2021年MBA全国联考试题英语试题

2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Fluid intelligence is the type of intelligence that has to do with short-term memory and the ability to think quickly,logically,and abstractly in order to solve new problems.It1in young adulthood,levels out for a period of time,and then2starts to slowly decline as we age.But3aging is inevitable,scientists are finding out that certain changes in brain function may not be.One study found that muscle loss and the4of body fat around the abdomen are associated with a decline in fluid intelligence.This suggests the5that lifestyle factors might help prevent or6this type of decline.The researchers looked at data that7measurements of lean muscle and abdominal fat from more than 4,000middle-to-older-aged men and women and8that data to reported changes in fluid intelligence over a six-year period.They found that middle-aged people9higher measures of abdominal fat10worse on measures of fluid intelligence as the years11.For women,the association may be12to changes in immunity that resulted from excess abdominal fat;in men,the immune system did not appear to be13.It is hoped that future studies could14these differences and perhaps lead to different15for men and women.16there are steps you can17to help reduce abdominal fat and maintain lean muscle mass as you age in order to protect both your physical and mental18.The two highly recommended lifestyle approaches are maintaining or increasing your19of aerobic exercise and following Mediterranean-style20that is high in fiber and eliminates highly processed foods.1.[A]pauses[B]return[C]peaks[D]fades2.[A]alternatively[B]formally[C]accidentally[D]generally3.[A]while[B]since[C]once[D]until4.[A]detection[B]accumulation[C]consumption[D]separation5.[A]possibility[B]decision[C]goal[D]requirement6.[A]delay[B]ensure[C]seek[D]utilize7.[A]modified[B]supported[C]included[D]predicted8.[A]devoted[B]compared[C]converted[D]applied9.[A]with[B]above[C]by[D]against10.[A]lived[B]managed[C]scored[D]played11.[A]ran out[B]set off[C]drew in[D]went by12.[A]superior[B]attributable[C]parallel[D]resistant13.[A]restored[B]isolated[C]involved[D]controlled14.[A]alter[B]spread[C]remove[D]explain15.[A]compensations[B]symptoms[C]demands[D]treatments16.[A]Likewise[B]Meanwhile[C]Therefore[D]Instead17.[A]change[B]watch[C]count[D]take18.[A]well-being[B]process[C]formation[D]coordination19.[A]level[B]love[C]knowledge[D]space20.[A]design[B]routine[C]diet[D]prescriptionSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1How can Britain’s train operators possibly justify yet another increase to rail passenger fares?It has become a grimly reliable annual ritual:every January the cost of travelling by train rises,imposing a significant extra burden on those who have no option but to use the rail network to get to work or otherwise.This year’s rise an average of 2.7percent,maybe a fraction lower than last year’s,but it is still well above the official Consumer Price Ind-er (CPI)measure of inflation.Successive governments have permitted such increases on the grounds that the cost of investing in and running the rail network.Should be borne by those who use it,rather than the general taxpayer.Why,the argument goes, should a car-driving pensioner from Lincoln-shire have to subscribe the daily commute of a stockbroker from survey?Equally,there is a sense that the travails of commuters in the south East,many of whom will face among the biggest rises,have received too much attention compared to those who must endure the relativity poor infrastructure of the Mid lands and the North.However,over the past12months,those commuters have also experienced some of the worst rail strikes in years.It is all very well train operators trumpeting the improvements they are making to the network,but passengers should be able to expect a basic level of service for the substantial sums they are now paying to travel. The responsibility for the test wave of strikes rests on the wines.However,there is a strong case that those who have been worst affected by industrial action should receive compensation for the disruption they have suffered.The Government has pledged to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement,so that,even when strikes occur,services can continue to operate.This should from part of a wider package of measures to address the long-running problems on Britain’s railways.Yes,more investment is needed,but passengers will not be willing to pay more indefinitely if they must also endure cramped,unreliable services interrupted by regularchaos when time tables are changed,or planned maintenance is managed incompetently.They threat of nationalization may have been seen off for now,but it will return with a vengeance if the justified anger of passengers is not addressed in short order.21.The author holds that this year's increase in rail passenger fares.[A]has kept pace with inflation.[B]is a big surprise to commuters.[C]remains an unreasonable measure.[D]will ease train operators burden.22.The stockbroker in Paragraph2is used to stand for.[A]rail travelers.[B]car drivers.[C]local investors.[D]ordinary taxpayers.23.It is indicated in Paragraph3that train operators.[A]have suffered huge losses owing to the strikes.[B]have failed to provide an adequate service.[C]are offering compensation to commuters.[D]are trying to repair relations with the unions24.If unable to calm down passengers,the railways may have to face.[A]the loss of investment.[B]the collapse of operations.[C]a reduction of revenue.[D]a change of ownership.25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]Who Are to Blame for the Strikes?[B]Constant Complaining Doesn't Work[C]Can Nationalization Bring Hope?[D]Ever-rising Fares Aren't SustainableText2Last year marked the third year in a row that Indonesia’s bleak rate deforestation has slowed in pace.One reason for the turnaround may be the country’s antipoverty program.In2007,Indonesia started phasing in a program that gives money to its poorest residents under certain conditions,such as requiring people to keep kids in school or get regular medical care.Called conditional cash transfers or CCTs,these social assistance programs are designed to reduce inequality and break the cycle of poverty.They are already used in dozens of countries worldwide.In Indonesia,the programme has providedenough food and medicine to substantially reduce severe growth problems among children.But the CCT programs don’t generally consider effects on the environment.In fact,poverty alleviation and environmental protection are often viewed as conflicting goals,says Paul Ferraro,an economist at Johns Hopkins University.That’s because economic growth can be correlated with environmental degradation,while protecting the environment is sometimes correlated with greater poverty.However,those correlations don’t prove cause and effect.The only previous study analyzing causality,based on an area in Mexico that had instituted CCTs, supported the traditional view.There,as people got more money,some of them may have more cleared land for cattle to raise for meat,Ferraro says.Such programs do not have to negatively affect the environment,though.Ferraro wanted to see if Indonesia’s poverty-alleviation program was affecting deforestation.Indonesia has the third-largest area of tropical forest in the world and one of the highest deforestation rates.Ferraro analyzed satellite data showing annual forest loss from2008to2012—including during Indonesia’s phase-in of the antipoverty program—in7,468forested villages across15provinces.“We see that the program is associated with a30percent reduction in deforestation,”Farrow says.That’s likely because the rural poor are using the money as makeshift insurance policies against inclement weather,Ferraro says.Typically,if rains are delayed,people may clear land to plant more rice to supplement their harvest.With the CCTs,individuals instead can use the money to supplement their harvests.Whether this research translates elsewhere is anybody’s guess.Farrow suggests the results may transfer to other parts of Asia,due to commonalities such as the importance of growing rice and market access.And regardless of transferability,the study shows that what’s good for people may also be good for the environment. Even if this program didn’t reduce poverty.Ferraro says,“the value of the avoided deforestation just for carbon dioxide emissions alone is more than the program costs”26.According to the first paragraph,CCT programmes aim to____.[A]Facilitate health-care reform[B]help poor families get better off[C]Improve local education systems[D]lower deforestation rates27.The study based on an area in Mexico excited to show that____.[A]cattle raising has been a major livelihood for the poor[B]CCT programs have helped preserve traditional lifestyles[C]antipoverty efforts require the participation of local farmers[D]economic growth tends to cause environmental degradation28.In his study about Indonesia,Farrow intends to find out____.[A]its acceptance level of CCTs[B]its annual rate of poverty alleviation[C]the relation of CCTs to its forest loss[D]the role of its forests in climate change29.According to Ferraro,the CCT program in Indonesia is valuable in that____.[A]it will benefit other Asian countries[B]it will reduce regional inequality[C]it can protect the environment[D]it can benefit grain production30.What is the text centred on?[A]The effects of a program.[B]The debates over a program.[C]The process of a study.[D]The transfer-ability of a study.Text3As a historian who’s always searching for the test or the image that makes us re-evaluate the past.I’ve become preoccupied with looking for photographs that show our Victorian ancestors smiling(what better way to shatter the image of19th-century prudery?).I’ve found quite a few,and—since I started posting them on Twitter —they have been causing quite stir.People have been surprised to see evidence that Victorian had fun and could, and did,laugh.They are nothing that the Victorians suddenly seem to become more human as the hundred-or-so years that separate us fade away through our common experience of laughter.Of course,I need to concede that my collection of'Smiling Victorians’makes up only a tiny percentage of the vast catalogue of photographic portraiture created between1840and1900,the majority of which show sitters posing miserably and stiffly in front of painted backdrops,or staring absently into the middle distance.How do we explain this trend?During the1840s and1850s in the early days of photography,exposure times were notoriously long:the daguerreotype photographic method(producing an image on a silvered copper plate)could take several minutes to complete,resulting in blurred images as sitters shifted position or adjusted their limbs.The thought holding a fixed grin as the camera performed its magical duties was too much to contemplate,and so a non-committal blank stare became the norm.But exposure ties were much quicker by the1880s and the introduction of the Box Brownie and other portable cameras meant that,though slow by today’s digital standards,the exposure was almost instantaneous. Spontaneous smiles were relatively easy to capture by the1890s so we must look elsewhere for an explanation of why Victorians still hesitated to smile.One explanation might must be the loss of dignity displayed through a cheesy grin.“Nature gave us lips to conceal our teeth.”ran one popular Victorian saying,alluding to the fact that before the birth of proper dentistry mouths were often in a shocking state of hygiene.A flashing set of healthy and clean,regular“pearly whites”wasa rare sight in Victorian society the preserve of the super-rich(and even then,dental hygiene was not guaranteed).A toothy grin(especially when there were gaps or blackened teeth)lacked class:drunks,tramps and music hall performers might gurn and grin with a smile as wide as Lewis Carroll’s gum-exposing Cheshire Cat,but it was not a becoming look for properly bred persons.Even Mark Twain,a man who enjoyed a heartly laugh,said that when it came photographic portraits there could be“nothing more damning than a silly,foolish smile fixed forever”.31.According to paragraph1,the author’s posts on Twitter____.A.illustrated the development of Victorian photographyB.highlighted social media’s tole in Victorian studiesC.re-evaluated the Victorian’s notion of public imageD.changed people’s impression of the Victorians.32.What does the author say about the Victorian portraits he has collected?A.They are rare among photograph of that ageB.They show effect of different exposure timesC.They mirror19th-century social conventionsD.They are in popular use among historians33.What might have kept the Victorians from smiling pictures in the1890s?A.Their inherent social sensitivenessB.Their tension before the cameraC.Their unhealthy dental conditionD.Their distrust of new inventions34.Mark Twain is quoted to show that the disapproval of smiles in pictures was_____.A.a thought-provoking ideaB.a misguide attitudeC.a controversial viesD.a deep-rotted belief35.Which of the following questions does the text answer?A.Why did most Victorians look stern in photographs?B.When did the Victorians start to view photograph differently?C.What made photograph develop slowly in the Victorian period?D.How did smiling in photograph become a post-Victorian norm?Text4From the early days of broadband advocates for consumers and Web-based companies worried that the cable and phone companies selling broadband connections had the power and incentive to favor affiliated websites over their rivals.That's why there has been such a strong demand for rules that would prevent broadband providersfrom picking winners and losers online,preserving the freedom and innovation from what have been the lifeblood of the Internet.Yet that demand has been almost impossible to fill-in part because of push-back from broadband providers anti-regulatory conservatives and the courts.A federal appeals court unchanged in again.Tuesday,but instead of providing a badly needed resolution.It only prolonged the fight.At issue before the U.S.Court of Appeals for the dirtiness of Columbia Court was the latest take of the Federal Communications(FCC.)on net neutrality,adopted on a party-line vote in2017.The publican penned order not only eliminated the strict net neutrality rules the FCC had adopted.When it had a democratic majority in2015.But rejected the commission's authority.To require broadband providers to do much of anything.The order also declared that state and local governments couldn't regulate broadband providers either.The Commission argue that other agencies would protect against anti-competitive behavior,such as a broadband-providing conglomerable like ATRT favors its own vide0-stressing service at the expense of Notfish and Appie TO caps on their rivals streaming services but not their own.On Tuesday,the appeals court.Unanimously upheld the2017order deregulating broadband.provides citing a Supreme Court ruling from2005that upheld a similarly deregulating more.But Judge.Patricia Millett rightly argued in a concurring opinion that“the result is unhinged from the realities of modern broadband service”,and said Congress on the Supreme Court could intervene to avoid trapping Internet regulations in technological.In the meantime,the court threw out the FCC’s attempt to block all state rules.On not neutrality,while preserving the Commission's power to prompt individual going on between the Justice Department and California when enacted a tough net neutrally laws in the world of the FCC’s abdication.The endless legal battles and back-and-forth at the FCC cry out for Congress to act.It needs to give the commission explicit authority once and for all to bar broadband providers from meddling in the traffic on their network and to create clear rules protecting openness and innovation online.36.There has long been concern that broadband providers would.A.bring web-based firms under controlB.show partiality in treating clientsC.slow down the traffic on their networkD.intensify competition with their rivals37.Faced with the demand for net neutrality rules,the FCC.A.takes an anti-regulatory stanceB.sticks to an out-of-date orderC.has issued a special resolutionD.has allowed the states to intervene38.What can be learned about AT&T from Paragraph3?A.It engages in anti-competitive practicesB.It protects against unfair competitionC.It is under the FCC’s investigationD.It is in pursuit of quality service39.Judge Patricia Millett argues that the appeals court’s decision.A.focuses on trivialitiesB.conveys an ambiguous message.C.is out of touch with realityD.is at odds with its earlier rulings.40.What does the author argue in the last paragraph?A.Broadband providers'rights should be protectedB.The FCC should be put under strict supervisionC.Rules need to be set to diversify online servicesD.Congress needs to take action to ensure net neutrality.Part BDirections:In the following text,some sentences have been removed.For Questions41-45,choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the blanks.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(10points)In the movies and on television,artificial intelligence(AI)is typically depicted as something sinister that will upend our way of life.When it comes to AI in business,we often hear about it in relation to automation and the impending loss of jobs,but in what ways is AI changing companies and the larger economy that don’t involve doom-and-gloom mass unemployment predictions?A recent survey of manufacturing and service industries from Tata Consultancy Services found that companies currently use AI more often in computer-to-computer activities than in automating human activities. Here are a few ways AI is aiding companies without replacing employees:Better hiring practicesCompanies are using artificial intelligence to remove some of the unconscious bias from hiring decisions.“There are experiments that show that,naturally,the results of interviews are much more biased than what AI does,”says Pedro Domingos,author of The Master Algorithm:How the Quest for the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World and a computer science professor at the University of Washington.In addition,“(41)”One company that’s doing this is called Blendoor.It uses analytics to help identify where there may be bias in the hiring processMore effective marketingSome AI software can analyze and optimize marketing email subject lines to increase open rates.One company in the UK,Phrasee,claims their software can outperform humans by up to10percent when it comes to email open rates.This can mean millions more in revenue.(42)These are“tools that helppeople use data,not a replacement for people,”says Patrick H.Winston,a professor of artificial intelligence and computer science at MIT.Saving customers moneyEnergy companies can use AI to help customers reduce their electricity bills,saving them money while helping the panies can also optimize their own energy use and cut down on the cost of electricity.Insurance companies,meanwhile,can base their premiums on AI models that more accurately assess risk.Domingos says,“(43)”Improved accuracy“Machine learning often provides a more reliable form of statistics,which makes data more valuable,”says Winston.It"helps people make smarter decisions.”(44)Protecting and maintaining infrastructureA number of companies,particularly in energy and transportation,use AI image processing technology toinspect infrastructure and prevent equipment failure or leaks before they happen.“If they fail first and then you fix them,it’s very expensive,”says Domingos.“(45)”A.AI replaces the boring parts of your job.If you’re doing research,you can have AI go out and look for relevantsources and information that otherwise you just wouldn’t have time for.B.There are also companies like Acquisio,which analyzes advertising performance across multiple channels likeAdwords,Bing and social media and makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will yield best results.C.One accounting firm,EY,uses an AI system that helps review contracts during an audit.This process,along withemployees reviewing the contracts,is faster and more accurate.D.We’re also giving our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish something beyondhuman scale.E.You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where it’s useful for employees to go to.F.AI looks at résumés in greater numbers than humans would be able to,and selects the more promising candidates.G.Before,they might not insure the ones who felt like a high risk or charge them too much,or they would chargethem too little and then it would cost the company money.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)World WarⅡwas the watershed event for higher education in modern Western societies.(46)Those societies came out of the war with levels of enrollment that had been roughly constant at3-5%of the relevant age groups during the decades before the war.But after the war,great social and political changes arising out of the successfulwar against Fascism created a growing demand in European and American economies for increasing numbers of graduates with more than a secondary school education.(47)And the demand that rose in those societies for entry to higher education extended to groups and social classes that had not thought of attending a university before the war.These demands resulted in a very rapid expansion of the systems of higher education,beginning in the1960s and developing very rapidly(though unevenly)during the1970s and1980s.The growth of higher education manifests itself in at least three quite different ways,and these in turn have given rise to different sets of problems.There was first the rate of growth:(48)in many counties of Western Europe,the numbers of students in higher education doubled within five-year periods during the1960s and doubled again in seven,eight,or10years by the middle of the1970s.Second,growth obviously affected the absolute size both of systems and individual institutions.And third,growth was reflected in changes in the proportion of the relevant age group enrolled in institutions of higher education.Each of these manifestations of growth carried its own peculiar problems in its wake.For example,a high growth rate placed great strains on the existing structures of governance,of administration,and above all of socialization.When a faculty or department grows from,say,five to20members within three or four years,(49) and when the new staff predominantly young men and women fresh from postgraduate study,they largely define the norms of academic life in that faculty,And if the postgraduate student population also grows rapidly and there is loss of a close apprenticeship relationship between faculty members and students,the student culture becomes the chief socializing force for new postgraduate students,with consequences for the intellectual and academic life of the institution-this was seen in America as well as in France,Italy,West Germany,and Japan.(50)High growth rates increased the chances for academic innovation;they also weakened the forms and processes by which teachers and students are admitted into a community of scholars during periods of stability or slow growth.In the 1960s and1970s,European universities saw marked changes in their governance arrangements,with the empowerment of junior faculty and to some degree of students as well.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions：A foreign friend of yours has recently graduated from college and intends to find a job in China.Write him/her an email to make some suggestions.You should write about100words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the e“Li Ming”instead.(10points)Part B52.Directions：Write an essay of160-200words based on the picture below.In your essay,you shoulddescribe the picture briefly,explain its intended meaning andgive your comments.You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.（20points）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points).1.根据句意“It”指的是前文的“fluid intelligence”,“fluid intelligence”在人年轻的时候.....,后文第2空之后又说随着我们年龄增长开始慢慢下降，因此第1空应该是一个表示上升的词，比较选项，[A]pauses终止，[B]return归还；返回，[D]fades凋零；衰退，都不符合文意，只有[C]peaks达到巅峰，符合文意，故正确答案为C。

2021年MBA联考综合真题及答案2021年全国攻读工商管理硕士学位研究生入学考试综合试卷考生需知1. 选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其他笔填涂的或做在试卷或其他类型答题卡上的答案无效。

2. 其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。

3. 交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。

否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。

2021年管理类专业学位全国联考综合能力真题一．问题求解：第1-15小题，每小题3分，共45分，下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的，请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑1. 电影开演时观众中女士与男士人数之比为5：4，开演后无观众入场，放映一个小时后，女士的20%，男士的15%离场，则此时在场的女士与男士人数之比为（A）4：5（B）1：1 （C）5：4 （D） 20：17 （E）85：642.某商品的成本为240元，若按该商品标价的8折出售，利润率是15%，则该商品的标价为（A）276元（B）331元（C）345元（D）360元（E）400元 3.三名小孩中有一名学龄前儿童（年龄不足6岁），他们的年龄都是质数（素数），且依次相差6岁，他们的年龄之和为（A）21 （B）27 （C）33 （D）39 （E）51 4.在右边的表格中每行为等差数列，每列为等比数列，x+y+z= （A）2 （B）（D）52 （C） 32 x 7 （E）4 2a yb c z5.如图1.在直角三角形ABC区域内部有座山，现计划从BC边上某点D开凿一条隧道到点A，要求隧道长度最短，一直AB长为5km，AC长为12km,则所开凿的的隧道AD的长度约为（A）4.12km （B）4.22km （C）4.42km （D）4.62km （E）4.92km AB D 图一C 6.某商店举行店庆活动，顾客消费达到一定数量后，可以在4中赠品中随即选取2个不同的赠品，任意两位顾客所选赠品中，恰有1件品种相同的概率是（A）5 25 43 3 23 411112 （B）（C）（D）（E） 63423327.多项式x?ax?bx?6 的两个因式是x-1和x-2，则第三个一次因式为（A） x-6 （B） x-3 （C） x+1 （D）x+2 （E）x+38.某公司的员工中，拥有本科毕业证，计算机登记证，汽车驾驶证得的人数分别为130.110，90，又知只有一种证的人数为140，三证齐全的人数为30，则恰有双证的人数为（A）45 （B）50 （C）52 （D）65 （E）1009.甲商品销售某种商品，该商品的进价每件90元，若每件定位100元，则一天内能售出500件，在此基础上，定价每增1元，一天能使少售出10件，甲商店获得最大利润，则该商品的定价应为（A） 115元（B）120元（C）125元（D）130元（E）135元10.已知直线ax-by+3=0（a>0,b>0）过圆x2?4x?y2?2y?1?0 的圆心，则a-b 的最大值为（A）991139 （B）（C）（D）（E）816164411.某大学排除5名志愿者到西部4所中学指支教，若每所中学至少有一名志愿者，则不同的分贝方案共有（A）240种（B）144种（C）120种（D）60种（E）24种12.某装置的启动密码是由0到9中的3各不同数字组成，连续3次输入错误密码，就会导致该装置永久关闭，一个仅记得密码是由3个不同数字组成的人能够启动此装置的概率为（A）13111 （B）（C）（D）（E）240100012021872021.某居民小区决定投资15万元修建停车位，据测算，修建一个室内的费用为5000元，修建一个室外车位的费用为1000元，考虑到实际因素，计划室外车位的数量不少于室内车位的2倍，也不多于室内车位的3倍，这笔投资最多可见车位的数量为（A）78（B）74 （C）72 （D） 70 （E）6614，如图2，长方形ABCD的两天边分别为8m和6m，四边形OEFG的面积是4m2 ，则阴影部分的面积为（A）32 m2 (B)28 m2 (C) 24 m2 (D)20m2 (E)16m2 A DOE GB F C15.再一次竞猜活动中，设有5关，如果连续通过2关就算闯关成功，小王通过每关的概率1，他闯关成功得该率为 2131914（A） (B) (C) （D）(E)883248都是二、条件充分性判断：第16-25小题，每小题3分，共30分。

2021年研究生入学统一考试试题〔英语二〕Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not k now which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the s ound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter ,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a pr ofound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity."Hsee says.In other words,don' t read online comments.1. A. resolve B. protect C. discuss D. ignore2.A. refuse B. wait C. seek D. regret3.A. rise B. last C. mislead D. hurt4.A. alert B. tie C. expose D .treat5.A. message B. trial C. review D. concept6.A. remove B. weaken C. deliver D. interrupt7. A. Unless B. If C. Though D. When8. A. happen B. continue C. disappear D. change9. A. rather than B. such as C. regardless of D. owing to10. A. disagree B. forgive C. forget D. discover11. A. pay B. marriage C. food D. schooling12.A. begin with B. rest on C. learn from D. lead to13.A. withdrawal B. inquiry C. persistence D. diligence14.A. self-destructive B. self-reliant C. self-evident D. self-deceptive15.A. resist B. define C. replace D. trace16.A. predict B. overlook C. design D. conceal17. A. remember B. choose C. promise D. pretend18. A. relief B. plan C. outcome D. duty19.A. whether B. why C. where D. how20. A .limitations B. investments C. strategies D. consequencesSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. 〔40 points〕Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype, that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,〞 he says.On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new principle. We want more for our kids, and rigitfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all -and the subtle devaluing of anything less-misses an important point: That’s not the onl y thing the American economy needs. Yes, a bachelor’s degree opens more doors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them. Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap. Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.21. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’ lack of______.A. mechanical memorizationB. academic trainingC. practical abilityD. pioneering spirit22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who______.A. are financially disadvantagedB. are not academically successfulC. have a stereotyped mindD. have no career motivation23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates______.A. are entitled to more “educational privilegesB. are reluctant to work in manufacturingC .used to have more job opportunitiesD. used to have big financial concerns24. The headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all_____.A. helps create a lot of middle-skill jobsB. may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC. is expected to yield a better-trained workforceD. indicates the overvaluing of higher education25. The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as_____.A. supportiveB. disappointedC. tolerantD. cautiousText2While fossil fuels- coal, oil, gas- still generate roughly 85 percent of the world's energy supply, it's clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world: They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted Business to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the stories about the plummeting prices of renewables, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source. In Scotland, for example, wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes. While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and Europe, the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March, for the first time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US ,reported the US Energy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels - especially coal - as the path to economic growth. In a recent speech in Iowa, he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source, But that message did not play well with many in Iowa, where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the state's electricity generation - and where tech giants like Microsoft are beingattracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.The question “what happens when the wind doesn't blow or the sun doesn'tshine?" has provid ed a quick put-down for skeptics. But a boost in the storage-capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, who are placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles. Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now, this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While there's a long way to go, the trend lines for renewables are spiking. The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up perhaps: just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change. What Washington does-or doesn't do- to promote alternative energy may mean less and less a time of a global shift in thought.26. The word "plummeting"(Line 3,Para.2) is closest in meaning to ______A. stabilizingB. changingC. fallingD. rising27. According to Paragraph 3, the use of renewable energy in America ______A. is progressing notablyB. is as extensive as in EuropeC. faces many challengesD. has proved to be impractical28. It can be learned that in Iowa,______.A. wind is a widely used energy sourceB. wind energy has replaced fossil fuelsC. tech giants are investing in clean energyD. there is a shortage of clean energy supply29. Which of the following is true about clean energy according to Paragraphs 5&6?A. Its application has boosted battery storage.B. It is commonly used in car manufacturing.C. Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.D. Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.30. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy _____.A. will bring the US closer to other countriesB. will accelerate global environmental changeC. is not really encouraged by the US governmentD. is not competitive enough with regard to its costText 3The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing —Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn, but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service, which doesn’t have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users’ friendships and social lives.Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities, but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through. Even without knowing what was in the messages, the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be. What political journalist, what party whip, would not want to know the mak eup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currently plotting? It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops of owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them. The users of their services are not their customers. That would be the people who buy advertising from them — and Facebook and Google, the two virtual giants, dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.The product they’re selling is data, and we, the users, convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce whe31.According to Paragraph1，Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its 。

MBA联考英语模拟试题及答案解析（10）(1~20/共20题) ClozeDirections: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.The country"s inadequate mental health system gets the most attention after instances of mass violence that the nation has seen repeatedly over the past few months. Not all who 1 these sorts of cruelties are mentally ill, but 2 have been. After each, the national discussion quickly, but temporarily, turns toward the mental health services that may have 3 to prevent another attack. Mental illness usually is not as dangerous or dramatic. 4 23 million Americans live with mental disorder, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Very few of these men and women are 5 mass-murderers; they need help for their own well-being and for that of their 6 . The Affordable Care Act has significantly increased insurance coverage 7 mental health care. But that may not be enough to expand 8 to insufficient mental-health-care resources.Rep. Tim Murphy has a bill that would do so. The Helping Families in Mental Health Crisis Act is more 8 than other recent efforts to reform the system and perhaps has the brightest prospects in a divided Congress. The 9 would reorganize the billions the federal government pours into mental health services. It would 10 the way Medicaid pays for certain mental health treatments. It would fund mental health clinics that 11 certain medical standards. And it would 12 states to adopt policies that allow judges to order some severely mentally ill people to undergo treatment.Not everyone is satisfied. Some patients" advocates have 13 Mr. Murphy"s approach as coercive and 14 to those who need help. The government should not be expanding the system"s capability to hospitalize or impose treatment on those 15 severe episodes, they say. It should instead be investing in community care that 16 the need for more serious treatment. 17 , for a small class who will not accept treatment between hospital visits or repeat arrests, they say, states have good reason to 18 them to accept care, under judicial supervision. Mr. Murphy"s reform package may not prevent the next Sandy Hook. 19 the changes would help relieve a lot of suffering that does not make the front page.第1题A.grantmitC.affordD.award第2题A.manyB.fewC.moreD.much第3题A.requestedB.demandedC.failedD.attempted第4题A.NeatlyB.ConsiderablyC.NearlyD.Hardly第5题A.inevitableB.necessaryC.certainD.potential第6题A.careersB.hospitalsC.schoolsD.families第7题A.forB.againstC.withD.without第8题A.warningB.accessC.demandD.way第9题A.preferableB.ineffectiveC.singleprehensive 第10题A.billB.methodC.linkw第11题A.confirmB.changeC.refuseD.hold第12题A.haveB.makeC.meetD.accord第13题A.admitB.pushC.retardmand第14题A.praisedB.appreciatedC.scoldedD.condemned第15题A.harmfulB.beneficialC.uncertainD.considerate第16题A.looking intoB.taking onC.dealing withD.going through第17题A.heads offB.interferes withC.takes offD.copes with第18题A.ThusB.BecauseC.HoweverD.And第19题A.inviteB.allowC.requireD.refute第20题A.AndB.ButC.ThereforeD.Besides下一题(21~25/共25题) Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.Professor Kumar Bhatt, founder and head of Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG), and Rob Meakin, a personnel director at Marconi, have developed a partnership to train engineers and managers to become e-literate. The New Knowledge Partnership will include a team of 40 Marconi managers in what Professor Bhatt calls electronic engineering management or E2. A wide range of engineering and non-engineering companies has expressed interest in these exciting programs.Professor Bhatt believes that e-commerce is changing the business environment to a huge extent. Many chief executives do not understand the power of the new technologies and, in some cases, are actually resisting change. He says, "as long as enough industry leaders realize its potential benefits, e-business will make possible a second productivity revolution in Britain. This could take the economy close to eliminating the still substantial competitiveness gap with its main rivals. Over the last five years in the US there has been a 30% improvement in manufacturing sector productivity because of information technology. In Britain we can achieve more than that and successful e-business will be worth billions to the UK economy." Already Britain makes more use of computer-aided design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) and management information technology systems than other European countries, and has a government that actively promotes e-business.But, observes Professor Bhatt, Britain has never used technology as a growth driver. "The thing about electronic engineering management is that you can keep your legacy systems; you just need to link those systems with an information engine. At the touch of a button it will allow project managers to see the status of a project, identify problems precisely and make virtually immediate decisions based on information that will be much more complete than in the past." The E2 program is the result of an alliance by the Warwick Manufacturing Group with America"s leading e-commerce study center, Carnegie Mellon. The latter will be responsible for training many of the Marconi managers in America, where the group has half its business. In Britain, Professor Bhatt has linked up with Sun Microsystems, Oracle and Parametric Technology, to set up a multi-million pound E2 design and manufacturing center at the university which will be used for training and research.Professor Bhatt believes that e-commerce is changing business to such an extent that WMG is likely to be renamed Warwick Electronic Manufacturing Group. But, he warns "The move to globalize because of e-commerce is racing ahead. Although the net allows British industry to overtake their European peers, it also offers Asian countries to leapfrog (跃过) the West. For the first time it is not the privilege of the western world because this technology is universal."第21题Professor Bhatt and Rob Meakin have developed a method to ______.A.teach electronic engineering managementB.train employees to be acquainted with e-commerceC.train employees to be engineers and managersD.teach employees about developing a partnership第22题How does Professor Bhatt feel about many leaders in companies?A.They do not understand a possible second productivity revolution in Britain.B.They are excited about change.C.They are ready for e-business.D.They sometimes are against the change resulted from new technologies.第23题According to the passage, what do you know about e-business in Britain?A.E-business has eliminated many competitive rivals.B.E-business has done many benefits to big companies.C.Many companies have joined in the E2 business program.D.E-business has great potential and will make changes in the country.第24题According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A.Britain can be competitive to US in the area of information technology.B.Britain has already taken the advantages of running engineering management.C.As with many other European countries, Britain has made use of computer-aided systems.D.E-commerce has offered opportunities to European countries to eliminate the competitiveness gap with all the rivals.第25题WMG would like to change its name because ______.A.Britain is going to catch up with all other European countries in the field of electronic engineering managementB.business has been influenced so much by e-commerceC.the e-commerce has offered Asian countries the chance to overtake Britain and the rest of EuropeD.e-business is very popular and will become universal上一题下一题(26~30/共25题) Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.Latino youths need better education for Arizona to take full advantage of the possibilities their exploding population offers. Arizona"s fast-growing Latino population offers the state tremendous promise and a challenge. Even more than the aging of the baby boomers, the Latino boom is fundamentally reorienting the state"s economic and social structure.Immigration and natural increase have added 600,000 young Latino residents to the state"s population in the past decade. Half of the population younger than 18 in both Phoenix and Tucson is now Latino. Within 20 years, Latinos will make up half of the homegrown entry-level labor pool in the state"s two largest labor markets.What is more, Hispanics are becoming key economic players. Most people don"t notice it, but Latinos born in Arizona make up much of their immigrant parents" economic and educational, deficits. For example, second-generation Mexican-Americans secure an average of 12 grades of schooling where their parents obtained less than nine. That means they erase 70 percent of their parents" lag behind third-generation non-Hispanic Whites in a single generation.All of this hands the state a golden opportunity. At a time when many states will struggle with labor shortages because of modest population growth, Arizona has a priceless chance to build a populous, hardworking and skilled workforce on which to base future prosperity. The problem is that Arizona and its Latino residents may not be able to seize this opportunity. Far too many ofArizona"s Latinos drop out of high school or fail to obtain the basic education needed for more advanced study. As a result, educational deficits are holding back many Latinos—and the state as well. To be sure, construction and low-end service jobs continue to absorb tens of thousands of Latino immigrants with little formal education. But over the long term, most of Arizona"s Latino citizens remain ill-prepared to prosper in an increasingly demanding knowledge economy.For the reason, the educational uplift of Arizona"s huge Latino population must move to the center of the state"s agenda. After all, the education deficits of Arizona"s Latino population will severely cramp the fortunes of hardworking people if they go unaddressed and could well undercut the state"s ability to compete in the new economy. At the entry level, slower growth rates may create more competition for low-skill jobs, displacing Latinos from a significant means of support. At the higher end, shortages of Latinos educationally ready to move up will make it much harder for knowledge-based companies staff to get high-skill positions.第26题The Latino population is changing Arizona"s ______.A.aging problemcational systemC.economic structureD.financial deficits第27题What can be inferred from the third paragraph?A.The Latino population in Arizona is made up of Hispanics and Mexican-Americans.B.The first-generation Latinos are immigrants instead of being born in America.C.70 percent of the first-generation Latinos had less schooling than nine years.D.The educational system used to be in favor of the non-Hispanic Whites.第28题"Educational deficits" (Lines 6—7, Para. 4) most probably means that ______.A.the state did not put much money into educationB.many Latinos are too poor to obtain educationcation is not a profitable enterpriseD.many Latinos are not well-educated第29题According to the author, Arizona should give highest priority to ______.A.controlling the Latino populationB.enhancing the educational level of the Latino populationC.improving the knowledge-based economyD.building the Latino population into hardworking and skilled workforce第30题It is implied that, in the long run, most Latinos in Arizona will ______.A.be joblessB.be badly-paidC.do low-skill jobsD.do high-skill jobs上一题下一题(31~35/共25题) Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Eachpassage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.As obvious as it may sound, the truth is there are a lot of businesses out there. The odds of not having any competition are next to impossible, and something any worthwhile business, whether big or small, has to eventually come to accept. Every one of those businesses are trying to do the exact same thing: get people to buy their products. When flooded with so many potential prospects it isn"t always easy for the customers to know which business is the best and which one has the best product. What you need to do is to help them along.Differentiating your business and your products from the competitors is by far one of the most important details when dealing With any kind of industry. Everything a company does, from the creative ads they run to the inventive promotions they produce to the full color business cards they hand out is geared towards separating themselves from the rest of the flock. If you"re going to compete with them you"re going to have to do the same, and do it more effectively. Sometimes the most effective approaches can be some of the most simple. Printing well-colored brochures gives businesses the chance to show their customers the subtle or not so subtle differences between them and the competitors, whether it is better designs, better features, or better prices. Handing them a list of all the products or services you offer allows them the ability to see exactly what they"re getting when they do business with you, and the more customers know about a business the better the odds are they"ll feel comfortable with them.But, even going beyond the products, boosting up your company can also be an effective tool to place you above the competitors. When you hand a person a business card, fully colored with a unique design you"re handing him a means to remember you. A business card can say a lot about a person and the business be run. Simple, drab colors can be off putting to the person looking for a friendlier business. The right color scheme alone can differentiate you from the competitors, and once you"ve managed to separate yourself out, you"ll be in a prime position to be whom the person favors when they need that specific product.With competition as steep as it is today, every business has its hands full trying to stay above the rest. When every little thing counts, the business the customers will take to heart will be the one who can show them just why they"re the best qualified. Printing out the right kind of colorful brochure or business card can be a valuable method of stepping away from the crowded business field.第31题According to the writer, what does every business, regardless of its size, make effort to achieve nowadays?A.Get people to buy their products.B.Design and produce new products.C.Make their prices more competitive.D.Better the quality of their present products.第32题Why do some companies design their business cards in full color?A.To keep up with the trend.B.To make the cards look fancy.C.To distinguish themselves from others.D.To vividly demonstrate the corporate culture.第33题What would help customers know better about your business when doing business with them?A.Inviting them to kinds of exhibitions related.B.Showing them the price of your products.C.Asking them to find out the subtle differences between you and the competitors.D.Giving them a catalogue of all the products or services your business provides.第34题According to the last paragraph, what kind of business will make the customers think seriously? It"s the business that can ______.A.provide comprehensive after-sales serviceB.always offer the lowest price in the marketC.show customers why they are the best qualifiedD.convince customers that they are the largest in this field第35题The writer suggests that companies ______ for the sake of effective product differentiation.A.step away from the crowded business fieldB.make as many advertisements in newspapers as possibleC.manage to enter competitive markets whenever possibleD.print out the right kind of colorful brochure or business card上一题下一题(36~40/共25题) Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.Virtually all consumers will have a credit card in their lives. Selecting a credit card should not be something taken lightly, card companies are constantly looking for new consumers, but only after wisely comparing offers should you select a provider. Pick a company that will give you a reasonable rate and one that incentivizes their program with some type of reward for using their card.Almost without fail, rewards cards typically give consumers money back on their purchases or allow you to accumulate points toward prizes on future purchases. If you charge $10,000 per year and your rewards card pays you a 2% reward on purchases, you will receive $200 from the company. Usually you will gain the funds in the form of several credits to your account spread out over the course of year, but in some cases you will receive the rewards in the form of a check. Rewards cards are free money? Only if you do not have to pay an annual fee and you pay your credit card off every month. If you do not pay your card off every month, your reward could easily be overshadowed by monthly interest payments, especially if your interest rate is high. Not too many companies pay rewards and give you a low rate at the same time. In theory, even if you carry balances for as little as 2-3 months before paying your card off you could find your rewards for the entire year outweighed by finance charges.So you need to consider the following when selecting your card. First, is there an annual cap on purchases? Many rewards cards will limit to you the amount of cash back funds or rewards points you can accumulate in one year. Most people never come close to the figure, but if you are abusiness traveler you can quickly approach and pass these limitations within the year. Second, do points eventually drop off? The majority of rewards cards only allow you to accumulate points for three years before they begin to drop off. If your next car purchase is five years away and you have a program that drops off points, you could find the first two years of card usage to be a waste as those points would vanish. If you still want that particular rewards card, only use it in years 3, 4, and 5 so that when it comes time to purchase your new car you will not have lost any points. You could consider getting and using another rewards card for a different rewards system to cover years 1 and 2.All in all, rewards card can be a useful option for the savvy consumer. Remember, points do fall off and carrying balances from month to month will wipe out the value of the card in short order. By showing plenty of discipline you can make rewards cards work well for you.第36题Consumers had better choose a provider of a credit card with ______.A.the promise of giving their money back on their purchasesB.the rewards in the form of a checkC.a reasonable rate and reward for using their cardD.the chance of giving their money back in a short time第37题If you do not pay your card off every month, ______.A.your rewards cards are free moneyB.you have to pay an annual feeC.your reward is outweighed by interestD.no companies pay rewards第38题If you often travel on business, ______.A.you"d better consider taking a cap with youB.many rewards cards will not limit to youC.you will never come close to the limitationD.you"d better choose a higher limitation card第39题To avoid losing any points, ______.A.you have to purchase a car five years laterB.you"d better purchase in the accumulating limitationC.you will never come close to the limitationD.you have to waste the two years points第40题What does the author imply by saying "rewards cards can be a useful option for the savvy consumer"?A.Rewards cards are helpful when people know them totally well.B.Rewards cards are useful only when people purchase with them.C.The value of the card will vanish from month to month in short time.D.Rewards cards will serve people with comfort and convenience.上一题下一题(41~45/共25题) Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Eachpassage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.A hospital is an institution that provides medical services for a community. The doctors, nurses, and other personnel of a hospital work to restore health to sick and injured people. They also try to prevent disease and maintain health in the community. Some hospitals serve as centers for medical education and research.Most hospitals are short-term hospitals in which the majority of patients stay less than 30 days. Patients spend an average of 4 to 8 days in a short-term hospital. In long-term hospitals, most patients stay more than 30 days. People having their tonsils removed would go to a short-term hospital. Those with severe mental illnesses may stay in a long-term institution because of the time needed to treat their condition.A general hospital provides services for most people and illnesses. A special hospital cares for certain people or certain illnesses. For example, pediatric hospitals treat only children. Rehabilitation hospitals provide services to help people adjust to mental and physical disabilities.A hospital may perform other services besides treating the sick. Research hospitals conduct medical research. Teaching hospitals educate future physicians, nurses, and laboratory specialists.A teaching hospital may form part of a university medical center, or it may be a general hospital associated with a medical school.In the professional services department, physicians play an important role and lead a large medical team working for the hospital. The medical team also includes physicians in training. These interns come from medical schools and work in a hospital for practical experience. The nursing staff forms the largest group in the patient care team. Professional nurses, generally called registered nurses, have graduated from a nursing school. They carry out much of the patients" care under the guidance of physicians. They also direct other members of the nursing staff, including practical nurses, nurse"s aides, and nurse attendants. These men and women do many tasks to train the registered nurses for work requiring the special skills.There are many other important departments in a hospital besides the professional services department. The hospital pharmacy provides medicines that physicians order for patients. The central service department maintains medical supplies. The food service department prepares meals for patients and staff members. The hospital laboratories conduct tests that help doctors diagnose and treat illnesses. The radiology department makes X rays to help physicians diagnose diseases and injuries. The medical records department keeps a record on every patient. If former patients return to the hospital, their medical record helps the physician diagnose and treat their illness. The admitting office schedules patients for admission at the request of their physician and assigns them to a room. And the business office lists each patient"s charges, prepares a bill, and records payments received.A. his graduation from a medical school1 The function of a hospital is to ______. B. provide medical education and conduct research in medicine2 The doctors,nurses,and other personnel of a hospital treat and cure disease and ______. C. provide medical services for a community3 An intern is a doctor serving as an assistant physician in a hospital,generally just after ______.D. restore health from a chronic disease4 The departments of hospital laboratories,radiology department and medical records department help physicians ______. E. diagnose diseases and injuries5 Registered nurses are another name for ______. F. have the appendix removedG. professional nurses第41题第42题第43题第44题第45题上一题下一题(1/1) Translation Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate it into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.第46题Expectations surrounding education have spun out of control. On top of a seven-hour school day, our kids march through hours of nightly homework, daily sports practices and band rehearsals, and weekend-consuming assignments and tournaments. Each activity is seen as a step on the ladder to a top college, an enviable job and a successful life. Children living in poverty who aspire to college face the same daunting admissions arms race, as well as the burden of competing for scholarships, with less support than their privileged peers. Even those not bound for college are ground down by the constant measurement in schools under pressure to push through mountains of rote, impersonal material as early as preschool. Yet instead of empowering them to thrive, this drive for success is eroding children"s health and undermining their potential. Modem education is actually making them sick. Working together, parents, educators and students can make small but important changes.上一题下一题(1/2)Writing第47题Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) describe the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.图片某市居民上网方式调查上一题下一题(2/2)Writing第48题Directions:You will graduate from university and intend to be a volunteer to go to Guizhou Province, southwest China. After reading the notice of recruitment, write a letter to president of your university to1) express your wish to go to Guizhou province,2) state your reasons, and3) present your plans.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address.上一题交卷交卷答题卡答案及解析(1~20/共20题) ClozeDirections: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.The country"s inadequate mental health system gets the most attention after instances of mass violence that the nation has seen repeatedly over the past few months. Not all who 1 these sorts of cruelties are mentally ill, but 2 have been. After each, the national discussion quickly, but temporarily, turns toward the mental health services that may have 3 to prevent another attack. Mental illness usually is not as dangerous or dramatic. 4 23 million Americans live with mental disorder, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Very few of these men and women are 5 mass-murderers; they need help for their own well-being and for that of their 6 . The Affordable Care Act has significantly increased insurance coverage 7 mental health care. But that may not be enough to expand 8 to insufficient mental-health-care resources.Rep. Tim Murphy has a bill that would do so. The Helping Families in Mental Health Crisis Act is more 8 than other recent efforts to reform the system and perhaps has the brightest prospects in a divided Congress. The 9 would reorganize the billions the federal government pours into mental health services. It would 10 the way Medicaid pays for certain mental health treatments. It would fund mental health clinics that 11 certain medical standards. And it would 12 states to adopt policies that allow judges to order some severely mentally ill people to undergo treatment.Not everyone is satisfied. Some patients" advocates have 13 Mr. Murphy"s approach as coercive and 14 to those who need help. The government should not be expanding the system"s capability to hospitalize or impose treatment on those 15 severe episodes, they say. It should instead be investing in community care that 16 the need for more serious treatment. 17 , for a small class who will not accept treatment between hospital visits or repeat arrests, they say, states have good reason to 18 them to accept care, under judicial supervision. Mr. Murphy"s reform package may not prevent the next Sandy Hook. 19 the changes would help relieve a lot of suffering that does not make the front page.第1题A.grantmitC.affordD.award参考答案： B 您的答案：未作答答案解析：[考点] 动词辨析[解析] 此处的句意为“不是所有______这些残酷罪行的人都有心理疾病……”。