英语关于垃圾食品导致肥胖症的阅读理解文章

高考英语外刊阅读训练——阅读理解：塑料包装竟是令人变胖的罪魁祸首？本文节选自：The Guardian（卫报）发布时间：2023.04.07作者：Adrienne Matei原文标题：Plastics touching our food may be making us gain weightWhen it comes to keeping off extra pounds, watching what we eat may not be enough –we have to keep aneye on our food's packaging, too. Rates of obesity among US adults have increased from 14% in 1980 to 42% today, and half the world is expected to be overweight or obese by 2035, with children and teens facing the sharpest increase in obesity and its consequences. Because data doesn't support the idea that overeating and lack of exercise are squarely to blame, the scientific community is exploring other factors that may contribute –including metabolic disruption caused by eating products packagedin plastic.For a study published last year, researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology set outto determine what chemical compounds exist in 34 common plastic items that touch things we eat, such as yogurt cups, juice bottles, styrofoam meat trays,gummy-candy packages, and plastic wrap used forproduce and cheese, as well as items often found in kitchens, like polyurethane placemats and sponges.Of the 55,000 chemicals the researchers found in these items, only 629 were identifiable, with 11 being known metabolic disruptors such as phthalates and bisphenols, which interfere with our bodies' ability to regulate weight, among other troubling health effects. However, when exposed to in vitro human cell cultures (studies have not used human or animal test subjects), far more chemicals than the identified 11 metabolic disruptors triggered adipogenesis –the process underlying obesity, in which cells proliferate and accumulate an excess of fat.Plastics are made when chemical compounds from refined fossil fuels are mixed with various other, often toxic, chemicals to promote desired characteristics like flexibility and water resistance. We now understand that chemicals don't just stay put in the material but can leach from packaging into our food.The scientists I speak to frequently argue that we need to start reducing our exposure to plastic without waiting for more slow-moving research to unequivocally prove that the plastics in our food, products, blood and organs are risk factors for bad health outcomes.阅读理解：1. What is the main problem discussed in the article?A. The dangers of consuming too many chemicals found in plastics.B. The lack of exercise among US adults.C. The importance of eating a healthy diet.D. The negative impacts of technology on human health.2. What is one reason for the increase in obesity rates among US adults?A. Lack of access to healthy food options.B. Genetics and family history.C. Overconsumption of foods high in fat and sugar.D. Increased exposure to chemicals in plastic packaging.3. What did the Norwegian University of Science and Technology study aim to determine?A. The number of chemicals found in common plastic items.B. The impact of plastic on the environment.C. The effects of plastic on human metabolism.D. The best alternatives to plastic for food packaging.4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common plastic item that may touch our food?A. Juice bottles.B. Plastic wrap for produce and cheese.C. Glass containers.D. Styrofoam meat trays.5. What are phthalates and bisphenols?A. Chemical compounds found in refined fossil fuels.B. Types of plastic wrap used for produce and cheese.C. Known metabolic disruptors.D. The two most common causes of obesity.6. What is adipogenesis?A. The process of breaking down fat in the body.B. The process underlying obesity, in which cells proliferate and accumulate an excess of fat.C. The process of cells producing energy.D. The process of regulating weight in the body.7. What is the main reason that chemicals in plastic packaging may be harmful to human health?A. They can cause an increase in physical activity levels.B. They can lead to the production of excess fat in the body.C. They can cause damage to the cardiovascular system.D. They can leach from packaging into our food.8. What is the scientists' main argument in the article?A. We should wait for more research before taking action to reduce our plastic consumption.B. Plastic in our food and products poses no risk to our health.C. The negative health impacts of plastic on humans have been conclusively proven.D. We need to start reducing our exposure to plastic even without conclusive evidence.9. According to the article, what percentage of US adults are obese?A. 14%B. 42%C. 50%D. 75%10. What is one item often found in kitchens that the Norwegian University of Science and Technology studied?A. Polyurethane placemats.B. Cleaning products.C. Glass containers.D. Metal utensils.答案：1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.D 9.B 10.A词汇总结：1. obesity：肥胖症2. packaging：包装3. metabolic disruption：代谢干扰4. plastic：塑料5. chemical compounds：化合物6. in vitro：体外7. phthalates：邻苯二甲酸盐8. bisphenols：双酚类物质9. adipogenesis：脂肪生成10. leach：渗透11. risk factors：风险因素12. alternatives：替代方法13. flexibility：柔韧性14. toxic：有毒的15. proliferate：增殖16. accumulate：积累17. exposure：接触18. conclusive evidence：确凿证据19. food options：食物选择20. genetics：基因21. refined fossil fuels：精炼化石燃料22. water resistance：防水性23. cardiovascular system：心血管系统24. conclusive proof：确凿证据25. slow-moving research：进展缓慢的研究26. access：接近27. human cell cultures：人类细胞培养物28. yogurt cups：酸奶杯29. juice bottles：果汁瓶30. styrofoam meat trays：泡沫聚苯乙烯肉托盘31. gummy-candy packages：软糖包装32. plastic wrap：保鲜膜33. in vitro：体外34. human test subjects：人类测试对象35. toxic chemicals：有毒化学品36. desired characteristics：预期特性37. negative health impacts：负面健康影响38. sponges：海绵39. identify：确定40. regulatory：调节新词积累：1. squarely/ˈskwɛəlɪ/adv.直角地；诚实地；正好；干脆地；正当地2. metabolic/ˌmɛtəˈbɒlɪk/adj. 新陈代谢的3.adipogenesis/ ædɪpəʊˈdʒenɪsɪs /n.脂肪形成4. leach/liːtʃ/v.过滤，滤去；萃取；被过滤n.过滤，过滤过程；过滤器5. unequivocally/ ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvəkəli /adv. 明确地6.set out出发；开始；陈述；陈列写作句总结When it comes to keeping off extra pounds, watching what we eat may not be enough –we have to keep an eye on our food’s packaging.结构：When it comes to …, watching …may not be enough –we have to keep an eye on ….说到…，只关注于…可能还不够——我们还得留意…。

影响儿童肥胖的主要因素英文作文The Main Factors Causing Childhood ObesityObesity has become a really big problem for kids these days. It seems like everywhere I look, more and more of my classmates are overweight or obese. Being obese isn't just about looks - it can lead to serious health issues like diabetes, heart disease, and other problems. I've been learning about the causes of childhood obesity in school, and I want to share what I've learned about the main factors behind this growing epidemic.Poor DietOne of the biggest culprits is the kind of food many kids are eating nowadays. With fast food restaurants everywhere and a lot of families being too busy to cook healthy meals at home, kids are loading up on unhealthy, high-calorie, high-fat junk food. Things like burgers, fries, pizza, candy, chips, and sodas are full of empty calories that go straight to our waistlines.Even at school, the cafeteria food isn't much better, with greasy chicken nuggets, tater tots, and sugary desserts galore. And don't get me started on the vending machines that peddle nothing but junk! With all this low-nutrition food surrounding us,it's no wonder childhood obesity rates have gone through the roof.Lack of ExerciseIn addition to eating too much unhealthy food, a lot of kids simply aren't getting enough exercise and physical activity. I know I'm guilty of spending too much time in front of screens watching TV, playing video games, or messing around online instead of going outside to play and run around.These days, a lot of parents are working long hours and don't have as much time to take their kids to the park, enroll them in sports leagues, or just kick a ball around in the backyard like they used to. Many neighborhoods also aren't as safe for kids to go out and play unsupervised. So between busy schedules, technology overload, and safety concerns, kids are missing out on opportunities to burn calories and stay fit.GeneticsWhile diet and exercise are major factors we have some control over, genetics also plays a big role that is completely out of our hands. If one or both of a child's parents are overweight or obese, the child has a much higher risk of struggling with obesity themselves. This is because our genes influence things like ourappetites, how our bodies process and store fat, and our metabolic rates.Though we can't change the genes we inherited, understanding this factor is important. It means kids who are predisposed to obesity need to be extra mindful of their eating and exercise habits from an early age to counteract that genetic tendency.Too Little SleepMost adults know that not getting enough sleep can cause weight gain, but did you know that lack of sleep is linked to higher obesity rates in children too? Studies have shown that kids who don't get sufficient sleep at night tend to have bigger appetites and crave more sugary, starchy foods.There are a few reasons for this. First, insufficient sleep can throw off the hormones that regulate appetite and feelings of fullness. It can also lead to fatigue and less physical activity during the day. Finally, lack of sleep simply gives kids more awake time to overeat out of boredom or tiredness. With so many kids staying up late watching TV or gaming, sleep deprivation could be a surprisingly hefty contributor to the childhood obesity epidemic.Socioeconomic FactorsAnother factor that isn't talked about as much is how a family's income level and living situation can impact a child's diet and exercise habits. In lower-income neighborhoods, there tend to be fewer full-service grocery stores that sell affordable fresh fruits, vegetables, and other healthy foods. These areas typically have an overabundance of fast food restaurants and convenience stores that make unhealthy eating the easiest and cheapest option.Money issues can also make it harder for some families to enroll kids in after-school sports or activity clubs that would help them stay active. While eating right and being active sounds simple, these economic barriers make it an uphill battle for underprivileged families.So in summary, the main factors fueling high childhood obesity rates are:Too much junk food and sugary drinksNot enough physical activity and exerciseHaving overweight parents and genetic predispositionsLack of sufficient sleepSocioeconomic obstacles to healthy eating and activityAs you can see, a bunch of different things contribute to the childhood obesity problem these days. It's going to take a lot of work on many different levels - at home, at school, in our communities, and more - to turn this very serious health issue around for today's kids. But now that we understand what's causing it, we can start making changes and prioritizing better nutrition and fitness for the next generation. Every little bit helps in fighting for a healthier future!。

吃太多垃圾食品的危害英语作文Eating too much junk food can have serious consequences on our health. Not only does it contribute to weight gain and obesity, but it also increases the risk of developing chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. Furthermore, consuming excessive amounts of junk food can negatively impact our mental health, leading to mood swings, depression, and even addiction. It is crucial to understand the hazards of consuming junk food and make healthier choices for our overall well-being.中文回答，吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有严重的影响。

不仅会导致体重增加和肥胖，还会增加患心脏病、糖尿病和某些癌症等慢性疾病的风险。

此外，过量摄入垃圾食品还会对我们的心理健康产生负面影响，导致情绪波动、抑郁甚至成瘾。

了解吃垃圾食品的危害，并为我们的整体健康做出更健康的选择至关重要。

One of the main reasons why junk food is harmful to our health is its high content of unhealthy fats, sugars, andsodium. These ingredients not only contribute to weight gain but also increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. For example, consuming foods high in saturated and trans fats can raise cholesterol levels and clog arteries, leading to heart attacks and strokes. Additionally, excessive sugar intake can lead to insulin resistance and diabetes, while high sodium levels can raise blood pressure and increase the risk of hypertension. It is important to be aware of the negative effects of these ingredients and limit our consumption of junk food.垃圾食品对我们健康有害的主要原因之一是其高含量的不健康脂肪、糖和钠。

吃垃圾食品不喜欢运动导致体重超重英语作文It is a common problem for many people to struggle with weight gain due to a combination of poor eating habits and lack of physical activity.很多人因为不良的饮食习惯和缺乏体育活动而导致体重增加是一个常见的问题。

Firstly, the consumption of junk food and unhealthy snacks plays a significant role in weight gain. These foods are often high in calories, unhealthy fats, and sugar, which can lead to excessive weight gain when consumed regularly.首先，垃圾食品和不健康的零食的消耗在体重增加中起着重要作用。

这些食物通常高热量，不健康的脂肪和糖，经常食用会导致体重过度增加。

Moreover, the sedentary lifestyle that many people lead contributes to weight gain. With the proliferation of technology and the increase in desk jobs, people are spending more time sitting and being inactive, which can lead to weight gain and various health issues.此外，许多人过于久坐的生活方式也会导致体重增加。

随着科技的发展和办公室工作的增加，人们花费了更多的时间坐着和不活动，这会导致体重增加和各种健康问题。

垃圾食品危害英文作文Title: The Hazards of Junk Food。

In today's fast-paced world, junk food has become an integral part of many people's diets. However, its consumption poses significant risks to our health and well-being. In this essay, we will explore the detrimental effects of junk food and why it should be consumed in moderation, if at all.First and foremost, junk food is notorious for its high levels of unhealthy fats, sugars, and calories. These ingredients contribute to various health problems such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. Regular consumption of junk food can lead to weight gain, which in turn increases the risk of developing chronic illnesses. Moreover, the excessive intake of sugars can cause insulin resistance, paving the way for type 2 diabetes.Furthermore, junk food lacks essential nutrients thatare vital for our body's proper functioning. Instead of providing us with the necessary vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, it offers empty calories that do little to nourish our bodies. As a result, people who rely heavily on junk food may suffer from nutrient deficiencies, weakened immune systems, and overall poor health.In addition to its physical repercussions, junk foodcan also have adverse effects on mental health. Studieshave shown that a diet high in processed foods isassociated with an increased risk of depression and anxiety. The consumption of sugary snacks and beverages may provide temporary pleasure, but it can ultimately lead to mood swings and feelings of lethargy. Moreover, the addictive nature of junk food can trap individuals in a cycle of cravings and overeating, further exacerbating their mental well-being.Another concern surrounding junk food is its impact on children's health. With the rise of fast food chains and convenience stores, children are exposed to unhealthy food options from a young age. This early exposure can set themon a path towards poor dietary habits and lifelong health issues. Moreover, the aggressive marketing tactics employed by junk food companies often target children, making it difficult for parents to instill healthy eating habits in their kids.Despite these alarming consequences, junk food remains ubiquitous in our society due to its convenience, affordability, and addictive taste. However, it is imperative that we take steps to limit our consumption of these unhealthy foods and prioritize whole, nutritious options instead. By making mindful choices about what we eat, we can safeguard our health and well-being in the long run.In conclusion, junk food poses significant hazards to our health, ranging from obesity and diabetes to mental health issues and nutrient deficiencies. It is crucial that we recognize these risks and take proactive measures to reduce our intake of junk food. By prioritizing whole, nutritious foods and fostering healthy eating habits, wecan protect ourselves and future generations from the detrimental effects of junk food.。

吃垃圾食品不喜欢运动导致体重超重英语作文I used to have a bad habit of eating junk food and not exercising, which led to me being overweight. I would often snack on chips, cookies, and soda while watching TV or playing video games, and I rarely ever got any physical activity. This unhealthy lifestyle eventually took its toll on my body, as I started to gain more and more weight.At first, I didn't really notice the changes in my body. It wasn't until I started having trouble finding clothes that fit me and feeling tired all the time that I realized something was wrong. I went to see a doctor and was shocked to find out that I was significantly overweight for my age and height. The doctor warned me about the health risks of being overweight, such as heart disease, diabetes, and high blood pressure. I knew I had to make a change.I started to research about the importance of a healthy diet and regular exercise. I learned about the negative effects of consuming too much junk food and the benefits of staying active. I also sought advice from a nutritionist and a personal trainer to help me develop a new lifestyleplan. I began to swap out my unhealthy snacks for fruits, vegetables, and nuts, and I started going for walks and doing workouts at home.However, changing my habits was not easy. I struggled with cravings for junk food and often felt unmotivated to exercise. It took a lot of willpower and determination to stick to my new routine, but I knew that my health was at stake. I also found support from my family and friends, who encouraged me to keep going and praised me for every small achievement.After months of hard work and dedication, I started to see results. I lost weight, felt more energetic, and noticed improvements in my overall well-being. I also felt more confident and proud of myself for making positive changes in my life. I realized that taking care of my body was essential for my long-term health and happiness.现在，我已经改变了我的生活方式，坚持健康饮食和运动。

吃太多垃圾食品的危害英语作文英文回答：Overconsumption of Junk Food: Detrimental Effects on Health and Well-being.Junk food, characterized by its high content of unhealthy ingredients such as saturated and trans fats, added sugars, and refined grains, poses significant threats to human health and well-being. Excessive consumption of these processed and nutrient-deficient foods can lead to a plethora of adverse effects, both short-term and long-term.Weight Gain and Obesity.One of the most immediate and noticeable consequences of overeating junk food is weight gain. Junk foods are typically calorie-dense and low in fiber, which contributes to increased calorie intake and reduced feelings of fullness. Over time, this calorie surplus can lead toweight gain and the development of obesity.Cardiovascular Disease.The consumption of junk food is strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including heart disease and stroke. Junk foods are often high in saturated and trans fats, which raise cholesterol levels and contribute to the formation of plaques in the arteries. These plaques can narrow the arteries andrestrict blood flow, increasing the risk of heart attack or stroke.Type 2 Diabetes.Overconsumption of junk food can also increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. Junk foods contain large amounts of added sugars, which can lead to high blood sugar levels and insulin resistance. Over time, this can damage the pancreas and impair its ability to produce insulin, leading to the development of type 2 diabetes.Metabolic Syndrome.Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions characterized by obesity, high blood pressure, elevated blood sugar, and high cholesterol. Junk food consumption is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome, as it contributes to insulin resistance, weight gain, and elevated triglyceride levels.Mental Health Issues.Studies have suggested a link between junk food consumption and mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety. Junk foods are often high in processed carbohydrates, which can cause spikes in blood sugar levels followed by crashes. These fluctuations can contribute to mood swings, irritability, and feelings of anxiety.Cancer.Some research has indicated that overconsumption of junk food may increase the risk of certain types of cancer,such as colorectal cancer. Junk foods are often low in fiber, which is linked to an increased risk of developing colon cancer. Additionally, processed meats and other unhealthy ingredients commonly found in junk foods have been associated with an increased risk of cancer.Recommendations for a Healthier Diet.To mitigate the adverse effects of junk food, it is crucial to adopt a balanced diet that emphasizes whole, unprocessed foods. This includes:Fruits and vegetables.Whole grains.Lean protein sources.Healthy fats.Adequate hydration.Limiting the consumption of junk foods and focusing on nutrient-rich foods can help maintain a healthy weight, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and promote overall well-being.中文回答：垃圾食品吃太多了的危害。

垃圾食品危害英语作文English:Consuming junk food is harmful to our health in many ways. Junk food is often loaded with unhealthy ingredients such as excessive sugar, salt, and saturated fats, which can lead to various health problems like obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. Additionally, junk food lacks essential nutrients like vitamins, minerals, and fiber, which are crucial for our overall well-being. Regularly eating junk food can also have a negative impact on our mental health, contributing to mood swings, fatigue, and decreased cognitive function. Moreover, the convenience and affordability of junk food make it easy for people to develop unhealthy eating habits, leading to long-term health issues. It is important to be aware of the dangers of consuming junk food and make healthier food choices to protect our well-being.Translated content:食用垃圾食品在很多方面对我们的健康都有害。

关于垃圾食品的英语阅读理解Title: The Impact of Junk Food on HealthIntroduction: Junk food refers to highly processed and low-nutrient foods that are often high in calories, unhealthy fats, sugar, and sodium. These foods are typically convenient and readily available, but their consumption has been linked to various health issues. This article explores the negative impact of junk food on health.Body:Obesity: Regular consumption of junk food can lead to weight gain and obesity. These foods are often high in calories and low in essential nutrients, leading to overeating and an imbalance in the body’s energy intake. Obesity increases the risk of developing chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and certain types of cancer.Nutritional Deficiencies: Junk food lacks essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and fiber. Instead, they are loaded with unhealthy additives, preservatives, and artificial flavors. Relying on junk food as a primary source of nutrition can result in deficiencies in important nutrients, leading to poor overall health and weakened immune system.Increased Risk of Chronic Diseases: The excessive consumption of junk food has been linked to an increased risk of chronic diseases. High levels of unhealthy fats, sugar, and sodium in these foods can contribute to high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and insulin resistance. These conditions are risk factors for heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes.Poor Mental Health: Studies have shown a correlation between junk food consumption and poor mental health. A diet high in processed foods has been associated with an increased risk of depression, anxiety, and mood disorders. On the other hand, a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains has been linked to better mental well-being.Conclusion: While junk food may be tempting and convenient, its consumption can have detrimental effects on health. Regular intake of these foods can lead to obesity, nutritional deficiencies, increased risk of chronic diseases, and poor mental health. It is important to prioritize a balanced diet consisting of whole, unprocessed foods to maintain good health and well-being.。