非谓语动词讲解课件
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非谓语动词讲解及练习
一、单项选择非谓语动词
1.A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____all four people on board.
A.killed B.killing
C.kills D.to kill
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:一家小型飞机撞上了距离城市东部五英里的一个山腰,机上四人全部丧生。Plane与kill是主谓关系,应该使用现在分词表示主动,并作伴随状语。故选B。
2.Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ______ a good researcher.
A.make B.turn
C.get D.grow
【答案】A
【解析】
考查动词辨析。make表示“发展成为(=develop into)”,是及物动词;turn表示“变成,成为”是不及物动词;get“变成,做成”是不及物动词;grow表示“生长,成长”。根据句意“缺乏智能和毅力的人是不可能成为一个好的研究人员的。”及句式结构可知,此处应使用及物动词表示“使成为”之意,make a good researcher 意为“成为一个出色的研究者”。故最佳答案应为A项。
3.I’m afraid that I can’t attend Tom’s wedding party ______ next weekend.
A.to be held B.being held
C.held D.is to be held
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:考查非谓语动词作定语。句子中已经有了谓语can't attend,故此处应填非谓语动词,首先排除D。hold与party构成被动关系,但ABC答案均表被动。因此再根据时间状语next weekend可确定填不定式表将来,故选A。考查非谓语动词作定语时,要注意看与所修饰名词之间的关系,判断是主动还是被动。同时还要注意从时间上判定,不定式作定语表将来,现在分词表进行,过去分词表完成。
1 非谓语动词语法讲解
一、非谓语动词的概念
动词的基本用法是作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了,要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、 动词的过去分词:done
★不定式:表示目的和将来;
动词的ing:表示主动和进行;
过去分词:表示被动和完成。
二、非谓语动词的时态和语态
一般式 完成式 进行式
不定式 主动 to do to have done to be doing
被动 to be done to have been done
ing 形式 主动 doing having done
被动 being done having been done
过去分词 被动 done
三.非谓语动词的句法功能:
(一)动词不定式:to+do
1.不定式的否定式:not + to do
(1)一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生
I'm glad to meet you.
He seems to know a lot.
(2)进行式:不定式的动作正在发生
The boy pretended to be working hard.
He seems to be reading in his room.
(3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前
I regretted to have told a lie. 2 I happened to have seen the film.
2.不定式的句法功能:
(1)作主语:
To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.
★动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后
It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
非谓语动词
非谓语动词: 1动词不定式 2动名词 3分词( 现在分词;过去分词)
概述:
1.谓语动词:在句子中担任谓语的动词
2.非谓语动词:是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分。它们不受主语人称和数的限制,在句子中不能充当谓语,但可以充当句子的其他成分,并且有时态和语态的变化。
非谓语动词使用条件
一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下,
还有别的动词出现时。
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.
She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.
动词不定式
一.动词不定式的时态和被动形式
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种:
1. 一般式to do 例如:I like to read English.
2. 进行式to be doing 例如:He seemed to be reading something at that time.
3. 完成式to have done 例如:He seemed to have cleaned the room.
4. 被动式to be done 例如:The work is to be done soon.
5. 完成被动式to have been done
例如:The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.
二. 动词不定式的用法
I.作主语
(1)不定式做主语时,可以直接放在谓语动词之前。
To see is to believe. Not to get there in time is your fault.
(2)注:常用it做形式主语,将to do放在位于之后,使句子保持平衡。
非谓语动词讲解及练习
一、单项选择非谓语动词
1. in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A.Losing B.Having lost
C.Lost D.To lose
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:由于陷入沉思中,他差点撞上了前面那辆车。分析句子可知,本句为过去分词作原因状语,其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致都是he,逻辑主语省去了 。故选C。
2.Once be falls asleep, I have great difficulty _______ him up.
A.wake B.waken
C.to wake D.waking
【答案】D
【解析】
一旦他睡着了,我叫醒他就有很大的困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难,选D。
3.Look over there! There is a long, winding path ________ up to the house.
A.lead B.leading
C.led D.to lead
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:看那边!有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。分析句式可知,这是个there be 句型,因此,此处用非谓语动词,path与lead是主动关系,因此用现在分词,故选B。
4.Pressed from his parents, and ____ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined
to stop playing video games.
A.realizing B.realized
C.to realize D.being realized
【答案】A
【解析】