【知识学习】Book 5 Unit 1 Great Scientists预习学案
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范文材料 Book 5 Unit 1 Great Scientists预习学案
Book5
Unit1
GreatScientists预习学案
一．目标聚焦
、了解著名医生约翰•斯诺、钱学森、哥白尼等科学家。
2、学会使用表示描述人物的句型
3.学习过去分词作定语和表语的结构
二．走进课文
.Readthepassageandnumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened.
---johnSnowbegantotesttwotheories.
---AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854.
---johnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap.
---Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease.
---johnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere.
---kingcholerawasdefeated.
---Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump. 工作材料
范文材料 ---Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump.
2.Readthepassageandanswerthesequestions.
johnSnowbelievedIdea2wasright.Howdidhefinallyproveit?
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DoyouthinkjohnSnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwithoutmap?giveareason.
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cholerawasa19thcenturydisease.whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday?why?
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三．句式点击
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范文材料
withthisextraevidencejohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertaintythatpollutedwatercarriedthevirus.
withthisextraevidence
有了这个额外的证据；withcertainty肯定地，有把握地
在句中作状语，相当于副词.
that引导宾语从句
polluted过去分词作定语
2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.
terrified过去分词作定语
everytime短语充当连词作用，还有themoment/minute/second;thefirst/second…lasttime;immediately/instantly/directly
eg:ThefirsttimeIwentabroadIcouldhardlyunderstandwhattheforeignerssaid.
ThemomentIsawhim,Iknewwhathadhappened.
3.Itseemedthatthewaterwastoblame.
be﹢动词不定式，可以表示该做或不该做的事 工作材料
范文材料 betoblame应该负责；应受责备
eg:Nooneistoleavethisbuildingwithoutthepermissionofthepolice.
youarenottodroplitterinthispark.公园里不许乱丢垃圾。
whoistoblameforthefire?
whoistoberesponsibleforthis?
4.onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.
only﹢加状语放于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
eg:onlyaweeklaterdidIreceiveananswerfromher.
onlywhenyouarefortyandlookingbackwillyourealizethatyouhaven’tdoneyourbest.
拓展：onlyif可译为“只有”
eg:onlyifyoustudyhard,willyoupassthetest.
makeacallonlyifitisimportant.
5.Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheair.
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范文材料 Topreventthisfromhappeningagain,johnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.
suggest当暗示，表明时，从句用陈述语气。
当建议讲时，从句用虚拟语气﹢do
eg:Isuggestedthathegiveupsmoking.
四．语法分析：过去分词作定语和表语
课文原句：
.
HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.
2.
Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.
过去分词作定语：
意义：过去分词含有被动和完成的意思，不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成
abrokenheart
aploughedfield
arisensun已升起的太阳
位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词前；工作材料
范文材料 过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在后面。
pollutedwater
deathcausedbytheaccident
abrokenglass
aglassbrokenbytheboy
特别提示：
有些词像left剩下的,given（所给的）,concerned（有关的）等，习惯上作后置定语，如
standingroomleft
thepeopleconcerned
有关人士
thebookgiven
所给的书籍
当所修饰的词是由some/any/nothing/nobody…所构成的不定代词或指示代词those等时，通常放在其后。如：
TherehasbeennothingchangedsinceIleftHarbintwoyearsago.
区别：过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语
.
语态不同：现在分词表示主动，过去分词表被动.如
surprisingnews 工作材料
范文材料 surprisedlisteners
anexcitingmovie
excitedchildren
Theteachertoldhisstudentsalotofinterestingstories.
Sheisinterestedinchinese.
2.
时间关系上不同：现在分词表动作正在进行；过去分词表动作已经完成。如
thechangingworld正在发生变化的世界
thechangedworld
已经改变了的世界
boilingwater
boiledwater
developingcountries
developedcountries
过去分词作表语：
意义：用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。
如shelookeddisappointed.
wewereencouragedatthenews.
用于被动语态，表示主语所承受的动作。如 工作材料
范文材料 thebookiswellwritten.
thelakeisbadlypolluted.
五．单词、短语突破
.characteristicn.﹠adj.
n.特征；特性
whatcharacteristicsdistinguishtheAmericansandcanadians?
特有的，典型的
withthecharacteristicgenerosity,heofferedtobuyticketsforallofus.
2.conclude
vt.﹠vi结束；推论出；议定，决定
常用于以下结构：
concludewithsth.用……结束某事
concludesth.fromsth.从……推断出
concludetodosth.决定做某事
concludethat-clause决定
拓展：conclusion
drawaconclusion得出结论
makeaconclusion得出结论
