高中英语必修五短语归纳整理
重点语法
一．情态动词+ have + p.p. 用法归纳
1. must have done sth. 肯定做了某事
(表示对过去的某事做出肯定的判断)
He knew the film. He must have seen it.
2. may/might have done 可能/大概已经做了某事
（表示对过去情况的可能性推测）
Tom may have bought a new pen because I don’t see the old one..
3. can’t/ couldn’t have done sth. 不可能已经做了某事
（表示对过去情况的否定性推测）
The ground is dry, so it can’t have rained last night.
4. should have done sth. 过去应该做某事（而没做）
= ought to have done sth
You are late. You should have come 1 minute earlier.
5. shouldn’t have done sth. 过去不该做某事（却做了）
= oughtn’t to have done sth.
She is crying. You shouldn’t have told her the sad news.
6. could have done sth. 本来能够做（却没有做某事）
7. needn’t have done sth. 原来不必做某事（却已经做了）
Tom has bought a new pen. You needn’t have lent him your pen.
8. would rather have done sth. 本来想做某事（却未做成）
I would rather have come to help you with your English, but I was too busy at that time.
二、情态动词表推测的其他用法
1、情态动词+ 动词原形表示对现在或将来情况的推测
2、情态动词+ be doing表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测
3、情态动词+ have been doing表示对过去正在发生的事情的推测
Book 5
Module 1
1. It is obvious (to sb.) that 从句对某人来说，……是显然的
2. confuse A with/and B 把A和B相混淆
3. be confused by sth . 被…….搞糊涂了
4. in confusion 困惑的；困窘地
5. compare. . .with. . . 和……比较
6. compare. . .to 把……比作
7. comepared to/with 和……相比（作状语）
8. variety of=varieties of 各种各样的
9. differ from sb./sth. 与某人或某物有区别，相异
10. differ in. . . 在某方面不同
11. have sth.in common (with sb./sth.) 和某人或某物有相同之处
12. have a lot/much/a great deal in common with. . .与……有很多共同之处
13. have nothing/little in common with. . . 与……没有/很少有共同之处
14. in common with sb./sth. 和……一样
15. make a difference 有关系；有重要性；
16. make some difference to. . . 对……有些关系
17. make much difference to. . . 关系重大；有重大影响
18. make no difference to. . . 对……没有关系
19. be similar to 与……相似
20. be similar in 在……方面相似
21. have some/much difficulty（in）doing sth. 做某事有些/很多困难
22. have some/much difficulty with sth. 做某事有一些/很多困难
23. with difficulty 困（艰）难地
24. lead to sb.doing sth. 使得某人做某事
25. lead sb.to do sth. 使得某人去做某事
26. announce sth.to sb. 向某人宣布某事
=announce to sb.sth 向某人宣布某事
27. add. . .to. . . 把……加到……中
28. add to 增加
29. add up. . . 合计；加起来
30. add up to. . . 总计
31. make an announcement 发表声明，通知
32. at present 现在；目前
33. make an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
34. make an attempt at doing sth. 试图（尝试）做某事
35. at one’s first attempt 第一次尝试
36. attempt at（doing）sth. 尝试（做）某事
37. in favour of 同意，支持，拥护
38. do sb.a favour 帮某人一个忙
39. ask sb.a favour =ask a favour of sb 请求某人帮忙
40. in sb.’s favour 有助于某人
41. refer to. . .as. . . 称……为……
42. refer to 参考
43. make (a) reference (s) to 提及，论及
44. now (that)+ 句子由于；既然
Module 2
1. to one’s satisfaction 使某人感到满意的是
2. offer one’s hand 伸出手
