2020年中考英语阅读理解专项攻略讲解三(含解析)

中考英语阅读理解攻略专项讲解三 词义猜测题

最近几年，中考英语阅读理解猜词义题成了一种必考题型，它不但考查学生的阅读理解能力，而且还有逻辑推理能力。学生要想做好这类题，除了足够的词汇量和平时的阅读训练外，掌握熟悉这个题型的特点及做题思路方法也是很必要的。

 命题特点分析

① 根据文章意思，逻辑性对文章中生词词义猜测，熟词新意的猜测.

②根据上下文，对文章中出现的代词that, it, they, this代替文章中内容的猜测.

③根据构词法，对文章中出现的生词猜词义.

④对文章中出现的短语词义的猜测.

 词义猜测题解题思路

①根据定义，或释义猜测词义.

②根据转折和对比关系猜词义.

③根据同位语猜词义

④根据句子之间的因果关系猜词义.

⑤利用文章中举例子猜词义

⑥根据构词法猜词义

⑦根据语境逻辑推理猜词义.

 主旨大意题设置方式

① What does the underlined word phrase/sentence"."most probably mean

② The underlined word/ phrase"."means

③ Which of the following can be used here to replace(ft)the underlined phrase "."

④What does the word “_____” refer to?

⑤ The underlined the word “---“ is the closest in the meaning to_______.

词义猜测题解题思路实例分析

 词义猜测题实例1. 根据转折和对比关系猜词义.

（2019杭州中考）

Children with the defect need all the help. Although many sufferers are accepted by their

families, sadly, others are not. In some countries, children with this defect are often

abandoned at birth because their parents feel ashamed of them or cannot afford the operations. The good news is that the operation is not difficult. It takes less than an hour and costs

the family nothing. The charity raises money and finds the right medical volunteers to perform

the operations.

1.The underlined word "abandoned" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .

A. given up B. dressed up C. called up D. brought up

 词义猜测题实例2 . 根据语境逻辑推理猜词义.

（2019杭州中考）

Some parents are worried too —for example, Vanessa Holburn, thirty-two, who

has two girls under the age of four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa

is not happy. "Pink says that you are soft and gentle.Blue says that you are strong

and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. I'm worried that pink

will not help them with that." she says.

1.The underlined word " that" in Paragraph 3 means .

A. being soft and gentle B. being strong and powerful

C. being gentle but powerful D. being cute and beautiful

 猜词义题实例3.

Green roofs are not just pretty. They also help to moderate the city temperature. The

high temperatures on common roofs in the summer can make top floor flats uncomfortably hot.

What is more, they play a part in making the cities hotter than the countryside around them,

causing the

“urban heat-island effect”. On a green roof, however, with its plants and water,

temperatures change only a little, as they do in a park. This can greatly cut the costs of

heating and cooling in the building below.

1.The underlined word “moderate” in Paragraph 3 is the closest in meaning to “____”.

A. raise B. check C. record D. control

 猜词义题实例4. 利用文章中举例子猜词义

（2018浙江衢州中考）

I have read plenty of articles about self-improvement these past few months, and most of

them tell you that you need to wake up and keep positive(积极的). When you wake up, you need

to think that something great is going to happen today, and that you are going to have a great day. This kind of positive attitude(态度) is supposed to change your whole day.

So this morning I woke up and decided to give it a whirl. The sun was shining brightly

through my bedroom window, and it immediately gave me this warm feeling inside. I thought

to myself, "Today is going to be a great day. One of the best days ever!"

1.The meaning of the underlined phrase "give it a whirl" is probably similar to "_______".

A. get dressed B. have e try C. read books D. make money

 猜测词义题实例5. 根据定义，或释义猜测词义.

（2018湖州中考）

But what happens if your tears don't work? What happens if the piece of sand has gotten stuck

in your eye? Eyes are delicate. They can be scratched or cut easier than skin(皮肤). If the

particle is not washed out by tears, you might have to go to the doctor. You could even have

problems seeing out of that eye.

1.The underlined word" delicate" in Paragraph 3 means ___________.

A. easily hurt B. quite important C. easily protected D. quite special

 猜测词义实例6. 释义猜测词义.

（2018金华中考）

But shyness is not the kind of thing that most people can get over overnight. Overcoming

shyness take time and needs practice.

1.What does the underlined word "overnight" in Paragraph 5 most probably mean?

A. Correctly B. Suddenly C. Slowly D. Finally.

 猜测词义题实例7. 句子之间的因果关系猜词义.

The flower in the vase was withered because they had no water.

1.What is the meaning of the word “withered “?

A.枯萎的 B.活力的 C.生命力的 D.美丽的

 猜测词义题实例8. 构词法猜词义

The people from 150 countries live and work in Dubai, and foreigners now outnumber Dubai

natives(本地人) by eight to one.

1.What does the underlined word “ outnumber” mean?

A.To be small in size than another group.

B.To be more in number than another group