恢复期 Convalescent phase 急性期Acute phase 急性期
常用方法:直接凝集试验,乳胶凝集试验, 常用方法:直接凝集试验,乳胶凝集试验, ELISA. .
直接凝集试验The Fab portions of the antibodies link
microorganism together causing agglutination on the slide
Microscopy and stains Simple and less sensitive (bacteria No. >105/ml)
Gram positive
(Staphylococcus)
Gram negative Acid fast stain
(E.coli)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
病毒在培养细胞中增殖的指标 细胞的变化 红细胞吸斑法) 病毒的数量与感染性测定 嗜斑法) 嗜斑法
Plaque assay
Serial dilutions of virus have been plated on confluent monolayer cultures of cells. The cells are stained after a period of time in which a single virus infects a cell, produces new virus particles and infects surrounding cells. The white areas show areas of the culture in which the cells have been killed. Each "plaque" is the result of the presence of one original infectious virus particle. From:Dr.M.Hunt