新牛津译林版英语九年级上册定语从句学案

9AU8语法定语从句一、定语从句的定义1.定语用来修饰名词或代词的词。

由形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式、分词、介词短语或从句等来担任。

单个词作定语时，通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。

A shot thin man useful information2.定语从句在主从复合句中做定语的从句，即修饰名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。

A detective is someone who looks for clues to something important.注意：第一定语从句结构完整，定语从句的基本句型结构与简单句的五种基本句型结构一致。

第二定语从句的翻译。

翻译成...的第三去掉定语从句之后，主句结构完整。

因为定语不是五种基本句型的成分，所以不影响句子的结构。

第四限制性定语从句有意义，将定语从句从主从复合句中剥离，原句剩下部分可能没有什么意义。

二、定语从句的分类知识点1：that、which和who引导定语从句The victim’s parents have offered a reward of 50,000 for any information that leads to the arrest of the murderer.We are now checking the scene for more clues which will help solve the case.We are asking anyone who saw anything unusual near Corn Street last night to contact us.知识点2：where、why、when引导的定语从句A book office is a place where tickets are sold.I still remember the year when we studied together.Do you know the reason why I left early?三、定语从句的结构1.先行词——是被定语从句所修饰的词,通常是名词或代词。

英语译林牛津版必修lUnit2 （定语从句〉学案（5-1）【定语从句讲解与练习5-1]关系代词前面的介词的选用原则：一、介词与动词搭配：即介词是从句中谓语动词短语的一部分1）用“介词+关系代词”填空1.The girl __________ I shook hands at the school gate is the best singer in our school.2.In the dark street, there wasn^t a single person ____________ she could turn for help.3.The gentleman ______________ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.4.He is an experienced worker, __________ we can learn a lot.5.We thought you were a person _________ we could expect good decisions.6.The two subjects __________ my friend was not sure were maths and geography・7.The girl __________ I lent my dictionary is honest.8.He has tried his best to learn English, ___________ he has made rapid progress・9.HeUl never forget the policeman, _________ he was saved from the lake.10.The English play _________ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success・【参考答案】1）用“介词+关系代词”填空with whom 2・ about whom 3・ about whom 4. from whom 5. from whom6.about which 7・ to whom 8. in which 9・ by whom 10. in which2）单项填空1・ The artist ____ the judge gave a prize is the teacher _______ I have been taught painting for two years.A. from whom; by whomB. to whom; whoC. from whom; who D・ to whom; by whom2.The fellow I spoke _____ no answer at first.A・ made B・ to make C. to made D. to making3・ The boss _____ department Ms King worked ten years ago looked down upon women.A. in whichB. in thatC. in whose D・ whose4.Don7t talked about such things of _______ you are not sure.A. whichB. whatC. thoseD. as5.Do you know the man ___________ ?A. whom I spoke B・ to him I spokeC. I spoke toD. that I spoke6.We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, ____ wegave some bells and glasses.A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with which7. ---- Why does she always ask you for help?---- There is no one else ________ , is there? (2005 北京)A. who to turn toB. she can turn toC・ for whom to turn D・ for her to turn【参考答案】2)单项填空1 - 7 DCCACBB•上«£« •丄“•丄“ «£« •丄■ «£« •丄“•土•丄■ *4* •丄■•丄■•丄■ *4* •丄“•丄■•丄■ *4* •丄■ •卜•丄■ *4* •丄■ •卜•丄■ •卜•丄■•丄■•丄■•丄■• ■ ■. $ .木水和和和和和和和和字"不粉粉粉来不粉和和和和和来""""給來(一)定语从句复习用定语从句把下列句子连接成一个句子1.The book is mine. He is reading the book.The book (which/that) he is reading is mine.2.1like the girl. The girl is wearing a red skirt.I like the girl who is wearing a red skirt.3.She is the student. We saw her yesterday.She is the student (who/whom/that) we saw yesterday.4.The athlete is a famous runner. You talked to him.The athlete who you talked to is a famous runne匚5.1have lost the book・ He gave me it yesterday・I have lost the book (which/that) he gave me yesterday.6.1have seen the film. You talked it about last night.I have seen the film (which/that) you talked about last night.7.1threw the chai匚Its legs are broken.I threw the chair whose legs are broken.(二)介词+关系代词引导的定语从句用定语从句把下列句子连接成一个句子1 ・ This is the teache匚We've learned a lot from he匚This is the teacher (whom/who/that) we^ve learned a lot from.This is the teacher from whom we've learned a lot.2.The policeman is a friend of mine. Mr Henry is talking with him in the office・The policeman (who/that/whom) Mr Henry is talking with in the office is a friend of mine.The policeman with whom Mr Henry is talking in the office is a friend of mine.3.The ladder began to slip. I was standing on the ladde匚The ladder (which/that) I was standing on began to slip.The ladder on which I was standing began to slip.4.Great changes are taking place in the city. They live in the city.Great changes are taking place in the city (which/that) they live in.Great changes are taking place in the city in which they live・5.This is the library・ I borrowed Harry Potter from this library・This is the library (which/that) I borrowed Harry Potter from.This is the library from which I borrowed Harry Potter.总结：关系代词在从句中作宾语时，介词可提至关系代词前，构成"介词+ which/whom 从句”结构。

定语从句一、定义在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。

引导定语从句的有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等。

关系代词和关系副词，既起到连接作用，又在定语从句中担任句子成份。

总结定语从句的一般结构为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。

二、关系代词注意：一般情况下，that既可以指人又可以指物，可以代替who, whom和which，在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语；which指物，在从句中也做主语、宾语或表语，所以which和that在指物时，大多时候可以互换，如：This is the movie that I like best.=This is the movie which I like best. 这就是我最喜欢的电影。

2. 关系代词的省略一般情况下，关系代词作宾语时可以省略，但若关系代词在从句中作介词宾语，且介词在关系代词前，不能省略，如：I’ll never forget the day that we spent together.我永远都不会忘记与你共度的时光。

（可省略）I’ll never forget the day on which we met each other.我永远不会忘记我们初次见面那一天。

（不可省）注意：与关系代词不同，关系副词在从句中作状语，状语并不是句子必须成分，所以即使没有关系副词，从句的内容也完整。

这是关系副词与关系代词最大的不同，也是我们选题的关键。

同时，关系副词大多可以拆分成介词+which的形式，如：This is the house where Luxun once lived.=This is the house in which Luxun once lived.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。

四、考点延伸我们都知道，若先行词为物，关系词可以用that或which，而且大多数可以互换。

牛津译林九年级上册定语从句专题梳理【知识梳理】一、概念：修饰某一名词或者代词的从句叫定语从句（AttributiveClause）,形容词作用，也称为形容词性从句.被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟先行词.定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在定语从句中充当一个成分，并在含义上替代先行词.The man is may cousin.He came to see me this morning.替换:The man who came to see me this morning is my cousin.先行词关系代词定语从句关系代词who在定语从句中做主语，不可省略.The man（who lives next to us）sells vegetable.You must do everything（that I can do）.二、要点：跟定语从句相关的最关键的最两个词：①先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

②关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

关系代词:who/whom（指代人）,which（指代物）,that（指代人/物）as, whose等关系词的分类：关系副词:when（指代时间），where（指代地点），why（指代原因）引导定语从句关系词的功能：代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个句法成分I.关系代词that,which,who（whom）引导的定语从句1.指人的关系代词：who/whom/that先行词在从句中作主语：A doctor is a person who/that looks after people's health.先行词在从句中作宾语：Mr White invited many friends to his party(who/whom/that)he respected much.关系代词前有介词：Nancy is the right person on whom you can depend.2.指物的关系代词:which/that先行词在从句中作主语：The river which/that runs through the city brings us lots of pleasure.先行词在从句中作宾语：The book(which/that)you just laid on the shelf is mine.关系代词前有介词：Here is the money with which I will buy a piano.总结：(1)关系代词中在从句中充当主语的是which>that>who且在句中不可以省略。

第09讲预习九上：定语从句掌握并正确使用定语从句定语从句1.概念：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。

定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree.↓↓↓先行词引导词从句（定语从句）2. 关系词的选用：3、关系词的省略：关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。

The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。

4.关系代词只能用that的情况(1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that如: My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things that they couldn’t remember.(2)当先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that.如: Say all that you know/ Is there anything that I can do for you?(3)当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same 等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who).如：That’s the only thing that I can do now. /These are the very(adj.恰好的) words that he used.(4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.如：This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. This is the best novel that I have read.(5)当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.如：Which is the machine that we used last Sunday?5. 关系代词只能用which的情况(1)先行词有指示代词（that/this/these/those）修饰如：I am reading that book which you read yesterday. 我在看你昨天看的那本书(2)引导词前有介词如：The school campus in which we study every day is beautiful. 我们学习的校园很漂亮。

9A Unit 8 语法------定语从句一、定语从句的有关概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

（定语从句要用陈述句语序） 如：1)The man who/that lives next to us is a policeman.(关系代词如果在定语从句中做主语，要注意从句中的谓语动单复数要与先行词一致)）2) I like the bike which/that my father bought for me last year.(分解为：在上面两句中的 man 和bike 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词。

定语从句放在先行词后面。

that , which ,who (宾格whom ,所有格whose )关系词（关系代词或关系副词）放在先行词和定语从句之间，起联系作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成分。

也就是说关系词有三个作用：1.引导定语从句。

2.代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。

3.连接主句和从句。

但是：1）在非限制性定语从句中不能用 that2) 在介词后面不能用that3）先行词是代人的不定代词如those, somebody 时不能用that三、有关系副词引导的定语从句：(只作了解)1.country, school, room…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当地点状语，一般用where引导定语从句。

也可以用介词＋which的结构。

值得注意的是which前介词的选择是根据先行词与介词的搭配关系而定。

The room where(=in which)he used to live has now been turned into a museum..The desk where(=on which)I put my bag is his.This is the school where(=in which)I joined the Party.2.year, month, day, night…），而关系词代替先行词在定语从句中充当时间状语，一般用when引导定语从句。

中考英语定语从句讲解及练习在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。

引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whose, whom, which, that 。

引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why。

关系代词在定语从句中做主语，宾语，定语。

关系副词在定语从句中做状语。

一、who引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语)，修饰表示人的先行词。

This is the man who helped me.The boy who//whom we saw yesterday is John’s brother.二、whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。

The doctor (whom) you are looking for is in the room.The person (whom) you just talked to is Mr. Li.=The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li. (介词后whom不能省略)The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。

look for / look after /take care of / put on / take off…)三、whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语，修饰表示人或物的先行词。

Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. Pass me the dictionary whose cover is black. He has a friend whose father is a doctor.四、that引导的定语从句，that在从句中做主语或宾语、修饰表示人或物的先行词。

定语从句前言：虽然定语从句在初中语法中出现的较晚，且中考所占分数比列不高，因此，对学生的要求不是很高，但是初中阶段的定语从句是为高中的进一步学习打下基础，因此，这部分知识比较重要，希望同学们要予以重视。

语法定语从句（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。

主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。

单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。

短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。

定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。

如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2) You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。

引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

定语从句前言：虽然定语从句在初中语法中出现的较晚，且中考所占分数比列不高，因此，对学生的要求不是很高，但是初中阶段的定语从句是为高中的进一步学习打下基础，因此，这部分知识比较重要，希望同学们要予以重视。

语法定语从句（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。

主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。

单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。

短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。

定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。

如：1)The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2)You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。

引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格who,所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1)Mr.Liu is the person (whom)you talked about.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

牛津译林英语九年级上册定语从句专题梳理(习题含答案)概念：定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句，起形容词作用。

被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟先行词。

定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在定语从句中充当一个成分，并在含义上替代先行词。

要点：定语从句的关键词是先行词和关系词。

先行词是被定语从句修饰的词，关系词是引导定语从句的词。

关系代词有who/whom（指代人）、which（指代物）、that（指代人/物）等，关系副词有when（指代时间）、where（指代地点）、why（指代原因）等。

关系代词that、which、who（whom）引导的定语从句可以指代人或物。

当先行词在定语从句中作主语时，用who或which/that；当先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，用who/whom 或which/that。

如：A doctor is a person who/that looks after people’s health。

Mr White ___ his party (who/whom/that) ___。

关系代词前有介词时，用whom或which。

如：Nancy is the right person on whom you can ___。

关系代词which和that可以指代物，用法与who/whom相同。

如：___ pleasure.___:Relative PronounsSubjective CaseObjective CasePossessive CaseReferring to Peoplewho。

thatwhom。

who。

thatof whom。

whose___that。

whichthat。

whichof which。

whoseII。

Relative Adverbs where。

when。

why introducing adjective clausesSummary of Knowledge]Do you ___ where we used to play chess。