八．复合句（二）二．定语从句I．关系代词引导：that (代替人或物), which (只代替物), who (代替人), whom (代替人), whose (代替人或物) eg. He is a man that/ who means what he says. (指人可互换)These are the pictures (that) I took in Shanghai.The few points (which/ that) the president stressed in his report are very important indeed. (指物可互换) The audience which/ that is composed entirely of students is larger than ever.The pupils who had been watching started to applaud. The boy (whom) you say yesterday is here now.People whose dogs bite other people should keep them tied up.注意：The house whose windows (=of which the windows) are broken is unoccupied.He knew everything that happened in the village.The first thing that I am going do this evening is write to my parents.There is no person th at doesn’t make mistakes.Who is the person that is standing over there?He does not seem to be the man that (不能用who) he was.II．关系副词引导：when (时间), where (地点), why (原因), as (与such, same连用), that (替代when, where, why) eg. I shall never forget the day when (=on which) I entered the university.This is the factory where (=in which) I worked three years ago.That is the reason why (=for which) I am not in favor of the plan.I shall use the instrument is such a way as he used it yesterday.We’ll find some good place (that) we’ll have a picnic.但：In general, the way (that/ in which,不能用how) people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.III．As引导：1）与the same, such, so连用，可指人也可指物eg. I lend you such books as will interest you.Here is so big a stone as no man can lift (不能加it). She knew he felt just the same as she did.比较：This is the same (=the same kind of) pen as I lost yesterday. (as表示“类似”的事物) This is the same pen (=the very pen) that I lost yesterday. (that表示“同一个”事物)2) 比较：A rocket carries oxygen with it, which makes it possible for the rocket to travel in space.He married her, as/ which was natural. (=As was natural, she married him.)The man was a teacher, as/ which was evident from his way of speaking.As was expected, he performed the task with success.He said that he had never met her, which was not true.IV．介词(with, of, to, for, from, in) + 关系代词引导(whom, which, whose)：eg.The company in which (不能用that) I am working [=(which/ that) I am working in] is a large one.The person with whom you talked [=(whom/ who) you talked with] is a famous writer.This colorless gas is called oxygen for which we have been working in the lab/ in which fire burns much better/ on which we are experimenting/ with which we can rescue patients/ without which we could not live.注意：Your inefficiency, which we have put up with far too long, is beginning to annoy our customers.We found a house of which the roof (=the roof of which) had been damaged. (介词短语作定语)This is the program (which) I was speaking of (=of which I was speaking of).At the scene there were two cigarettes left, one of which was stained with lipstick.The twenty passengers were killed in the accident, ten of whom were students.比较：These two areas are similar in that they both have a high rainfall during this season.This is an area in which there is a high rainfall during this season.1. I’ve never been to Beijing, but it’s the place ________. (1999.6)A. that I want to visit mostB. in which I’d like to visitC. where I’d like to visitD. I most want to visit2. The hours ______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affecttheir relationship with real people. (2001.1)A. in whichB. on whichC. whenD. that3. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, ______, of course, made the othersjealous. (1993.6)A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which4. The goal _____ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. (1990.1)A. after whichB. for whichC. with whichD. at which5. Language is a city, to the building of _______ every human being brought a stone. (1994.1)A. whichB. thatC. itD. this6. It is useful to predict the extent _____ which a price change will; affect supply and demand. (1997.1)A. fromB. withC. toD. for7. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, ______ obtaining water is not the least. (1997.12)A. for whichB. to whichC. of whichD. in which8. A survey was carried out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region, _____ was surprising. (1999.1)A. as resultsB. which resultsC. the result of itD. the result of which9. He came back late, _______ which time all the guests had already left. (1999.6)A. atB. afterC. byD. during10. Agriculture was a step in human progress ______ which subsequently there was not anything comparableuntil our own machine age. (2001.1)A. toB. inC. forD. from11. An investigation was made into the accident, _______ fifty people were killed. (1992.6)A. in whichB. whereC. whenD. for that12. It wasn’t such a good dinner _____ she had promised us. (1990.1)A. thatB. asC. whichD. what13. _______ might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed. (1996.6)A. AsB. ThatC. ItD. What14. ______ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer. (1998.6)A. ThatB. WhichC. AsD. It15. The residents, _______ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross. (1993.6)A. all their homesB. all whose homesC. all of whose homesD. all of their homes16. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, ______ up to half will be from overseas. (1998.6)A. in whichB. for whichC. with whichD. of which17. T he time is not far away ______ modern communication will become widespread in China’s vastcountryside. (1992.6)A. asB. whenC. untilD. before18. Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the mainsituations ______ formal language is used. (2001.1)A. in whichB. on whichC. in thatD. at what19. We need a chairman __________.A. for whom everyone has confidenceB. in whom everyone has confidenceC. who everyone has confidence ofD. whom everyone has confidence on20. He has reached the point _______ a change is needed.A. whenB. whichC. whereD. that。
[教育资源网] 百万教学资源，完全免费，无须注册，天天更新！形容词性从句（定语从句）（复合句考查的重点）定语从句是主要用来修饰它前面的先行词（名词或代词）的从句，所以又称形容词从句。
根据与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
定语从句主要考查引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词；介词＋关系代词以及非限制性定语从句。
具体考点如下：考点一：引导定语从句的引导词有关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）和关系副词(as, when, where, why)等。
但是当下列情况出现时，对引导词有特殊要求。
1.指物只能用 that不用which 的情况1).当先行词是不定代词时,如:all, little, much, none, one, everyone, something, anything, everything, nothing 等。
2).当先行词被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, 等修饰时。
3).当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
4).在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中。
5)当定语从句为there be 句型时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略。
This is the fastest train (that) there is to Beijing.6).当主句是以which 或 who 开头的特殊疑问句时，关系代词只能用 that。
Who is the girl that is talking with Mr. Brown？7).如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时，关系代词用that。
We are talking about the people and countries that we have visited.8).当先行词在定语从句中做表语时，关系代词只能用that,也可以省略。
复合句考点三定语从句要点梳理定语从句是用做定语的从句。
一般放在它所修饰名词或代词的后面，这个名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词称为关系代词或者关系副词。
关系代词在从句中代表先行词可以作主语、宾语和定语等。
关系副词代表先行词可以在从句中作状语。
2.引导词that 作宾语时可以省略。
引导词that在定语从句中作主语是，不能省略。
例如：（1）Have you seen the book ______ I gave you yesterday? (作__语)（2）The dictionary _____ is on the desk is mine. (作__语)3.使用关系副词应该注意下列几点：以下三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构。
（1）when = on (in, at, during….) + which.例如：I was in Beijing on the day ______( on which) he arrived.（2）where =in(at, on …) + which例如：The office ______(in which) he works is on the third floor.（3）why = for whichThis is the chief reason _____(for which) we did it.4.关系代词只能用that 的情况。
（1）先行词既包括人又包括物时。
The writer and his novel_______ you have just talked about are really well known .你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名（2）先行词贝序数词、形容词最高级以及the only, the very, the same, the last, little,few 等词修饰时。
That is one of the most interesting books ______are sold in the bookshop .The first thing ______we should do is to get some food .（3）先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, something, anything, none, the one 等不定代词时。
