新东方2012.01-36套阅读解析exer3

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Exercise 34Only an effective collaboration between filmmakers andart historians can create films that will enhance viewers' perceptions of art. Filmmakers need to resist the impulse to move the camera quickly from detail to detail for fear ofboring the viewer, to frame the image for the sake of drama alone, to add music for fear of silence. Filmmakers areaware that an art object demands concentration and, at the same time, are concerned that it may not be compelling enough―and so they hope to provide relief by interposing "real" scenes that bear only a tangential relationship to the subject. But a work of art needs to be explored on its own terms. On the other hand, art historians need to trust thatone can indicate and analyze, not solely with words, but alsoby directing the viewer's gaze. The specialized written language of art history needs to be relinquished or at least tempered for the screen. (158 words)1.The passage suggests that a filmmaker desiring toenhance viewers‘ perceptions of art should do which ofthe following?(A) Rely on the precise language of art history when developing scripts for films on art.(B) Rely on dramatic narrative and music to set afilm's tone and style.(C) Recognize that a work of art by itself can becompelling enough to hold a viewer's attention(D) Depend more strongly on narration instead ofcamera movements to guide the viewer's gaze.(E) Emphasize the social and the historical contextswithin which works of art have been created.2.According to the passage, art historians desiring towork with filmmakers to enhance the public'sappreciation of art need to acknowledge which of the following?(A) The art historian's role in the creation of a film onart is likely to be a relatively minor one.(B) Film provides an ideal opportunity to acquaintviewers with a wide range of issues that relateincidentally to a work of art.(C) An in-depth analysis of a work of art is not an appropriate topic for a film on art.(D) Although silence may be an appropriate back-ground when viewing a work of art in amuseum, it is inappropriate in a film.(E) Film can use nonverbal means to achieve some ofthe same results that a spoken or written discoursecan achieve.阅读1：Q1:文章的意思就是说你的摄像机运动和音乐要少一点，not compelling说的就是这些东西要not impule，要用art本身的力量和观众的gaze来说明问题，所以正确答案C；Q2：文中说art historians need to trust that one can indicate and analyze, not solely with words, but also by directing the viewer's gaze. 所以正确答案E;As people age, their cells become less efficient and less ableto replace damaged components. At the same time their tissuesstiffen. For example, the lungs and the heart muscle expand lesssuccessfully, the blood vessels become increasingly rigid, andthe ligaments and tendons tighten.Few investigators would attribute such diverse effects to asingle cause. Nevertheless, researchers have discovered that aprocess long known to discolor and toughen foods may alsocontribute to age- related impairment of both cells and tissues.That process is nonenzymatic glycosylation, whereby glucosebecomes attached to proteins without the aid of enzymes. Whenenzymes attach glucose to proteins (enzymatic glycosylation),they do so at a specific site on a specific protein molecule for aspecific purpose. In contrast, the nonenzymatic process addsglucose haphazardly to any of several sites along any availablepeptide chain within a protein molecule.This nonenzymatic glycosylation of certain proteins hasbeen understood by food chemists for decades, although fewbiologists recognized until recently that the same steps couldtake place in the body. Nonenzymatic glycosylation beginswhen an aldehyde group (CHO) of glucose and an amino group(NH2) of a protein are attracted to each other. The moleculescombine, forming what is called a Schiff base within the protein.This combination is unstable and quickly rearranges itself into astabler, but still reversible, substance known as an Amadoriproduct.If a given protein persists in the body for months or years,some of its Amadori products slowly dehydrate and rearrangethemselves yet again, into new glucose-derived structures.These can combine with various kinds of molecules to form irreversible structures named advanced glycosylation end products (AGE's). Most AGE's are yellowish brown and fluorescent and have specific spectrographic properties. More important for the body, many are also able to cross-link adjacent proteins, particularly ones that give structure to tissues and organs. Although no one has yet satisfactorily described the origin of all such bridges between proteins, many investigators agree that extensive cross-linking of proteins probably contributes to the stiffening and loss of elasticity characteristic of aging tissues.In an attempt to link this process with the development of cataracts (the browning and clouding of the lens of the eye as people age), researchers studied the effect of glucose on solutions of purified crystallin, the major protein in the lens of the eye. Glucose-free solutions remained clear, but solutions with glucose caused the proteins to form clusters, suggesting that the molecules had become cross-linked. The clusters diffracted light, making the solution opaque. The researchers also discovered that the pigmented cross-links in human cataracts have the brownish color and fluorescence characteristic of AGE's. These data suggest that nonenzymatic glycosylation of lens crystallins maycontribute to cataract formation. (454 words)For the following question, consider each of thechoices separately and select all that apply3. According to the passage, which of the followingis NOT characteristic of enzymatic glycosylation of proteins?A Proteins affected by the process are made unstable.B Glucose attachment impairs and stiffens tissues.C Glucose is attached to proteins for specific purposes.4. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of Amadori products in proteins?(A) They are more plentiful in a dehydratedenvironment.(B) They are created through enzymatic glycosylation.(C) They are composed entirely of glucose molecules.(D) They are derived from Schiff bases.(E) They are derived from AGE's5. Which of the following best describes the function of the third paragraph of the passage?(A) It offers evidence that contradicts the findings described in the first two paragraphs.(B) It presents a specific example of the process discussed in the first two paragraphs.(C) It explains a problem that the researchers mentioned in the second paragraph have yet to solve.(D) It evaluates the research discoveries describedin the previous paragraph.(E) It begins a detailed description of the process introduced in the previous two paragraphs.6. The passage suggests that which of the following would be LEAST important in determiningwhether nonenzymatic glycosylation is likely to have taken place in the proteins of a particular tissue?(A) The likelihood that the tissue has beenexposed to free glucose(B) The color and spectrographic properties of structures within the tissue.(C) The amount of time that the proteins in the tissue have persisted in the body(D) The number of amino groups within the proteins in the tissue(E) The degree of elasticity that the tissue exhibits参考翻译：Q3. 定位在：When enzymes attach glucose to proteins (enzymatic glycosylation), they do soat a specific site on a specific protein molecule for a specific purpose；对应C，其他两个选项文章没提，答案AB；Q4. The molecules combine, forming what is called a Schiff base within the protein.This combination is unstable and quickly rearranges itself into a stabler, but still reversible, substance known as an Amadori product. 所以答案D；Q5. 详细叙述了Nonenzymatic glycosylation的过程，答案E；Q6. Nonenzymatic glycosylation begins when an aldehyde group (CHO) of glucose and an amino group (NH2) of a protein are attracted to each other 只是提了，但是没有说数量，所以是D；A中the tissue has been exposed to free glucose实际上就是glycosylation，不能说没有关系；7. It takes a particular talent to be a successful businessmanager. Business courses can help people to solvemanagement problems, but such courses can do soonly for those people with managerial talent. Suchpeople should take business courses to acquire ideasthat they can subsequently use to good advantage ifmanagement problems happen to arise.If the statements above are true, which of the followingmust also be true on the basis of them?(A) People who are helped by business courses insolving management problems also havemanagerial talent.(B) People who are already skilled at solvingmanagement problems are unlikely to benefitfrom business courses.(C) Most ideas that are used successfully in solvingmanagement problems are those acquired inbusiness courses.(D) People who lack managerial talent are morelikely to take business courses than are peoplewho have managerial talent.(E) Those people who have never taken businesscourses are unable to solve managementproblems when such problems arise.阅读2：只有具有天赋，才能上课；天赋是上课的前提假设（必要条件），上课是天赋的充分条件；文章结论是：那些都应该来上课；若想让上课成立，那么其前提假设必须成立，即那些上课人必须要有天赋，答案A；The age at which young children begin to make moraldiscriminations about harmful actions committed againstthemselves or others has been the focus of recent research intothe moral development of children. Until recently, childpsychologists supported pioneer developmentalist Jean Piaget inhis hypothesis that because of their immaturity, children underage seven do not take into account the intentions of a personcommitting accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simplyassign punishment for transgressions on the basis of themagnitude of the negative consequences caused.However, in recent research, Keasey found that six- year-oldchildren not only distinguish between accidental and intentionalharm, but also judge intentional harm as naughtier, regardless ofthe amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem toindicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed,advance into the second stage of moral development, moralautonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them asmore arbitrary than do children in the first stage. (163 words)8.According to the passage, Piaget and Keasey would not have agreed on which of the following points?(A) The kinds of excuses children give for harmfulacts they commit(B) The age at which children begin to discriminate between intentional and unintentional harm(C) The intentions children have in perpetrating harm(D) The circumstances under which children punish harmful acts(E) The justifications children recognize for mitigating punishment for harmful acts9.According to the passage, Keasey's findings support which of the following conclusions about six-year-old children?(A)They have the ability to make autonomous moral judgments.(B)They regard moral absolutism as a threat to theirmoral autonomy.(C)They do not understand the concept of public duty.(D)They accept moral judgment made by their peersmore easily than do older children.(E)They make arbitrary moral judgments.As of the late 1980's. neither theorists nor large-scale computer climate models could accurately predictwhether cloud systems would help or hurt a warming globe. Some studies suggested that a four percent increasein stratocumulus clouds over the ocean could compensate for a doubling in atmospheric carbon dioxide, preventinga potentially disastrous planetwide temperature increase. On the other hand, an increase in cirrus clouds could increase global warming.That clouds represented the weakest element in climate models was illustrated by a study of fourteen such models. Comparing climate forecasts for a world with double the current amount of carbon dioxide, researchers found that the models agreed quite well if clouds were not included. But when clouds were incorporated, a wide range of forecasts was produced.(125 words)10. Select the sentence that indicates one reason the fourteen models described in the passage failed toagree.阅读1：参考翻译：阅读2：参考翻译：B AQ8,由首句“The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children.”+“children under age seven”+“six- year-old children”，不选年龄就不知道选什么了Q9，最后一句“advance into the second sta ge of moral development, moral autonomy”autonomy是选项Aautonomous的词性转换Q10 “But when clouds were incorporated, a wide range of forecasts was produced”，一个but与上句的agree quite well 相反，意思跃然纸上。

2012Text 1Come on –Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.” Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!” pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long. Rage Agains t the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that’s th e problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.文章出处：/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2061234,00.htmlherd mentality21. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as根据第一段，同龄人的压力通常以什么样的状态出现：[A] a supplement to the social cure对于社会治疗的补充[B] a stimulus to group dynamics对于团队活力的刺激[C] an obstacle to school progress学校进步的阻碍[D] a cause of undesirable behaviors一些不良行为的原因解析：这是一个细节题：对应文中It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex.题干中的often对应原文中的usually;选项中undesirable behaviors对应no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. lead对于cause.完美替换，四级难度，出题人很仁慈。

新GRE阅读理解36套GRE–RC–36[This page is intentionally left blank. ]目录新GRE 阅读理解36 套 (1)提示 (1)Exercise 1 (1)Exercise 2 (7)Exercise 3 (13)Exercise 4 (19)Exercise 5 (24)Exercise 6 (29)Exercise 7 (34)Exercise 8 (40)Exercise 9 (47)Exercise 10 (53)Exercise 11 (59)Exercise 12 (65)Exercise 13 (71)Exercise 14 (78)Exercise 15 (84)Exercise 16 (90)Exercise 17 (96)Exercise 18 (101)Exercise 19 (107)Exercise 20 (113)Exercise 21 (119)Exercise 22 (125)Exercise 23 (130)Exercise 24 (136)Exercise 25 (141)Exercise 26 (147)Exercise 27 (153)Exercise 28 (159)Exercise 29 (165)Exercise 30 (170)Exercise 31 (175)Exercise 32 (181)Exercise 33 (187)Exercise 34 (193)Exercise 35 (199)Exercise 36 (205)答案 (210)（ 提示1. 文章篇幅、题目数量、文章与题目难度、文字界面等均有可能与正式考试有差别。

使用本材料训练 者请遵循风险自担原则。

但同时，编者已经尽可能使本材料符合实际考试情况。

2. 练习 Exercise1-16 有 4-6 篇文章，12-13 道题，与笔试情况相符，可作为基础训练材料。

新GRE阅读理解36套翻译（2012）版本：0.1日期：2012年07月28日整理：朱晨[This page intentionally left blank. ]目录EXERCISE 1 (1)EXERCISE 2 (3)EXERCISE 3 (6)EXERCISE 4 (8)EXERCISE 5 (10)EXERCISE 6 (12)EXERCISE 7 (14)EXERCISE 8 (16)EXERCISE 9 (18)EXERCISE 10 (20)EXERCISE 11 (22)EXERCISE 12 (24)EXERCISE 13 (26)EXERCISE 14 (28)EXERCISE 15 (30)EXERCISE 16 (32)EXERCISE 17 (35)EXERCISE 18 (37)EXERCISE 19 (40)EXERCISE 20 (42)EXERCISE 21 (45)EXERCISE 22 (48)EXERCISE 23 (50)EXERCISE 24 (53)EXERCISE 25 (55)EXERCISE 26 (58)EXERCISE 27 (60)EXERCISE 28 (62)EXERCISE 29 (65)EXERCISE 30 (67)EXERCISE 31 (69)EXERCISE 32 (71)EXERCISE 33 (73)EXERCISE 34 (75)EXERCISE 35 (77)EXERCISE 36 (79)Exercise 11.1与博弈理论相关的是某些寄生黄蜂的性别比率，他们拥有大量的雌蜂。

在这些蜂类中，受精卵孵化为雌蜂，未受精卵孵化为雄蜂。

雌蜂储存精子，她产的每个卵子是否受精都由雌蜂决定。

根据F的基因理论，生物倾向于这样的性别比例，即能够拥有最多数量的后代，因此能最大程度复制并传递基因，为此，产生等量的雌性和雄性后代对他们是有利的。

2012年阅读真题解析2012年试题分析Passage One生词释义1. be popular with sb: 在sb中很受欢迎2. to scorn: （动词）轻视，蔑视=look down uponscornful: (形容词）轻视的3. Los Angeles Unified：洛杉矶联合校区4. across the country: 整个国家= throughout the country5. to revise: 修订，修改6. ritual:（名词）1）仪式，*ancient religious rituals 古代的宗教仪式*the importance of religion and ritual in our lives 我们生活中宗教和仪式的重要性*The lady of the house performs the sacred ritual of lighting two candles.女主人点燃了两根蜡烛，举行了神圣的仪式。

2）（文中含义）惯例* the daily ritual of mealtimes 每天吃饭的惯例* He went through the ritual of lighting his cigar.他习惯性地点了一支烟。

7. flexible: 灵活的，可改变的inflexible: 不可改变的8. to mandate: （及物动词）强制规定* These measures were mandated by the IMF. 国际货币组织强制规定了这些措施。

# mandate that ...规定.....;要求....* Justice mandates that we should treat all candidates equally.正义要求我们平等对待所有的候选人。

9. exception: 例外# with the exception of sth: 除….之外= except* We all laughed, with the exception of Maggie.#without exception 无一例外*Each plant, without exception, contains some kind of salt. 每一种植物都无一例外地含有某种盐。

2012年12月三级试题答案Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A1-5 AABDB 6-10 BDCCBSection B11-15 BDABB 16-20 CACBCSection C21. developed22. Organized23. goal24. keep25. touch26. control27. competition28. including the most famous player of all29. held every major record for the sport30. Soccer is definitely the world’s most popular sport.Part II Reading ComprehensionSection A Passage Reading31-35 CCDBD 36-40 CABBD41-45 BBCABSection BDirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in thebank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Y ou may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once.46. N viewers47. D regular48. A follow49. C move50. E from51. M cost52. L charge53. H for54. G empty55. O extraPart III Integrated TestingSection A Cloze56-60 DCBAA 61-65 BACCA 66-70 BAAAB 71-75 DDABCSection BDirections:In this part there is a short passage followed by five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete thestatements with no more than 10 words. Please write your answers on AnswerSheet 2.76. Because of modern methods of transport77. Because there is not a common language78. Chinese79. Its influence/ interferenece/ domination80. Because they speak different dialects of English.。

新东方2012高考英语模拟试题(全国卷)（附答案）一、单选题（单选（20分））1、 telegramA. seriousB. athleteC. operateD. collect2、 explodeA. explanationB. existC. exactlyD. excuse3、 graduateA. hugeB. neighborC. organizeD. passenger4、 shoulderA. loudB. pronounceC. soulD. southern5、 capitalA. imagineB. affordC. blameD. manage6、 Mike owns ____ larger collection of ____ books than any other students in the class.A. the; /B. a; /C. a ; theD. /; the7、 Mrs. Green prefers a restaurant in a small town to ____ in so large a city as New York.A. thisB. oneC. itD. that8、 The employees have not been paid ____ since the new manager took over this company last month.A. regularlyB. commonlyC. absolutelyD. ordinarily9、 --I rang you yesterday afternoon. A man answered, but I didn’t recognize the voice.--Oh，it____ my uncle. He was in my room then.A. should have beenB. should beC. must have beenD. must be10、Don’t put the waste on the ground, young man.--Oh, I’m sorry. I ____ the dustbin there.A. didn’t seeB. hadn’t seenC. can’t seeD. wasn’t seeing11、 Information has been put forward ____ more measures will be taken to solve the economic problems.A. whileB. whenC. asD. that12、 So little ____ about science that the lecture was ____ my understanding.A. I know; overB. knew I; beyondC. did I know; beyondD. did I know; over13、 --Hi, Lydia. Are you going to the concert on Friday--I’d like to. But there are so many problems ____.A. remaining to be settledB. remained settlingC. remaining to settleD. remained to be settled14、 --I tried many times, but I still failed in the experiment.--Don’t be discouraged. ____ and the problem will be settled.A. Making a little effortB. There being a little effortC. If you make a bit effortD. A bit more effort15、 After retiring, he was recommended to ____ gardening as a hobby.A. take upB. take onC. take offD. take away16、 Mr Smith, may I ask for a few days off I am worn out.--____. We are too busy.A. Don’t mentionB. Forget itC. Don’t worryD. That’s right17、 On yeste rday’s interview, he didn’t make a(an) ____ at all; what was the matter with himA. apologyB. changeC. differenceD. appearance18、 My mother ____ for Beijing in a few days. I wonder when the earliest plane ____ on MondayA. leaves; takes offB. is leaving; takes offC. is leaving; is taking offD. leaves; is taking off19、 The matter has reached to a point ____ the two sides will have to go to court.A. whenB. thatC. whereD. which20、 These flowers need special care ____ they can live through winter.A. becauseB. even ifC. so thatD. as三、22、 ----Lovely day, isn’t it----Mm, yes, 1 And it’s supposed to get warmer.----Yes, that’s true. You know, though, I’m always a little worried to see winter go.-----Well, I love skating. In fact, I used to teach skating for a living.-----Oh That sounds interesting. 3-----I work at Bank of America. How about you----- 4-----Here-----No, I’m from Chicago. I’m just visiting here for the wedding.----Oh, I see.----By the way, 5 I’m Helen Keller.----Nice to meet you. My name is John Smith.A. But what do you do nowB. It’s very cold.C. It’s really warm.D. I guess I should introduce myself.E. I’m on the radio station.F. What’ your nameG. Really四、五、作文（书面表达（30分））25、假如你是方华，美国一友好学校的负责人Mr. Smith 来信，询问关于你们两所学校合办一份中学生杂志的事宜。

2012年考研英语阅读理解及答案解析32012年考研英语阅读理解及答案解析3Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialization was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.No clearcut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word‘amateur’ does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community， and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialization in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, imp /doc/d2*******.html,/kcnet1480/ lied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, localstudies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.Although the process of professionalisation and specialization was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned /doc/d2*******.html,/kcnet1480/ as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.51. The growth of specialization in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as .［A］ sociology and chemistry［B］ physics and psychology［C］ sociology and psychology［D］ physics and chemistry52. We can infer from the passage that .［A］there is little distinction between specialization andprofessionalisation［B］amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science［C］professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community［D］amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones53. The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate .［A］ the process of specialization and professionalisation［B］ the hardship of amateurs in scientific study［C］ the change of policies in scientific publications［D］ the discrimination of professionals against amateurs54. The direct reason for specialization is .［A］ the development in communication［B］ the growth of professionalisation［C］ the expansion of scientific knowledge［D］ the splitting up of academic societies核心词汇：academic［9A kE5demik］a.学院的；学术性的；（academ古希腊哲学家柏拉图及其弟子研究学问的地方+ic形容词后缀→学术的）accumulate［E5kju:mjuleit］vt.堆积，积累，积聚vi.累积，聚积（ac+cumul堆积+ate→堆积起来→积累）;accumulation（n.积累，堆积）即accumulate+tionamateur［5AmEtE:］a./n.业余（水平）的（运动员、艺术家等）（amat+eur人→热爱的人→业余爱好者）comparison［kEm5pArisn］n.比较,对比,比喻,比拟（compar+ison名词后缀）connotation［9cCnEu5teiFEn］n.含蓄,含义(con+not（e）+ation)，con前缀“一起”，note记录，ation名词后缀，所有东西都被一起记录在其中→含义constitute［5kCnstitju:t］vt.组成，构成，形成；设立，建立，任命（con 一起+stitute→放到一起→构成）crucial［5kru:FiEl, 5kru:FEl］a.至关重要的,决定性的definition［9defi5niFEn］n.定义,解释;（轮廓影像等的）清晰度;阐明（defin +ition名词后缀→定义）delay［di5lei］v.耽搁; 延误;推迟; 延期(de不+lay放置→未及时放置好→耽搁)demonstrate［5demEnstreit］v.论证,证实;演示,说明（de加强+monster+ate动词→加强显示→证明）distinction［dis5tiNkFEn］n.区别,差别;级别;特性;声望;显赫（distinct+ion名词后缀）emphasis［5emfEsis］n.加强语气; 强调;（赋予某事物）特殊的意义、价值或重要性(em加强语气+phas显示+is名词后缀→加强显示→强调)integrate［5intigreit］v.（使）成为一体,（使）结合在一起(integ完整+ate动词后缀→使结合)journal［5dVE:nl］n.定期刊物,杂志,日报;日志,日记(journ日期+al形容词后缀→日期，杂志)logical［5lCdVikEl］a.逻辑的,符合逻辑的(log说话+ic名词后缀→说话的学问+al形容词后缀→合乎逻辑的)overall［5EuvErC:l］a.全面的,综合的n.（pl.）（套头）工作服participate［pa:5tisipeit］v.参加, 参与(parti部分，分开+cip进入+ate动词后缀→进入一部分→参加);participation（n.参加；分享）即Parti+cip+ationprimacy［5praimEsi］n.第一或首先的状态; 首席的职责, 重要性(prim第一，主要的+acy名词后缀→重要性)professional［prE5feFEnl］a.职业的,专门的n.自由职业者,专业人士（profession+al形容词后缀）;professionalisation（n.职业化）即professional+is（e）+ationpsychology［sai5kClEdVi］n.心理,心理学,心理状态（psycho 心理+logy名词后缀表示科学，学问→心理学）publication［pQbli5keiFEn］n.出版物;出版,发行;公布,发表（public公众的+ation名词后缀）reckon［5rekEn］vi.计算,总计,估计（up）;猜想;依赖;认为把……看作；视为(reck注意+on表状态或动作的动词后缀→指望) referee［refE5ri:］n.裁判员（refer+ee表示人→被提出的人→裁判）reflect［ri5flekt］v.反射;表达；反映;仔细考虑(re反+flect弯曲返回→反射)represent［repri5zent］v.描述,表示;代表,代理;阐明,说明（re+present）response［ris5pCns］n.回答,响应,反应（re回+spons+e名词后缀→承诺回应→回答）reveal［ri5vi:l］v.展现,显示,揭示,揭露,告诉,泄露（re反+veal→反盖上→不让盖上→揭露）separate［5sepEreit9 5sepErit］a.分离的,分开的（se分开+par 安排+ate动词和形容词后缀→分离）split［split］v.裂开,劈开;分裂,分离n.分化,分裂,裂口。