Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars Reading 导学案2-人教必修3精品

【高二】Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the starsUnit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars1. spreadvt.&vi. 展开,铺开;散布;扩大;延伸The bird spread its wings. 那只鸟展开了翅膀。

Flies spread disease. 苍蝇传播疾病。

常用结构:spread sth. with sth. 用……抹/涂/铺……spread ...on ...把……抹/涂/铺在……be spread for摆好（桌子）准备spread oneself\[口\]舒展四肢(躺下)spread out张开，伸开，铺开，展开，伸长高手过招单项填空Paper making began in China and to Europe.(2021•12•河南郑州检测)A. SpreadB. grewC. CarriedD. developed解析:选A。

句意为：造纸术起于中国，又传播到了欧洲。

spread传播。

2. methodn. 方法He has introduced a new method of teaching.他引进了一种新的方法。

What is the most effective method of birth control?控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？联想拓展by this means=in this way=with this method用这种方法易混辨析method/meansmethod侧重“理论方法”，指做某事的具体步骤或程序。

a new teaching method一种新的方法means（单复数同形）侧重“通过手段”或“利用工具”去达到某种目的。

高手过招选词填空(method/means)（原创）①The quickest of travel is b y plane.②She has a very scientific of dealing with political problems.答案：①means②method3. harmfuladj. 有害的常用结构:do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害mean no harm 无意伤害别人;没有恶意harm one’s image/reputation 损害某人的形象/名声do more harm than good 弊大于利There is no harm in (sb.?s) doing sth.=It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth. (某人) 做某事无害处 be harmful to 对……有害harm n.&v. 损害，伤害Smoking is harmful to your health. 吸烟有害健康。

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of stars教案unit4astronomy:thescienceofstars教案teaching aims:1. talk about the science of stars2. practise giving instructions teaching difficulties:1. learn to use noun clauses as the subject2. learn to write an essay to show your problems and the way to overcome them.3. vocabulary: astronomy, atmosphere, violent, explode, surface, disappointed, gradually, cheer, mass, harmful, presence, in time, preve nt …from… depend on, now that, get the hang of, break outteaching procedures:the first period intensive reading step ⅰ presentationt: hello, everyone! today we will come to unit 4, astronomy. before that i have a question: where do we come from? or we can say: who are our ancestors?s1: monkeys!s2: beijing ren who lived many years ago.s3: dinosaurs…t: very good! do you know what it was like before life appeared on earth?s4: full of water…bs: i don’t know.t: do you want to get more information?ss: yes, we do.t: today we will learn something about how life began on earth. turn to page 25. let’s come to warming up first.step ⅱ warming up1. read the three questions, while the students listen and follow.2. give the students several minutes to discuss the questions.3. collect answers from the class.4. check answers while discussing.step ⅲ pre-readingget the students to discuss the questions on page 25 with their partners. then ask the students to tell their stories. encourage them to tell different stories, if they don’t know any, tell them some.t: now discuss these questions with your partners. then i will ask some of you to tell us your stories. are you clear?ss: yes.a. do you know each religion or culture has its own ideas about the beginning of the universe? give an example if you know.b. do you know what a scientific idea is?read some stories to the students.pangu separates the sky from the earth;the biblical account;india;japan;europe;…step ⅳ reading1. scanningget the students to read the passage quickly and accurately and meanwhile help the students to form a good habit of reading. give the students a couple of minutes to look throuth the whole passage. tell them to read silently and then ask some detailed questions about the text. encourage them to express their ideas. t: we are going to learn a passage about how life began on the earth. now read the text quickly and then answer my questions.a. what was there on the earth before life began?b. why do scientist think there has never been life on the moon?c. why do animals first appear in the sea?d. why do green plants help life to develop?e. why were mammals different from other animals? discuss the answers with the whole class.2. skimmingin this part, students will read the text again and finish part 1,2,3t: now skim the passage fast to finish part1,2,3,4 then we will check the answers together.key to part 1: dbigehacfjdiscuss the rest with the students.step ⅴ listeninglisten to the tape for the students to follow and have further understanding of the passage.t: read after the tape, then answer me some questions with your book closed.a. how did water come into being on the earth?b. why is water important on earth?step ⅵ language pointst: turn to page 25. let’s look at the sentences:a. it exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour.which leads non-restrictive attributive clause.in time: sooner or later; eventuallyi will see him in time.in time ( for sth/to do sth): not lateshe will be back in time to prepare dinner.in/out of time: in/not in the correct timethe audience clapped in time to the music.b. nobody knew that it was going to be different from other planets going around the sun.be different from: not like someone or something else in one or more wayscity life is quite different from country life.c. whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.to come: serves as attributiveshe is the last person to do such a thing.depend on: something might only happen or be true if the circumstances are right for itour success depends on whether everyone works hard or not.d. walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.now that: because of the fact thatnow that i am free, i can enjoy music for a while.now that you have grown up, you can decide it by yourself.step ⅶ homework1. retell the passage2. remember important language pointsthe second period language studystep ⅰ revision1. check retelling of the passage2. translate the following sentences.a. 你迟早会胜利的.b. 我的车与你的不一样.c. 站在门旁边的那个人是谁?d. 他总是第一个来,最终一个走.e. 既然你已经长大了,你自己确定吧. suggested answers:a. you will succeed in time.b. my car is different from yours.c. who is the person standing by the door?d. he is always the first to come and the last to go.e. now that you have grown up you can decide it yourself.step ⅱ word studythis part is a consolidation of the words learnt in this unit. ask the students to do the exercises individually.a. page 27. first let students finish part 1,2b. check the answers with the whole class.c. give students 3minutes to finish part 3.d. let the students read part 4 for a while and finish it.e. turn to page 63. first let the students finish 1and 2 and check the answers.step ⅲ preparationshow some sentences on the blackboard.a. a tree has fallen across the road.b. you are a student.c. to find your way can be a problem.d. smoking is bad for you.e. “how do you do?” is a greeti ng.f. what she said is not yet known.g. that we shall be late is certain.h. it’s certain that we shall be late .t: what part does the underlined part serve as in eachsentence? or find its subject in each sentence.step ⅳ grammar1. give the students some time to find the sentences in the passage. the collect answers from the class.2. show typical examples of how to make a subject clause. guide the ss to find out what changes we have to make when we make a sentence or combine two sentences using subject clause. teacher shows the example and ss write down the sentences.3. turn to page 64. read the following passage quickly and finish the eight sentences.4. have a discussion in pairs. the topic is my dream. one talks about the problems in his study or life, another gives some advice. remind the students to use the following structuresa. my problem is…b. my trouble is…c. the question is…d. my advice is…e. what i think about it is…f. the fact is…g. my suggestion is…step ⅴhomework1. finish part 3(p23)2. finish part 3(p64)added material:什么是黑洞？就是在宇宙中有那么一些点，这些点的体积趋向于零而密度变得无穷大，由于具有强大的吸引力，物体只要进入离这个点必须距离的范围内，就会被这个强大的引力汲取掉，连光线也不例外。

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 课文知识点解析Warming UpDiscuss in pairs which science subjects are part of medicine,biochemistry,geophysics or astronomy.分组讨论哪些科学科目是医学，生物化学，地理学或天文学的一部分。

in pairs=two at a time=in twos一次两个，两个一组e.g.Shoes and slippers are sold in pairs.鞋子都是论双卖的。

注意：in+数词/名词（数词/名词以复数形式）e.g.in threes and fours 三三两两的in groups 成群的思维拓展in在这里表示：以……数量/形式、形状等。

e.g.Tourists queue in thousands to see the tomb. 游客数以千计排着队看陵墓。

Reading1.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clearwhether the solid shape was to last or not.这一问题变得越来越不确定，因为这一球体形状是否能够维持尚未明朗。

(1)violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的a violent language 激烈的语言a violent storm 猛烈的风暴a violent 猛攻思维拓展violence n.［U］1.暴力，强暴2.猛烈，剧烈，强烈(2)whether...or not... “是……还是……”在这里是主语从句,它还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。

e.g.I don’t know whether he will agree with me.（宾语）我不知道他是否同意我的观点。

Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars李仕才一、阅读理解。

The Internet plays a big part in human life. We use it for work and entertainment. We can find new recipes on the Internet or advice on staying healthy. We can even use it to learn a new language. We use the Internet to connect with family and friends and stay in touch with issues we care about.The list goes on and on.As far as the Internet being a part of our lives—well, that train has left the station. That expression means there is no going back. If you prefer boating, you can say that ship has sailed.So, there may be no going back to an Internet-free life. But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health?It might be, say researchers.Study results show that teens who spend at least 14 hours a week online were more likely to have high blood pressure.High blood pressure makes your heart and blood vessels work too hard. Over time, this extra strain increases your risk of a heart attack or stroke.High blood pressure can also cause heart and kidney disease. It is also closely linked to some forms of dementia, a brain disease. Dementia is marked by memory disorders, personality changes, and a reduced ability to reason.Let’s introduce something about the study of it.The Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan did the study. It involved 335 young people, from 14 to 17 years old. One hundred thirty-four of the teens were described as “heavy Internet users”. Researchers found that out of these 134 teens, 26 had high blood pressure.The researchers say the study is the first to connect heavy web use and high blood pressure. Other research has connected that heavy Internet use with health problems including anxiety, depression and obesity.The lead researcher of the study is Andrea Cassidy-Bushrow. In a statement she said, “Using the Internet is part of our daily life but it shouldn’t consume us. ”For the purpose of the study, she explains, teens considered heavy Internet users were online on “average 25 hours a week. ”Ms Cassidy-Bushrow adds that it is important for teens to take “regular breaks from their computers or smartphones” and to do some “kind of physical activity. ”She also suggests that parents limit their children’s use of the Internet to two hours a day, five days a week.【文章大意】互联网如此有用并且融入我们的生活, 但过度使用它, 会导致多种健康问题。

Book 3Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the starsⅠ.阅读理解(2019·重庆巴蜀中学期中)Scientists have found living organisms trapped in crystals(晶体) that could be 50,000 years old.The organisms were found in a hot，but beautiful cave system in Naica，Mexico.These ancient life forms can be seen only with a microscope.Penelope Boston，who leads the Astrobiology Institute at NASA，the space agency of the United States，says the ancient microbes were able to live by eating minerals such as iron.She spoke about the discovery recently at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.If the findings are confirmed，they will show how microbes can survive in extreme conditions.Forty different kinds of microbes and some viruses were found in the underground area.The genetic structures of these organisms are 10 percent different from those of their nearest relatives.The caves in Naica are 800 kilometers deep.They were once used for mining lead.Before the miners began working in the caves，the area was separated from the surface and the outside world.Some of the caves are as big as the large religious centers built during Europe’s Middle Ages.There are crystals covering the walls.The caves are so hot that scientists must wear special clothing to keep cool.The clothing keeps the crystals safe from human germs(病菌) or other damage.Boston said the researchers could only work for about 20 minutes at a time before they had to go to a room that was 38 degrees Celsius to cool down.NASA officials would not let Boston share her findings with scientific experts before last week’s announcement.So scientists could not say much about the findings.But Norine Noonan，a biologist with the University of South Florida，said she believed them.“Why are we surprised？”Noonan asked.“As a biologist，I would say life on Earth is extremely tough and extremely colorful.”Boston is also studying microbes commonly found inside caves in other countries，such as Ukraine and the United States.These microbes appear to be impossible to kill.Boston said they show how difficult life on Earth can be.1.The existence of the ancient microbes relies on .A.surrounding insectsB.eating mineralsC.diverse plantsD.absorbing air答案B解析细节理解题。