2019年中考英语阅读理解真题专项训练
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2019年中考英语阅读理解真题汇编(带详细解析过程)(名师精讲解题方法与技巧+实战训练,建议下载练习)【考点分析】阅读理解旨在考查学生阅读、理解的能力。
近几年来,中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新颖,题材丰富,考查学生综合推断能力、根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大,考查学生关注细节的能力占很大部分。
所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思,在细节题上丢分,要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够,在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。
那么到底怎么做好阅读理解这一题型呢?一、解题思路(一)先读问题,弄清考查要点,以便能带着问题看文章,这样会心中有数,有的放矢。
(二)快速浏览全文,掌握全貌,注意发现与问题有关的信息,如果时间紧,至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。
再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想,这样全文大意便清楚了。
此时,不要忙于答题。
(三)细读原文,捕捉相关信息词,掌握短文细节内容。
这是解题的关键,应特别注意以下几点:1.抓住四个"W"和一个"H",就是边读边用铅笔做些标记,把What (事件),When (时间),Where(地点),Why(原因),How(经过)划出来。
抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”,就抓住了文章的全貌,一些直接性的问题便可解决。
2.抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。
因为这些词具有因果,让步,递进,转折,指代,列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。
这对考生分清文章层次,辨明各种关系,了解人物心理,推断作者意图,进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点,都具有举足轻重的作用。
3.注意领会文章的寓意。
4.根据题意,初选答案。
这一步须仔细审题,领会测试要求,确定解题方法。
对那些明显的,有把握的题可以断然确定,不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间:有些略难的题,应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍),迅速找出依据,予以排除。
常用的解题方法有如下几种:①直接解题法。
即从原文中直接找出答案。
②归纳解题法。
对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。
③综合推理法。
读者需统观全文,认真分析,综合推理及至计算,最后归纳出正确答案。
题干中有"suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时,属于推断概括型,考查内容着眼于全篇,考生应具备一定的分析归纳,推理等逻辑思维能力。
④捕捉关键词。
在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词,近义词,反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。
⑤转换解题法。
即原文这么说,而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法,但仍表示同一含义。
⑥排除法。
根据语言,句法结构,信息词和常识,在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。
四、重读原文,仔细斟酌核对答案。
在解完最后一道题后,如果时间允许,再将原文读一遍;用全文的主题思想统率各思考题,研究其内在联系和逻辑关系,目的在于对所做答案进一步审查,推出未解答的题,以便减少失误。
真题实战训练专项训练七节假日活动时间:8~10分钟/篇分值:2分/小题Passage 1(2018福州)In Britain, Boxing Day is usually celebrated on December 26th, which is the following day after Christmas Day. However, strictly speaking, Boxing Day is the first weekday after Christmas. Like Christmas Day, Boxing Day is a public holiday. This means it's a non-working day in the whole of Britain. When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is the public holiday.The exact origin(起源) of the holiday is unclear. One of the thoughts is that during the Middle Ages, when great sailing ships were setting off to discover new land, a Christmas Box was placed by a priest (神父) on each ship. Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box. It was sealed_up and kept on board until the ship came home safely. Then the box was handed over to the priest in the exchange for the saying of a Mass of thanks for the success of the sailing. The priest wouldn't open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.One more thought is about the “Alms Box”placed in every church on Christmas Day. Worshippers (做礼拜的人) put gifts for the poor into it. These boxes were always opened the day after Christmas, that is why that day became known as Boxing Day.Today, many businesses, organizations and families try to keep the traditional spirit of Boxing Day alive by donating (捐赠) their time, services and money to aid Food Banks, providing gifts for the poor, or helping families in need. Besides, spending time with family and shopping are popular Boxing Day activities now.()1. If Christmas Day is on a Saturday, Boxing Day will be celebrated on ________.A. December 25thB. December 26thC. December 27thD. December 28th()2. Sailors dropped money into the Christmas Box in order to ________.A. save the poorB. pay for the priestC. discover new landD. pray for sailing safety()3. What does the underlined phrase “sealed up” mean?A. 密封B. 悬挂C. 归还D. 传递()4. The following activities can show the traditional spirit of Boxing Day EXCEPT ________.A. offering gifts to the poorB. supporting families in needC. spending time with familyD. giving money to aid Food Banks()5. The purpose of the passage is ________.A. to praise the kindness of priestsB. to introduce the origins of Boxing DayC. to call on people to help the poorD. to compare Boxing Day with Christmas DayPassage 2(2018泰州)Interesting festivals in the worldThrowing tomatoes — Spain(西班牙)Spain takes “tomatoes fights” to a whole new level. But the tomatoes arebeing thrown, not eaten. The festival takes place during the last Wednesdayin August. Trucks(卡车) carry tomatoes into the square. People rush to thetomatoes and throw them into the crowd.Rolling cheese — EnglandThis festival is celebrated on the last Monday in May. It takes place onCooper's Hill. A large wheel of cheese(奶酪) is rolled down Cooper's Hill.The festival is actually a race where people run down the hill after therolling cheese. The first person to cross the finish line at the bottom of thehill wins the cheese.Burning man — The United StatesThe Burning Man Festival lasts a week, it is from the Monday before Labor Day to Labor Day(which falls on the first Monday in September inAmerica). The festival takes place in the Black Rock Desert. The best partof the festival is the burning of a large sculpture of a man.Pouring water — ThailandThe Songkran Festival is the celebration of the New Year in Thailand.Rather than a single day, Thailand celebrates the New Year from April 13thto April 15th. Thai people run after each other, pouring water. Songkran isone of the most important reasons why foreigners travel to the beautifulland.()1. How many festivals are mentioned in the passage?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.()2. Where will you probably go to enjoy one of the festivals above in May?A. Spain.B. England.C. The United States.D. Thailand.()3. Which festival is held in Black Rock Desert?A. Throwing tomatoes.B. Rolling cheese.C. Burning man.D. Pouring water.()4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. The tomatoes are thrown into the crowd to eat.B. Not all the festivals above fall on the single day.C. Burning a large real man is the best part of the festival.D. Songkran is the only reason for attracting lots of tourists.()5. The passage is most probably taken from ________.A. a tour guideB. a science reportC. a story bookD. a fashion magazinePassage 3(2018山西)Emma has just finished travelling alone in Europe. Are you interested in her journey? Let's read some of her travel diaries.()1. Emma was looking forward to this travel because ________.A. she had never taken a train ride beforeB. she could do anything she liked on the journeyC. she hoped to keep herself away from the busy life()2. From the passage, we can know Salzburg is a great place for ________.A. enjoying classical musicB. buying children's booksC. visiting history museums()3. In Amsterdam, she ________.A. climbed the beautiful mountainsB. travelled along the river in a boatC. wrote some postcards in her hotel()4. She didn't need to worry about her safety in Copenhagen because ________.A. there was very little crime thereB. the city was full of friendly peopleC. she thought she was careful enough()5. We can know that ________ from the passage.A. Emma has little interest in artB. Emma is a brave but careless girlC. Emma's travels were enjoyable and specialPassage 4(2018孝感)Dear mum and dad,I'm writing this letter to you from the center of Australia. At the moment we're staying near Uluru—that's the aboriginal(土著) name for Ayers Rock. On the first day, we took a balloon tour over the rock, and I was surprised at how big it was: 3.6 kilometers long and 384 meters high. The colors of the rock are fantastic, and at different times of the day, they change from purple to red. The Aborigines are the first people of Australia, and the ancient aboriginal stories describe the spirits that created the world. Uluru is a center of Aboriginal culture.The Australians have many British relatives. That's why they're like us in many ways. Their family life is similar to ours, and they enjoy the same food and hobbies. The food and drink that most Australians like are grapes, lamb, ham and especially wine that they make in the south of the country. They love all sports, but football is the most popular. Most Australians live near the coast, so they also love going to the beach, swimming and surfing.Although it's December, it's summer over here. The sunshine is very bright, and near the coast the countryside is very green. There are lots of sheep in the fields and on the hills, but the outback(澳洲内陆) is more like a desert, full of rocks and sand.The next day after we arrived at Uluru, we went on a camel(骆驼) ride. The camel that I rode had a bad temper. When I sat on its back, it became very angry and refused me. So everyone else thought it was very funny that my camel kept lying down...Finally, later this evening, we're taking the plane back to Sydney and coming home, it's been a fantastic trip!Tony()1. Which is NOT true according to Paragraph One?A. Uluru is the name for Ayers Rock.B. The height of Uluru is 384 meters.C. The rock of Uluru doesn't change colors.D. Uluru is the center of Aboriginal culture.()2. Tony may be a(n) ________.A. BritishB. AustralianC. AmericanD. Chinese()3. ________ is the most popular sport in Australia.()4. The underlined word “temper” means “________” in Chinese.A. 脾气B. 记忆C. 命令D. 信心()5. What is the best title of this passage?A. A Balloon TourB. An Aboriginal LetterC. A Fantastic TripD. A Summer EveningPassage 5(2018北京)The Blog of RosieThe WeekendBy Rosie|June 6, 2018Hi!I'm on vacation here in London...and it'sfantastic!On Saturday I was in the BritishMuseum for three hours. On Sunday I visitedTower Bridge. Where were you over theweekend?Tell me your news!DISCUSSIONSophia·9:30Glad you're having a great vacation. I was inthe Summer Palace in Beijing on Saturday. Iwas there for a flower show. It was amazing!And there were lots of people. But on Sunday itwas rainy and I wasn't very well. I stayed in bedfor a whole day.•Reply•ShareSteve·10:10It was cloudy the whole weekend in Paris. On Saturday I was at a football game with my classmates. It was exciting!On Sunday I was at the shops with Ann for four hours.•Reply•ShareJack·11:00I wasn't at home over the weekend. On Saturday I was in Scotland for a trip. It was a lovely, warm day and I had a picnic with friends. It was great!Sunday was boring. It took me five hours to get back home. It was a long journey.•Reply•ShareKate·11:20On Saturday I was at Heathrow Airport. I met a()1. On Saturday Sophia was ________.A. in the Summer PalaceB. in the British MuseumC. at Tower BridgeD. at Heathrow Airport()2. What was the weather like when Steve was in Paris?A. Rainy.B. Warm.C. Cloudy.D. Cold.()3. How long did it take Jack to get back home?A. Two hours.B. Three hours.C. Four hours.D. Five hours.()4. Kate was in Sydney for ________.A. a picnicB. a concertC. a football gameD. a flower showPassage 6(2018新疆建设兵团)The summer vacation is a time to enjoy a change from the school year. It's a good chance to work on different activities that you don't have much time to do during the rest of the year.We asked about 2,000 people what they would do during the summer vacation. Most of the survey-takers agreed that the summer vacation was a break from homework and they could relax.Alexis said, “At school, I'm really tired, so during the summer vacation I can read books and do many outdoor activities.”Amy is in high school. After school, she sometimes works in a cafe. She told us, “It's a chance to relax after a hard school year—sleep more, and see my friends more.”We also asked them if they would be too busy or kind of bored. About half (52%) of the survey-takers said they would be busy during the summer vacation but still have time to relax. And that is exactly how it should be.But not everyone said their summer vacation would be the right balance (平衡) between being busy and relaxing. Many thought that they would be too bored.How bored or busy people feel during the summer vacation depends on how old they are.Survey-takers in their early teens were more likely (可能的) to be bored. Among them, 40% said they would be bored and only 10% thought they would be too busy.()1. What does the underlined word “surveytakers” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. 进行调查的人B. 接受调查的人C. 写调查报告的人D. 看调查报告的人()2. What does Amy want to do during the summer vacation?A. To do a part-time job.B. To do some outdoor activities.C. To help her parents do housework.D. To sleep more and visit friends more.()3. The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 5 refers to ________.A. feeling boredB. being very busyC. spending all the time enjoying oneselfD. having time to relax though being busy()4. How bored or busy people feel during the summer vacation depends on ________.A. their ageB. their parentsC. where they liveD. what they are()5. According to the passage, those who took part in the survey are most probably ________.A. scientistsB. doctorsC. studentsD. teachers参考答案Passage 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。