ATmega16a流水灯程序

项目一：ATmega16 的I/O口使用一、项目内容：（1）、通过I/O口操作8位发光二极管跑马灯；（2）、通过I/O口驱动数码管；（3）、通过I/O口驱动1602字符点阵型液晶显示模块；（4）、利用I/O口完成键盘的设计与使用。

二、项目目标：（1）、掌握本课程学习的基本载体；（2）、熟悉并掌握C语言的基本语法、常用的语句指令、函数的结构；（3）、掌握ATmega16的I/O口使用；三、项目任务：1、8位LED跑马灯程序：#include"iom16v.h"void Delay_l_ms(void){unsigned char cnt_i,cnt_j;for(cnt_i=0;cnt_i<40;cnt_i++){for(cnt_j=0;cnt_j<33;cnt_j++){}}}void Delay_n_ms(unsigned int n_ms){unsigned int cnt_i;for(cnt_i=0;cnt_i<n_ms;cnt_i++){Delay_l_ms();}}void main(void){unsigned char cnt_i;DDRD=0xFF;PORTD=0xFF;while(1){for(cnt_i=0;cnt_i<8;cnt_i++){PORTD=(0x80>>cnt_i);Delay_n_ms(200);}for(cnt_i=8;cnt_i>0;cnt_i--){PORTD=(0x80>>cnt_i);Delay_n_ms(200);}}}仿真图：绘制仿真图，添加程序后，发光二极管按D0到D7再从D7到D0顺序循环发光。

原理图：电路板图：八位LED跑马灯电路板图2、数码管静态显示程序：#include"iom16v.h"const unsigned char Num_Dis_TAB[]={0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F};void Delay_1_ms(void){unsigned char cnt_i,cnt_j;for(cnt_i=0;cnt_i<40;cnt_i++){for(cnt_j=0;cnt_j<33;cnt_j++){}}}void Delay_n_ms(unsigned int n_ms){unsigned int cnt_i;for(cnt_i=0;cnt_i<n_ms;cnt_i++){Delay_1_ms();}}void LED_Dis_Static(unsigned char dis_num){PORTD=Num_Dis_TAB[dis_num];PORTB=(1<<2);}void main(void){unsigned char dis_temp;DDRD=0xFF;DDRB=0xFF;PORTD=0xFF;PORTB=0xFF;while(1){for(dis_temp=0;dis_temp<10;dis_temp++){LED_Dis_Static(dis_temp);Delay_n_ms(200);}}}仿真图：数码管静态显示仿真图仿真过程：打开仿真图，输入程序，四位数码管由0开始，按0、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9循环显示。

基于AT89C52的16路流水灯代码#include <REG52.H>unsigned char RunMode;/**********************************SystemFuction*************************************************/void Delay1ms(unsigned int count){unsigned int i,j;for(i=0;i<count;i++)for(j=0;j<120;j++);}unsigned char code LEDDisplayCode[] = { 0xC0,0xF9,0xA4,0xB0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xF8, //0~70x80,0x90,0x88,0x83,0xC6,0xA1,0x86,0x8E,0xFF};void Display(unsigned char Value){P3 = LEDDisplayCode[Value];}void LEDFlash(unsigned char Count){unsigned char i;bit Flag;for(i = 0; i<Count;i++){Flag = !Flag;if(Flag)Display(RunMode);elseDisplay(0x10);Delay1ms(100);}Display(RunMode);}unsigned char GetKey(void){unsigned char KeyTemp,CheckV alue,Key = 0x00;CheckValue = P2&0x32;if(CheckValue==0x32)return 0x00;Delay1ms(10);KeyTemp = P2&0x32;if(KeyTemp==CheckValue)return 0x00;if(!(CheckValue&0x02))Key|=0x01;if(!(CheckValue&0x10))Key|=0x02;if(!(CheckValue&0x20))Key|=0x04;return Key;}unsigned int TimerCount,SystemSpeed,SystemSpeedIndex;void InitialTimer2(void){T2CON = 0x00; //16 Bit Auto-Reload ModeTH2 = RCAP2H = 0xFC; //重装值,初始值TL2 = RCAP2L = 0x18;ET2=1; //定时器2 中断允许TR2 = 1; //定时器2 启动EA=1;}unsigned int code SpeedCode[]={ 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 14, 17, 20, 30,40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90,100, 120, 140, 160,180, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900,1000};//30void SetSpeed(unsigned char Speed){SystemSpeed =SpeedCode[Speed];}void LEDShow(unsigned int LEDStatus){P1 = ~(LEDStatus&0x00FF);P0 = ~((LEDStatus>>8)&0x00FF);}void InitialCPU(void){RunMode = 0x00;TimerCount = 0;SystemSpeedIndex = 10;P1 = 0x00;P0 = 0x00;P2 = 0xFF;P3 = 0x00;Delay1ms(500);P1 = 0xFF;P0 = 0xFF;P2 = 0xFF;P3 = 0xFF;SetSpeed(SystemSpeedIndex);Display(RunMode);}//Mode 0unsigned int LEDIndex = 0;bit LEDDirection = 1,LEDFlag = 1;void Mode_0(void){LEDShow(0x0001<<LEDIndex);LEDIndex = (LEDIndex+1)%16;}//Mode 1void Mode_1(void){LEDShow(0x8000>>LEDIndex);LEDIndex = (LEDIndex+1)%16;}//Mode 2void Mode_2(void){if(LEDDirection)LEDShow(0x0001<<LEDIndex);elseLEDShow(0x8000>>LEDIndex);if(LEDIndex==15)LEDDirection = !LEDDirection;LEDIndex = (LEDIndex+1)%16;}//Mode 3void Mode_3(void){ if(LEDDirection)LEDShow(~(0x0001<<LEDIndex));elseLEDShow(~(0x8000>>LEDIndex));if(LEDIndex==15)LEDDirection = !LEDDirection;LEDIndex = (LEDIndex+1)%16;}//Mode 4void Mode_4(void){if(LEDDirection){if(LEDFlag)LEDShow(0xFFFE<<LEDIndex);elseLEDShow(~(0x7FFF>>LEDIndex));}else{if(LEDFlag)LEDShow(0x7FFF>>LEDIndex);elseLEDShow(~(0xFFFE<<LEDIndex));}if(LEDIndex==15){LEDDirection = !LEDDirection;if(LEDDirection) LEDFlag = !LEDFlag;}LEDIndex = (LEDIndex+1)%16;}//Mode 5void Mode_5(void){if(LEDDirection)LEDShow(0x000F<<LEDIndex);elseLEDShow(0xF000>>LEDIndex);if(LEDIndex==15)LEDDirection = !LEDDirection;LEDIndex = (LEDIndex+1)%16;}//Mode 6void Mode_6(void){if(LEDDirection)LEDShow(~(0x000F<<LEDIndex));elseLEDShow(~(0xF000>>LEDIndex));if(LEDIndex==15)LEDDirection = !LEDDirection;LEDIndex = (LEDIndex+1)%16;}//Mode 7void Mode_7(void){if(LEDDirection)LEDShow(0x003F<<LEDIndex);elseLEDShow(0xFC00>>LEDIndex);if(LEDIndex==9)LEDDirection = !LEDDirection;LEDIndex = (LEDIndex+1)%10;}//Mode 8void Mode_8(void){LEDShow(++LEDIndex);}void TimerEventRun(void){if(RunMode==0x00){Mode_0();}else if(RunMode ==0x01){Mode_1();}else if(RunMode ==0x02){Mode_2();}else if(RunMode ==0x03){Mode_3();}else if(RunMode ==0x04){Mode_4();}else if(RunMode ==0x05){Mode_5();}else if(RunMode ==0x06){Mode_6();}else if(RunMode ==0x07){Mode_7();}else if(RunMode ==0x08){Mode_8();}}void Timer2(void) interrupt 5 using 3{TF2 = 0; //中断标志清除( Timer2 必须软件清标志!)if(++TimerCount>=SystemSpeed){TimerCount = 0;TimerEventRun();}}unsigned char MusicIndex = 0;void KeyDispose(unsigned char Key){if(Key&0x01){LEDDirection = 1;LEDIndex = 0;LEDFlag = 1;RunMode = (RunMode+1)%9;Display(RunMode);}if(Key&0x02){if(SystemSpeedIndex>0){--SystemSpeedIndex;SetSpeed(SystemSpeedIndex);}else{LEDFlash(6);}}if(Key&0x04){if(SystemSpeedIndex<28){++SystemSpeedIndex;SetSpeed(SystemSpeedIndex);}else{LEDFlash(6);}}}//***************************************************************************** ******main(){unsigned char Key;InitialCPU();InitialTimer2();while(1){Key = GetKey();if(Key!=0x00){KeyDispose(Key);}}}。

ATMEGA16 读写iic(24c02) C 语言程序测试通过nclude <iom16v.h>#i nclude "I2C.h"#in clude "1602.h"#in clude "delay.h"/*通过AVR往I IC写数据，并通过串口把数据读出显示出来*///===============================================================void UAR_i nit(void) //UART 初始化{ DDRD = 0x02;PORTD = 0x00;UCSRA = 0x02; /* 无倍速*/UCSRB = 0x18; /*允许接收和发送*/U(SRC= 0x06; 1*8位数据,1位停止位，无校验*/UBRRH = 0x00;UBRRL = 12; /*9600*/}//===============================================================void USART_TXD(float data) // 发送采用查询方式{while( !(UCSRA & BIT(UDRE)));UDR=data;while( !(UCSRA & BIT(TXC )));UCSRA|=BIT(TXC);}void mai n(void){un sig ned char i;// LCDinit();uart_i ni t();//TART 初始化SEI(); // 全局中断使能while(1){/*I2C_Write('n',0x00); I2C_Write('c',0x01); I2C_Write('e',0x02);I2C_Write('p',0x03); I2C_Write('u',0x04);*/ i=I2C_Read(0x00); //LCD_write_char(0,0,i); USART_TXD(i); i=I2C_Read(0x01);//LCD_write_data(i); USART_TXD(i); i=I2C_Read(0x02); //LCD_write_data(i); USART_TXD(i);i=I2C_Read(0x03); //LCD_write_data(i); USART_TXD(i); i=I2C_Read(0x04); //LCD_write_data(i); USART_TXD(i);}}/* 上面上主函数部分*/#include <macros.h>#include "delay.h"//I2C 状态定义//MT 主方式传输MR 主方式接受#define START 0x08#define RE_START 0x10#define MT_SLA_ACK 0x18 #define MT_SLA_NOACK 0x20 #define MT_DATA_ACK 0x28 #defineMT_DATA_NOACK 0x30 #define MR_SLA_ACK 0x40 #define MR_SLA_NOACK 0x48 #define MR_DATA_ACK 0x50 #define MR_DATA_NOACK 0x58#define RD_DEVICE_ADDR 0xA1 // 前4位器件固定,后三位看连线,最后1位是读写指令位#define WD_DEVICE_ADDR 0xA0//常用TWI操作(主模式写和读)#define Start() (TWCR=(1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWSTA)|(1<<TWEN)) // 启动I2C #define Stop()(TWCR=(1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWSTO)|(1<<TWEN)) // 停止I2C #define Wait() {while(!(TWCR&(1<<TWINT)));} // 等待中断发生#define TestAck() (TWSR&0xf8) // 观察返回状态#define SetAck (TWCR|=(1<<TWEA)) // 做出ACK应答#define SetNoAck (TWCR&=~(1<<TWEA)) // 做出Not Ack 应答#define Twi() (TWCR=(1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN)) // 启动I2C#define Write8Bit(x) {TWDR=(x);TWCR=(1<<TWINT)|(1<<TWEN);} // 写数据到TWDRunsigned char I2C_Write(unsigned char Wdata,unsigned char RegAddress); unsigned charI2C_Read(unsigned RegAddress);/*********************************************I2C 总线写一个字节返回0: 写成功返回1: 写失败**********************************************/unsigned char I2C_Write(unsigned char Wdata,unsigned char RegAddress){Start(); //I2C 启动Wait();if(TestAck()!=START)return 1; //ACKWrite8Bit(WD_DEVICE_ADDR); // 写I2C 从器件地址和写方式Wait(); if(TestAck()!=MT_SLA_ACK) return 1; //ACKWrite8Bit(RegAddress); // 写器件相应寄存器地址Wait();if(TestAck()!=MT_DATA_ACK)return 1; //ACKWrite8Bit(Wdata); // 写数据到器件相应寄存器Wait();if(TestAck()!=MT_DATA_ACK)return 1; //ACKStop(); //I2C 停止delay_nms(10); // 延时return 0;}/*********************************************I2C 总线读一个字节返回0: 读成功返回1: 读失败**********************************************/unsigned char I2C_Read(unsigned RegAddress){ unsigned char temp;Start();//I2C 启动Wait();if (TestAck()!=START) return 1; //ACKWrite8Bit(WD_DEVICE_ADDR); // 写I2C 从器件地址和写方式Wait(); if (TestAck()!=MT_SLA_ACK) return 1; //ACKWrite8Bit(RegAddress); // 写器件相应寄存器地址Wait();if (TestAck()!=MT_DATA_ACK) return 1;Start(); //I2C 重新启动Wait();if (TestAck()!=RE_START) return 1;Write8Bit(RD_DEVICE_ADDR); // 写I2C 从器件地址和读方式Wait(); if(TestAck()!=MR_SLA_ACK)return 1; //ACKTwi(); // 启动主I2C 读方式Wait(); if(TestAck()!=MR_DATA_NOACK) return 1; //ACKtemp=TWDR;// 读取I2C 接收数据Stop();//l2C 停止return temp;}/*以上是IlC.h头文件部分，需要对照技术文档好好研究*/延时函数编译器：I CC-AVR V6.31A 日期：2005-11-24 20:29:57 目标芯片：M16 时钟:8.0000M Hz作者：arche ng504------------------------------------------------- */#ifndef __delay_h#defi ne __delay_hvoid delay_ nus(un sig ned int n);void delay_ nms(un sig ned int n);void delay_1us(void);void delay_1ms(void);void delay_1us(void) //1us 延时函数{asm( "n op");}void delay_ nus(un sig ned int n) 〃N us 延时函数{un sig ned in t i=0;for (i=0;i <n ;i++)delay_1us();}void delay_1ms(void) //1ms 延时函数{un sig ned in t i;for (i=0;i<1140;i++);}void delay_ nms(un sig ned int n) //N ms 延时函数{un sig ned in t i=0;for (i=0;i <n ;i++)delay_1ms();}#en dif/*以上是delay.h 部分，再加上IIC中自带的iom16v.h和macros.h就可以编译通过*//*注意点：本程序在实验板ATMEGA1上测试通过，在示波器把SCL, SDA信号线有数据，移值到自己电路上可以放心使用，在ATMEGA3上一样使用，本人24C02的A2, A1, A0都是接地，若地址不一样，在程序相应位置改一下就可以，串口上调试单片机的基础，所以它一定要会用*//*本程序调试软件环境是ICC6.31*/。