医学常用中英文名称翻译

常用医学标准的中英文术语翻译医学标准术语的翻译对于医学界的交流和研究至关重要。

准确地翻译这些术语可以避免误解和混淆，确保专业信息的传递准确无误。

以下是一些常见的医学标准术语的中英文翻译。

1. 临床试验 - Clinical Trial临床试验是一种为了评估新型药物、治疗方法或医疗器械而进行的研究。

这些试验通常包括对人体进行的细致观察和数据收集，以确定疗效和安全性。

2. 疫苗接种 - Vaccination疫苗接种是指通过注射、口服等方式给予人体疫苗，从而提高人体免疫系统对某种疾病的抵抗力。

3. 随机对照试验 - Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)随机对照试验是一种实验设计，将受试者随机分配到接受不同处理或对照组的不同条件下观察疗效。

4. 细胞培养 - Cell Culture细胞培养是指在实验室中人工创造一种类似于体内环境的培养条件，以培养和研究生物体的细胞。

5. 模拟人体实验 - In Vivo Experiment模拟人体实验是指在活体动物身上进行的实验，以评估药物、治疗方法或其他治疗干预措施的疗效和安全性。

6. 病理研究 - Pathological Research病理研究是通过对病理标本进行组织学、细胞学或分子学等分析，以诊断和研究疾病的方法。

7. 累及人数 - Incidence累及人数是指在一定时间内发生某种疾病或事件的数量，通常以每一万或每一百万人为单位。

8. 重大不良事件 - Adverse Event (AE)重大不良事件是指与药物治疗或其他干预措施相关的严重不良反应或意外事件，可能导致严重的身体伤害甚至死亡。

9. 生物等效性 - Bioequivalence生物等效性是指在给予相同剂量的药物后，在体内的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄等动力学过程中的相似性。

10. 患病率 - Prevalence患病率是指某一特定人群中患有某种疾病的比例或频率，通常以百分比表示。

常用临床医学术语中英对照临床医学是研究疾病的病因、诊断、治疗和预后，提高临床治疗水平，促进人体健康的科学。

接下来小编为大家整理常用临床医学术语中英对照，希望对你有帮助哦!diseases 疾病acute diseases 急性病rehabilitation 康复relapse 复发sudden death 猝死moribund 濒死的course of the disease 病程course of the treatment 疗程indication 适应症，指征complication 并发症contraindication 禁忌症side-effect 副作用sequel (sequela), after effect 后遗症advanced diseases 病沉重期，晚期疾病chronic diseases慢性病communicable diseases 传染病complicating diseases 并发病congenital diseases 先天性疾病acquired diseases 后天性疾病contagious diseases接触性传染病endemic diseases 地方病epidemic diseases 流行病functional diseases 机能病、官能病infectious diseases 传染病inherited diseases 遗传病malignant diseases恶性病nutritional diseases 营养病occupation diseases 职业病organic diseases 器质性病paroxysmal diseases 阵发性病periodical diseases 周期病primary(principal)diseases原发(主导)病secondary diseases 继发病sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性病terminal diseases 绝症wasting diseases 消耗性疾病chief complaint 主诉clinical manifestation 临床表现delivery history 分娩史etiology病因学family history 家族史history, medical history 病史precipitating(induced)诱因marital status婚姻状况menstrual history 月经史menarche 初潮menopause闭经past history既往史pathogenesis 发病机制personal history 个人史symptoms 症状cardinal symptom 主要症状classical symptom 典型症状concomitant symptom 伴发症状constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身症状indirect symptom 间接症状induced symptom 诱发症状local symptom 局部症状mental symptom精神症状symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 综合症，症候群signs体征antecedent 前驱征assident (accessory) 副征commemorative 后遗症sign of death 死征diagnostic诊断征sign of disease 病征subjective 自觉征，主观征vein sign静脉征vital sign 生命体征body length (height of the body) 身高body weight 体重barrel chest 桶状胸cachexia 恶病质compulsive position 被动体位critical facies 病危面容emaciation 消瘦enophthalmos 眼球下陷entropion 睑内翻exophthalmos 眼球突出flushed face 面色潮红gain (loss) in weight 增加(减轻)体重lock-jaw 牙关紧闭lordosis 脊柱前凸nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇动nystagmus 眼震obesity 肥胖pallor 苍白scolisis 脊柱侧凸agitation 焦急不安debility, weakness 虚弱diaphoresis 出汗，大量出汗dizziness, vertigo 眩晕lassitude, fatigue 无力，倦怠malaise 不适night sweat 盗汗numbness 麻木rigor, chill 寒冷，发冷perspiration, sweating 出汗pruritus, itching 痒，somasthenia 躯体无力tingling 麻刺感abscess 脓肿acidosis 酸中毒adhesion 粘连alkalosis 碱中毒allergy 过敏coagulation defect 凝血不良congestion 充血dehydration 脱水distention 膨胀edema 水肿embolism 栓塞，栓塞形成fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水电解质紊乱gangrene 坏疽hematoma 血肿hemorrhage, bleeding 出血infarction 梗塞，梗死infection 传染inflammation 炎症ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒metastasis 转移perforation 穿孔necrosis 坏死shock 休克response 反应，应答reaction 反应，感应thrombosis 血栓形成ulceration 溃疡fever, pyrexia 发烧，发热continuous fever 稽留热intermittent fever 间歇热low-grade fever 低热remittent fever 驰张热relapsing fever 回归热pain 痛burning pain 灼痛chest(flank,…) pain 胸(胁腹…)痛cramp-like pain 痉挛性痛dull, diffused pain 弥漫性钝痛pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性痛radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 放射性痛(放射到…疼痛)angina 绞痛cardiac angina 心绞痛backache 背痛colic 绞痛，急腹痛earache 耳痛headache 头痛neuralgia 神经痛migraine 偏头痛rebound tenderness 反跳痛somatalgia 躯体痛sore throat 咽喉痛stomachache 胃痛toothache 牙痛bloody sputum 带血的痰cough 咳嗽dry cough 干咳expectoration 咳痰expectoration of blood 咳血hemoptysis 咳血anoxia 缺氧apnea 呼吸暂停，窒息asthma 气喘，哮喘Cheyne Stokes respiration 切-斯氏呼吸，潮式呼吸dyspnea 呼吸困难hyperpnea hyperventilation 过度呼吸，换气过度hypopnea 呼吸不全，呼吸浅表hypoxia 低氧，缺氧orthopnea 端坐呼吸respiratory arrest 呼吸停止suffocation 窒息tachypnea 呼吸急促fetid breath 口臭fruity breath 呼吸有水果味arrhythmia 心律失常，心律不齐atelectasis 肺不张，肺膨胀不全cardiac arrest 心搏骤停cardiac hypertrophy 心脏肥大cyanosis 发绀，青紫distension of jugular vein 颈静脉怒张extrasystole 期外收缩gallop rhythm 奔马律hemopleura 血胸hepatojugular reflux 肝颈静脉回流hypovolemia (循环)血容量减少palpitation 心悸tachycardia 心动过速pneumothorax 气胸thrill 震颤absent breath sounds 呼吸音消失dull sound 浊音hyperresonant 鼓音rale 啰音rhonchus, rhonchi 鼾音，干啰音wheeze 哮鸣音anorexia, loss of appetite 食欲不振，厌食dysphagia 吞咽困难eructation 嗳气belching 嗳气flatulence 气胀flatus 肠胃气，屁gaseous distention 胃胀气hematemesis 呕血hiccough, hiccup 打呃，呃逆nausea 恶心pyrosis 胃灼热regurgitation 反胃，回流thirsty 口渴vomiting 呕吐anal fissure, crack in the anal canal 肛裂ascites 腹水board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板状腹decreased tactile fremitus 触觉性震颤减弱exophageal varices 食管静脉曲张fistula 瘘，瘘管hemorrhoid 痔hernia 疝hepatomegaly 肝肿大intussusception 肠套叠jaundice 黄疸muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 腹壁肌卫peristalsis 蠕动loss of peristalsis 蠕动消失mass peristalsis 总蠕动retrograde (reversed) peristalsis 逆蠕动prolapse 脱垂prolapse of anus 脱肛rectal prolapse 直肠脱垂，脱肛volvulus 肠扭转calculus 结石，石biliary calculus 胆结石vesical calculus 膀胱结石constipation 便秘defecation 排便diarrhea 腹泻incontinence of feces 大便失禁hematochezia 便血fecal impaction 大便嵌塞occult blood 潜血painful straining with defecation 排便痛性牵动clay colored stools 陶土色便dark, granular/coffee ground emesis 咖啡样呕吐物fecal vomiting, stercoraceous vomiting 呕粪，吐粪foul fatty stools, steatorrhea 恶臭脂肪便，脂肪痢scanty and hard stools 便少而硬tarry (black) stools 柏油样便anuria 无尿burning sensation no urination 排尿时的灼烧感dysurea 排尿困难，尿痛enuresis, bed wetting 遗尿frequency of urination 尿频micturation 排尿uresis, urination, voiding 排尿nocturia 夜尿oliguria 少尿polyuria 多尿tenesmus 里急后重vesical tenesmus 排尿时里急后重uremia coma 尿毒症昏迷urgency of urination 尿急urinary incontinence 尿失禁aciduria 酸尿chyluria 乳糜尿cylindruia 管型尿glycosuria 糖尿hematuria 血尿ketonuria 酮尿pneumatinuria 气尿proteinuria 蛋白尿pyuria 脓尿amenorrhea 经闭，无月经dysmenorrhea 痛经menorrhagia 月经过多lochia 恶露menorrhea 行经，月经过多menstruation 月经uterine contraction 子宫收缩blotch 斑点bruise 挫伤，青肿acne 痤疮，粉刺desquamation 脱皮，脱屑ecchymosis 瘀斑loss of skin turgor 失去皮肤充盈nevus 痣papule 丘疹petechia 瘀点，瘀斑pigmentation 色素沉着pustule 脓疱purpura 紫癫red nodule 红结节roseola 玫瑰疹scar 伤疤senile plaque 老人斑spider anaioma 蛛形痣subcutaneous nodule 皮下结节urticaria 荨麻疹vesicle 小水疱vitiligo 白斑blindness 失明blurred vision, visual disturbance 视力模糊impaired vision 视力下降lacrimation 流泪papilledema 视神经乳头水肿photophobia 畏光，羞明retinal detachment 视网膜脱离deafness 聋hearing loss 听力丧失tinnitus 耳鸣epistaxis, nasal bleeding 鼻出血impaired smelling 嗅觉障碍nasal discharge 鼻涕nasal obstruction 鼻塞sneeze 喷嚏snore 打鼾aphonia, loss of voice 失音症hoarseness 嘶哑gum bleeding 齿龈出血herpes labialis 唇疱疹，感冒疮Koplik's spots 科普利克斑lead line of the gum 龈铅线salivation, drooling 流口水straw-berry tongue 草莓舌tremulous tongue 舌震颤atrophy 萎缩contracture 挛缩deformity 畸形，变形dislocation 脱位fracture 骨折closed (simple)fracture 无创骨折，单纯性骨折comminuted fracture 粉碎性骨折compound fracture 哆开(开放性)骨折knock-knee 膝外翻opisthotonos 角弓反张prosthesis 假体spasm 痉挛tetany (肌)强直，手足抽搦wrist drop 腕下垂aphasia 失语ataxia 共济失调coma 昏迷consciousness 知觉，意识convulsion 抽搐，惊厥delirium 谵妄delusion 妄想faint 昏厥hallucination 幻觉hemiplegia 偏瘫increased intracranial pressure 颅内压增高insanity 精神错乱loss of orientation 定向丧失mania 躁狂memory defects, amnesia 记忆缺损，遗忘症paraplegia 截瘫，下身麻痹projectile vomiting 喷射性呕吐somnolence, (lethargy) 昏睡，嗜睡stupor 木僵，昏呆tetraplegia 四肢瘫痪unconsciousness 失去知觉yawning 打哈欠crisis 危象cerebral (febrile, hematic, hemolytic,hypertensive, thyrotoxic, ……) crisis脑(热、血性、溶血、高血压、甲状腺中毒…)危象failure 衰竭，故障central (circulatory, cardiac, myocardiac, peripheral, congestive, renal, respiratory) failure中枢(循环、心力、心肌、周围循环、充血性、肾、呼吸…)衰竭diagnosis诊断auscultation 听诊inspection 视诊palpation触诊percussion 叩诊laboratory examination 实验室检查physical examination 体格检查rectal (vaginal) touch 直肠(阴道)指诊impression 印象tentative diagnosis 暂定诊断differential diagnosis 鉴别诊断final diagnosis 最后诊断prognosis 预后prescription 处方incubation (latent) period 潜伏期prodromal stage 前驱期incipient stage 初期quiescent stage 静止期alleviation 减轻，缓和remission 缓解attack 发作convalescence (recovery) stage 恢复期therapies 治疗方法acupuncture therapy 针刺疗法block therapy 封闭疗法chemical therpy (chemo-therapy) 化学疗法combined therapy 综合疗法conservative therapy 保守疗法constitutional therapy 全身疗法dietetic therapy 饮食疗法operative treatment 手术疗法palliative treatment, alleviative treatment 姑息疗法physical therapy 物理疗法psychotherapy 精神疗法radical treatment 根治radio-therapy 放射性疗法supporting treatment 支持疗法symptomatic treatment对症疗法cardiac massage 心脏按摩cardiac pacing 心脏起博electrotherapy 电疗法electroshock treatment 电休克疗法hemodialysis 血液透析hyperbaric therapy 高压氧疗法insulin-shock treatment 胰岛素休克疗法light therapy 光疗法therapeutic gymnastics 医疗体育。

医学常用中英文名称Introduction医学是研究人体结构、功能、生理和病理等方面的学科。

在临床实践和医学研究中，使用准确的中英文名称对疾病、药物、诊断测试和相关术语进行描述是至关重要的。

本文将介绍一些医学常用中英文名称，帮助读者更好地理解和使用相关医学术语。

1. 疾病1.1 心脑血管疾病- 中风 (Stroke)- 冠状动脉疾病 (Coronary Artery Disease)- 高血压 (Hypertension)- 心功能不全 (Heart Failure)- 心肌梗死 (Myocardial Infarction)1.2 呼吸系统疾病- 哮喘 (Asthma)- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, COPD) - 肺癌 (Lung Cancer)- 肺炎 (Pneumonia)- 支气管炎 (Bronchitis)1.3 消化系统疾病- 胃溃疡 (Gastric Ulcer)- 肝炎 (Hepatitis)- 胰腺炎 (Pancreatitis)- 结直肠癌 (Colorectal Cancer)- 胆结石 (Gallstone)1.4 泌尿生殖系统疾病- 肾炎 (Nephritis)- 前列腺癌 (Prostate Cancer)- 尿路感染 (Urinary Tract Infection, UTI) - 子宫颈癌 (Cervical Cancer)- 乳腺癌 (Breast Cancer)2. 药物2.1 常用药物- 对乙酰氨基酚 (Paracetamol)- 阿司匹林 (Aspirin)- 氨茶碱 (Aminophylline)- 抗生素 (Antibiotics)- 维生素 (Vitamins)2.2 常见处方药- 氯化钠注射液 (Sodium Chloride Injection)- 静脉注射用头孢菌素 (Ceftriaxone Sodium Injection) - 对乙酰氨基酚片 (Paracetamol Tablets)- 氯化钠滴眼液 (Sodium Chloride Eye Drops)- 链霉素眼膏 (Chlortetracycline Eye Ointment)3. 诊断测试3.1 血液检测- 血常规检查 (Complete Blood Count, CBC)- 血糖测定 (Blood Glucose Measurement)- 血液型鉴定 (Blood Typing)- 凝血功能检查 (Coagulation Function Test)- 血清肌酸激酶测定 (Creatine Kinase Measurement) 3.2 影像学检查- X射线 (X-ray)- 磁共振成像 (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI) - 乳腺X射线检查 (Mammography)- 超声波检查 (Ultrasound)- 骨密度测定 (Bone Densitometry)4. 术语4.1 临床术语- 体温 (Body Temperature)- 血压 (Blood Pressure)- 心率 (Heart Rate)- 呼吸频率 (Respiratory Rate)- 疼痛评估 (Pain Assessment)4.2 解剖学术语- 大脑 (Brain)- 心脏 (Heart)- 肺 (Lungs)- 肝脏 (Liver)- 肾脏 (Kidney)结论以上是一些医学常用中英文名称的介绍。

医学领域英语词汇全集以下是医学领域常用的英语词汇全集，供参考：1. Anatomy（解剖学）- Skeleton（骨骼）- Muscles（肌肉）- Organs（器官）- Nerves（神经）2. Physiology（生理学）- Circulatory system（循环系统）- Respiratory system（呼吸系统）- Digestive system（消化系统）- Endocrine system（内分泌系统）3. Diseases（疾病）- Cancer（癌症）- Diabetes（糖尿病）- Hypertension（高血压）- Influenza（流感）4. Medical Procedures（医疗程序）- Surgery（外科手术）- Radiology（放射学）- Physical therapy（物理疗法）- Chemotherapy（化疗）5. Medications（药物）- Antibiotics（抗生素）- Analgesics（止痛药）- Antidepressants（抗抑郁药）- Antihistamines（抗组胺药）6. Medical Equipment（医疗设备）- Stethoscope（听诊器）- X-ray machine（X光机）- Ultrasound machine（超声波机）- Blood pressure monitor（血压计）7. Medical Specialties（医学专业）- Cardiology（心脏病学）- Dermatology（皮肤病学）- Gynecology（妇科学）- Pediatrics（儿科学）8. Medical Ethics（医学伦理）- Informed consent（知情同意）- Confidentiality（保密性）- Patient autonomy（患者自主权）- Non-maleficence（不伤害原则）9. Medical Research（医学研究）- Clinical trials（临床试验）- Case studies（病例研究）- Epidemiology（流行病学）- Genetic research（遗传研究）以上是医学领域常用的英语词汇全集。

(完整版)医学专业英语词汇医学专业英语词汇1. 基础词汇- Medicine - 医学- Clinic - 诊所- Doctor - 医生- Patient - 患者- Hospital - 医院- Health - 健康- Disease - 疾病- Treatment - 治疗- Symptom - 症状- Diagnosis - 诊断- Prescription - 处方- Surgery - 手术- Laboratory - 实验室- Research - 研究- University - 大学- Medical - 医疗的- Nurse - 护士- Pharmacist - 药剂师- Therapist - 治疗师- Vaccine - 疫苗- X-ray - X光片- HIV - 人类免疫缺陷病毒- Cancer - 癌症- Diabetes - 糖尿病- Heart - 心脏- Kidney - 肾脏- Liver - 肝脏2. 解剖学词汇- Anatomy - 解剖学- Skeleton - 骨骼- Muscle - 肌肉- Nervous system - 神经系统- Digestive system - 消化系统- Respiratory system - 呼吸系统- Circulatory system - 循环系统- Skeletal system - 骨骼系统- Muscular system - 肌肉系统- Nervous tissue - 神经组织- Respiratory tract - 呼吸道- Circulatory system - 循环系统- Digestive tract - 消化道- Central nervous system - 中枢神经系统- Peripheral nervous system - 外周神经系统- Endocrine system - 内分泌系统- Urinary system - 泌尿系统3. 疾病词汇- Infection - 感染- Allergy - 过敏- Fever - 发烧- Inflammation - 炎症- Pain - 疼痛- Cough - 咳嗽- Headache - 头痛- Fatigue - 疲劳- Depression - 抑郁症- High blood pressure - 高血压- Arthritis - 关节炎- Asthma - 哮喘- Alzheimer's disease - 阿尔茨海默病- Stroke - 中风- Multiple sclerosis - 多发性硬化症- Pneumonia - 肺炎- Cancer - 癌症- Diabetes - 糖尿病- Heart disease - 心脏病- Kidney disease - 肾脏疾病- Liver disease - 肝脏疾病- Sexually transmitted disease - 性传播疾病4. 检查和测试词汇- Blood test - 血液检查- Urine test - 尿液检查- X-ray - X光检查- Ultrasound - 超声波- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) - 磁共振成像- ECG (Electrocardiogram) - 心电图- PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography) - 正电子发射断层扫描- Colonoscopy - 结肠镜检查- Pap smear - 涂片检查- Biopsy - 活检- Lymph node biopsy - 淋巴结活检- Bone marrow biopsy - 骨髓活检5. 药物相关词汇- Medication - 药物- Drug - 药品- Prescription - 处方药- Over-the-counter (OTC) - 非处方药- Antibiotics - 抗生素- Analgesics - 镇痛药- Antidepressants - 抗抑郁药- Antipyretics - 退热药- Antihistamines - 抗组织胺药- Anticoagulants - 抗凝药- Opioids - 麻醉药- Diuretics - 利尿药- Antivirals - 抗病毒药- Anti-inflammatory - 抗炎药- Beta blockers - 贝塔受体阻滞剂- Statins - 他汀类药物- Vaccines - 疫苗- Insulin - 胰岛素- Cholesterol-lowering drugs - 降低胆固醇药物以上是医学专业英语词汇的一部分，希望对您的学习和工作有所帮助。

医学词汇翻译Medical Vocabulary Translation医学词汇翻译1. Diagnosis: 诊断2. Symptom: 症状3. Treatment: 治疗4. Prescription: 处方5. Medicine: 药物6. Surgery: 手术7. Anesthesia: 麻醉8. Recovery: 康复9. Rehabilitation: 康复治疗10. Disease: 疾病11. Chronic: 慢性的12. Acute: 急性的13. Infection: 感染14. Inflammation: 炎症15. Fever: 发烧16. Pain: 疼痛17. Cough: 咳嗽18. Headache: 头痛19. Nausea: 恶心20. Vomiting: 呕吐21. Diarrhea: 腹泻22. Constipation: 便秘23. Fatigue: 疲劳24. Allergy: 过敏25. Rash: 皮疹26. Swelling: 肿胀27. Bruise: 瘀伤28. Wound: 伤口29. Bleeding: 出血30. X-ray: X射线31. Ultrasound: 超声波32. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): 核磁共振成像33. Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): 心电图34. Blood pressure: 血压35. Heart rate: 心率36. Respiratory rate: 呼吸频率37. Blood test: 血液检查38. Urine test: 尿液检查39. Stool test: 大便检查40. Cancer: 癌症41. Diabetes: 糖尿病42. Hypertension: 高血压43. Asthma: 哮喘44. Arthritis: 关节炎45. Stroke: 中风46. Heart attack: 心脏病发作47. Alzheimer's disease: 阿尔茨海默病48. Parkinson's disease: 帕金森病49. Epilepsy: 癫痫病50. Insomnia: 失眠以上是医学词汇的翻译。

General Medical TerminologyAl-ler-gy 过敏Alternative medicine 另类疗法Car-di-o-logy 心脏学Car-di-o-vas-cu-lar 心脏血管的Den-tis-try 牙医术Der-ma-to-logy 皮肤（病）学Gas-tric 胃的& In-tes-tine 肠肠胃General medicine 普通内科Ge-ri-a-trics 老年病学He-ma-to-logy 血液学In-fec-tious diseases 传染病In-ha-la-tion therapy 呼吸治疗科Neo-na-to-logy 新生儿（科）学Neu-ro-logy 神经病学Ob-ste-trics 产科& Gy-ne-co-logy 妇科Oph-thal-mo-logy 眼科Or-tho-don-tics 畸齿矫正学Or-tho-pe-dics 整形外科、整形手术O-to-la-ryn-go-logy 耳鼻喉科Pe-di-a-trics 小儿科Plastic surgery 整形手术Psy-chi-a-try 精神病学Ra-di-o-logy 放射学、放射线科Sexually Trans-mitted Diseases 性传染病Surgery 外科、诊所、手术室Trau-ma 创伤、外伤、精神创伤U-ro-logy 泌尿科学Ad-mit-ting office 住院处Cardiac Care Unit (C.C.U.)心脏病监护病房Dental clinic 牙科诊所Emergency department 急症科Extended care unit (ECU) 持续监护病房Home care/Long term care unit 家庭护理Intensive Care Unit (ICU) 加护病房La-bo-ra-tory 实验室Labor/Delivery room 产房Medical office/Clinic 医务所Medical records department 病历室、病历科Mor-tu-a-ry 停尸间、太平间Nursing home 疗养院Occupational therapy department 职业治疗部Operating room 手术室Out-patient department 门诊部Phar-ma-cy 药房、药剂学Phy-si-o-therapy department 理疗科、物理治疗部Private/Semi-private/Standard room私家/半私家/普通病房Public health unit 公共卫生中心Radio-therapy unit 放射治疗部Recovery room 恢复室Re-ha-bi-li-tation center 康复中心Speech therapy unit 语言治疗部Terminal Care Unit (T.C.U.) 末期护理部Ward 病房A-cu-punc-tu-rist 针灸医生Al-ler-gist 过敏症专治医师Am-bu-lance pa-ra-me-dic 紧急救援人员A-nes-the-tist 麻醉医生At-ten-dant physician 巡诊医师Au-di-o-logist 听力学家Cardi-o-logist 心脏病学家Chi-ro-prac-tor 脊椎神经科医师，脊椎指压治疗医师Clinical pa-tho-logist 临床病理学家Clinical psy-cho-logist 临床心理学家Community health nurse 社区保健护士Dental surgeon/Dentist 牙医Der-ma-to-logist 皮肤科医生Di-ag-nos-tic radi-o-logist 放射诊断医生En-do-cri-no-logist 内分泌学家Family physician 家庭医生Gas-tro-ente-ro-logist 肠胃科医生，消化科医师General practitioner 全科医生General surgeon （普通）外科医生Ge-ri-a-tri-cian 老年医学专家Gy-ne-co-logist 妇科医生andob-ste-tri-cian 产科医生Nurse 护士Nutritionist/Dietician 营养学家Ob-ste-tri-cian 产科医生Occupational therapist 职业治疗师On-co-logist 肿瘤科医生Oph-thal-mo-logist 眼科医生Op-to-me-trist 验光师Oral hy-gie-nist 口腔卫生师Or-the-o-path 按摩医生Or-tho-don-tist 牙齿矫正医师Or-tho-pae-dist 整形外科医师Or-tho-pe-dic surgeon 整形外科医生O-to-la-ryn-go-logist / ENT specialist 耳鼻喉科医生ear, nose and throat specialist Pa-ra-me-dic 护理员Pe-di-a-tri-cian 小儿科医生Phar-ma-cist 药剂师Phy-si-cian 内科医生Phy-si-o-the-ra-pist 理疗师Plastic surgeon 整形外科Po-di-a-trist 足科医生He-ma-to-logist 血液学家Her-ba-list doctor 草药医生Homecare worker家务助理员Intern 实习医师Medical technologist医疗专家Mid-wife 助产员Ne-phro-logist肾病学家Neu-ro-logist神经病学家Neuro-surgeon 神经外科医师Psy-chi-a-trist 精神科医生Pul-mo-no-logist 胸腔内科医师Radiologist放射线学者Radiotherapist放射线治疗医师Resident Doctor 住院医生Rheumatologist 风湿病学家Speech therapist 语言治疗师Thoracic surgeon 胸外科医师Urologist 泌尿科医师Veterinarian 兽医Ache all over 周身酸痛Acute pain 急性剧痛Back pain 背痛、腰痛Burning pain 灼痛Chest pain 胸痛Colic 绞痛Continuous pain 持续痛Cramping pain （腹部）绞痛Crushing pain 压迫痛Distended pain 胀痛Dull pain 钝痛Earache 耳痛Headache 头痛Hunger pain 饥饿痛、空腹痛Intermittent pain 间歇痛、阵痛Labor pain 产痛Low back pain 腰痛Mild pain 轻微痛疼Pain comes at intervals 一阵阵的痛Persistent pain 持续性疼痛Piercing pain 刺痛Pressing pain 压痛Prickling pain 针扎似的痛Radiating pain 放射性痛、发散性痛Severe pain 剧痛Sharp pain 锐痛Slight pain 微痛、小痛Sore pain 肿痛Stabbing pain 刺痛Stomachache 胃痛、肚子痛Tearing pain 撕裂痛Throbbing pain 搏动性疼痛Tingling pain 刺痛Toothache牙痛Anxiety 焦虑Biter taste on my tongue 口苦Black Out 昏迷Bloated 肿胀的、发胀的Bloody stoolBoil/Furuncle or abcess Bowel movementCan't concentrateCan't crouchCan't see clearlyChest feels tightChillsComaConstipationDepressionDiarrheaDifficulty in swallowing DislocationDistended abdomen Disturbance of speech Dizziness/giddinessDizzy/Giddy/FaintDroolDrowsyEar dischargeEye dischargeEyelid itchingEyelid swollenFatigueFatigues easilyFeverFractureGritty/Sandy in eyes Gurgling sound in my abdomen Hallucination Hard stool Headache HeatstrokeHiccupHigh feverHoarse Voice Impotence Indigestion InflammationLoss of hearingLoss of interestLoss of voiceLost appetiteLost weightLumpy stoolMucus in stool Muscle spasmNasal bleedingNasal discharge NauseaNight sweatsNose itchingNumbPale faceParalysisPass gas; pass flatus Pimple (Papule/Pustule) PoisoningPussy discharge RadiatingRashRed and swollen throat RelapseRinging in my earsRunny nose Scalded by hot water See things moving Sense of spinning ShiveringShort of breath SneezeSnoreSore eyesSore throat SputumStop bleeding StuffySuicidal tendency Swalloed fishbone SweatsTarry black stool Temperature Tension/NervousInsect sting InsomniaIrregular heartbeats ItchItchy and swollen Itchy throatJaw is dislocated Light headache Loose and watery Stool Loose stoolLoss of confidence ThirstyThrow up or vomit TirednessTremor Uncomfortable Unconsciousness Urinate frequently VertigoVomitWatery eyes WeaknessBad breathHalitosisToothacheCanineCeramic crown CrownDental calculus (Tartar) DentistDentureDenturist FillingGold crownGumIncisorMolar Orthodontics Orthodontist PeriodontistRoot canal treatmentStutter Veneer crown Diseases Aphthous Ulcer Cavity Dental abscess /tooth abscess Periodontal disease StomatitisBaldnessBirthmark/NevusBurnCancerContusion (Bruise)Dry skinFreckleFuruncle (Boil) HyperhidrosisMoleRashScabiesSunburnTinea (Ringworm infection) Wart Athletes footAllergic contact dermatitis CornDermatitisDrug eruptionEczemaFrost biteInfantile eczemaLupusMeaslesPimplePsoriasisRed Rash/RoseolaSkin cancerUrticariaAmenorrhea/no menstruation Ankles and feet are swollen Blood clots in my menstruation Breast engorgementCramp in my legsDischarge is blood stained Episiotomy wound hurtsFoul vaginal dischargeHeavy vaginal bleeding Heavy vaginal discharge Heavy/scant menstruationIn laborIrregular periodsMenstrual painMissed a periodMorning sicknessMucus dischargePregnant/ExpectingProlapse of uterusSome blood on my panties/Have showSore nipplesSterile (Can't get pregnant)Swollen breastsThin/Thick/Purulent dischargeThrow up every morning or morning sicknessUterine contractionsVaginal spottingYellowish/Greenish/Brownish discharge Cesarean sectionD & C (dilation and curettage of uterus) DeliveryEpidural analgesiaFetal movementHormone imbalanceIncubatorInduced abortionInduced laborMembrane ruptureMenopauseMiscarriage/AbortionPremature delivery Sterilization Therapeutic abortionTo weanTubal sterilization Umbilical cordUterusCandida vaginal infection Cervical polyp Cervicitis EndometriosisFibroid uterus Menstruation disorder Ovarian cystVulva itchy/soreWater has brokenWhite cheesy discharge Yellowish skin/Jaundice Ovarian tumorPelvic infection Trichomoniasis VaginitisBlurred vision Double visionDry eyesDull pain in eyeEye dischargeEyelid is itchyEyelid is swollen Flying objects/Floaters Foreign body in the eye Gritty/Sandy in eyes PhotophobiaPussy discharge Severe pain in cheekbone Smarting pain around eye Sticky discharge Watering eyesCorneaDiplopiaEye ballIrisLensOptometristPoor visionPupilRetinalScleraTearVisual activity Visual disturbance Astigmatism BlepharitisBlurred vision CataractColor blindness Conjunctivitis Esotropia (Cross-eye) Dacryocystitis Diabetic retinopathy Glaucoma HyperopiaKeratitisLacrimal duct Macular degeneration Myopia NyctalopiaOptic neuritis Photophobia PresbyopiaRetinal detachment RetinitisSquintStyeTrachoma TrichiasisBurning pain in earsCerumen (Ear wax)Difficulty in hearingDiplacusisEar dischargeEaracheTinnitus (Ringing in the ears) Some loss of hearingCan't distinguish smell Epistaxis (Nose bleed)Lost sense of smellNasal congestionNasal discharge stained with blood Noisy breathingNose itchesPostnasal dripPussy dischargeRhinorrhea (Nasal discharge) Running noseSensitive to pollen/weather change/dust SneezeSnoreStuffyBitter taste in tongueChokeClear throatDifficulty in swallowing DroolDry/Furry tongue Hoarse voiceLoss of voiceSore/Itching /Red throat Swollen throat Hearing aidInner earMiddle earNasal cavityOuter ear Pharyngeal tonsil Semicircular canal Tongue TonsilTympanic membrane (Ear drum) UvulaVocal cordAllergic rhinitisCanker soreDiphtheriaEpistaxisLaryngitisNasopharyngeal cancerOtitis mediaPharyngitisSinusitisTinnitusTonsillitisBlack-outCan't move my limbs ConfusionDazed condition Delirium Disturbance of speech Disturbance of vision DizzinessDrowsyExcited condition IllusionIntermittent tingling pain Light headacheLoss of consciousness NauseaNeck and back are stiff NervousPeriodic headache SpinningSudden dizziness SyncopeThings moving or vertigo TinnitusFatigueHemiplegiaInsomniaMarrow aspiration NumbParalysisParaplegiaPins and needles QuadriplegiaTremorSpinal cordUnconsciousVertigoApoplexyBrain tumorCerebral ischemia Cerebral embolism Cerebral hemorrhage Cerebral thrombosis Concussion of the brain EncephalitisEpilepsyHerpes zosterTremorVomiting/Diarrhea/Sweating AnxietyBrainCerebellumCerebrumComaConcussion Convulsion DepressionHysteriaMeningitisMigraineNeuralgia Neurasthenia Parkinson's disease Sciatica Subarachnoid hemorrhage Trigeminal neuralgiaBeating extremely fast Black outBurning feeling in chest Chest painChest tightDizzy/GiddyFaintedIrregular heartbeatPale faceShort of breathSpinningSudden stop in my heartbeat AnemiaAngioplasty ArteryAtriumBlood vesselCoronary artery by-pass operation CyanosisEdema (Dropsy)HeartHeart attackLymph nodePalpitationValve replacementVeinVentricleAneurysmAnginaArrhythmia Arteriosclerosi BronchitisCardiac arrest Cardiac asthma Congenital heart disease Coronary heart disease Coronary occlusion Corpulmonale EndocarditisHeart blockHeart complication Heart failure Heart murmur HypotensionMitral stenosis Myocardial infarction Myocarditis Paroxysmal tachycardia Pericarditis Rheumatic heart disease ScurvyThrombosis TracheitisValvular cyanosis Valvular incompetence Valvular stenosisAsthmaBlood-streaked sputum Chest burningChest painCold sweatingCough a lot Hematemesis (vomit blood) Hemoptysis (cough up blood) Dry coughFever on and offFrothy sputumGrey sputumMoist coughPink sputumRadiating to armpitShort of breathShort of breath after exertion Thick sputum Wheezing stridor White sputum Yellow sputum AllergicAllergyAsthma BronchusHay feverLungPolypNasal congestion Asthma Bronchiectasis Bronchitis Bronchopneumonia Common coldEmphysema Hemoptysis Influenza (Flu) Lung cancer Pertussis Pharyngitis Pleural effusion Pleurisy Pneumonia Pneumothorax Pulmonary tuberculosis RhinitisSinusitisTracheitisUpper respiratory infectionAbdominal enlargementAcid regurgitated from stomach AnorexiaVomitWater brashAppendixAppetiteBad breathBleeding from AnusBlood in stoolBowel movementBurning pain in anus ConstipationCramping painDiarrhoeaDifficulty in swallowing Distended abdomenFecal incontinence FlatulenceGas frequentlyGeneral abdominal pain Gurgling soundGurgling sound in abdomen Hard stool HeartburnHiccupIndigestionLoose and watery stool Loose anusLoose stoolLost appetiteLumpy stoolMucus in stool NauseaOn and off painPass Gas/FartPass out bloodPass out worms Prolapsed anus Sense of pressure StomachacheTarry black stool ThirstThrow up (vomit) Upset stomachGall bladderPancreasAppendicitisAscitesCholangitisCholecystitisCholeraCirrhosis of liverColitisDiarrhoeaDuodenal ulcerDysenteryEnterogatritis (Gastro-enteritis) EsophagitisEsophagus cancerGallstoneGastric ulcerGastritisGastroptosisHematemesis Hemorrhoids/Piles Hepatic failure HepatitisHerniaHiatus hernia Hyperacidity Indigestion Intestinal catarrh Intestinal obstruction Intestinal tuberculosis JaundiceLiver cancer Pancreatitis Perirectal abscess PeritonitisPyrosis (Heartburn) Rectal cancer Stomach cancer Typhoid feverBlood in my urineBurning feeling when urinating Cloudy yellow urineCoffee color or brown urine Dysuria (Difficulty in urinating) IncontinenceLumbagoRetention of urineTea-colored urineUrinated frequentlyAdrenal glandBladder ImpotenceKidneyOliguriaPain on urination PenisPolyuriaProstateSwelling of testis TestisUrethraUrinary incontinence Bladder stoneCalculusCystitisDiabetesEnuresisGonorrheaHematuriaHypertrophy of the prostate NephritisNephrolithNephrosisPhimosisPremature ejaculation PyelonephritisRenal failure/Kidney failure Renal stone/Kidney stone Renal tuberculosis SyphilisTumor of the kidney UremiaUreteral stoneUrethritisUrinary tract infection Venereal diseaseAddictionAdvance care planning Advance health care directive AnalgesicAnorexiaAntibioticAntidepressantHome health aideHospice careHospital bedIncontinenceInformed consent form InsomniaIntubationJaundiceAnxietyArtificial nutrition and hydration Artificial ventilation AutonomyBed-side commodeBedsore/pressure sore BereavementBereavement supportBioethicsBiofeedback therapyBrain deathCardiac arrestCardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) Case manager (nurse)ChaplainComfort careCommunicationCompetentConfusionConstipationDeath and dyingDeliriumDepressionDiaperDiarrheaDo Not Intubate (DNI)Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) DrowsinessDrug toleranceDurable power of attorney DysphagiaDyspneaEdemaEmpathyEnd-of-life careEthical dilemmaEuthanasiaFatigueGriefHallucinationHematuriaHemorrhageKidney dialysisLiving willMedical decision-making capacity Medical equipmentMedical futilityMourningMusic therapyNatural deathNauseaNonopioidsOccupational therapy OpioidsOxygen machineOxygen maskOxygen tankPain managementPain medicationPalliative careParalysisPhysical therapy Prolonging dyingQuality of life Registered nurse Rehabilitation medicine Relaxation technique Respiratory arrestRespite careShortness of breathSide effectsSocial workerSponge bathSpiritual careTerminal condition TitrationTotal painUrinary retentionUrine incontinence VomitingWalkerWheel chairWeaknessWithholding or withdrawing Life-sustaining treatment。

White blood count 白血球计数YY/O year old 年龄Z zero 零The cardiovascular system 心血管系统lungs 肺脏venis vessels血管capillaries微血管cardi 心脏arteries 动脉blood clot凝血The Hemic and Lymphatic System血液及淋巴系统Blood 血液Red blood cell 红血球White blood cell白血球Platelet血小板The Respiratory System 呼吸系统Bronchial tube主支气管Alveoii气泡Pharynx咽Larynx喉Trachea气管Lung肺Bronchioles小支气管Pleura胸膜Chest 胸Air 气The Digestive System 消化系统Lips唇teeth 牙齿tongue舌bile duct 胆管gallbladder 胆囊duodenum十二指肠jejunum空肠ileum 回肠appendix 阑尾small intestine小肠large intestine大肠rectum 直肠anus 肛门pancreas胰stomach 胃esophagus食道pharynx咽The Endocrine System Glands 腺体Adrenals肾上腺Pancreas胰Pituitary 脑下腺Thyroid and parathyroids 甲状腺和副甲状腺Breasts 乳房Ovaries 卵巢Testes睾丸The Nervous System Brain 脑Spinal cord 脊髓Vertebra脊椎Cranium颅腔Meninges脑膜Nerves神经The Musculoskeletal System 肌肉骨系统Skull 头骨Clavicle锁骨Sternum 胸骨Ribs 助骨Joints 关节Ligaments 韧带Tendons 肌腱Cartilage 软骨The Urinary and Male Reproductive System 泌尿及男性生殖系统Cortex皮质Urinary膀胱Urethra尿道Ureters输尿管Kidney 肾脏Renal pelvis 肾孟Vas deferens精管Urinary bladder 膀胱prostate gland前列腺scrotum 阴囊testis 睾丸penis阴茎urethra尿道The Organs of Special Senses 特殊感觉器官Acoustic nerve听神经Ear 耳朵Hearing 听觉的tube 耳咽管Eardrum 耳骨膜Eustachian 欧式管Nasal cavities 鼻腔Nose 鼻Eyelid眼睑Lens晶球体Carnea角膜Tear duct泪管Conjunctiva结膜Choroid layer 脉络膜Retina视网膜Sclera巩膜Optic nerve视神经Obstetrics & Hynecology 妇产科常用字汇Fallopian tube输卵管Ovary 卵巢Uterus子宫Vagina阴道Vulva女阴(外生殖器官) 脑部系统cerebrum 大脑corpus callosum 胼胝体thalamus 视丘cerebellum 小脑diencephalon 间脑cerebral peduncles大脑脚infundibulum漏斗hypophysis 脑下垂体midbrain 中脑pons 桥脑medulla 延脑brain stem 脑干眼球构造pupil 瞳孔suspensory ligaments 悬韧带ciliary process捷状突retinal veins网膜静脉retinal arteries网膜动脉optic nerve视神经anterior chamber前眼房posterior chamber 後眼房iris虹膜vitreous body 玻璃状体internal rectus muscle 内直肌lacrimal puncta泪孔lacrimal canaliculi泪小管lacrimal gland 泪腺excretory lacrimal duct 泪腺管eyebrow眉毛耳朵构造cochlea 耳蜗eustachian tube 耳咽管helix 耳壳tympanic membrance 鼓膜external auditory canal 外耳道semicircular canals半规管malleus锤骨vestibulocochlear nerve前庭耳蜗神经口腔gingiva 齿龈molars 大臼齿premolars 小臼齿canines犬齿incisors 门齿vestibule of mouth 口腔前庭upper lip 上唇upper lip frenulum 上唇系带alveolar provess齿槽突hard palate硬颚palatine tonsil颚扁桃腺sublingual caruncle 舌下阜八、医院内常见单字Hospital 医院Nursing school = nursing home 护理学校(nursing home) Private convalescence hospital慢性疾病或恢复期的患者寮养的私立小医院(nursery school) 处理幼稚园之幼儿的地方Department of Medicine = Department of Internal Medicine 内科Resident in medicine 内科住院医师Chief of Medicine 内科主任(Medical man)Internist = intern = intern 实习生(Internist = 内科医师)House officer 医院医师的称呼Junior and senior students 医学院学生(通常3或4学生) Extern 医院实习生Clinical clerk 从事病历记录实习之学生Student nurse 护理学生Graduate nurse护理学校毕业的护士Registered nurse (R.N.)取得考试许可证Supervisor督导护士Head nurse护士长Scrub nurse 手术助理护士。

医学常用英语在医学领域，英语的使用非常广泛，因为许多医学术语和概念都是用英语表达的。

以下是一些医学常用英语词汇和短语的整理，这些词汇在医学教育、研究和临床实践中都非常重要。

1. 基本术语- Anemia: 贫血- Antibiotic: 抗生素- Cardiovascular: 心血管的- Chronic: 慢性的- Diabetes: 糖尿病- Infection: 感染- Immunity: 免疫力- Pathogen: 病原体- Surgery: 外科手术2. 诊断相关- Diagnosis: 诊断- Symptom: 症状- Prognosis: 预后- Differential diagnosis: 鉴别诊断- Clinical trial: 临床试验- Diagnostic test: 诊断测试3. 治疗相关- Treatment: 治疗- Therapy: 疗法- Medication: 药物- Prescription: 处方- Dosage: 剂量- Side effect: 副作用4. 医学设备和工具- Stethoscope: 听诊器- Syringe: 注射器- Scalpel: 手术刀- X-ray: X光- MRI: 磁共振成像- ECG: 心电图5. 医学专业和角色- Physician: 医生- Surgeon: 外科医生- Nurse: 护士- Pharmacist: 药剂师- Radiologist: 放射科医生 - Pathologist: 病理学家6. 医学研究- Research: 研究- Hypothesis: 假设- Clinical study: 临床研究 - Epidemiology: 流行病学 - Biomedical: 生物医学- Pharmacology: 药理学7. 医疗保健系统- Healthcare: 医疗保健- Hospital: 医院- Clinic: 诊所- Insurance: 保险- Primary care: 初级保健- Specialist: 专科医生8. 医学伦理- Ethics: 伦理- Consent: 同意- Confidentiality: 保密- Malpractice: 医疗事故- Informed consent: 知情同意9. 医学教育- Curriculum: 课程- Lecture: 讲座- Seminar: 研讨会- Internship: 实习- Residency: 住院医师10. 公共卫生- Public health: 公共卫生- Epidemic: 流行病- Pandemic: 大流行- Vaccination: 疫苗接种- Hygiene: 卫生这些词汇和短语是医学领域中的基础，对于医学生、医生、研究人员和其他医疗保健专业人员来说，掌握这些英语表达是非常重要的。

常用缩写AAA, abdominal aortic aneurysm 腹主动脉瘤ABFB, aortobifemoral bypass 主双股动脉旁路术ABI, ankle-brachial index 踝肱指数ACA, anterior cerebral artery 大脑前动脉ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme 血管紧张素转化酶ACT, activated clotting time 活化凝血时间ADA, American Diabetes Association 美国糖尿病协会ADP, adenosine diphosphate 二磷酸腺苷AEF, aortoenteric fistula 主动脉肠道瘘AF, atrial fibrillation 房颤AFB, aortofemoral bypass 主股旁路术AGE, advanced glycosylation end product 高级糖基化终末产物AHA, American Heart Association 美国心脏病协会AHRQ, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality 健康保健研究及质量控制委员会AI,aortoiliac 主髂AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 获得性免疫缺陷综合征AKA, above-knee amputation 膝上截肢术AMP, adenosine monophosphate 单磷酸腺苷APC, activated protein C 活化蛋白CAPG, air plethysmography 空气体积描记术aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time 活化部分凝血酶原时间ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker 血管紧张素受体阻滞剂ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome 急性呼吸窘迫综合征ARF, acute renal failure 急性肾衰ASA, acetylsalicylic acid 阿司匹林ATN, acute tubular necrosis 急性肾小管坏死ATP, adenosine triphosphate 三磷酸腺苷AVE, arteriovenous fistula 动静脉瘘AVG, arteriovenous graft 动静脉移植物AVM, arteriovenous malformation 动静脉畸形AVP, ambulatory venous pressure 非卧床静脉压bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor碱性成纤维细胞生长因子BKA, below-knee amputation 膝下截肢BSA, body surface area 体表面积BUN, blood urea nitrogen血尿素氮CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting 冠状动脉旁路术CAD, coronary artery disease 冠状动脉疾病CAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate 环磷酸腺苷CAS, carotid artery stenting 颈动脉支架置入术CAVH, continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration连续动静脉血液滤过CAVHDF, continuous arteriovenous hemodiafiltration 连续动静脉血液透析滤过法CCA, common carotid artery 颈总动脉CCB, calcium channel blocker 钙通道阻滞剂CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention疾病控制和预防中心CEA, carotid endarterectomy 颈动脉内膜切除术CEAP, clinical, etiologic, anatomic, pathologic [staging system] 临床的，病因学，解剖学，病理学（分级体系）CEA, common femoral artery 股总动脉CFV, common femoral vein 股总静脉cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate 环磷酸鸟苷CI, confidence interval 置信区间CIA, common iliac artery 髂总动脉CK-MB, MB isozyme of creatine kinase 肌酸激酶同工酶CLI, critical limb ischemia 严重下肢缺血CMS, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services 医疗保险和补助中心CNS, central nervous system 中枢神经系统CO, carbon monoxide 一氧化碳CO2, carbon dioxide 二氧化碳COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢性阻塞性肺疾患COX, cyclooxygenase 环氧合酶CRI, chronic renal insufficiency 慢性肾功能不全CRP, C-reactive protein C反应蛋白CRPS, complex regional pain syndrome 复杂区域性疼痛CSF, cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液CT, computed tomography 计算机断层扫描CTA, computed tomographic angiography 计算机断层扫描血管造影CTD, connective tissue disease 结缔组织病CTV, computed tomographic venography 计算机断层扫描静脉造影CVI, chronic venous insufficiency 慢性静脉功能不全CVP, central venous pressure 中心静脉压CWH, continuous venovenous hemofiltration 连续型静脉-静脉血液滤过CWHDF, continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration 连续型静脉-静脉血液透析法2D, two-dimensional 二维3D, three-dimensional 三维DBI, digital-brachial index 趾肱指数DBP, diastolic blood pressure 舒张压DDAVP, desmopressin去氨加压素DES, drug-eluting stent 药物洗脱支架DFU, diabetic foot ulcer 糖尿病足溃疡DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation弥散性血管内凝血DM, diabetes mellitus 糖尿病DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid脱氧核糖核酸2,3-DPG, 2,3-diphosphoglvcerate 2,3二磷酸甘油酸酯DRIL, distal revascularization-interval ligation 远端血运重建间隔结扎DSA, digital subtraction angiography 数字减影血管造影DSE, dobutamine stress echocardiography 多巴酚丁胺负荷超声心动图DTAA, descending thoracic aortic aneurysm 降主动脉瘤DUS, duplex ultrasound 多普勒超声DVT, deep venous thrombosis 深静脉血栓EC，endothelial cell 内皮细胞ECA, external carotid artery 颈外动脉ECG, electrocardiogram 心电图EC-IC, extracranial-intracranial [bypass] 颅外-颅内旁路术ECM, extracellular matrix 细胞外基质ED，erectile dysfunction 勃起功能障碍EDS, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 埃勒斯－当洛综合征EDV, end-diastolic velocity 舒张末期流速EEG, electroencephalography 脑电描记法EF, ejection fraction 射血分数EIA, external iliac artery 髂外动脉ELAM-1, endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 内皮细胞白细胞粘附分子-1 ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 酶联免疫吸附测定法ELT, euglobulin lysis time 优球蛋白溶解时间EMG, electromyography 肌电图描记术eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase 内皮一氧化氮合酶ePTFE, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene 膨体聚四氟乙烯ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate 红细胞沉降率,血沉ESRD, end-stage renal disease 终末期肾病EVAR, endovascular aneurysm repair 腹主动脉瘤腔内修复术FDA, Food and Drug Administration 食品和药品管理局FDP, fibrin/fibrinogen degradation product 纤维蛋白/纤维蛋白原降解产物FEV, forced expiratory volume in 1 second 一秒用力呼气量FFP, fresh frozen plasma 新鲜冰冻血浆FGF, fibroblast growth factor 成纤维细胞生长因子FMD, fibromuscular dysplasia 纤维肌性发育不良FRC, functional residual capacity 功能残气量FVC, forced vital capacity 最大肺活量GA, general anesthesia 全麻GFR, glomerular filtration rate 肾小球滤过率GI, gastrointestinal 胃肠的GMP, guanosine monophosphate 单磷酸鸟(嘌呤)核苷G6PD, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶GP-IIb/IIIa, glycoprotein Ilb/IIIa 糖蛋白Ilb/IIIaGSM, gray-scale median 灰度中间值GSV, great saphenous vein 大隐静脉GSW, gunshot wound 枪弹伤GTP, guanosine triphosphate三磷酸鸟(嘌呤)核苷GUI, graphic-user interface 图形用户界面GW, guide wire 导丝HD, hemodialysis 血液透析HDL, high-density lipoprotein 高密度脂蛋白HIPPA, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act 健康保险流通与责任法案HIT, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia 肝素诱导的血小板减少症HIV, human immunodeficiency virus 人类免疫缺陷病毒HLA, human leukocyte antigen 人类白细胞抗原HMG-CoA, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A羟甲基戊二酰辅酶AHR, hazard ratio 危害比HRQoL, health-related quality of life健康相关生活质量hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein 高灵敏度C反应蛋白5-HT, serotonin 5-羟色胺HTN, hypertension 高血压ICA, internal carotid artery 颈内动脉ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 细胞间粘附分子-1ICAVL, Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Vascular Laboratories 国家血管检查评估委员会ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage 颅内出血ICU, intensive care unit 重症监护病房IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein 中密度脂蛋白IEL, internal elastic lamina 内弹力层IFN, interferon 干扰素IFU, instructions for use 使用说明书IGF, insulin-like growth factor 胰岛素样生长因子IH, intimal hyperplasia 内膜增生IL-6, interleukin-6 白介素-6IMA, inferior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动脉iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase诱生型一氧化氮合酶IOM, Institute of Medicine 医学会IPC, intermittent pneumatic compression 间断性肺压缩IPG, impedance plethysmography 阻抗体积描记法IPPB, intermittent positive pressure breathing 间断性正压呼吸I/R, ischemia-reperfusion 缺血再灌注IVC,inferior vena cava 下腔静脉IVUS, intravascular ultrasound 血管内超声JAK-2, Janus kinase-2 蛋白酪氨酸激酶-2JNK, jun N-terminal kinase N-端氨基酸激酶K/DOQI, Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative 肾脏疾病预后质量测评KM, Kaplan-Meier卡普兰-迈耶曲线LAO, left anterior oblique 左前斜位LDL, low-density lipoprotein 低密度脂蛋白LMWH, low-molecular-weight heparin 低分子量肝素LOS, length of stay 住院时间Lp(a), lipoprotein (a) 脂蛋白LS, lumbosacral 腰骶的LV, left ventricular 左心室LVEDP, left ventricular end diastolic pressure 左心室舒张末期压LVEDV, left ventricular end diastolic volume 左室舒张末期容积LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy 左心室肥大MAP, mean arterial pressure 平均动脉压MCA, middle cerebral artery 大脑中动脉MI, myocardial infarction 心肌梗死MIP, maximum intensity projection 最大强度投影MMP, matrix metalloproteinase 基质金属蛋白酶MOF, multiple organ failure 多器官衰竭MRA, magnetic resonance angiography 核磁共振血管造影MR, magnetic resonance 核磁共振MRI, magnetic resonance imaging 核磁共振成像MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 耐甲氧西林金葡菌MRV, magnetic resonance venography 核磁共振静脉成像MTHFR, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 5,10 -亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶NAC, N-acetylcysteine N-乙酰半胱氨酸NAD*, oxidized nicotinamide dinucleotide 氧化烟酰胺二核苷酸NADH, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸,还原型辅酶INADPH, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate 还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸,还原型辅酶ⅡNAIS, neo-aortoiliac system 新主髂动脉系统Nd:YAG, neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet 钕钇铝石榴石NF-K B, nuclear factor K B核因子K BNIH, National Institutes of Health 国立卫生研究院NTS, National Inpatient Sample 全国住院样本NOS, nitric oxide synthase 一氧化氮合酶NPV, negative predictive value阴性预测值NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug非甾体抗炎药NSQIP, National Surgical Quality Improvement Program 全国外科质量改进计划OR, odds ratio 优势比OTW, over-the-wire 导丝支撑的PA, pulmonary artery 腓动脉PAD, peripheral arterial disease 周围动脉疾病PAI, proximalization of arterial inflow 动脉流入道近端PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1 PAOD, peripheral arterial occlusive disease 周围动脉闭塞性疾病PBI, penile-brachial index 阴茎-肱(动脉收缩压)指数PBRCs, packed red blood cells 浓缩红细胞PCA, posterior cerebral artery 大脑后动脉PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention 经皮冠脉介入PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen 增殖细胞核抗原PCWP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure 肺动脉楔压PD, peritoneal dialysis 腹膜透析PDE, phosphodiesterase磷酸二酯酶PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor血小板源生长因子PE, pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞PECAM-1, platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1血小板-内皮细胞粘附分子-1PEEP, positive end-expiratory pressure呼气末正压通气PEG, polyethylene glycol聚乙二醇PET, positron emission tomography正电子发射体层摄影PF4, platelet factor 4血小板因子ⅣPEA, profunda femoris artery 股深动脉PFT, pulmonary function test/testing 肺功能测试PGE2, prostaglandin E2 前列腺素E2PGI2, prostaglandin I, 前列腺素IPKC, protein kinase C蛋白激酶CPMN, polymorphonuclear neutrophil 多形核中性粒细胞PPG, photoplethysmography光学体积描记术PPV, positive predictive value阳性预测(价)值PRBCs, packed red blood cells 浓缩红细胞PSA, pseudoaneurysm 假性动脉瘤psi, pounds per square inch 磅/平方英寸PSV, peak systolic velocity最大收缩速度PT, prothrombin time凝血酶原时间PTA, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty 经皮腔内血管成形术PTFE, polytetrafluoroethylene聚四氟乙烯PTT, partial thromboplastin time部分凝血致活酶时间PVI, peripheral vascular intervention 周围血管介入PVR, pulse volume recording脉搏容积记录仪QALY, quality-adjusted life year质量调整生命年QoL, quality of life 生活质量RAAA, ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm 破裂腹主动脉瘤RAGE, receptor for advanced glycosylation end products高级糖基化终末产物受体RAO, right anterior oblique 右前斜位RAS, renal artery stenosis 肾动脉狭窄RBC, red blood cell 红细胞RCT, randomized controlled trial 随机对照试验Re, Reynolds number 雷诺数RFA, radiofrequency ablation射频消蚀RGD, Arg-Gly-Asp 精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸RI, resistive index 对抗指数RIND, reversible ischemic neurologic deficit 可逆性缺血性神经障碍RP, retroperitoneal 腹膜后的RR, relative risk 相对危险度RS, Raynaud's syndrome 雷诺氏综合征rt-PA, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator 重组组织型纤维蛋白酶原激活剂RUDI, revision using distal inflow 流入道远端的修复SBP, systolic blood pressure 收缩压SD, standard deviation 标准差SE, standard error 标准误SEPS, subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery 筋膜内镜下手术SF-36, Short Form (36) Health Survey 健康调查简表-36SFA, superficial femoral artery 股浅动脉SFJ, saphenofemoral junction 股隐交界处SK, streptokinase 链激酶SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus 系统性红斑狼疮SMA, superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜上动脉SMC, smooth muscle cell 平滑肌细胞SOD, superoxide dismutase超氧化物歧化酶SPECT, single-proton emission computed tomography 单光子发射计算体层摄影SPJ, saphenopopliteal junction 隐腘静脉交界处SSV, small saphenous vein 小隐静脉STEMI, ST-segment myocardial infarction ST段异常心肌梗死SVC, superior vena cava 上腔静脉SVS, Society for Vascular Surgery 血管外科协会TAA, thoracic aortic aneurysm 胸主动脉瘤TAAA, thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm 胸腹主动脉瘤TAAD, thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection 胸主动脉瘤和夹层TAO, thromboangiitis obliterans 血栓闭塞性脉管炎TASC, Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease 周围动脉疾病治疗的泛大西洋跨协会建议TCD, transcranial Doppler 经颅多普勒TEE, transesophageal echocardiography 经食道超声TEVAR, thoracic endovascular aortic repair 胸主动脉修复术TF, tissue factor 组织因子TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β转化生长因子-βTIMP-1, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1TIPS, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting 经颈静脉肝内门体分流术TLR, target lesion revascularization 靶病变血管重建TMA, transmetatarsal amputation 经跖骨截肢术TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α肿瘤坏死因子-αTOS, thoracic outlet syndrome 胸廓出口综合征t-PA, tissue plasminogen activator 组织纤溶酶原激活剂TT, thrombin time 凝血酶时间TTE, transthoracic echocardiography 经胸壁超声心动图TXA2, thromboxane A2 血栓素A2UFH, unfractionated heparin 普通肝素UK, urokinase 尿激酶u-PA, urinary plasminogen activator (urokinase) 尿纤溶酶原激活物USPSTF, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force美国预防服务工作队VATS, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery电视辅助胸腔镜手术VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1血管细胞粘附分子-1VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor 血管内皮生长因子VFI, venous filling index 静脉充盈指数VLDL, very-low-density lipoprotein 极低密度脂蛋白VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell 血管平滑肌细胞VSS, Venous Severity Score 静脉严重性分级VTE, venous thromboembolism 静脉血栓栓塞性疾病vWF, von Willebrand factor 血管假性血友病因子WBC, 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