0/11 高考英语定语从句语法专项复习
(名师剖析语法+WORD版本试题，建议下载练习)
教学内容 定语从句
教学目标 1. 定语从句的用法
2. 定语从句连接词的选择
定语从句
一、定义
在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
常见的关系代词有which, that, who, whom, whose, as
1. 通过以下句子成分的分析确定关系代词的选填
做主语
① The boy (who/that) wear the red cloth is very handsome.
② l found my bag (which /that)was lost yesterday.
做宾语
①This is a new bag (that/which/不填)I bought yesterday. “三步法”①分析主语，从句，确定先行词
②分析从句中，关系代词所作的成分
③做主语是用 who 或that
“三步法”①分析主语，从句,确定先行词
②分析从句中，关系代词所作的成分
③做宾语是用which或that或不填
1/11
② She is the girl (who /that /不填) I met yesterday.
③ I have many friends to (whom) I am going to send postard.
做定语
① I like the sea (whose) window looks out over the sea.
② My deskmate is a boy (whose ) skin is so good.
做表语
① You are not a girl (who/ that/不填 )was two years ago.
2012届高考英语二轮专题复习精品语法部分之定语从句
定语从句是由先行词+关系代词/关系副词引导的从句构成。
所谓的先行词，其实就是汉语中被修饰的中心词。我们称它为先行词，是因为它的位置跟汉语中的位置是不一样的。一般来说汉语句子中喜欢把把作修饰的定语成分放在被修饰的中心词之前。而英语中，如果是单个形容词修饰，可以放在中心词之前；如果是短语或句子（从句），则要放在他们所修饰的中心词之后，也就是说要后置。也就是这样的结构，中心词+句子（作定语成分起修饰作用）。入乡随俗，人家英国人对此有自己的称呼，“中心词”----先行词，因为放在修饰成分之前。（先锋官）；“句子（作定语成分起修饰作用）”，被称为定语从句。
先行词可以是单个名词，名词短语，或者是句子。
关系代词： that (表人, 表物，在从句中作主语或宾语)；
who (表人, 在从句中作主语)；whom (表人, 在从句中作宾语)
which (表物，在从句中作主语或宾语)
whose (从句中作定语)
关系副词： when (表时间); where(表地点)
定语从句是复合句的一种。复合句就是由两个或以上的句子组成，当然其中有组合规则，即所谓的语法规则。
I have a goose. The goose lays eight gold eggs every day.
我有一只鹅。 这只鹅每天下8个金蛋。
我有一只每天下8个金蛋的鹅。
I have a goose the goose lays eight eggs every day. ( F )
I have a goose that/which lays eight eggs every day. ( T )
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
第 1 页 共 9 页 2012届高考一轮复习语法专项四：定语从句
（一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导
1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as
2、关系副词：when, where, why
关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用，同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.（关系代词who在从句中作主语）
The comrade with whom I came knows French.（whom在从句中作介词with的宾语）
3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1）当先行词为人时用who 作主语，whom作宾语；2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which ，可作主语或宾语；3）先行词为人、物时用that ，可作主语或宾语；4）whose用作定语，可指人或物；5）关系副词when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。
（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。
e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）
2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。
e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）
（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题
1、that与which的区别。
1 定语从句
一．考情分析，命题探究
2015-2019年定语从句考情一览表
纵观近五年全国卷高考试题，定语从句仍是近五年高考考查热点。对定语从句的考查主要集中在对关系代词、关系副词的的选用及判断以及非限制性定语从句的考查上。
二．真体演练，品味高考
1. (2019全国卷III) They were well trained by their masters who had great experience
with caring for these animals.
2. (2019全国卷II) Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop
in Macclesfield,which she opened with her late husband Les.
3. (2019全国卷III) (改错) In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the
historical environment which is created for them.
4. (2018全国卷I)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in
2014,which showed a mere five to 10. minutes a day of running reduced the risk of
heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
5.(2018全国卷II) The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between
2005---when the government started a soil-testing programthat/whichgives specific
