外研版高中英语选修六Module5Cloning教案
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外研版⾼中英语选修六Module5Cloning教案
Module 5 Cloning
【教学⽬标】1.掌握选修六M5的语法知识点
【知识梳理】
虚拟语⽓(Ⅰ)
阅读下列句⼦,体会⿊体部分的⽤法1.If you were head of the government, would you allow cloning?
2.If we hadn't made adequate preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so wonderful.
3.lf it were to rain/should rain/rained, the crops would be saved.
4.Had I worked hard, I would have surely succeeded.
5.Were she my daughter, I wouldn't allow her to study abroad.
6.Should I have time, I would call on her.
7.But for your help, we couldn't have succeeded.
8.She wasn't feeling well.Otherwise she wouldn't have left the meeting so early.⼀、虚拟语⽓在⾮真实条件句中的⽤法
要是我哥哥在这⼉,⼀切都没问题了。(与现在事实相反)If I had enough money, I would take the beautiful dress for my daughter.
如果我的钱⾜够的话,我就会为⼥⼉买下这件漂亮的礼服。(与现在事实相反)If you had got up earlier, you would have caught the train.
如果早点起床,你就会赶上⽕车了。(与过去事实相反)If it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.
如果明天下⾬的话,我们就得推迟运动会。(与将来事实相反)
⼆、虚拟条件的三种特殊形式1.省略if 的虚拟语⽓
虚拟条件句中若含有were, had 或should,可以把if 省略,把were,had 或should 提到句⾸,构成部分倒装。不可把否定的缩略形式⼀起置于句⾸。Were it Sunday tomorrow, we would go to the Great Wall.
要是明天是星期⽇,我们就能去长城了。Had I taken my father's suggestion, I would have done it better.
如果听从了⽗亲的建议,我会做得更好。Should it rain tomorrow, the sports meet would be put off.
如果明天下⾬,运动会会被推迟。Were it not for the expense, I would go abroad now.若不是费⽤的问题,我现在就出国了。2.错综时间条件句
在虚拟语⽓中,条件从句中的谓语可以和主句中的谓语发⽣时间不⼀致,这时从句和主句要根据各⾃所发⽣的时间选⽤符合具体时间的虚拟语⽓形式。If you had prepared in advance, you wouldn't be in such an awkward position now.
如果你事先做好准备,现在就不⾄于那么被动。(从句表⽰过去,主句表⽰现在)If I were you, I would have gone to his birthday party yesterday.
如果我是你,我昨天就去参加他的⽣⽇宴会了。(从句表⽰现在,主句表⽰过去)3.含蓄虚拟条件句
有时假设的情况不是以if 条件从句表⽰,⽽是通过其他形式表现出来,这种从句被称作含蓄虚拟条件句,其主要⽤法如下。(1)⽤but for, without 等介词(短语)表⽰条件。
But for the rain,we should have had a pleasant journey.
要不是下⾬,我们会有⼀次愉快的旅⾏。(2)⽤连词otherwise, or 等暗⽰后⽂与前⾯的情况相反,从⽽引出后⽂的虚拟语⽓。
There was a traffic jam on the way, otherwise, I would have arrived an hour ago.
路上堵车,要不然我⼀⼩时前就到了。(3)虚拟条件通过but 暗⽰出来,but 前⾯为虚拟语⽓,后⾯为真实情况。
I should have given you more help, but I was too busy.
我本该多帮帮你,但我太忙了。
三、虚拟语⽓⽤于wish后的宾语从句
在wish 后的宾语从句中,常常表⽰与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望,从句中通常⽤虚拟语⽓,意为“可惜……”、“……就好了”、“悔不该……”。
1.对现在的情况的虚拟,从句中谓语动词⽤过去式(be 动词⼀般⽤were)。
2.对过去情况的虚拟,从句中谓语动词常⽤had+过去分词。
3.对将来的主观愿望,从句中谓语动词常⽤would/could/might+动词原形。
I wish we could go to the seaside today.
我们今天去海边就好了。We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
我们要是早到那⾥两个⼩时就好了。I wish it would be fine tomorrow.
但愿明天天⽓晴朗。
四、其他⼏种虚拟语⽓1.It's (high/right ) time +that...句式
谓语动词⽤动词过去式或should +动词原形,其中should 不能省略,be 动词⽤were。表⽰“现在该……”。It's time that you had a hair cut.你该理发了。
It's high time that we should take some action.我们该采取⼀些⾏动了。2.would rather 虚拟语⽓从句
would rather 意为“宁愿……”。表⽰与现在或将来事实相反的愿望时,句⼦谓语动词⽤⼀般过去时;表⽰与过去事实相反的愿望时,句⼦谓语动词⽤过去完成时。I'd rather you paid me now.
我宁愿你现在就付给我钱。I would rather they came tomorrow.
我宁愿他们明天来。I'd rather she hadn't done that.
我宁愿她没做那件事。
【特⾊讲解】
单句语法填空1.If I had enough money now, I (buy) a car.
2.If we (drive) in turn, you wouldn't have got so tired.
3.If it (snow) tomorrow, we would take photos.
4.If you (no watch) TV yesterday, you (not be) sleepy now.
5.I was ill that day.Otherwise, I (take) part in the sports meeting.
【当堂练习】
基础演练
单句改错1.Were it rain tomorrow,the sports meet would be postponed.
2.If I had had time,I would have gone to the party with you.But I am very busy.
3.Without your help,the child wouldn't put up the picture on the wall just now.
4.I wish I visited the city before.
5.It's time that you go to school.
巩固提⾼
完成句⼦
①He looks SO ugly.1 wish he______ugly.
②He murdered the people I love most.wish he______them.
③The monster is terrifying—wish the monster_______SO terrifying.
④I didn't create a real human being.1 wish I______a human being.
⑤I feel lonely and unhappy.1 wish I_______unhappy.
⑥I'd like to live my life again.1 wish I_______again.
【】
⽤所给动词的适当形式填空1.If you ________ (succeed), everything would be all right.2.If she ________ (not be) ill, she might have come.
3.If Professor Li should have time tomorrow, we ________ (ask) him some questions.
4.If I ________ (know) his telephone number, I would call him right now.
5.She is busy now. If she ________ (be) here, she would go with you.
6.If I ________ (be) fly tomorrow, I would get up at five in the early morning.
7.She feels very lonely in that school. If she ________ (make) more friends, she ________ (not be) so lonely.
8.If she ________ (take) medicine earlier, she wouldn't be ill now.
9.I got stuck in the heavy traffic. Otherwise I ________ (come) here earlier.
10.But for your help, I couldn't ________ (find) the place.
【家庭作业】
⽤所给动词的适当形填空1.If you (finish) reading this book,please return it to me.
2.If you (know) how I suffered,you would pity me.