【考试必备】2018-2019年最新四川成都市铁路中学校初升高自主招生物理模拟精品试卷【含解析】【4套试卷】

2018-2019年最新成都铁中学校自主招生语文模拟精品试卷（第一套）（满分：100分考试时间：90分钟）③小屋在山的怀抱中，犹如在花蕊中一般，慢慢地花蕊绽开了一些，好像山后退了一些。

④当花瓣微微收拢，那就是夜晚来临了。

⑤小屋的光线既富于科学的时间性，也富于浪漫的文学性。

A．①③②④⑤ B．①④③②⑤ C．⑤③②①④ D．⑤③②④①二、阅读下面古诗文，完成7—14题。

（24分，7—12每题2分）勾践自会稽归七年，拊循其士民，欲用以报吴。

大夫逄同谏曰：“今夫吴兵加齐、晋，怨深于楚﹑越，名高天下，实害周室，德少而功多，必淫自矜。

为越计，莫若结齐，亲楚，附晋，以厚吴。

吴之志广，必轻战。

是我连其权，三国伐之，越承其弊，可克也。

”勾践曰：“善。

”其后四年。

吴士民罢弊，轻锐尽死于齐﹑晋。

而越大破吴，因而留围之三年，吴师败，越遂复栖吴王于姑苏之山。

吴王使公孙雄肉袒膝行而前，请成越王曰：“孤臣夫差敢布腹心，异日尝得罪于会稽，夫差不敢逆命，得与君王成以归。

今君王举玉趾而诛孤臣，孤臣惟命是听，意者亦欲如会稽之赦孤臣之罪乎？”勾践不忍，欲许之。

范蠡曰：“会稽之事，天以越赐吴，吴不取。

今天以吴赐越，越其可逆天乎？且夫君王蚤朝晏罢，非为吴邪？谋之二十二年，一旦而弃之，可乎？且夫天与弗取，反受其咎。

君忘会稽之厄乎？”勾践曰：“吾欲听子言，吾不忍其使者。

”范蠡乃鼓进兵，曰：“王已属政于执事，使者去，不者且得罪。

”吴使者泣而去。

勾践怜之，乃使人谓吴王曰：“吾置王甬东，君百家。

”吴王谢曰：“吾老矣，不能事君王！”遂自杀。

选自《史记·越王勾践世家》7．下列加点词语解释不正确的一项是（ ）A．越承其弊，可克也。

克：战胜 B．越遂复栖吴王于姑苏之山 栖：占领C．越其可逆天乎 逆：违背 D．吾老矣，不能事君王 事：侍奉8．下列加点词语古今意义相同的是（ ）A．今天以吴赐越 B．使者去，不者且得罪 C．谋臣与爪牙之士，不可不养而择也 D．微夫人之力不及此9．下列加点词语的用法和意义相同的一组是（ ）A．①德少而功多，必淫自矜 ②鼓瑟希，铿尔，舍瑟而作B．①得与君王成以归 ②王好战，请以战喻C．①亦欲如会稽之赦孤臣之罪 ②邻国之民不加少D．①异日尝得罪于会稽 ②吾长见笑于大方之家10．下列加点词语属于谦称的是（ ）A．吾欲听子言 B．君忘会稽之厄乎？ C．君王举玉趾而诛孤臣 D．孤臣夫差敢布腹心11．下列句子，全都表现勾践具有仁慈之心的一项是（ ）①孤臣惟命是听②勾践不忍，欲许之。

四川成都铁路中学2018-2019学度初三上学期入学考试-物理物理试题【一】单项选择题〔15×2分=30分〕１、以下实例中，应用了流体压强与流速规律使物体向上运动的是〔 〕A 、气球的升空B 、潜水艇上浮C 、大型客机的升空D 、火箭的升空2、一个很薄的塑料袋〔质量不计〕装满水，袋口扎紧后挂在弹簧测力计下，读数是6N,假设使塑料袋体积的2/3浸在水中称,弹簧测力计的读数接近于 〔 〕A 、0NB 、6NC 、4ND 、2N3、现代汽车除了前、后排座位都有安全带外，还安装有安全气囊系统，这主要是为了减轻以下哪种情况出现时，可能对人身体造成的伤害( )A.汽车速度太慢B.汽车转弯C.汽车突然启动D.汽车前端发生严重撞击4、如下图，钢丝钳是同学们熟悉的工具，以下有关它的表述中错误的选项是〔 〕A 、钳口前端有凹凸的条棱是为了减小压强B 、钳口磨得很薄是为了增大压强C 、把手上的橡胶套有凹凸花纹是为了增大摩擦 D5、以下事件中,属于利用大气压的是〔 〕A 、用吸管把饮料吸入嘴里 B.打针时,把药液注入肌肉里C 、瘪进去的乒乓球放入热水中烫一烫又能恢复原状D 、当壶中的水沸腾时，壶盖不断地跳动6、图所示是甲、乙两种液体内部的压强与深度关系的图象。

设液体甲的密度为ρ甲、液体乙的密度为ρ乙，那么ρ甲、ρ乙的关系是：〔 〕A 、ρ甲＝ρ乙B 、ρ甲＜ρ乙C 、ρ甲＞ρ乙D 、无法确定7、如下图，人的前臂可视为杠杆，当曲肘将茶杯向上举起时，以下说法正确的选项是 ( )A 、前臂是省力杠杆，阻力臂变小B 、前臂是省力杠杆，阻力臂变大C 、前臂是费力杠杆，阻力臂变大D 、前臂是费力杠杆，阻力臂变小8、用右图所示的杠杆提升重物，设作用在A 端的力F 始终竖直向下，在将重物慢慢提升到一定高度的过程中，F 的大小将〔 〕A 、保持不变B 、逐渐变小C 、逐渐变大D 、先变大，后变小9、把甲、乙两个体积相等的物体放入水中，它们静止时的情况如下图，以下说法中正确的选项是〔 〕A 、甲物体受到的浮力等于乙物体受到的浮力B 、甲物体受到的浮力大于乙物体受到的浮力C 、甲物体受到的浮力小于乙物体受到的浮力D 、无法判断谁受到的浮力大10.将质量为2kg 的物体放入盛满水的容器,溢出水的质量是1.6kg,那么当物体静止时,它将 ( )A 、沉在水底B 、浮在水面上C 、悬浮在水中D 、无法确定11、一实心木块放入水中静止时露出水面体积是浸入水中体积的2/3，那么木块密度是水的密度的( )A 、2/5B 、3/5C 、2/3D 、1/312、如图是跳水运动员进行跳板跳水时的情景，从运动员腾空跳起向上运动后再向下落入水中，假设不计空气阻力，那么在整个过程中 ( )A 、运动员的动能一直增大，机械能不变B 、运动员的重力势能一直减小，机械能减小C 、运动员的动能先减小后增大，机械能不变D 、运动员的重力势能先减小后增大，机械能增大13.分别用杠杆、斜面和滑轮组将同一物体举到相同高度，做的有用功〔 〕A 、杠杆最多B 、斜面最多C 、滑轮组最多D 、一样多14、如下图，物体重为G ，滑轮重及摩擦均不计，欲将重物提起，拉力F 为〔 〕A 、G/3B 、G/4C 、G/6D 、G/815、如下图，将一张明信片沿着其边长弯成弧形放在玻璃台面上，形成一座“拱桥”，当你对着“拱桥”使劲吹气时，你会发现 〔 〕A.“纸桥”被吹开较长的距离B.“纸桥”被吹开较短的距离C.“纸桥”被吹得上下跳动几下D.“纸桥”紧贴桌面不动【二】填空题〔每空2分，共36分〕16、行驶的汽车关闭了发动机后，由于受到＿＿＿＿＿，其速度逐渐减慢；推出去的铅球，由于受到＿＿ ，不断改变运动方向而做曲线运动。

2018-2019年最新四川成都市铁路中学校自主招生考试英语模拟精品试卷（第一套）考试时间：120分钟总分：150分第I卷（选择题，共100分）第一节：单项填空（共25小题，每小题1分，满分25分）1. —When did the terrible earthquake in YaNan happen?—It happened ________ the morning of April 20, 2013.A. onB. atC. inD. /2. Our teacher told us ________ too much noise in class.A. to makeB. makeC. not to makeD. not make3. Here is your hat. Don’t forget______ when you __________.A. to put it on, leaveB. to wear it, leaveC. to wear it, will leaveD. putting it on, will leave4. The baby is sleeping. You _____ make so much noise.A. won’tB. mustn’tC. may notD. needn’t5. Since you are _____ trouble, why not ask _________ help?A. in, forB. in, toC. with, forD. with, to6. It’s about___________kilometers from Nanchong to Chengdu.A. two hundredsB. two hundreds ofC. two hundredD. two hundred of7. It is six years since my dear uncle ________China.A. leftB. has leftC. is leftD. had left8. —How long _______ you _______ the bicycle?—About two weeks.A. have, hadB. have, boughtC. did, buyD. have, have9. The Yellow River is not so ________ as the Yangtze River.A. longerB. longC. longestD. a long10. Mrs.Green usually goes shopping with ________ umbrella in ________ summer.A. a；theB. an； /C. the； aD. /；/11. At first, I was not too sure if he could answer the question. However, ____,he worked it out at last with the help of his friend.A. to my angerB. to my surpriseC. in other wordsD. ina word12. —Must I stay here with you?—No, you ______.You may go home, but you _____ go to the net bar (网吧).A. mustn't; needn'tB. needn't; mustn'tC. must; needD. need; must13. I ______ the newspaper while my mother _____TV plays yesterday evening.A. was reading; was watchingB. was reading; watchedC. read; was watchingD. read; would watch14. It's a rule in my class that our classroom ________ before 6：00 p. m.every day.A. be able to cleanB. should be cleaningC. must cleanD. must be cleaned15. —Tom wants to know if you ________ a picnic next Sunday.—Yes. But if it ________， we'll visit the museum instead.A. will have; will rainB. have; rainsC. have; will rainD. will have; rains16.—Would you mind looking after my dog while I'm on holiday?—________.A. Of course notB. Yes. I'd be happy toC. Not at all. I've no timeD. Yes, please17. Many students didn’t realize the importance of study _______they left school.A. whenB. untilC. afterD. unless18. My father _______ to Shanghai. He _______ for over 2 months.A. has been, has leftB. has gone, has goneC. has gone, has been awayD. has been, has gone19. They are your skirts. Please __________.A. put it awayB. put out itC. put them awayD. put them out20. —Please read every sentence carefully. you are, mistakes you’ll make.—Thank you for your advice.A. The more carefully; the fewerB. The more careful; the lessC. The more carefully; the lessD. The more careful; the fewer21. My friend is coming today but he didn’t tell me _______.A. when did the train arriveB. how did the train arriveC. when the train arrivedD. how the train arrived22. I felt it hard to keep up with my classmate s. But whenever I wantto _______, my teacher always encourages me to work harder.A. go onB. give upC. run awayD. give back23. —________ fine weather it is today!—Let's go for a picnic.A. WhatB. HowC. What aD. How a24. — Mary, you’re going to buy an apartment here, aren’t you?—Yes, but I can’t_______an expensive one.A. spendB. costC. payD. afford25. —Would you like to drink coffee or milk?—_________. Please give me some tea.A. NeitherB. BothC. EitherD. None第二节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）(A)Big schoolbags have been a serious problem for students for a long time.Maybe your schoolbag is too __26__ to carry, and it troubles you a lot __27__ you want to find a book out to read. Now an e­textbook will __28__ you.It is said that e­textbooks are going to be __29__ in Chinese middle schools.An e­textbook, in fact, is a small __30__ for students.It is much __31__ than a usual schoolbag and easy to carry. Though it is as small as a book, it can __32__ all the materials (材料) for study.The students can read the text page by page on the __33__， take notes with the pointer (屏写笔). Or even “__34__” their homework to their teachers by sending e­mails. All they have to do is to press a button.Some people say e­textbooks are good, but some say they may be __35__ for the students' eyes. What do you think of it?26.A.light B. heavy C. useful D. comfortable27.A.till B. after C. before D. when28.A.trouble B. prevent C. help D. understanded B. kept C. invented D. lent B. radio C. pen D. computer31.A.heavier B. lighter C. cheaper D. brighter32.A.hold B. build C. discover D. practice33.A.blackboard B. desk C. screen D. card34.A.find out B. hand in C. get back D. give back35.A.helpful B. famous C. good D. bad(B)Food is very important. Everyone needs to _36_ _well if he/she wants to have a strong body. Our minds also need a kind of food. This kind of food is__ 37 __.We begin to get a knowledge even when we are very young. Small children are __38__ in everything around them. They learn __39 __while they are watching and listening. When they are getting older, they begin to ___ 40__ story books, science books…anything they like. When they find something new, they have to ask questions and__41___ to find out the answers.What is the best ___42___to get knowledge? If we learn___43___ourselves, we will get the most knowledge, If we are__44___getting answers from others and don’t ask why, we will never learn more and understand___45_.36. A. sleep B. read C. drink D. eat37. A. sport B. exercise C. knowledge D. meat38. A. interested B. interesting C. weak D. meat39. A. everybody B. something C. nothing D. anything40. A. lend B. write C. think D. read41. A. try B. wait C. think D. need42. A. place B. school C. way D. road43. A. in B. always C. to D. by44. A. seldom B. always C. certainly D. sometimes45.A.harder B. much C. well D. better第三节：阅读理解（共25小题，每小题2分，满分50分）AFamous Museums_______ .A. BeijingB. LondonC. New YorkD. The USA47. New York Museum is America’s largest museum on American__________.A. areaB. historyC. collectionsD. buildings48. The Palace Museum. Which is in the center of Beijing, is also called“Forbidden City(紫禁城)” in China. It lies in __________.A.Chang’an StreetB. New Oxford StreetC. BerlingD. Chestnut Street49. According to the form, if you want to see ancient Chinese collections,you can visit ____ at most.A. one museumB. two museumsC. three museumsD. four museums50. Which of the following is TRUE according to the information above?A. Each ticket for the Palace Museum costs the same in the whole year.B. You don’t have to pay for tickets if you visit New York Museum on Monday.C. British Museum lies in Chestnut street, London.D. New York Museum is the largest in the world.BIn recent years, more and more people like to keep pets such as a dog, a cat, a monkey and other animals. But usually people would accept tame(温顺的) and loyal(忠诚的) animals as pets rather than dangerous ones such as a lion，a tiger or a snake.People love pets and take good care of them. The owners usually regard pets as good friends and some even consider them as members of the family. Although they are not human beings(人类), their behavior sometimes is better than human beings, for they are always loyal to their owners. There are always many stories about brave and smart pets. We often hear that a pet dog saved the owner's life or traveled thousands of miles to return home. Such stories often make pets more lovely.Some pets can also be trained to help people with some special work. For example, trained dogs can help the blind to walk and trained dogs and pigs can even help police to find where drugs are easily.But pets are sometimes trouble-makers. Some pets like dogs or snakes may hurt people without any warning. Some people may become ill after being hurt because of the virus carried by the pets. If they are not taken good care of, they will become very dirty and easily get ill. So pets are helpful to us but keeping pets is not an easy job.51. What animals are thought to be dangerous as pets?A. Cats.B. Dogs.C. Snakes.D. Monkeys52. Which of the following statements is TRUE about pets?A. All the pets are considered as family members.B. Pets always behave better than human beings.C. Sometimes some pets can protect their owners.D. Pets like traveling far away from home.53. Why do people train pets according to the passage?A. To make them more clever.B. To make them more lovely.C. To find drugs for the blind.D. To do some special work.54. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Pets often hurt strange people.B. Pets can live well with the virus.C. Pets are dirty and dangerous.D. Pets should be looked after well.55. What is the best title for the passage?A. Training Pets.B. Keeping Pets.C. Cleaning Pets.D.Loving Pets.CFrom Feb. 8 to Mar. 1 is our winter holiday. I think everybody did a lot in the holiday. But it seems that I did nothing and it was my most unlucky holiday.I spent a lot of time on my homework. Every morning my mother woke me up early and I had breakfast in a hurry. Then I had to do my homework almost the whole day! I’m not a very slow person but the homework was too heavy!I was also unlucky when playing. During the Spring Festival, I played fireworks but my finger was hurt because I was careless to light the fireworks. I began to fear playing with fireworks from then.I was still unlucky on my friend’s party. On my friend’s birthday, unusually I woke up at 10:50 because my parents went to visit my grandmother early in the morning. The party would start in 10 minutes! So I hurried to my friend’s home without breakfast. I returned very late that day and when I got home, my parents were very angry with me.Another worrying thing was my weight. Last term, I was 46 kg but nowI am 51 kg! I have to consider losing weight!56. How long did the winter holiday last?A. two monthsB. one monthC. 4 weeksD. 22 days57. The writer got up early every day during the holiday because ______.A. he had to finish homeworkB. he had to have breakfastC. he was a very slow personD. his mother was in a hurry58. He hurt his finger because of ________.A. the Spring FestivalB. his carelessnessC. the light of fireworksD. his fear of playing59. Why were the writer’s parents angry with him?A. Because he got up too late.B. Because he missed breakfast.C. Because he was late for the party.D. Because he came back home too late.60. What did the writer want to tell us in the passage?A. He had an unlucky holiday.B. He had too much homework.C. His parents were very strict.D. He planned to lose weight.DSteven Jobs, the designer of Apple Computer, was not clever when he was in school.At that time, he was not a good student and he always made troubles with his schoolmates.When he went into college, he didn't change a lot.Then he dropped out.But he was full of new ideas.After he left college, Steven Jobs worked as a video game designer.He worked there for only se­veral months and then he went to India.He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a change in life.Steven Jobs lived on a farm in California for a year after he returned from India.In 1975, he began to make a new type of computer.He designed the Apple Computer with his friend in his garage.He chose the name “Apple” just because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden.His Apple Computer was such a great success that Steven Jobs soon became famous all over the world.61.Steven Jobs was not a good student in school because he ________.A. never did his lessonsB. was full of new ideasC. always made troubles with his schoolmatesD. dropped out62.Did Steven Jobs finish college?A. Yes, he did.B. No, he didn't.C. No, he didn't go into college.D. We don't know.63.Steven Jobs designed his new computer ______.A. in IndiaB. with his friendC. in a pear tree gardenD. by himself64.Steven Jobs is famous for his ________ all over the world.A. new ideasB. appleC. Apple ComputerD. video games65.From this passage we know ________.A. Steven Jobs didn't finish his studies in the college because he hatedhis schoolmatesB. Steven Jobs liked traveling in India and CaliforniaC. Steven Jobs liked trying new things and making new ideas become trueD. Steven Jobs could only design video gamesEIf you go into the forest with friends, stay with them. If you don't, you may get lost. If you get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don't try to find your friends. Let them find you. You can help them find you by staying in one place. There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. You can shout or whistle (吹口哨) three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help.Keep up shouting or whistling. Always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making a noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will give you two shouts or two whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help.If you don't think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches .Make yourself a bed with leaves and grass.When you need some water, you have to leave your little branch house to look for it. Don't just walk away .Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk in order to go back again easily.66.If you get lost in the forest, you should ________.A. walk around the forest to find your friendsB. stay in one place and give signalsC. climb up a tree and wait for your friends quietlyD. shout as loudly as possible67.Which signal is a call for help?A. Shouting one time as loudly as you can.B. Crying twice.C. Shouting or whistling three times together.D. Whistling everywhere in the forest.68.When you hear two shouts or two whistles, you know that ________.A. someone finds something interestingB. people will come and help youC. someone needs helpD. something terrible will happen69.Before night comes, you should try to make a little house with ________.A. stoneB. earthC. leaves and grassD. branches70.Which of the following is the best title?A. Getting Water in the ForestB. Spending the Night in the ForestC. Surviving (生存) in the ForestD. Calling for Help in the Forest 第四节：补全对话，从方框内7个选项中选择恰当的5个句子完成此对话(共5分)John: Hi, Karl. You were not here, in your class yesterday afternoon. What was wrong?Karl: 71________John: Sorry to hear that.72Karl: Much better. The fever is gone. But I still cough and I feel weak. John: 73Karl: Yes, I have. I went to the doctor’s yesterday afternoon. The doctor gave me some medicine and asked me to stay in bed for a few days. John: 74Karl: Because I’m afraid I’ll miss more lessons and I’ll be left behind. John: Don’t worry. Take care of yourself. 75第Ⅱ卷（非选择题,共50分）一、根据句意及所给提示，补全单词或用单词、固定短语、固定搭配的正确形式填空(10分)76. Many athletes won gold medals in the Olympics, they are our national h_____.77. Tom didn’t finish _____________( write) his test because he ran out of the time.78. The girl is making a model doll ___________ (care).79. The boy felt __________(困倦的) in class because he stayed up late last night.80. So Terrible! The airplane ______________(起飞) five minutes ago.81.I don't think students should be （允许）to bring mobile phones to school.82.I find it useless to spend much time （解释）it to him.83. She prefers keeping silent to （争吵）with others.84. It is important for us to be （有信心的）of doing everything.85. The doctor operated on the patient （成功）yesterday.二、汉译英, 一空一词（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分）86. 他默默地在雨中行走，浑身上下都被淋湿。

成都铁中中考物理二模试题和答案一、选择题1．关于声与电磁波的相关知识，下列说法正确的是（）A．声和电磁波都能在真空中传播，且都能传递信息和能量B．拉二胡时演员调节弦的松紧是为了调节发出声音的音调C．高速公路上的隔音板是在声源处减弱噪声D．电磁波在空气中的传播速度是340m/s2．行人必须根据交通红绿灯信号过斑马线，下列控制红绿灯电路的原理图中，可行的是( ) A．B．C．D．3．小刚探究某物质熔化和沸腾的实验如甲所示，他把100g某种固体碾碎后放入试管中，插入温度计，再将试管放在装有水的烧杯中加热（物质在相同时间内吸收的热量相等）。

根据实验数据画出的图像如图乙所示，实验结束时，小明发现从开始加热到实验结束的10min内消耗4g酒精，酒精的热值3.0×107J/kg，这种物质的液态比热容c=1.8×103J/（kg·℃）下列选项错误的是（）A．该物质熔化时温度没有改变但内能增加了B．从开始沸腾到实验结束物质所要吸收的热量为7.2×103JC．该物质固态时的比热容为2.7×103J/（kg℃）D．该装置能量的转化效率为30%4．如图所示，是一种“伏安法”测电阻的电路图，下列关于电阻R x的测量误差及其产生原因的说法中正确的是（）A．测量值偏大，由于电流表有内阻B．测量值偏小，由于电压表有内阻C．测量值偏大，由于电压表有内阻D．测量值偏小，由于电流表有内阻5．炎热的夏季，在无风的环境中，剥开冰棒纸后，可以看到冰棒周围会冒“白气”，小明和小强分别画出如图的甲、乙两幅图描绘冰棒周围冒“白气”的情形。

下列说法中正确的是（）A．图甲描绘符合实际，“白气”属于凝华现象B．图乙描绘符合实际，“白气”属于液化现象C．图甲描绘符合实际，“白气”属于升华现象D．图乙描绘符合实际，“白气”属于汽化现象6．下列说法正确的是（）A．一个物体吸收热量其温度不一定会升高B．电动机正常工作过程中其线圈中不会产生感应电流C．一个物体只要受到力的作用，其运动状态一定会发生改变D．一个物体相对于另一个物体的距离保持不变，则二者一定是相对静止的7．无线电充是一种增加手机续航时间的方式，无线电充的技术原理：电流流过充电座的“送电线圈”产生磁场，当手机中的“受电线圈”靠近该磁场时就会产生感应电流，从而给手机电池充电，如图所示。

第一套：满分150分2020-2021年四川成都市铁路中学校初升高自主招生数学模拟卷一．选择题（共8小题，满分48分）1．（6分）如图，△ABC中，D、E是BC边上的点，BD：DE：EC=3：2：1，M在AC边上，CM：MA=1：2，BM交AD，AE于H，G，则BH：HG：GM=（）A．3：2：1 B．5：3：1C．25：12：5 D．51：24：102.（6分）若关于x的一元二次方程（x－2）（x－3）=m有实数根x1,x2，且x1≠x2，有下列结论：①x1=2，x2=3；②1> ；m4③二次函数y=（x－x1）（x－x2）＋m的图象与x轴交点的坐标为（2，0）和（3，0）．其中，正确结论的个数是【】A.0B.1C.2D.33.（6分）已知长方形的面积为20cm2，设该长方形一边长为ycm，另一边的长为xcm，则y与x之间的函数图象大致是（）A. B. C. D.4.（6分）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，⊙O 的半径为1，则直线y x 2=-与⊙O 的位置关系是（ ）A ．相离B ．相切C ．相交D ．以上三种情况都有可能 5．（6分）若一直角三角形的斜边长为c ，内切圆半径是r ，则内切圆的面积与三角形面积之比是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．6．（6分）如图，Rt △ABC 中，BC=，∠ACB=90°，∠A=30°，D 1是斜边AB 的中点，过D 1作D 1E 1⊥AC 于E 1，连结BE 1交CD 1于D 2；过D 2作D 2E 2⊥AC 于E 2，连结BE 2交CD 1于D 3；过D 3作D 3E 3⊥AC 于E 3，…，如此继续，可以依次得到点E 4、E 5、…、E 2013，分别记△BCE 1、△BCE 2、△BCE 3、…、△BCE 2013的面积为S 1、S 2、S 3、…、S 2013．则S 2013的大小为（ ） A.31003 B.320136 C.310073 D.67147．（6分）抛物线y=ax 2与直线x=1，x=2，y=1，y=2围成的正方形有公共点，则实数a 的取值范围是（ ）A ．≤a ≤1B ．≤a ≤2C ．≤a ≤1D ．≤a ≤28．（6分）如图，矩形ABCD 的面积为5，它的两条对角线交于点O 1，以AB ，AO 1为两邻边作平行四边形ABC 1O 1，平行四边形ABC 1O 1的对角线交BD 于点02，同样以AB ，AO 2为两邻边作平行四边形ABC 2O 2．…，依此类推，则平行四边形ABC 2009O 2009的面积为（ ）A.n 25 B.n 22 C.n 31 D.n 23二．填空题：（每题7分，满分42分）9．（7分）方程组的解是 ．10．（7分）若对任意实数x 不等式ax ＞b 都成立，那么a ，b 的取值范围为 ．11．（7分）如图，圆锥的母线长是3，底面半径是1，A 是底面圆周上一点，从A 点出发绕侧面一周，再回到A 点的最短的路线长是 ．12．（7分）有一张矩形纸片ABCD ，AD=9，AB=12，将纸片折叠使A 、C 两点重合，那么折痕长是 ．13．（7分）设﹣1≤x ≤2，则|x ﹣2|﹣|x|+|x+2|的最大值与最小值之差为 ．14．（7分）两个反比例函数y=，y=在第一象限内的图象如图所示．点P 1，P 2，P 3、…、P 2007在反比例函数y=上，它们的横坐标分别为x 1、x 2、x 3、…、x 2007，纵坐标分别是1，3，5…共2007个连续奇数，过P 1，P 2，P 3、…、P 2007分别作y 轴的平行线，与y=的图象交点依次为Q 1（x 1′，y 1′）、Q 1（x 2′，y 2′）、…、Q 2（x 2007′，y 2007′），则|P 2007Q 2007|= ．三．解答题：（每天12分，满分60分）15.(12分).已知正实数,,x y z 满足：1xy yz zx ++≠ ,且222222(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)4x y y z z x xy yz zx------++= .(1) 求111xy yz zx++的值. (2) 证明:9()()()8()x y y z z x xyz xy yz zx +++≥++.16．（12分）如图，ABC △是等腰直角三角形，CA CB =，点N 在线段AB 上（与A 、B 不重合），点M 在射线BA 上，且45NCM ∠=︒。

2019年四川省成都市高中阶段教育学校统一招生考试物理试卷（参考答案）DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 P.MsoNormal{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri; TEXT-ALIGN:justify}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637LI.MsoNormal{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph;FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri; TEXT-ALIGN: justify}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 DIV.MsoNormal{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph;FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri; TEXT-ALIGN: justify}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 H1{FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 24pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 H2{FONT-WEIGHT: bold; TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; MARGIN: 13pt 0cm; LINE-HEIGHT: 173%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; TEXT-ALIGN: justify}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 P.MsoHeader{BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char;PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;FONT-FAMILY: Calibri; TEXT-ALIGN:center}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637LI.MsoHeader{BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;FONT-FAMILY: Calibri; TEXT-ALIGN:center}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637DIV.MsoHeader{BORDER-RIGHT: medium none;PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; PADDING-TOP: 0cm;BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri; TEXT-ALIGN: center}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637P.MsoFooter{FONT-SIZE: 9pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; FONT-FAMILY:Calibri}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637LI.MsoFooter{FONT-SIZE: 9pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; FONT-FAMILY:Calibri}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637DIV.MsoFooter{FONT-SIZE: 9pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; FONT-FAMILY:Calibri}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637P.MsoBodyTextIndent{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; TEXT-ALIGN: justify}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 LI.MsoBodyTextIndent{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; TEXT-ALIGN: justify}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 DIV.MsoBodyTextIndent{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 17pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; TEXT-ALIGN: justify}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 A:link{COLOR: #0000a0; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;TEXT-DECORATION: none}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 SPAN.MsoHyperlink{COLOR: #0000a0; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; TEXT-DECORATION: none}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637A:visited{COLOR: purple; TEXT-DECORATION: underline}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637SPAN.MsoHyperlinkFollowed{COLOR: purple;TEXT-DECORATION: underline}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637P{FONT-SIZE: 12pt; MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0cm; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637P.MsoAcetate{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph;FONT-SIZE: 9pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri; TEXT-ALIGN: justify}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 LI.MsoAcetate{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph;FONT-SIZE: 9pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri; TEXT-ALIGN: justify}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 DIV.MsoAcetate{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph;FONT-SIZE: 9pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: Calibri; TEXT-ALIGN: justify}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 SPAN.CharChar1{FONT-FAMILY:Calibri}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637SPAN.CharChar{FONT-FAMILY:Calibri}DIV.MyFav_1252463588637 DIV.Section1{page: Section1}A卷（共90分）一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共28分）题号134567891011121314 答案CDAADBCBCBDCB二、填空题（每空2分，共32分）15．运动静止16．坦克对地面的压强摩擦17．冷热18．② ③19．比热容多20．变小变大21．97 低于22．①从运动的相对性看：火箭相对地面是运动的；②从能量转化的角度看：燃料燃烧释放的化学能中，一部分转化为火箭的机械能；③从力的相互性看：火箭向下喷气的同时，喷出的燃气也对火箭施加了向上的作用力；④从运动和力的关系看：火箭开始阶段的运动速度一定在增大，表明火箭受到燃气的作用力大于火箭的重力。

成都铁中中考物理二模试题和答案一、选择题1．如图所示，A、B两个物体叠放在水平面上，同时用力F1、F2分别作用于A、B两个物体上，A、B始终处于静止状态，其中力F1=4N，方向水平向左，力F2=5N，方向水平向右，下列分析正确的是（）A．A和B之间摩擦力为0B．地面对B的摩擦力为5N，方向水平向左C．地面对B的摩擦力为1N，方向水平向左D．B对A的厚擦力为5N，方向水平向右2．如图所示，演员与观众高声齐唱《我和我的祖国》，合唱中“高音声部”和“低音声部”中的“高”和“低”，指的是声音的（）A．速度B．响度C．音调D．音色3．下列现象中，属于利用惯性的是A．坐汽车时要系好安全带B．跳远运动员快速助跑C．行车时要注意保持车距D．学校路段需减速慢行4．关于粒子和宇宙的说法正确的是（）A．扫地时灰尘飞舞，说明分子在做无规则运动B．手捏海绵，海绵体积变小，说明分子间有空隙C．毛皮与橡胶棒摩擦，橡胶棒由于得到电子而带负电D．宇宙是一个有层次的天体结构系统，恒星是绝对不动的5．以下是对电与磁部分四幅图的分析，其中错误的是A．如图装置闭合电路后磁针会偏转，说明电流能产生磁场B．如图装置说明通电导线在磁场中受到力的作用C．如图装置所揭示的原理可制造发电机D．图中动圈式话筒应用了磁场对电流的作用6．在盛满不同液体的相同的溢水杯中，放入两个完全相同的小球，如图所示。

当小球静止时，甲、乙两杯中溢出液体的重力分别为0.5N和0.4N，则下列说法错误的是（）A．甲球受到的浮力大于乙球受到的浮力B．乙球受到的浮力等于0.4NC．甲杯液体的密度大于乙杯液体的密度D．小球的质量为40g7．如图所示，对下列电磁现象相应的说明正确的是（）A．如图表明通电导线周围有磁场，这个现象是法拉第首先发现的B．如图可以判断电磁铁的左端为N极C．如图是研究电磁感应现象的实验装置，只要导体棒AB运动就一定能产生感应电流D．按如图中的方法把线圈两端导线上的漆刮去，通电后线圈可以持续转动8．如图所示的四个物态变化中，属于吸热的是( )A．春天，冰雪消融B．夏天，露珠晶莹C．秋天，白雾弥漫D．冬天，霜满枝头9．小明在淹城春秋民俗文化区游玩时，发现一种木制玩具青蛙刮鼓，用木棒在木制青蛙背上摩擦，就会发出类似青蛙的叫声，有时还能引起周围青蛙的附和共鸣，下列说法正确的是（）A．青蛙刮鼓发出的声音是由木棒振动产生的B．模拟青蛙的叫声是指音色相近C．能引起周围背蛙的附和共鸣说明声音能传递能量D．青蛙刮鼓发出的声音一定是噪声10．“请大家安静，现在准备考试！”监考老师要求考生减小声音的（）A．频率B．音调C．响度D．音色11．如图所示，均匀长方体甲、乙放在水平地面上，甲、乙的底面积分别为S、S'（S＞S'），此时它们对地面的压强相等。

2019年四川省成都市高中阶段教育学校统一招生考试物理试卷DIV.MyFav_1206510087202 P.MsoNormal{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph; FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; TEXT-ALIGN: justify}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202LI.MsoNormal{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph;FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; TEXT-ALIGN:justify}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202DIV.MsoNormal{TEXT-JUSTIFY: inter-ideograph;FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; TEXT-ALIGN:justify}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202P.MsoHeader{BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; TEXT-ALIGN:center}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202LI.MsoHeader{BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT:0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none;FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; TEXT-ALIGN:center}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202DIV.MsoHeader{BORDER-RIGHT: medium none;PADDING-RIGHT: 0cm; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 0cm; FONT-SIZE: 9pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; PADDING-TOP: 0cm;BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"; TEXT-ALIGN: center}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202 P.MsoFooter{FONT-SIZE: 9pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202LI.MsoFooter{FONT-SIZE: 9pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202DIV.MsoFooter{FONT-SIZE: 9pt; MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LAYOUT-GRID-MODE: char; FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman"}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202 A:link{COLOR: blue;TEXT-DECORATION: underline}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202 SPAN.MsoHyperlink{COLOR: blue; TEXT-DECORATION: underline}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202 A:visited{COLOR: purple; TEXT-DECORATION:underline}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202SPAN.MsoHyperlinkFollowed{COLOR: purple;TEXT-DECORATION: underline}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202 DIV.Section1{page: Section1}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202 OL{MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0cm}DIV.MyFav_1206510087202UL{MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0cm}全卷分为A、B卷。

省重点高中自主招生测评物理试题卷一、单项选择题（每小题3分，共18分）1、下列说法中正确的是：（）A．近视眼镜、放大镜和照相机镜头都是凸透镜B．阳光下大树的影子是由光的折射现象形成的C．光发生漫反射时，反射角等于入射角D．猴子捞“月亮”时，水中的“月亮”到水面的距离等于水的深度2、从下面四个图中所得到的信息，不正确的是： ( )A．图甲说明物体所受的重力跟它的质量成正比B．图乙表示物体正以5m/s的速度做匀速运动C．图丙告诉我们小灯泡的电阻值是固定不变的D．图丁警告我们一个多世纪以来人类能源消耗急剧增长3、如图所示，将两只弹簧测力计A、B挂钩钩在一起，然后用手水平地左右拉弹簧测力计的圆环，当左边弹簧测力计A的读数为8N时，右边弹簧测力计B的读数及手对弹簧测力计的拉力分别是：（）A．8N，8N B．8N，16NC．0N，16N D．16N，8N4、如图7所示，体重为510N的人，用滑轮组拉重500N的物体A沿水平方向以0.02m/s 的速度匀速运动。

运动中物体A受到地面的摩擦阻力为200N。

动滑轮重为20N（不计绳重和摩擦，地面上的定滑轮与物体A相连的绳子沿水平方向，地面上的定滑轮与动滑轮相连的绳子沿竖直方向，人对绳子的拉力与对地面的压力始终竖直向下且在同一直线上，）。

则下列计算结果中正确的是（）A．绳子自由端受到的拉力大小是100NB．人对地面的压力为400NC．人对地面的压力为250ND．绳子自由端运动速度是0.06m/s5、家用电吹风由电动机和电热丝等组成。

为了保证电吹风的安全使用，要求：电动机不工作时，电热丝不能发热；电热丝不发热时，电动机仍能工作。

下列电路中符合要求的是：( )6、在如图所示的电路中，当电键S闭合后，电压表有示数，调节可变电阻R的阻值，电压表的示数增大了△U。

则（）A．可变电阻R被调到较小的阻值B．电阻R2两端的电压减小，减小量等于△UC．通过电阻R2的电流减小，减小量小于△U/ R2D．通过电阻R2的电流减小，减小量等于△U/ R1二、填空与实验（第8题第3小题4分，其余每空2分，共20分）7、汽车在行驶中，司机看到图2所示的标志牌，在不违反交通法规的前提下，从标志牌到西大桥最快需要h。

成都市2019年高中阶段教育学校统一招生考试物理模拟试题（白卷）注意事项：1．全卷分A卷和B卷，A卷满分90分，B卷满分20分；全卷共110分；考试时间90分钟．2．在作答前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号涂写在试卷和答题卡规定的地方．考试结束，监考人员将试卷和答题卡一并收回．3．选择题部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题部分必须使用0.5毫米黑色的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚．4．请按照题号在答题卡上各题目对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效．5．保持答题卡清洁，不得折叠、污染、破损等．A卷（共90分）第I卷（选择题，共28分）一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共28分）1．一位旅客在匀速直线行驶的火车车厢内竖直向上跳起，这位旅客的落地点A．在起跳点之后B．在起跳点之前C．仍在起跳点D．无法确定2．如图1所示的汽车凹痕修复器，用气泵抽出吸盘中的空气，吸盘就会紧贴在汽车凹痕处，再用力向外拉，就能使凹痕平复，吸盘能紧贴在车上是因为A．大气压的作用B．汽车凹痕处对它有吸引力C．电磁间的相互作用D．人对吸盘的拉力3．关于电磁波与信息技术，下列说法正确的是A．电磁波是由于物体的振动产生的B．电磁波不能传递信息C．微波不具有能量D．电磁波在真空中的传播速度等于光在真空中的传播速度4．关于原子、核能和能源，下列说法正确的是A．原子是由原子核和中子组成的B．组成原子核的质子带正电，中子不带电C．核电站反应堆中发生的是可以控制的核聚变D．太阳能、风能、天然气都是可再生能源5．下列有关声现象的说法，正确的是A．声音在真空中的传播速度为340m／sB．演奏前调节小提琴的琴弦松紧程度可改变声音的音调C．倒车雷达是利用次声波来确定障碍物的远近D．高架桥两侧有隔音墙，是在声源处减弱噪声6．下列实例中，为了增大摩擦的是A．行李箱安装轮子B．矿泉水瓶盖刻有花纹C．冰壶表面打磨得很光滑D．磁悬浮列车悬浮行驶7．如图2所示，运动员正在进行蹦床比赛，关于运动员上升和下落过程中机械能的变化（忽略空气阻力），下列分析不正确的是A．运动员上升到最高点时的重力势能最大B．运动员在空中下落的过程中重力势能转化为动能C．运动员下落到最低点时蹦床的弹性势能最大D．运动员下落到最低点时的动能最大8．下列数据中，最接近实际情况的是A．一节新干电池的电压约为2.5VB．普通家用台灯正常工作时的电流约为2AC．家用电视机的功率约为150ＷD．厨房里的电饭锅正常工作1 h消耗的电能约为360 J9．下列做法符合安全用电要求的是A．多个大功率用电器同时接在一个插座上B．空气开关跳闸后，只需重新闭合开关即可C．家庭电路中可用铜丝替换保险丝D．发现有人触电后，应立即切断电源10．端午节吃粽子是我国的传统习俗．对“煮粽子”的情景分析正确的是A．“粽叶飘香”是扩散现象，说明分子间存在斥力B．粽子温度升高，是通过做功的方式来增大内能C．煮粽子的水温度越高，分子热运动越剧烈D．粽子放凉的过程中，粽子的内能不断增加11．2019年3月17日，成都双遗马拉松在都江堰燃情开跑，中国姑娘、听障选手杨春华获得女子冠军，成绩为2小时46分01秒，已知马拉松全程长度为42195米，则下列四个速度中，最接近杨春华完成全程的平均速度的是A．4k m／h B．4k m／min C．4m／s D．15m／s12．某实验小组在做“探究串联电路的电压规律”实验时，连接的电路如图3所示，闭合开关S 后发现L2正常发光，L1只能微弱发光．对这一现象的原因分析合理的是A．灯L1发生断路B．灯L1发生短路C．由于灯L1的电阻较大，实际功率较小D．由于灯L1的电阻较小，实际功率较小13．关于液体的压强，下列说法中正确的是A．液体密度越大，则液体的压强越大B．液体质量越大，则液体的压强越大C．液体只对容器的底有压强D．同种液体中，深度越深处压强越大14．某同学将两根导体棒ab、cd放在光滑的金属轨道上，组成如图4所示的装置，闭合开关，用外力使导体棒ab水平向右移动，发现导体棒cd也随之运动起来，下列分析合理的是A．甲部分应用的原理是电流的磁效应B．乙部分产生的现象与发电机的原理相同C．导体棒ab的作用相当于电源D．导体棒ab水平向左移动时，导体棒cd的运动方向不会改变第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共62分）二、填空题（每空2分，共32分）15．学校大门处竖立着一块大平面镜．当小卓同学向平面镜走近时，镜中自己像的大小将（选填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”）；小卓从平面镜里看到他身后的小军的眼睛，而小军也看到了小卓的眼睛，这是因为光反射时，光路是________的．16．手背擦上酒精后感到凉爽，是因为酒精（填物态恋化名称）吸热；冻肉刚出冷库比进冷库时重，是由于空气中的水蒸气________（填物态变化名称）成霜所致．17．同学们进行足球比赛时，小明用力踢足球，足球受力后腾空而起，说明力可以改变物体的________，同时脚感到疼痛说明物体间力的作用是__________．18．在图5甲所示电路中，当闭合开关后，两个电压表指针偏转均如图5乙所示，则电阻R1两端的电压为________V，R1与R2的电流之比I1∶I2＝________．19．花匠手握在如图6所示的修枝剪刀把手的A端，便可以轻松地剪断树枝．这时修枝剪刀属于________杠杆．使用时，常把树枝尽量往剪刀轴B靠近，这样做的目的是通过减小________的方式达到省力的目的．20．如图7所示的电路中，电源电压不变，R1为定值电阻，开关S闭合后，滑动变阻器的滑片P向右移动时，电流表示数_________，电压表与电流表示数之比_________．（均选填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”）21．我国南宋民族英雄文天祥，曾在《扬子江》一诗中写下“臣心一片磁针石，不指南方不肯休”的诗句．这里磁针石的南极指向地理位置的_________（选填“南极”或“北极”），是因为它受到_________的作用．22．输电线常采用铝线或铜线作为芯线，而不是用电阻更大的铁线，主要是为了_________（选填“增大”或“减小”）电流在电线上产生的电热．如果将10Ω的电阻丝接在3V的电源上，5mIN产生的热量为_________J．三、作图与计算题（共16分．计算题在解答时应写出公式和重要的演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分）23．（4分）（1）如图8所示，是一条经水面折射后的光线，请在图中画出：①入射光线的大致方向；②标出入射角i．（2）如图9所示，根据磁感线方向，请在图中标出：①电源的正极；②小磁针的N、S极．24．（6分）滑板运动已经成为最流行、最持久的时尚运动，如图10是一个质量为50kg的学生站在滑板上的情景．该滑板是由板面、滑板支架（滑板桥）和四只滑板轮等部分组成，总质量为5kg，如图11所示．其中板面是由一块质量为4kg，体积为5×10－3m3的复合材料组成，g取10N／kg．求：（1）组成板面的复合材料密度．（2）假若每个滑板轮与水平地面的接触面积为2×10－4m2，图10中滑板对水平地面的压强．25．（6分）如图12所示的电路中，电源电压恒为6V，电阻R1的阻值为8Ω，滑动变阻器R2上标有“20Ω3A”的字样，小灯泡Ｌ上标有“6V9Ｗ”的字样，电流表的量程为“0～3A”．（1）当开关S1、S2、S都闭合时，小灯泡正常发光，电流表的示数为2A，求此时滑动变阻器接入电路的电阻是多少？（2）滑动变阻器的滑片P位置不变，当开关S1、S2都断开，只让S闭合，此时R1的功率是多少？四、实验与探究题（共14分）26．（6分）小梦在做“探究二力平衡的条件”实验：（1）设计组装的实验装置如图13甲所示，实验过程中发现两边的钩码质量不相等时，小车运动，质量相等时，小车静止，说明二力平衡的一个条件是力的_________．（2）当小车平衡时，小梦将小车转过一个角度，松手后小车不能保持平衡，其目的是为了探究相互平衡的两个力是否__________________．（3）在探究同一问题时，小梦将系于小卡片（重力可忽略不计）两对角的线分别跨过左右支架上的滑轮，并分别在另一端挂上钩码，使作用在小卡片上的两个拉力方向相反，并通过调整钩码的数量来改变拉力的大小，如图13乙所示．当小卡片平衡时旋转小卡片，松手后观察到小卡片不能平衡．小组同学认为小梦设计的图乙实验优于图甲的实验，其主要原因是____________________________________．27．（8分）如图14所示是探究影响导体电阻大小因素的实验装置，下表给出了可供选择的几种导体，分别用A、B、C、D四个字母代表．（1）实验中，通过观察电流表的示数可以判断导体的_________大小．通过对_________（选填导体代号）两根导体进行实验，可探究电阻的大小与长度的关系．（2）分别将A和C两导体接入电路进行实验，发现接入C导体时，电流表的示数比接入A导体时更大，说明导体的电阻与导体的_________有关．（3）若把A、B两导体首尾相连后再接入电路M、N两端，会发现电流表示数变得更小，说明两导体串联后的电阻将_________（选填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”）．B卷（共20分）一、选择题（每小题2分，共10分．有的小题只有一个选项符合题目要求，有的小题有二个选项符合题目要求，全部选对得2分，选对但不全得1分，有选错的得0分）1．下列说法正确的是A．热机做的有用功越多，效率就一定越高B．冰箱中的温度传感器是利用光敏电阻制成的C．电风扇工作时，扇叶的机械能是由电能转化来的D．温度越高的物体含有的热量越多2．在“探究凸透镜成像的规律”实验中，光具座上各元件位置如图15所示，此时在光屏上恰好成一个清晰的像（未画出），则下列说法正确的是A．该实验现象能说明投影仪的成像特点B．该透镜的焦距f满足7.5cm＜f＜15cmC．若将蜡烛稍稍远离凸透镜，则应将光屏也远离凸透镜才能得到清晰的像D．若保持凸透镜位置不变，将蜡烛和光屏的位置互换，会在光屏上成一个清晰的倒立、缩小的像3．“探究物质的吸热能力”实验中，把质量均为0．5kg的水和食用油分别装入两个相同的容器内并用相同的电加热器给它们加热，其温度随时间变化的图像如图16所示．已知C水＝4.2×103J／（kg·℃），不考虑实验中的热损失，下列分析正确的是A．食用油的吸热能力比水强B．食用油的比热容是2.8×103J／（kg·℃）C．加热2min，食用油比水吸收的热量多D．加热2min，食用油吸收的热量是4.2×104J4．如图17所示，质量为70kg的小刚站在高台上通过滑轮组匀速提升货物．第一次提升货物的质量为100kg，第二次提升货物的质量为200kg．小刚第二次提升货物时拉力做功的功率为220W．已知滑轮A、B的质量均为4kg，滑轮C的质量为8kg，绳重及滑轮的摩擦均可忽略不计，g取10N／kg．关于小刚提升货物的分析，下列说法中正确的是A．第一次提升货物时，小刚对高台的压力为500NB．第一次提升货物过程中滑轮组的机械效率为83.3％C．第二次提升货物时，货物上升的速度约为0.6m／sD．第二次提升货物时，小刚对高台的压力为800N5．如图18所示，电源电压保持不变，小灯泡上标有“0.5A 3W”字样，闭合开关，当滑片P移至某一位置时，电流表的示数为0.5A，此时滑动变阻器消耗的功率为P1；当滑片P移至某一端点时，电流表示数为0.3A，电压表示数变化了3V，此时滑动变阻器消耗的功率为P2，且P1∶P2＝5∶6．保证电路安全情况下，下列判断正确的是A．电路允许消耗的最大功率为4.5ＷB．滑动变阻器的最大阻值为15ΩC．灯泡正常发光时，滑动变阻器接入电路的电阻为10ΩD．滑动变阻器消耗的功率由P1变为P2的过程中，小灯泡消耗的功率变化了2.1W二、综合题（共10分，第7题在解答时应写出公式和重要的演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分）6．（4分）小明发现“伏安法”测电阻比较麻烦，通过查阅资料和探究，他制作了一只简单的可直接测电阻的仪器．用到的器材：一节新干电池（1.5V），电流表（0～0.6A），滑动变阻器（10Ω0.5A），开关及导线若干．电路原理图如图19甲所示，当AB间接入不同阻值的电阻时，在电流表对应的位置标出相应的阻值．（A、B为金属接线触点）（1）调试时，直接把A、B相碰，为保证电路安全，滑动变阻器接入电路的最小值是_________Ω；（2）使用一段时间后，小明发现此仪器有些不准确了，查阅资料后发现干电池其实也有电阻，新电池的电阻很小可以忽略，但随着使用时间变长，电池的电阻会变大．使用一段时间后，为能准确测量电阻，应将滑动变阻器向_________调节；（3）老师告诉小明如果把干电池换成恒流电源（输出电流恒定）就不会出现上述情况．小明在老师的帮助下用恒流电源和电压表（0～3V），滑动变阻器（10Ω0.5A）重新设计了电路图如图19乙所示，当直接把A、B相碰，电压表的示数为_________V；当AB间接入10Ω电阻时，电压表为1V，此电路测量电阻的范围是_________．7．（6分）如图20甲，一边长为10cm的立方体塑料块A，A下表面中心处与长方体金属块B 上表面中心处用细线相连后放在长方体水箱底部的出水口正上方，B完全覆盖出水口，水箱足够高．现向水箱中缓慢加水，直到细线刚好拉直，水箱中水的深度h与加水质量m之间的关系如图20乙所示．忽略细线的质量、体积及受到拉力时的形变，且金属块B与出水口边缘有挤压时，水不能从出水口流出．已知金属块B上、下表面积均为S B＝20cm2，水箱底部的面积（含出水口）为S＝200cm2，ρ水＝1.0×103kg／m3，g＝10N／kg，求：（1）加水360g时，水对水箱底部的压强p水；（2）塑料块A的重力G A及细线的长度L；（3）塑料块A刚好被浸没时，水恰能从排水口流出．则金属块B的重力G B是多大？参考答案。