Language points of Unit 1 and 2

Language points of Unit 1 and 21conclude <vt> 结束时说，相信，达成，下结论<vi> 结束，终止The police concluded that he was the criminal of the murder. （下结论）He concluded his speech with a question. （结束）The meeting concluded with a happy ending. （结束）What can you conclude from his report? （下结论）Britain concluded a trade agreement with China.（达成）We concluded to go out.\ that we would go out (决定).●conclusion <n> draw\ come to\ reach a conclusionat the conclusion of his speech2ever since 从…以来可独立使用，也可跟名词或从句，通常与延续性动词的完成时态（现在）连用。

ever since the year 1949He went to Tibet in 1956 and has lived there ever since.Comrade Li has kept up his study of English ever since he graduated from college.3set down 记下，写下，放下，停下让…下车，把…归功于I have set down the key points of the meeting. (记下)Set down your heavy bag and have a rest. (放下)The bus will set you down at the school gate.(下车)We should set down our achievement to the correct leadership of the Party. (归功于)●set back 退步，挫折，妨碍set off 出发，启程set out (to do ) 出发，动身，开始，着手set about doing 开始着手做某事set up 搭起，建立set aside 把…置于一旁，取消set foot on\in 踏上set fire to sth\set sth on fire 放火烧…be set in 以…为背景4 keep track of 与…保持联系，纪录…——（反）lost track ofHe could not escape because the police kept track of him.It’s hard to keep track of all one’s old schoolmates.They keep track of current events. (关心时事)We lost track of the plane about an hour after it took off.5put into 把…放进…，使进入…（状态），把…翻译成…put into operation\ practice\ effect 使运转\实施，落实\使生效，执行You should put the foreign language into Chinese.*put aside 把…放在一边，储存…备用put down 放下，镇压，拒绝put away 把…收起来放好put back 把（钟表）拨慢，推迟，阻碍put forward 提出put off 推迟，拖延，延期put on 穿上，上演put out 熄灭，生产，出版，发布put up with 容忍，忍耐put through 拨通电话，完成6stand out 突出，显眼；坚持，不屈服Jim’s red hair made him stand out in a crowd. (突出，显眼)The road sign is easy to read because the words stand out.They stand out till victory.（坚持）The students agreed that they must stand out against the decision to cut down the trees.7as “虽然，尽管”引导让步状语从句，倒装（adj. adv. V. n. 放在as 前）Tired as they were, they walked on.Child as he is, he knows a lot.Try as she might, Mary couldn’t get the door open.The air was cold, bright as the sun was.* as 必须倒装；though 可倒装也可不倒装；although 不倒装8 be diagnosed with 诊断diagnose sth (as sth.)He was diagnosed with cancer.The doctor diagnosed her illness as cancer.The doctor diagnosed cancer.9in a row 一个接着一个，连续不断地；排成一排地He has been absent for five days in a row.Children were standing hand in hand in a row.10in the first place 首先，第一，原先，起初He left his hometown for some political reasons in the first place.11be out to do = be out for sth 努力想做…He is just out for money.We are out to win the competition.12make for 可造成，可成为，有好处，朝…方向移动The large print makes for easy reading.Does early rising made for good health?I turned and ran when I saw the bull making for me.It’s getting late, we’d better turn and make for home.make up 组成，弥补，化装，编造make over转让，移交make sense 有意义，有道理make use of利用make fun of 取笑make out 开出，写出，辨认出，理解，了解15attempt <vt\n> 企图，试图，尝试+ n\ to doThe doctor attempted to save the woman’s life.make an attempt to do \at doing \on sth16apply <vt> 执行，实施<vi> 申请，运用，适用apply for 申请apply to 使用，应用，运用，适用apply to sb. for sth 向…请求或申请…apply sth 实施，执行He applied for a passport.The principle of diligence and frugality applies to all undertakings.勤俭节约原则适用于一切事业He applied to his teacher for help.apply a rule \ law17inspect <vt> 检查，视察A dentist inspects the pupils’ teeth twice a year.He will come to inspect our school.18confirm <vt> 证实，确认The rumours of an attack were later confirmed.The announcement confirmed my suspicions.19bid (n\v)—bid—bid 出价，投标She bid $500 for the painting.Several firms have bid for the contract to build the new concert hall.20fascinate <vt> 迷住，吸引They were fascinated to see enthusiastic people everywhere.The children were fascinated by the toys in the shop window.21burst into sth. 突然…burst into tears\ laughter\ songThe aircraft crashed and burst into flames.Trees burst into leaf.22familiar <adj.> 熟悉的be familiar to sb为…所熟知be familiar with sth. 熟悉，通晓…Be familiar with sb 与…友好Be similar to 相似23capture <vt.> 吸引，俘获，占领The new advertisement will capture the attention of TV audiences.capture an escaped criminalcapture a town24centre on\ upon 将…作为中心或重点，集中于…Our thoughts centred on the girl who suffered from AIDS.Public attention centres on the outcome of next week’s election.25concentrate on 专心致志于…I can’t concentrate on my studies with all that noise going on.This company concentrates on the European market.We must concentrate our efforts on improving education.26delight <vt\n> （使）愉快Her singing delighted everyone.I am delighted at the recent news.To our delight, the day turned out fine.27head for 开往，前往，朝向…I saw the car heading for me , so I stepped aside.Clouds are gathering. I think we’d better head for the hotel in case it starts to rain.28 dozen <n> 一打a dozen eggs four dozen pencilsa dozen of them four dozen of my booksseveral \a few\some dozen of …dozens of 许多…by the dozen 按打---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28meet with 体验到，遇到，与…会面，会见I met with a traffic accident.Beijing was the place where chairman Mao met with American president.29evaluate <vt> 评价，估计——〈n〉evaluation 评价，评估，评估报告I can’t evaluate his ability without seeing his work.30 take possession of 拿到，占领，占有be in possession of 拥有，占有be in the possession of 某物为某人所占有When Captain Cook landed in New Zealand in 1769, he took possession of it. 31in the name of 以…的名义，代表The police arrested the criminal in the name of the law.We are very glad to greet you in the name of the Chinese people.32equip…with…(be equipped with…) 装备----<n> equipment They did not equip their laboratory properly.Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.The soldiers were well equipped with weapons and ammunition.33reach <v\n>beyong \out of \within one’s reach (of)reach for sth. reach out to sb\sth.He reached for his gun.I reached across the table for the jam.We must reach out to those in need.Can you reach me my slippers?I can’t reach the apples on the top branch.I reached New York at one o’clock.34 puzzle <n> 难题，谜〈vt〉使困惑，使糊涂，使动脑筋Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.Find the answer to a puzzleSet a puzzle for sb.\ set sb. a puzzleHer reply puzzled me.What puzzles me is how the thief got into the house without setting off the alarm.They are puzzled about what to do next.35 endeavour <n\v> 努力，尽力Please make every endeavour to arrive on time.They endeavoured to make her happy but in vain.He endeavoured to calm himself down.36 search for 寻找，搜寻Search sth for sth. 寻找，搜索in search of 寻找，寻求I have been searching for the same kind shoes as these.The police searched the room for some proofs.The policewoman searched her for drags.They went to the town in search of a better life.37in exchange for 交换，互换exchange A for Bexchange sth. with sb.She is giving him English lessons in exchange for his teaching her Chinese.The girl gave him some peanuts in exchange for some sweets.38wander<vi> 漫游，游荡，流浪，闲逛，（道路，河流）蜿蜒曲折，走神，胡思乱想She was wandering aimlessly up and down the road.The children wander in the woods.The road wanders through the range of hills.He realized that his audience’s attention was beginning to wander.39 command (n\v) 命令，控制，指挥be in command of 控制under the command of sb.\ under sb’s command 在…的指挥，率领下Her commands were quickly obeyed.The army is under the command of General Lee.Do as I command you.The officer commanded his men to fire.The judge commanded silence.My father commanded that I (should) study hard..40 volunteer <n\v> 志愿者，志愿地提供（for sth\ to do sth.）She volunteered for relief work.I volunteered to join the army.I volunteered to act as driver.41 suggest <v> 建议，提议；暗示，表明——<n> suggestionsuggest + n\doing ; suggest + that {1 虚拟语气(should) do ; 2 陈述语序}He suggested going there by train.Her expression suggested anger.I suggested to him that he (should) join the club activities.(建议，提议)He suggested that I (should) stick to my decision.His face suggested that he failed.（暗示，表明）His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.42accomplish <vt> 实现，完成----<n> accomplishment 成就，成绩accomplish one’s aimaccomplish a taskA lazy man can never accomplish anything.43 refer to 提到，查询refer to …as…把…称为refer to a dictionaryZhengHe has often been referred to as the Chinese Columbus.The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without referring to his notes. 44bring up 培养，抚养，提出He was brought up by his grandparents.His new suggestion was brought up at the meeting.bring back 带回，使记起…bring down 使…下跌，打倒，降低bring in 收获，吸引，引进bring out 出版，使显露，阐释，说明bring about招致，带来，引起45run out 用光，耗尽；失效，过期The petrol is running out. = We are running out of the petrol.My passport has run out.My contract runs out in September.46apart from 除…都，除…外（尚有）Apart from his nose, he is quite good-looking.Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.Apart from a few words, I don’t know any French at all.Apart from me, there were ten other people at the meeting.47arise ---arose---arisen <vi> 起来，上升，出现A new difficulty has risen.A storm arose during the night.Daniel arose at dawn.arise out of \from sth. 因…而产生，造成，引起…Accidents can arise from carelessness.These are problems arising out of the lack of communication.48praise <vt\n> 称赞，赞美praise …for \as…in praise of 赞扬The guests praised the meal as the best they had had for years.He praised her for her courage.They were praised as national heroes.He received praise from his colleagues for winning the prize.The leaders spoke in praise of those who had died for their country.49contact < n\vt> 联系，接触have \ make\ lose contact with 有\取得\失去联系keep \get \ be in contact with 保持\取得\有联系Have you been in contact with him recently?She has lost contact with her son.Where can I contact you tomorrow?She contacted me as soon as she arrived.50So …that…如此…以致于The tsunami so shocked the tourists that they did not know where to shelter themselves, but to run as fast as they could.The girl so likes chocolate that she eats it every day.。