高中英语语法中过去分词作定语和表语

人教版高中英语必修5 unit1 过去分词作表语和定语概念引入今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。

先看下面这些句子：1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语)2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(terrified过去分词作定语)3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.(interested 过去分词作表语)4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.(affected过去分词作定语)5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语）6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.(polluted过去分词作定语)上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。

那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。

语法讲解英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。

⾼中英语过去分词做定语表语的语法讲解 在英语的语法中，学⽣会学习到很多的知识点，下⾯店铺的⼩编将为⼤家带来过去分词做定语和标语的知识点介绍，希望能够帮助到⼤家。

⾼中英语过去分词做定语表语的语法知识点 1.English is a widely used language. 2.He threw away the broken cup. 3.This is one of the schools built in 1980s. 4.Prices of daily goods bought through a computer can be lower than store prices. 单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前⾯; 过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后⾯。

spoken English = English which is spoken terrified people = the people who are terrified an organized way = a way that is organized affected area 灾区 = the area which is affected stolen culture relics = culture relics that had been stolen the book recommended by the teacher = the book which was recommended by the teacher printed articles = articles that are printed 1) Doctor John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. 定语 2) John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street. 定语 3) He got interested in the two theories. 表语 4) Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood 表语 Past Participle as the Attribute定语 Past Participle as the Predicative表语 1.terrified people1.people who are terrified 2.reserved seats2.seats that are reserved 3.polluted water3.water that is polluted 4.a crowded room4.a room that is crowded 5.a pleased winner5.a winner that is pleased 6. Astonished children6.children who look astonished 7.a broken vase 7.a vase that is broken 8.a closed door8.a door that is closed 9.the tired audience9.the audience who feel tired 10.a trapped animal10.an animal that is trapped There are many fallen leaves on the ground. = There are many leaves which had fallen on the ground. (地上有许多落叶) Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing. = Some of them , who had been born and brought up in rural villages, had never been to Beijing. (他们中的⼀些⼈，在农村出⽣并长⼤，从没去过北京) 及物动词的过去分词表⽰结束了的被动动作或者没有⼀定的时间性,只表⽰被动关系。

高中语法专项-----V-ed分词语法要点归纳：●V-ed分词一般表示被动和完成的意义。

源自不及物动词的V-ed分词则表示主动的完成意义。

V-ed分词只具有形容词性，在句中可充当定语，表语、宾语补足语、及状语。

一、作定语●过去分词作定语，表示已经完成的被动的动作或状态。

也有少量不及物动词构成的过去分词只表示完成，而不表示被动意义。

例如：完成+被动： a polluted river a locked room主动的完成：a retired worker a fallen leaf boiled water●作定语的V-ed分词也有前置和后置两种情况二、作表语●作表语的V-ed分词通常用于谓语动词BE或其他系动词之后（例如look，seem等），表示主语所处于的状态The water in the river is polluted. She looks very excited at the news.三、作宾语补足语如果宾语与后面作宾补的动词构成被动关系，则使用过去分词作宾补。

可以带过去分词作宾补的动词有：see, hear, watch, observe, notice, find, think, feel, want, get, have, leave, keep, make, like, wish, expect, order.有的作宾补的过去分词前可加上（to be）这主要在于引导宾补的动词通常可说v＋n＋to do sth, 其被动式为：v＋sth＋(to be) done.如：tell/want/wish/expect/order…sb to do sth,则有：tell/want/ wish/expect /order…sth to be done.例如：I want you to do the job. I want the job (to be) done by you.When we talk with others, we make ourselves understood not just by words.In the morning people woke up and found the world outside their houses completely changed.注：感官动词后面的过去分词表示被动状态，使让动词后过去分词表示让别人做或被动动作四、作状语作状语的V-ed分词短语在它与句子主要部分之间常有逗号隔开，在句中可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随动作或情况等。

过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语作用与用法过分(表示和被动的动作) 是有形容词.副词的作用,在句中可以用作定语,表语,宾语补足语和状语足语和状语1.定语: 过分做定语,表示分词的动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系,单一的确过去分词做定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前,过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰的名词之后,过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句The broken window (=The window which was broken) will be replaced soon. 破损的窗户很快就会被换掉. The books bought yesterday (=which were bought yesterday) are of high quality. 昨天买的书确实很不错昨天买的书确实很不错【点拨】过去分词和与其相关的名词、代词之间构成一种"动宾关系"，即"被动态"。

过去分词作定语，主要说明"业已完成的动作"或是"一个在以前某个未知时间发生的动作" 。

单个过去分词作定语，分词一般说来写在被修饰的名词、代词之前；分词短语作定语时，分词放在被修饰词之后在被修饰词之后(1)表示情绪的过去分词作定语：表示情绪的过去分词作定语：--She threw me a quick, frightened glance.他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼他迅速而惊恐地看了我一眼--His face wore a puzzled expression.他脸上有一种困惑的表情他脸上有一种困惑的表情--He had a pleased look on his face.他脸上现出高兴的神情他脸上现出高兴的神情--We can hear his excited voice.我们可以听到他激动的声音我们可以听到他激动的声音----The inspired soldier soon calmed down. 那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了那个受到鼓舞的士兵很快就平静下来了--The frightened girl sat in the corner quietly. 那位吓得惊慌的姑娘一声不响地坐在角落里。

高中英语语法中过去分词作定语和表语发布时间：2006-10-10 13:41:00 | 信息来源： | 浏览：过去分词作定语和表语过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。

过去分词作定语时，所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语，过去分词相当于谓语。

过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。

有时也不表示时间性。

作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。

例如：He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。

也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。

不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。

例如：fallen leaves 落叶retired workers 退休工人the risen sun 升起的太阳注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况：1. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。

例如：We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。

My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。

单个分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。

例如：They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。

2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。

例如：The student dressed in white is my daughter.=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.)穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。

3. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。