中考英语阅读题型分析及答题策略

中考英语阅读题型分析及答题策略

阅读理解能力的培养是中学英语学习的一项重要任务，也是中考的一项重要内容。中考阅读理解题主要考查学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能做出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A，B，C，D四个选项中选出最佳答案或做出正误判断，或者完成任务类型题，如填表格，回答问题等。文章的难易程度和初三课文基本相同，要求阅读速度为每分钟40-50个词。

中考阅读理解的阅读材料的选取一般遵循三个原则：

1． 阅读文章不少于三篇，阅读量在1，000单词左右；

2． 题材广泛，包括科普，社会，文化，政治，经济等：

3． 体裁多样，包阔记叙文，说明文，应用文等。

中考阅读理解考查的主要内容是：

1．考查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。

此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落(或短文)的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，其主要提问方式是：

1)Which is the best title of the passage?

2)Which of the following is this passage about?

3)In this passage the writer tries to tell us that_________.

4)The passage tells us that_________.

5)This passage mainly talks about_________．

2．考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力。

此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的，其主要提问方式是：

1)Which of the following is right?

2)Which of the following is not mentioned?

3)Which of the following is Not True in the passage?

4)Choose the right order of this passage． 5)From this passage we know

3．考查根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力。

此类猜测词义的题目要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。

其主要提问方式是：

1)The word“ ”in the passage probably meads_________.

2)The underlined word“it”in the passage refers to_________．

3)In this story the underlined word“ ”means_________．

4)Here“it”means_________．

4.考查对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段、各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。此类题目主要考查的是句与句之间，短语与短语之间的逻辑关系.

如下列短文：

Brazil is beautiful and more than just football

How much do you know about Brazil? You might think of football, samba (桑巴)and

the Amazon(亚马逊河).

But there is a lot more to this country: its wonderful land, history and culture

( 文化). On September 7, 1822, Brazil won its independence (独立) from Portugal.

So that day is Brazil's National Day (国庆日).

It is the largest country in South America and has the second longest river in

the world. It is called the Amazon. The river is 6,440 kilometers long and runs

through the world's largest rainforest. The rainforest is home to between 800,000

and 5 million kinds of plants and animals. But be careful when you swim because the

biggest snake, the Anaconda (大水蟒) , and the most terrible fish, the Piranha (水虎鱼) , live there！

Brazilians love sports, especially football. Many great players were born in

Brazil like Ronaldo, Ronaldinho and Rivaldo. Football is played everywhere. It is

so popular that schools and businesses close during their important matches!

The Brazilians also love dancing very much. The national dance is the samba.

Samba is a very lively and fun dance. Every year in February or March, there is the

Carnival (狂欢节). This is a time for parades (游行) and partying! People go out

and dance in the streets! Dancers dress up in colorful clothes and go through the

streets on big cars called floats (彩车). Tens of thousands of people watch the dancing.

If you want to be part of the carnival, then find a chance to travel to Brazil!

其主要提问方式是:

1)Brazil's National Day is _________.

2)The second longest river is _________ in the word and it is _____ long.

3)The Brazilians like ________ best.

4)The people ____ during the Carnival.

5.考查依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力.此类题目文章中没有电磁铁 答案，需要考生再理解全文的基础上进行推理和判断.

如下列短文

Come to Austria!

Soil is a village in the mountains in western Austria. And the Post Hotel is

clean and not expensive. It is opened by a local (当地的) family. From the hotel

you can see the whole village, the forests and the mountains. Temperatures in summer

are usually 20°C to 25'C in the daytime, but much cooler by evening.

Enjoy Thailand

When you visit Bangkok in Thailand, don't miss the early morning river boat trip

to the Floating Market (漂浮市场) just outside the city. There you will find many

kinds of fruits and vegetables. And you can pay for them when you sit in your boat.

Don't forget your hat: the sun pan be strong and it may be as hot as 40'C at noon !

Visit Hawaii!

Maybe the most beautiful place in Hawaii is Kauai. You can visit its long, sandy

beaches in the south and west of the island, and mountains and forests in the north,

but don't be surprised if it rains in the centre of the island. Daytime temperatures

there are usually around 24°C to 26'C by the sea, and only a little cooler by late

evening.

其主要提问方式是:

1)The advertisements above are about _________.

2)If you go to Bangkok,you can _________. 3)______ is one better way to prevent the strong sunshine in Bangkok.

4)According to the advertisemonts,we know that ____.

二、阅读理解题的解题技巧

破解阅读理解题的技巧可有如下一些：

1.如何获取段落的主旨和大意？

获取段落主旨大意的最有效的办法是找出主题句.一篇文章（或一段文章）通常都是围绕一个中心意思展开的.而这个中心意思往往由一个句子概括出来.这个能概括文章或段落中心意思的句子叫做主题句.因此，理解一个段落或一篇文章的中心意思首先要学会寻找主题句.主题句一般具有三个特点：

1)表述的意思比较概括，相对其主句来看，这种概括性更为明显。

2)句子结构较简单，多数句子都不长，不难。

3)段落中其它的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想的，在一个段落中，大部分主题句的位置有两种：