriend n.▪give v.▪give sth away▪give sth out▪give (sth) up▪glad adj.▪glass n.▪glasses n.▪global adj.▪glove n.▪glue n.,v.▪gm abbr.gram ▪go v.▪go down▪go up▪be going to▪goal n.▪god n.▪gold n.,adj.▪good adj.,n.▪good at▪good for▪goodbye exclamation,n.▪goods n.▪govern v.▪government n.▪governor n.▪grab v.▪grade n., v.▪gradual adj.▪gradually adv.▪grain n.▪gram (BrE also gramme) n. (abbr. g, gm) ▪grammar n.▪grand adj.▪grandchild n.▪granddaughter n.▪grandfather n.▪grandmother n.▪grandparent n.▪grandson n.▪grant v.,n.▪grass n.▪grateful adj.▪grave n.,adj.▪gray (NAmE) grey▪great adj.▪greatly adv.▪green adj.,n.▪grey (BrE) (NAmE usually gray) adj.,n.▪grocery (NAmE usually grocery store) n.▪groceries n.▪ground n.▪group n.▪grow v.▪grow up▪growth n.▪guarantee n.,v.▪guard n.,v.▪guess v.,n.▪guest n.▪guide n.,v.▪guilty adj.▪gun n.▪guy n.▪habit n.▪hair n.▪hairdresser n.▪half n.,det.,pron.,adv.▪hall n.▪hammer n.▪hand n.,v.▪handle v.,n.▪hang v.▪happen v.▪happiness n.▪unhappiness n.▪happy adj.▪happily adv.▪unhappy adj.▪hard adj.,adv.▪hardly adv.▪harm n.,v.▪harmful adj.▪harmless adj.▪hat n.▪hate v., n.▪hatred n.▪have v., auxiliary v.▪have to modal v.▪he pron.▪head n.,v.▪headache n.▪heal v.▪health n.▪healthy adj.▪hear v.▪hearing n.▪heart n.▪heat n.,v.▪heating n.▪heaven n.▪heavy adj.▪heavily adv.▪heel n.▪height n.▪hell n.▪hello exclamation,n.▪help v.,n.▪helpful adj.▪hence adv.▪her pron.,det.▪hers pron.▪here adv.▪hero n.▪herself pron.▪hesitate v.▪hi exclamation▪hide v.▪high adj.,adv.▪highly adv.▪highlight v.,n.▪highway n. (especially NAmE) ▪hill n.▪him pron.▪himself pron.▪hip n.▪hire v.,n.▪his det.,pron.▪historical adj.▪history n.▪hit v.,n.▪hobby n.▪hold v.,n.▪hole n.▪holiday n.▪hollow adj.▪holy adj.▪home n.,adv..▪homework n.▪honest adj.▪honestly adv.▪honour (BrE) (NAmE honor) n.▪in honour/honor of▪hook n.▪hope v.,n.▪horizontal adj.▪horn n.▪horror n.▪horse n.▪hospital n.▪host n.,v.▪hot adj.▪hotel n.▪hour n.▪house n.▪housing n.▪household n.,adj.▪how adv.▪however adv.▪huge adj.▪human adj.,n.▪humorous adj.▪humour (BrE) (NAmE humor) n.▪hungry adj.▪hunt v.▪hunting n.▪hurry v.,n.▪in a hurry▪hurt v.▪husband n.▪I pron.▪ice n.▪ice cream n.▪idea n.▪ideal adj.,n.▪ideally adv.▪identify v.▪identity n.▪i.e. abbr.▪if conj.▪ignore v.▪ill adj. (especially BrE) ▪illegal adj.▪illegally adv.▪illness n.▪illustrate v.▪image n.▪imaginary adj.▪imagination n.▪imagine v.▪immediate adj.▪immediately adv.▪immoral adj.▪impact n.▪impatient adj.▪impatiently adv.▪implication n.▪imply v.▪import n.,v.▪importance n.▪important adj.▪importantly adv.▪unimportant adj.▪impose v.▪impossible adj.▪impress v.▪impressed adj.▪impression n.▪impressive adj.▪improve v.▪improvement n.▪in prep.,adv.▪inability n.▪inch n.▪incident n.▪include v.▪including prep.▪income n.▪increase v.,n.▪increasingly adv.▪indeed adv.▪independence n.▪independent adj.▪independently adv.▪index n.▪indicate v.▪indication n.▪indirect adj.▪indirectly adv.▪individual adj.,n.▪indoors adv.▪indoor adj.▪industrial adj.▪industry n.▪inevitable adj.▪inevitably adv.▪infect v.▪infected adj.▪infection n.▪infectious adj.▪influence n.,v.▪inform v.▪informal adj.▪information n.▪ingredient n.▪initial adj.,n.▪initially adv.▪initiative n.▪injure v.▪injured adj.▪injury n.▪ink n.▪inner adj.▪innocent adj.▪inquiry enquiry▪insect n.▪insert v.▪inside prep.,adv.,n.,adj.▪insist (on) v.▪install v.▪instance n.▪for instance▪instead adv.▪instead of▪institute n.▪institution n.▪instruction n.▪instrument n.▪insult v.,n.▪insulting adj.▪insurance n.▪intelligence n.▪intelligent adj.▪intend v.▪intended adj.▪intention n.▪interest n.,v.▪interesting adj.▪interested adj.▪interior n.,adj.▪internal adj.▪international adj.▪Internet n.▪interpret v.▪interpretation n.▪interrupt v.▪interruption n.▪interval n.▪interview n.,v.▪into prep.▪introduce v.▪introduction n.▪invent v.▪invention n.▪invest v.▪investigate v.▪investigation n.▪investment n.。

牛津词典年度词
每年，牛津词典都会选出一些最具代表性的词汇，以反映当年的社会、文化和科技趋势。

这些词汇经过长时间的筛选和研究，最终被确定为“年度词”。

以下是近年来的一些牛津词典年度词：
2020年度词：气候紧急状态（climate emergency），代表着社会对气候变化的日益关注和呼吁。

2019年度词：少女（climate）领袖（leader），指的是年轻女性在气候变化问题上的积极参与和领导。

2018年度词：toxic（有毒），用来形容互联网和社交媒体上充斥着的负面和有害信息。

2017年度词：post-truth（后真相），指的是事实和真相已经不再是人们决策的主要依据，而是情感和个人偏见。

2016年度词：后真相（Brexit），指的是英国退欧公投事件，反映了全球民粹主义和反全球化的趋势。

这些年度词汇不仅反映了当年的社会和文化现象，也反映了人们对于某些重要问题的思考和认知。

- 1 -。

牛津字典单词牛津释义3000词汇abandon vt。

丢弃；放弃,抛弃abandoned a。

被抛弃的；无约束的ability n。

能力；能耐,本领able adj.有能力的;能干的about prep.关于；在…周围above prep。

在…上面;高于abroad ad。

（在）国外；到处absence n.缺席,不在场；缺乏absent a.不在场的；缺乏的absolute a.绝对的;纯粹的absolutely ad。

完全地；绝对地absorb vt.吸收；使专心abuse vt.滥用；虐待 n.滥用academic a。

学院的；学术的accent n。

口音，腔调;重音accept vt.vi。

接受;同意acceptable a。

可接受的，合意的access n.接近;通道，入口accident n。

意外的；事故accidental adj。

意外的,偶然的accidentally adv. 意外地,偶然地；偶尔,附带accommodation n。

招待设备；预定铺位accompany vt.陪伴,陪同;伴随according ad. 根据account n.记述;解释；帐目accurate a.准确的,正确无误的accurately adj. 准确地;ad. 准确地；精密地accuse vt.指责;归咎于achieve vt.完成,实现；达到achievement n。

完成；成就，成绩acid n。

酸；酸的，酸性的acknowledge vt。

承认；告知收到acquire vt。

取得;获得；学到across prep。

横过,穿过action n.行动；作用；功能active a.活跃的;积极的actively adv. 积极地,活跃地activity n.活动，能动性actor n.男演员；演剧的人actual a。

实际的；现行的actually adv.实际上ad n. (缩）广告adapt vt。

牛津英语词典收录10新词牛津英语词典收录10新词SNOWFLAKE' is one of 1,000 words to be added tothe latest edition of the Oxford English Dictionary.在牛津词典新收录的1000个词条中，雪花是其中一个。

According to the latest edition of the OED, 'snowflake' is “an insult to describe someone whois "overly sensitive or as feeling entitled to specialtreatment or consideration".-根据牛津词典的新增释义，雪花是对于那些过分敏感或者认为自己享有特权或者优待的人贬义统称。

The words are just a few of 1,000 new words thathave made it into the new edition of the bible of theEnglish language.以下列举的词条只是这本英语圣经词典中新增1000词的一小部分。

The OED also gives the approval to ‘madnsplain’ –ladies you’d better ask a man for apatronising explanation of that word – and BFN –standing for ‘big fat negative’.牛津词典还收录了“男人说教”-女士们你们最好问下男士这个词语的高级释义-还有BFN-“big fatnegative”(没有怀孕)的缩写。

To make it into the revered bible of the English language the OED requires severalindependent examples of a word being used and evidence that it has been in use “for areasonable amount of time”.加入词典的新词要有几个不同的例子，而且在某段时间内要相当程度的引用次数，才能被收入词典之内。

牛津词典历年年度词汇
牛津词典历年年度词汇是牛津大学出版社从1984年开始，每隔一年就在英国出版的一本书，主要是记录近几年来在英语中新出现或流行的词汇，它能反映出当时英语口语和文字使用中新产生或突出的词汇，以及在语言风尚上的变化。

每年发布的“牛津词典历年年度词汇”都会收录那一年最具代表性的词汇，如2018年的“single-use”（一次性的）、2019年的“climate emergency”（气候紧急状态）等。

这些词的选择不仅考虑到当年最流行的词汇，也能反映出当时英语使用者对外界事件的情况。

从这些词汇中，我们可以看到人们的关注重心和焦点，也可以从中观察到英语使用者的观念和特点。

此外，牛津词典年度词汇所涵盖的范围不仅仅是新出现的单词，也包括已有单词在当年特别流行的词汇，比如2017年的“fake news”（假新闻）、2015年的“sharing economy”（共享经济）。

这些词汇的选择更加客观，更能反映出当时的社会现实，从而提供一种文化和历史视角，便于我们观察某个时期的英语使用情况。

总之，牛津词典历年年度词汇是一本有效地反映当时英语语言现状的出版物，其中包括新出现的单词和特别流
行的词汇，而且除了可以反映出当时社会现实，还可以反映出当时英语使用者的观念特征。

最近英国《泰晤士报》(ＴｈｅＴｉｍｅｓ)有一篇关于２０１０年英语新词的特写，值得推荐。

我们学英语的人，学得一片凄风苦雨，岂敢不用《牛津大词典》。

《牛津大词典》第三版８月１９日推出，新词典里共收录了１２００个现代英语新词，不少是行销、金融、传媒、军事用语，值得留意。

史蒂文森是第三版新词典的掌门人，哪些词该收入，堂皇列为ｗｏｒｄ，哪些词该丢弃，全都掌握在他手里。

因此，这个人的访谈，够分量，应该看一看。

史蒂文森说，他现在很留意一个叫ｇｌａｍｐｉｎｇ的词，这是ｇｌａｍｏｒｏｕｓ（耀眼）和ｃａｍｐｉｎｇ（露营）的综合体。

这个词原是一个行销用语，已经在坊间使用了一段时候，可能有一天会堂堂登入词典里。

虽然ｇｌａｍｐｉｎｇ这个词让他感到不自在(―Ｔｅｒｒｉｂｌｅｔｅｒｒｉｂｌｅｗｏｒｄ‖），他却批准了Ｂｒｏｍａｎｃｅ这个词。

Ｂｒｏｍａｎｃｅ是Ｂｒｏｔｈｅｒ（哥儿们）和Ｒｏｍａｎｃｅ（相恋）的合并，是指两个男人亲密却不含性行为的关系。

英国的正副首相ＤａｖｉｄＣａｍｅｒｏｎ和ＮｉｃｋＣｌｅｇｇ，组成了联合政府，两人现阶段的亲密关系，如蜜月佳期，媒体常用Ｂｒｏｍａｎｃｅ来形容。

去年，史蒂文森也支持Ｓｔａｙｃａｔｉｏｎ这个词。

这又是两个旧词的结合，Ｓｔａｙ(留守）Ｖａｃａｔｉｏｎ（假期）：没钱远行，就在家里度假，或是在家附近的景点走走。

他说，人们现在创英文新词，不必懂拉丁，不必去希腊找灵感，只是把两个现有的词拼凑起来，就行了。

新添入牛津２０１０年新词典的生词，包括了以下这一些，其中财金方面的词汇。

ＢｒｏｍａｎｃｅＢｒｏｔｈｅｒ哥儿＋Ｒｏｍａｎｃｅ恋情两个男人之间的亲密关系（不含性关系）ＣｈｉｌｌａｘＣｈｉｌｌ(ｃａｌｍｄｏｗｎ)冷静＋ｒｅｌａｘ放松：轻松点儿，冷静点儿！ＦｒｅｅｍｉｕｍＦｒｅｅ免费＋Ｐｒｅｍｉｕｍ费用：特别指网上的某种―免费＋增值‖的商业模式，例如，某种基本的服务是免费的，但使用增值版本或服务，却必须付费。

如何阅读英语新闻材料——以《〈牛津词典〉最新收录新鲜
热词》为例
陈科芳
【期刊名称】《作文新天地（高中版）》
【年(卷),期】2017(000)001
【总页数】6页(P98-103)
【作者】陈科芳
【作者单位】浙江外国语学院
【正文语种】中文
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3.略评《牛津英语习语词典》(英汉双解版)——牛津大学出版社首次推出的双解版英语习语词典
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