初三英语二模后阅读CD篇冲刺

阅读回答冲刺四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

（共10分，每小题2分）（房山二模）The Silk Road is the name of different roads that connected Europe, Africa and Asia long ago. It was named by F. von Richthofen, who was a famous German geographer. Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3,000 years ago. People reached these different places along these roads. By the time the Chinese silk trade became important in the world, the Silk Road covered almost 7,000 kilometers. It went from Rome to China, which is from the West to the Far East.Businessmen travelled along the Silk Road to carry silk, of course. They also carried and traded other things like spices (香料), cloth, jewels and gold.Along and around these ancient paths (小路), have come many fascinating and mysterious stories.It is said that Roman soldiers who lost a war travelled through central Asia. They decided to live somewhere near the ancient Chinese villages. Some of these Romans married local Chinese women and the stories of the blond-haired, blue-eyed tribes of China was started.Some historians believe that the people of Kashmir were taken away from their country Israel. They were prisoners (俘虏) of war almost 2,800 years ago. People say that these people travelled along the Silk Road. They kept their Jewish way of life for a long time.During its busiest period, the Silk Road allowed people from many different cultures and countries to meet each other and mix. The Silk Road allowed the sharing of valuable things and new ideas. It included people and trading goods from different areas. All these peoples travelled the Silk Road, and they shared goods, stories, languages, and cultures.In modern times, the old Silk Road routes (路线) are still used, but now they are crossed by trains instead of camels and horses. There is even a Silk Route Museum in Jiuquan in China. It has over 35, 000 objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries and peoples.34.Who gave the name “Silk Road”?35.How long was the Silk Road?36.What did people trade along the “Silk Road” in the past?37.Did people share languages and cultures along the Silk Road?38.How does China protect the history of Silk Road?五、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

2023北京初三二模英语汇编阅读单选CD篇（2023 北京西城统考二模）Water lovers will tell you that not all water tastes the same. However, if your water tastes different when it's in a reusable plastic bottle, a new study finds it may be a cause for worry.Two scientists, Jan Christensen and Selina Tisler, have undertaken a study about which chemicals （化学物质）in reusable plastic bottles go into the water. They let water sit for 24 hours in new bottles, in used bottles and in bottles that had just come out of a dishwashing machine. After that, they compared what they found in the water in the different bottles.The results were quite a surprise. More than 400 difierent chemicals had leached （析出）from new plastic bottles into the water. Water stored in used plastic bottles had the highest levels of plastic-related chemicals. Running the bottles through a dishwasher worsened the leaching. After a single washing, more than 3, 500 difierent chemicals ended up in a bottle's water. Many of these were related to dishwasher soap （洗碗皂）and remained even after a second washing with running water. What's more, dishwashing itself also caused more plastic chemicals to leach.Similar discoveries were also made by Pat Hunt, a biologist at Washington State University. She found that heat can cause chemicals to move out of plastics. Hot water in a dishwasher helps to clean dishes. But plastics can start to break down if they are in hot water repeatedly, "Plastics just shouldn't go in the dishwasher, " she concludes.Christensen and Tisler5s study found some chemicals that are probably harmful. Future studies could make clear how much of each chemical is there. And that's important. Just because a chemical is in the water doesn't mean it will cause problems. Much of the risk will depend on how much of a chemical actually gets into the body.Hunt agrees. "This study is a starting point, " she says. It gives researchers ideas about what chemicals from reusable bottles are probably in water. But it doesn't tell us what risks the now-polluted water may bring to us. More research is needed.Still, lowering exposures （接触）to plastic-related chemicals is probably a good idea. Hunt suggests using non-plastic bottles. "If you do use a plastic bottle, fill it up and use it right away, " Tisler adds. “It's best not to store water in them overnight or for long periods of time. ”1. What can we learn from the passage?A. The length of time water is kept in plastics matters.B. Water in new plastic bottles has the most chemicals.C. Drinking hot water in plastic bottles harms people's health.D. Over 3, 500 plastic chemicals are found in dishwashed bottles.2. According to the passage, further research is needed to find out ________.A. whether chemicals actually enter the bodyB. how plastic-related chemicals get into waterC. what risks plastic-related chemicals may causeD. when people should throw away a plastic bottle3. What is this passage mainly about?A. Improper usage of plastic bottles.B. Various opinions about plastic bottles.C. Unknown chemicals in plastic bottles.D. Research findings about plastic bottles.（2023 北京西城统考二模）Why do we do the things we do? What drivesour behavior? Psychologists have suggested different ways of thinking aboutmotivation （动机）, including looking at whether motivation arises from outside（extrinsic）or inside （intrinsic） a person.Researchers have found that each type has a different effect on a person'sbehavior and efforts to achieve goals. To better understand the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on human behavior, it would help to learn how each type works.Extrinsic motivation is when you are motivated to perform a behavior or take part in an activity because you want to get a reward （奖赏）or avoid punishment. You will take action not because you enjoy it, but because you expect to get something in return or avoid something unpleasant.Intrinsic motivation is when you decide to do something because you find it satisfying. You are performing an activity for what it is not because you are after some external （外部的）reward. The behavior itself is its own reward.Studies have shown that offering too many external rewards for an already internally rewarding behavior can reduce intrinsic motivation—which is known as the over justification （奖励过当）effect. For example, in a 2008 study, children who were rewarded for playing with a toy they had already expressed interest in playing with became less interested in the toy after being externally rewarded.This is not to suggest that extrinsic motivation is a bad thing—it can be beneficial in some situations. For example, extrinsic motivation can be especially helpful when a person needs to complete a task that they find unpleasant.Most people would accept that intrinsic motivation is best, but it is not always possible in every situation. Sometimes a person simply has no internal wish to join in an activity.Both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation play a key role in learning. Experts have argued that education's traditional stress on external rewards （such as grades, report cards, and gold stars）undermines any intrinsic motivation that students might already have. However, others have suggested that extrinsic motivators can help students feel more knowledgeable in the classroom, which in turn builds up their intrinsic motivation.As professor David Myers put it, a person’s interest often survives when a reward is used neither to bribe （贿赂）nor to control but to show a job well done, as in a “most improved player” award. Put simply, rewards, rightly given, can increase enjoyment and motivate high performance.Understanding how each type of motivation works and when it is likely to be useful can help people perform tasks and improve their learning.4. You do something out of intrinsic motivation when you ___________.A. do schoolwork to get a good gradeB. work on a subject you find interestingC. take part in a sport to receive recognitionD. clean your room to avoid criticism from your parents5. Why does the writer mention the 2008 study in Paragraph 5?A. To explain the benefits of offering toys as rewards.B. To prove external rewards can influence one’s interest.C. To introduce how intrinsic motivation works in children.D. To stress the importance of understanding intrinsic motivation.6. The word "undermines" in Paragraph 8 means _______________.A. weakensB. separatesC. improvesD. encourages7. The writer probably agrees that ______________________.A. extrinsic motivation is key to one's achievementB. intrinsic motivation has little to do with enjoying a taskC. properly-given rewards can encourage further improvementD. offering rewards of any kind takes the fun out of an activity（2023 北京海淀统考二模）Most kids know it’s wrong to shout at orhit someone. But what if that someone is Alexa - an AI (Artificial Intelligence人工智能) speaker, or Roomba - a robot cleaner?A new study by Teresa Flanagan, a developmental psychologist from DukeUniversity, found that kids aged four to eleven felt neither Roomba nor Alexashould be shouted at or attacked. However, that feeling weakened as kids grewinto their teens.Flanagan was inspired to do the research after watching some movies about robots. “In those movies, we see adults interacting with robots in terrible ways,” said Flanagan. “But how would kids interact with them?”Flanagan invited 127 children aged four to eleven to take part in the study. The kids were asked to watch a video of the two devices (设备) and then answer a few questions, like whether it was wrong to attack Al devices and how smart and sensitive they thought Alexa was compared to Roomba. Flanagan studied the survey data and found something encouraging.Overall, kids decided that both Alexa and Roomba, unlike humans, probably weren’t ticklish (怕痒) and wouldn’t feel pain when they got hit. However, they gave Alexa, but not Roomba, high marks for mental and emotional abilities, such as being able to think or getting upset when someone was mean to it.“Young children think Alexa, even without a body, has emotions and a mind,” Flanagan said. “But they don’t think Roomba does — maybe that has something to do with Alexa’s ability to have verbal(语音的) communication.”Although they believed the two intelligent devices had different abilities, children across all ages agreed it was wrong to hit or shout at the machines. However, the older kids got, the more they reported it would be more acceptable to attack devices.The findings offer new ideas about the changing relationship between children and intelligent devices and raise important questions about how we are supposed to treat them in general and as parents. Should adults, for example, model good behavior for their kids by thanking Al devices for their help?For now, Flanagan is trying to understand why children think it is wrong to attack intelligent devices.8. Why does Flanagan mention some movies in Paragraph 3?A. To present how robots influence children.B. To stress the importance of Al technology.C. To explain where the research idea came from.D. To show the popularity of children’s TV shows.9. What can we learn from the passage?A. Adults set a good example on treating AI.B. Flanagan studied the data with the help of AI.C. Alexa has more physical feelings than Roomba.D. Younger kids hold a friendlier attitude to Al devices.10. What will Flanagan probably do next?A. Examine what good manners kids show toward AI.B. Test whether Alexa is much smarter than Roomba.C. Survey how adults interact with intelligent devices.D. Study why kids think AI is worthy of nice treatment.（2023 北京海淀统考二模）Awe is the feeling of amazement and respect mixed with surprise. Research shows that awe experiences decrease stress and anxiety and increase positive(积极的) emotions and overall satisfaction in life. It can also improve our relationships, making us more likely to help others and more supported.Most of us connect awe with something unusual and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But ordinary people can bring about awe too. Research shows we can be awed by our nearest and dearest—the people sitting next to us, or talking on the other end of the phone. Psychologists call this interpersonal awe.Often, this interpersonal awe is how people respond(反应) to life’s big changes, like seeing a baby’s first steps or a friend fighting against cancer. Yet interpersonal awe happens in our everyday life, too. John Bargh, a psychologist, said he was “truly awe struck” by his then-5-year-old daughter while dining in a McDonald’s years ago. When she heard another child crying across the restaurant, she took the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over and handed it to him.We can’t make someone else behave in an awesome way, but we can get prepared to notice it when they do and take steps to strengthen the emotion’s positive effects.To increase your chances of feeling awed by people around you, Marianna Craziosi, an expert in positive psychology, suggests you direct your attention to people’s positive sides and catch them at their best. You may think your brother or friend is selfish; there may be a little truth to that, but it’s never the whole story. “Try to find examples of him helping others or doing something great. In other words, become a field scientist, like Jane Goodall,” Graziosi said.To help you recognize and remember a special experience, say out loud “Wow, that was awesome!” when awe strikes you. Enjoy it in the moment and tell others about it. This will strengthen your positive emotions. And recall it or write about it later. Studies show awe can be drawn again simply by remembering an awe experience.When you feel awed by people around you, thank them and let them know just how much their actions affect you. This makes the other person feel good and can give your relationship an improvement. And you’ll also have high levels of happiness and psychological well-being.Awe could be anywhere. Perhaps awe, while an ordinary response to the extraordinary, is also an extraordinary response to the ordinary.11. You are likely to feel interpersonal awe when__________.A. you listen to a CD of a popular singerB. you read a book about a famous personC. you get a surprise help from your familyD. you watch a beautiful sunset with friends12. By saying the underlined words in Paragraph 5, Graziosi suggests that we should_________.A. read about how to get on with othersB. try to get a full picture of other peopleC. watch carefully how others do their jobsD. learn from an expert in positive psychology13. The writer would probably agree that__________ .A. awe often comes from senses of satisfactionB. awe moments are usually very difficult to createC. nature provides the most awe in our everyday lifeD. recalling awe experiences strengthens relationships14. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Respond to Awe in Everyday LifeB. Spread Awe to People AroundC. Express Thanks to Awesome PeopleD. Take down Awesome Moments（2023 北京门头沟统考二模）Highly productive people have certain habits that other people don’t. How are they getting so much done and achieving their purposes? We all want success, but what are we doing wrong? Here are a few habits you really need to avoid if you want to be highly productive.Not seeing the bigger pictureStarting with the end in mind can help you to imagine what you are trying to create. When you can see the bigger picture, you can begin to break the course down in steps to see exactly how you’re going to get there. Thinking of the end helps you keep your eye on the prize, especially when you get less confident.Working without priorities (优先事项)When deciding what steps to take to reach the end, highly productive people don’t waste time on details that influence the course. Make your path simple. Pay attention to what is important.Procrastination (拖延症)Though it is true, it can be the hardest thing. If we wait for the right time, it may take us a very long time to finally feel confident to begin something. Many things can pull us away from starting our project.Working long hours without breaksYou can’t do your best job if you’re very tired. If you take care of yourself, you are better prepared to be in top form to do the job at hand. According to studies, the ability to give attention becomes weaker after about an hour, and then you will become less productive. So if you’re tired, don’t work harder. You need at least a 15-minute break to give your brain a rest and be ready to do more of your best work.Listening to people who say “no”Never be limited by other people. Highly productive people are not prevented by difficulty and other people’s ideas about what they’re doing. They find a way to get started, and they find a way not to give up.15．What does the underlined word “productive” in Paragraph 1 mean?A．实际的B．繁忙的C．乐观的D．高效的17．Which can help do your best work when you are tired?A．Try the hardest project.B．Spend a quarter resting.C．Work harder than before. D．Spend more time on details.（2023 北京门头沟统考二模）Want to fall asleep fast? Read a book before going to bed. It is at the top of most lists if you ask the Internet for tips for falling asleep. But why does reading make us so sleepy?“For many people, reading can be relaxing and enjoyable. It can put your mind and body in the right mood(状态) to go to sleep,” says Raman Malhotra. He is an expert(专家) at the Washington University Sleep Center. Of course, that’s if you’re reading something relaxing. According to Dr. Malhotra, reading anything that could make you too excited probably isn’t good for relaxing.Making it a habit to read every night before bed might make reading even more helpful for your sleep. This is because having a regular “relaxing time” before bed can help improve your sleep. “Adding a bedtime routine(惯例) of 15 to 30 minutes can separate your ‘sleep time’ from activities that can cause excitement,” says Dr. Malhotra.Moreover, reading tires your eyes out. This happens with both paper books and e-books, but Dr. Malhotra recommends(推荐) paper books.“Most of the digital(数码的) readers send out blue light, and this light can cause our body’s internal clocks (生物钟) to not work correctly,” he says. “This will make it more difficult for us to fall asleep.”That blue light is why doctors advise you not to spend time using your phone too close to your bedtime. Besides,if you’re reading on a phone, you may easily end up opening up other apps and staying up late.On the other hand, sometimes you’re trying to finish a book but are having a hard time staying awake through it. In this case, Dr. Malhotra suggests trying a brighter light. You can also sit straight, or make sure the room isn’t too warm. If you do get really tired, though, it’s probably a sign that you need some rest.Reading might not be the best sleep aid (辅助物) for everyone, but if you’ve been experiencing some trouble recently, it might be worth having a try.18．According to Malhotra, what may be the result of reading exciting books before bed?A．Being awake.B．Being hungry.C．Being tired.D．Being Angry.19．Why are paper books recommended by Dr. Malhotra?A．To advise people to stay up reading.B．To encourage people to love reading.C．To get more money by selling paper books.D．To stop people being influenced by blue lights.20．What does Dr. Malhotra advise people to do when they are trying to finish a book but are having a hard time staying awake through it?A．Build a big room.B．Lie down to read.C．Put in a brighter light.D．Stop to have some snacks.21．Which can be the best title for the text?A．Read for Fun B．Read to Sleep C．Sleeping Habits D．Sleeping Problems（2023 北京房山统考二模）Yawning is something we all do — maybe because we’re bored carrying out uninteresting tasks or because we’re tired. Sometimes, just seeing another people yawn can cause you to yawn. But is yawning really contagious (传染的), and why do we do it in the first place?Many of us think we open our mouths when we yawn to take in more oxygen (氧气),but in fact it appears there is no clear reason. According to BBC Bitesize, new research suggestsit might be because yawning cools the brain down and prevents it from overheating, much likethe fan in your computer. This might be why we’re more likely to feel sleepy and yawn in warmtemperatures.What is clear is that we yawn more when we’re very tired and ready for a short sleep, and we can’t control when we do it — once we start, there’s no stopping us! But it’s also true that yawning is a very contagious behaviour. John Drury, a researcher from Sussex University, told the BBC, “Yawning is something that you can’t stop. Dogs yawn when their owners yawn. Animals yawn at each other. It happens whether you want to or not.”His research into this behaviour found that there is a connection with our social group and how close we are to the people in it. If we identify with (认同) the person who yawns, we are likely to copy it too.Another research by the University of Nottingham in 2017 found similar results. They asked volunteers to watch other people yawn. They found their ability to prevent yawning when others around them yawned was limited. And the desire (渴望) to yawn was increased when people were told they couldn’t. They also found, when using electrical stimulation (刺激), that they were able to increase people’s desire to yawn. These findings, they say, could be useful because it could help treat other conditions like Tourette’s (儿童抽动症), which involve the same area of the brain.What is certain is that the act of yawning can happen at any time even when we think we’re not tired — but, I hope, not when you’re reading this article!22. According to BBC Bitesize, the reason why we yawn might be________ .A. our brains need to exerciseB. we have to breathe more oxygenC our brains need to be cooled downD. we are not used to warm temperatures23. What can we learn from the research by the University of Nottingham?A .The use of electrical stimulation can help control the strong wish to yawn.B. People can keep themselves from yawning when they are told not to do it.C. People are more likely to yawn when someone around them yawns.D. The findings of the research can be used to prevent some diseases.24. What is the passage mainly about?A. The process of yawning.B. The reasons for yawning.C. The use of findings about yawning.D. The development of studying yawning.n a foreign language and experience different cultures.（2023 北京房山统考二模）Separate Boys and Girls at SchoolJack White is a 17-year-old student who has already published a collection of poetry with a local publisher. Jack believes switching (转换) to an all-boys school changed his life.“When I was at my coed (男女同校的) school, poetry was for girls, not boys. Boys were supposed to like subjects like math, computers, and science. When I wrote poems, the boys at school used to make fun of me. At my new school, things are different.Jack may not realize that boys and girls also learn and think differently based on specific (特有的) biological developments. These differences have an effect on how and when boys and girls learn, so single-sex (单性别的) education is actually better for children.Take, for example, brain development. The areas of the brain involved in language, feelings, physical coordination (协调), and social relationships develop in a different order and speed in girls and boys. Teenage girls find it easier to answer the question, “How does the story make you feel?” than teenage boys. Research has shown that teenage girls’ brains develop the connections between language and emotions earlier than boys’ brains. A teenage boy will have more difficulty answering that question because his brain has not fully developed that connection yet. In a single-sex classroom, everyone’s brain is developing at similar speeds, so teachers can teach according to their students’ actual abilities.Boys and girls also have different hearing abilities. Girls have a sense of hearing which is two to four times better than boys. Women teachers often speak more quietly, so boys may have more difficulty hearing a woman teacher if she is talking in her “normal” voice. The teacher needs to speak louder to get the boys’ attention. In a single-sex school, teachers do not have to keep adjusting the volume of their voice.Jack might not notice the biological arguments why single-sex education is better, but he realizes that he is learning faster at his new school. As Jack says, “I hated writing and studying English in my old coed school, but look at me now, I am a published poet! My new school helped me become comfortable with who I really am.”25. What can we learn from the passage?A. Girls usually have less opportunities to talk in class in a coed school.B. Jack was laughed at by other boys because he was not good at poetry.C. The part of the brain that understands our emotions grows slower in boys.26. What will probably happen in a single-sex school?A. Students will learn and make progress at the same speed.B. Teachers will give lessons based on their students’ abilities.C. Students will be expected to learn poetry as a main subject.D. Teachers will ask more questions involved in students’ emotions.27. The words “adjusting the volume” in Paragraph 5 probably mean “________”.A. changing the loudnessB. increasing the clearnessC. lowering the levelD. controlling the speed28. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?A. To explain why single-sex education is better.B. To show how a boy became a published poet.C. To compare how boys and girls think differently.D. To discuss the problem of writing poems at school.（2023 北京昌平统考二模）While many people see chores as necessary pains, there are science-based reasons to change your thoughts about chores. It turns out that doing chores is not always in the ways that you might think.As researchers state here in a study, doing tasks which don’t need a lot of effort allows the mind to float around where it will. Your mind gets a break and allows you to consider old problems with new eyes. In fact, effortless tasks create more great ideas than difficult tasks or just resting. So, doing chores can lead to creative problem-solving.Chores are exercise snacks for health. The phrase “exercise snacks” refers to small, even tiny, pieces of physical activity, such as standing for a few minutes after sitting for a while ,taking a two-minute walk, or doing a chore like sweeping up the kitchen. Researchers have studied the effects of exercise snacks ranging（范围）from 30 seconds, like walking up a flight of stairs, to 10 minutes, like washing dishes. Some of the health effects include improved memory, reduced risk of some serious diseases, and longer life.Chores are related to our mental (心理的) health. Completing chores increases your sense of self-efficacy, known as a person’s belief that they have the ability and skills to reach their goals. Self-efficacy, which was first developed by Professor Albert Bandura in the 1970s, has been shown to increase confidence, low self-efficacy is connected with worries, sadness and hopelessness, while higher self-efficacy is connected with life satisfaction, self-confidence, social connection and growth mindset (思维).Doing chores can reduce stress. A small study from Florida State University explored whether the chore of dish washing could reduce stress. Using a group of 51 students, they discovered that dishwashers who were asked to be mindful when washing dishes focusing on the smell of the soap, the warmth of the water. and the feel of the dishes—reported a decrease in nervousness by 27 percent and an increase in mental inspiration by 25 percent. Chores that reduce the mess can also reduce stress.So if you’ve been thinking about cleaning out that junk drawer, do it. You’ll receive more.29. The writer may agree that we can ________ by doing chores.A. get less socialB. live a better lifeC. become more inventiveD. change ways of exercises30. What can we learn from the passage?A. We need to eat snacks after sweeping up the kitchen.B. We can get a sense of achievement by doing chores.C. Using the soap when washing dishes increases efficacy.D. Doing chores every day decreases the creative thinking.31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. The Course of Doing ChoresB. The Benefits of Doing ChoresC. The Methods for Doing ChoresD. The Science about Doing Chores（2023 北京昌平统考二模）Life can be wonderful, but in reality, it isn’t always so, no matter how hard you try. Some good things may happen completely by chance, but it mostly depends on the effort you put in. And what about bad things? The fact of living means you’ll go through hard times, you won’t always get what you want, and you’ll need resilience to get through it.Resilience is the ability to adapt (适应) to difficult conditions in a positive way. Resilient people are those who can become stronger by dealing with adversity. But resilience is more than just “seeing the good side of things”. It involves, among other things, being able to effectively control our emotions. This will allow you to face and overcome difficult situations. Another great thing about resilience is that you’re not born with a limited ability for it. Instead it develops throughout your life as you interact with your environment.To improve your resilience, you need to know which factors (因素) influence it, both personal and environmental. That way, you can work on each factor and learn how to adapt to adversity in a positive way.First of all, you have to accept what has happened. Obviously, this doesn’t just happen immediately after an unlucky event. It’s a step-by-step process that comes with time and often, the help of an experienced expert.Next, it’s important to be able to see the good side of the situation. In other words, be positive—just don’t forget to be realistic. You shouldn’t just focus on the negative things and forget about the positive, but you also shouldn’t raise the positive to an impossible level.Lastly, having a sense of humor can help to improve your resilience hugely. Being able to laugh at yourself or the situation is a worthwhile tool that helps you adapt to different adversities.On top of personal factors, there are also environmental factors that influence your ability to improve your resilience. When you’re going through a difficult situation, having specialized help can speed up the process of adaptation. Your social support system makes a difference as well. Being able to depend on your family, partners, and friends is an invaluable resource.It’s important to keep all these factors in mind when you’re presented with difficult conditions. It’s normal to struggle (挣扎) at first, but nobody is born knowing how to adapt. The key is to know which tools to use to improve your resilience and grow from everything you’ve been through. As a result, you can get up again when you fall!32. You most probably need resilience whenA. you get the chance to perform in a school playB. you come back from a trip with your classmatesC. you receive a postcard from your sister in the UKD. you try to make up for your mistake in a soccer game33. The underlined word “adversity” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”.A. unimportant mattersB. powerful emotionsC. unpleasant situationsD. different relationships34. What can we learn from the passage?A. Controlling our emotions is required to go through difficult times.B. Specialized help is a lasting resource for our family and friends.C. Being positive lets us focus on the good side and forget the bad side.D. Laughing at ourselves enables us to improve the sense of humor hugely.35. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?A. To encourage us to improve resilience by using proper tools.B. To compare personal and environmental factors of resilience.C. To tell the meaning of resilience and is influence on teenagers.D. To show us some possibilities created by improving resilience.。

Xicheng 2moIf I could go back in timeOne of the most popular topics in the history of science fiction has been the idea of time travel.When I was a child, I often dreamed about a time machine that would allow me to “save” ce my life, so that in case I failed to do something, I could always “load” my life from a checkpoint. As I g my life experiences gradually became more diverse (多样的). In many situations, I had no idea how to act properly,what decisions to make, what path to follow; ______ (14), I made mistakes. While many of my actions back thenturned out for the good in the future, some mistakes provided many painful moments for me and people around me.Mistakes are certain to happen, but they allow us to learn, ______ (15) ourselves, and drive us to change for thebetter—and still sometimes I would like to jump into a time machine, go back a couple of years ago, and make______ (16).Would I try to make other people act in a different way? I think no. I would rather ______ (17) myself about theawaiting consequences (后果) of my most careless decisions. I would talk to a long-haired teen holding his first cigarette and tell him: “Don’t do that.” So many warnings I would give to myself that sometimes I think: was it reallyme who did this and that?Having a time machine would make life easier. Perhaps, it is true. But what I think more often now is that living without this teaches us responsibility, about oneself, about important people to us, about one des,our ______ (18) make us what we are today. Today I am a person leading a healthy, active lifestyle; I try to live eachday to fullness in order to ______ (19) nothing.If I could go back in time, I would try to make my ______ (20) better. This is what our parents always try to dowhen we are children. But you know what? I am glad that no time machine has been invented.13. A. wiser B. older C. stronger D. richer14. A. naturally B. directly C. suddenly D. luckily15. A. love B. enjoy C. develop D. trust16. A. wishes B. journeys C. decisions D. corrections17. A. warn B. comfort C. advise D. criticize18. A. dreams B. changes C. mistakes D. responsibilities19. A. fear B. cost C. miss D. regret20. A. family B. future C. childhood D. educationCResearch has already suggested that opening a book may help improve brain function and reduce stress. Now, ateam led by Joanna Sikora of the Australian National University is looking into the benefits of growing up around abook-filled environment; the researchers’ new study suggests that homes with libraries can arm children with skil that last well into adulthood.The study looked at data from 160, 000 adults from 31 countries, including the United States, Australia, Turkeyand Chile. Participants (参与者) filled out surveys with the Programme for the International Assessment of Competencies, which measures proficiency (水平) in three areas: literacy (读写能力), numeracy and information communication technology. People, 25 to 65 years old, were asked to tell how many books were in their house whenthey were 16 years old. The research team was interested in this question because home library size can be a goodParticipants were able to choose from a given range of books that includedsign of “book-oriented socialization”.“more than 500”．everything from “10 or less” toThe surveys, which were taken between 2011 and 2015, showed that the average (平均的) number of books in participants’childhood homes was 115, but that number varied widely from country to country. The average librarysize in Norway was 212 books, for example; in Turkey, it was 27. In all, however, it seemed that more books in thehome was linked to higher proficiency in the areas tested by the survey.The effects were most marked when it came to literacy. Growing up with few books in the home resulted inbelow average literacy levels. Being surrounded by 80 books raised the levels to average, and literacy continued toimprove until libraries reached about 350 books, at which point the literacy rates leveled off. The researchers sawsimilar things when it came to numeracy; the effects were not as pronounced with information communication technology tests, but skills did improve with increased numbers of books.So, what does the new study tell us? Take, for example, an adult who grew up with hardly any books in the home,but went on to get a university degree compared to an adult who grew up with a large home library, but only had-wise,nine years of schooling. The study found that both of their literacy levels were almost the same. “S bookish childhood makes up for a good deal of educational advantage,” the study authors write.Further research is needed to decide exactly why exposure to (沉浸在) books in childhood encourages valuableskills later in life, but the study offers further evidence to suggest that reading has a powerful effect on the mind. Andso home library size might be important because, as the researchers note, “children emulate (模仿) parents who read.”27. The second paragraph is mainly about ______.A. what the study found outB. how the study was carried outC. who were invited to the researchD. why the researchers did the study4 probably means “______”．28. The phrase “leveled off” in ParagraphA. backed to averageB. started fallingC. continued to growD. stopped rising29. The example in Paragraph 5 shows ______.A. the disadvantage of having little school educationB. the effect of having a home library in childhoodD. the importance of getting a university degreeC. the necessity of raising people’s literacy level30. What can we learn from the passage?A. The study explained why bookish childhood encouraged valuable skills.B. Adults benefit more from a home library than children.C. Home library size has little to do with numeracy level.D. Parents who love reading benefit children a lot.DRobotic PetsI am going to predict how people are going to be with future technology in their life. I think robotic pets aregoing to be increasingly popular as the technology develops. At least I am going to build what I think is a strong casefor this prediction.From a neurological point of view, I do not see anything in the way to people bonding (纽带) fully with roboticpets. The human brain can attach ( 赋予) emotions to things and respond to emotional signaling. Being alive issimply not required. From how objects move, our brains infer that they are able to act with their own will and purpose. If they move in a way that cannot be explained simply as passive ( 被动的) movement, then they mustbe moving on their own. Therefore, they can connect to the emotional centers in our brains. We either fear them, orlove them, or hunger for them, or whatever. We can respond emotionally with cartoon creatures, with animals, andyes, even with robots. Our brains treat things that act alive as if they are alive — no different.One of the opposite points that people often bring up is that they love the way their pets behave, not just look.This gets to AI, which has been developing at a fast pace. We have AI that can beat world masters in chess and go. Ihave no doubt we can build AI to mimic ( 模仿) the behavior of dogs and cats, if not now then probably within a generation.So we will have no problem fully emotionally bonding with a robotic pet. But this doesn’t m such a pet. One argument against robotic pets is that they will be expensive compared to a live pet — but this is likelynot to be true forever. Living pets need to be fed, and they need at least basic medical care, and they may need to beboarded at times. Also, people spend hundreds of dollars on pets, or thousands of dollars on pure bred species. Robotic pets will finally cost less in total than biological ones.get to the real reason people will prefer robotic pets at last. The possibilities for building in useful But let’stechnology are endless. An advanced robotic pet could also serve as a defensive and alarm system. You could recharge your cell phone off their batteries. They could be a walking cell phone. They would be excellent companionsfor the elder, affording them more independence for longer. This in itself would be a huge cost saving — anything that keeps people out of a nursing home is cost effective.Imagination is really the only limitation, once you have the basics of a working robot. When the technology crosses a certain limit, this will be a thing. Future generations may consider keeping a living animal in your home as primitive (原始的) and cruel. They may have a point.31. Why can we bond fully with robotic pets?A. They can respond to our reactions.B. They can move actively and freely.C. Our brains can treat things differently.D. Our brains can attach emotions to them.32. According to the passage, we know that ______.A. robotic pets will be cost effective in the futureB. present AI can mimic all the behaviors of live petsC. the elder prefer to have robotic pets as companionsD. the young think it primitive and cruel to keep live pets33. The writer probably agrees that ______.A. live pets will serve us betterB. it is easier to keep live pets at homeC. technology ensures robotic pets a bright futureD. imagination limits the development of robotic pets。

中考英语阅读冲刺练习及答案中考英语阅读冲刺练习1：In general，laws for children are a good thing.One hundred years ago in industrial countries, children worked 18 hours a day in a factory at age seven. The factory owner could beat a child who fell asleep or was not fast enough. Both parents and teachers could do the same.Today, there are many laws about children all over the world. Some people think children must obey rules or they should be punished，others do not agree. The Inuits or Eskimos in Alaskaalmost never punish their children. The parents dont hit them. If the children go too far，the parents punish them by making fun of them.Children in other parts of the world are not as lucky as Eskimo children. American parents can spank(打……臀部) their children at home，but a teacher cannot hit a child in a public school. This is also true inGermany. In contrast(对比), it is against the law for anyone to hit a child in Sweden. Swedish parents cannot spank their children. The children also have a special government official who works for their rights. There is even a plan for children to divorce from their parents though this is not a law yet!根据短文内容回答下列各问题。

北京2020中考英语阅读理解（十）专题十八阅读理解第10讲阅读理解解题方法指导1. 掌握北京中考阅读理解CD篇的命题规律；2. 掌握北京中考阅读理解CD篇的解题方法；3. 掌握北京中考阅读理解CD篇的高频词。

北京中考阅读理解CD篇命题规律总结阅读理解能力的培养是中学英语学习的一项重要任务，也是中考的一项重要内容。

中考阅读理解主要考察学生的语篇阅读能力、分析和判断能力。

要求学生能较快地通过阅读理解短文大意，获取其中的主要信息，能做出正确判断，然后根据试题的要求从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。

近年来逐渐显现出文章易懂，但选题较难的趋势，要求阅读速度为每分钟约40-50词。

北京中考阅读理解CD篇的阅读材料的选取一般遵循三个原则：1. 阅读量约在350-450字之间；2. 题材广泛，包括日常生活类、人生百味类、科普环保类、教育类和社会现象类等；3. 体裁多样，以议论文和说明文为主。

北京中考阅读理解CD篇考察的主要内容是：1. 考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力；2. 考查依据短文内容和考生应有的常识进行推理和判断的能力；3. 考查根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力；4. 考查推断作者意图和态度的能力；5. 考查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力。

建议：平时阅读理解要加强科普类、议论类文章的阅读，做题方法不要只停留在机械寻找信息上，注重文章写作结构、主旨大意、观点态度的理解上，阅读英文原著，不要局限于中考试题。

北京中考阅读理解CD篇解题方法指导一、阅读理解解题步骤二、阅读理解解题技巧北京中考阅读理解CD篇分类练习日常生活类（北京中考C篇）Are You Right Handed or Left Handed?Which hand do you use when write? About 8 to 15 percent of people are left handed. They often have to use tools that are designed for right-handed people. So it is difficult for left-handers to use most tools. If you are right handed, try this experiment: Take a knife with your left hand and try cutting a potato into pieces. Don’t be surprised if you feel awkward（别扭的）.In the past, people thought it was strange to use the left hand. Young students looked down upon their left-handed classmates. Some children were even punished for using their left hand to write. But these days parents and teachers have acceptedthat. In almost every school in the world, left-handed students can use their left hand to write.What causes people to be left handed or right handed? Experts have searched long and hard on this. They conclude（得出结论） that left-handed people are left handed for the same reason that right-handed people are right handed. One out of every ten people just is a left-handed people are right handed. One out of every ten people just is a left-hander. It’s simply like the color of our eyes – some people have brown eyes, while some others have black eyes.However, may researchers think that left-handers and right-handers are different in some aspects. Right-handers are more talkative and outgoing than left-handers. Many right-handed people understand spoken words better. For example, after they listen to directions to a supermarket, they can find it easily. Right-handers are good at organizing people, too. They are also better basketball guards. Just ask Yao Ming.Research shows that left-handers are creative and artistic. Many famous performers, like Jim Carrey and Paul McCartney, are left handed. Many left-handers learn better visually（在视觉方面）. In art, both Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo were left handed. In music, Ludwig van Beethoven was left handed. In science, you find Newton and Einstein. The left-handed people are also really good at tennis and other single sports.If you prefer one hand, but you are still good at writing with the other, you are mixed. Research shows mixed-handers can remember everyday things better than other people. What did you eat for lunch two weeks ago? If you’re mixed handed, you can probably remember.1. If right-handers cut up potatoes with their left hand, they will .A. get hurtB. give up cuttingC. feel awkwardD. change their tools2. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. Causes of being left handed.B. Encouragement to left-handersC. Punishment for using the left hand.D. Changes in opinions on left-handers.3. According to the passage, right-handers .A. learn better visuallyB. are good organizersC. are better at single sportsD. give clear directions to others4. From the passage, we can learn that left-handers .A. may be more talkative and outgoingB. are ordinary people like right-handersC. might remember everyday things betterD. no longer need to use right-handed tools北京中考D篇Should Children Be Allowed to Get Bored?Children need time to stand and stare. They should be allowed to get bored to that they can develop their ability to be creative.Children are expected by their parents to be reading a textbook all the time. However, research shows that it may hamper the development of their imagination, while boredom can give them opportunities to develop creativity.Boredom is often linked with loneliness, but a writer named Meera Syal said boredom had helped her in developing her mind. She told researchers about her childhood. Having few things to do, Syal often talked with her neighbors. She also tried to do things like learning to bake cakes. “But importantly, I Thought and wrote a lot, because I was bored,” Syal said. She kept a diary, filling her time with short stories and poems she made up.Grayson Perry, an artist, grew up in a family with little money. He enjoyed himself by making up stories, drawing pictures for his stories and reading many books in the library. Bored but free, he spent hours looking out of the window, watching the changing clouds and seasons. Perry filled up his free time with what he liked. He became creative, because he could think freely.Dr. Belton is an expert on the effects of emotions on learning. “Boredom could be an uncomfortable feeling,” she said. “But some young people cannot deal with that boredom creatively. So sometimes they may break a classroom window, or drive a car out for a mad race.”Usually, when children have nothing to do, they would turn on the TV, the computer,or the phone. Their time on these things has increased, yet they need to have time to think about their experiences through play or just watching the world around them.It is this kind of thinking that can inspire the imagination. On the other hand, the TV or phone may cut short the thinking process. That can be harmful to the development of creativ ity. “For developing the ability to be creative,” Dr. Belton advised, “perhaps we need to stand and stare, and stay off-line from time to time.”1. What does the word “hamper” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Slow down.B. Keep up with.C. Go beyond.D. Give rise to.2. The writer talks about Syal and Perry to .A. stress the great differences between themB. introduce a popular writer and a famous artistC. suggest good ways of going through boredomD. show effects of boredom on developing creativity3. What can we learn from the passage?A. Boredom provides children with space to think freely.B. It’s much better for children to be busy than be bored.C. Boredom helps children deal with difficulties properly.D. It’s boring for children to th ink about their experiences.北京东城一模C篇Wonder is a book about a ten-year-old boy called August, or Auggie, who feels normal but looks very different.Wha t’s Wonder about?Auggie lives with his parents and sister in New York. He is a normal boy in many ways. He rides a bike and likes playing with his Xbox. But Auggie has deformities(畸形）of the face and looks very different from other children. At the start of the book, he tells us "My name is August. I won't describe what I look like. Whatever you're thinking, i t’s probably worse. " In the street, people look at Auggie and are frightened.Auggie has never been to school because he has spent a lot of time in hospital. His mother teaches him at home. But now he’s ten, she thinks he should go to school.At first, Auggie doesn’t want to go. He worries that other students will look at him and say terrible things. But when he visits a school with his mum, he likes the head teacher and decides to go. Auggie’s first year at school has good times and bad times. He makes some good friends but other children are rude to him. At the end of the year, Auggie goes on a school trip and a frightening event there changes things completely.Is it a good book?Wonder is an excellent book, It tells an exciting story that makes you feel many different emotions. It is easy to like Auggie. He has a good sense of humour, so the book has a good mix of funny and sad moments. But the book isn’t just about Auggie. We also learn what life for his sister, and his friend, Jack. Wonder is popular with people of all ages. Pre-teens, teenagers and adults all love the book.A bestsellerWonder is RJ Palacio’s first book. On her website, she explains that she had the idea for Wonder after seeing a girl with deformities on the street one day. Many schools use the book to start discussions about bullying, friendship and being different. The book is very popular and has won prizes. Many people are looking forward to seeing what RJ Palacio writes next.1. How is Auggie different from other boys?A. His name is special.B. His face shape is not normal.C. He doesn’t go to school.D. He likes playing with his Xbox.2. Why doesn’t Auggie want to go to school at first?A. Because he has to stay in hospital.B. Because his mother teaches better than teachers.C. Because he doesn’t think he should go to school.D. Because he is afraid other students may make fun of him.3. What can we know about the book?A. It tells the story of a real family.B. Many schools use it to educate students.C. Adults like the book more than children.D. The emotions of the story are hard to understand.北京西城一模C篇As kids, we learn how to write, maybe play a musical instrument and draw. So why don’t we learn to code(编码) computer programs too? What coding has in common with writing, playing music and creating art is that it lets you bring your ideas to life. Coding is all about creativity and that’s why I love it.Creating with codeCoder Dojo helps young people around the world to learn computer programming for free. When I went to my first Coder Dojo class in Dublin City University in Ireland, at age nine, I didn’t know anything about coding or even what it was. But I remember making my very first web page that first day, and being surprised that I could create such a thing. It was a great feeling that I think every young person should experience!By going to Coder Dojo every week, I learned how to make websites, apps and games. One of my apps is called Auto-Journalist. It can help journalists(记者) and interviewees do interviews even if they are both really busy or live in different time zones. It is still in development, and I have showed it at all event called Coolest Projects Awards, where young people get to show the public what they have created with code. It’s so muc h fun to share one’s creations, and to see what everyone else has made too.Learning environmentFor the past three years I have also been helping to teach other young people at Coder Dojo DCU. In recent years I have also noticed many more girls attending Coder Dojo DCU to try out coding. This has a lot to do with the Coder Dojo girls’ classes—girls and young women take part in it with their friends，and it doesn’t feel like coding is a “boy thing”. It is really wonderful to see this, because we need more girls and women in STEM(Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths). It’s a good way to learn more about technology.Start earlyOne of the main things I have learned in the last few years is that coding is not only for adults, coding is for young people, too. And when you are a child it is a great time to start coding, because your imagination is the limit for what you can create!Want to learn more? Find out if there is a Coder Dojo near you at www. Coder dojo. com or set one up yourself! Also check out Code. org which has lots of fundrag-and-drop coding games.1. In the writer’s first coding class, she _______.A. made apps and gamesB. created a web pageC. wrote for newspapersD. did some interviews2. Why do more girls begin to learn coding?A. There are coding classes for girls.B. Girls want to learn a “boy thing”.C. There are more girls in STEM.D. Girls can meet cool boys there.3. What does the writer think of coding?A. It is better than playing music.B. It limits children’s imagination.C. It stops people from learning fast.D. It helps children with their creativity.4. What is probably the best title for this passage?A. Start Coding as Early as PossibleB. Come for Fun in Coder Dojo ClassC. Kids Should Have Chances to Learn to CodeD. STEM IS Calling for More Girls and Women北京海淀一模D篇Living next to next is the principle (原则) of a neighbor. Good neighborliness is the ideal to be aimed at. As the saying goes, no man is an island; he has to live with his neighbors. To make life easy and pleasant, he must cooperate with his neighbors.Whether one likes it or not, one cannot do without neighbors. Normally one may think he can do without neighbors because he can manage all comforts and services, so the services or the need for a friend may not happen. However, the sympathy (同情), admiration and appreciation which a neighbor may offer will have a great humanizing influence. To share one’s view and sometimes even sadness, one needs some neighbors.But all neighbors are not always keeping the friendly relationship. Stressesand tension (紧张) develop because of misunderstanding. Very often children may be the cause for tense feelings. The neighbor’s son may pick a flower or a fruit from your garden and an argument may follow. Again he may throw his ball at your window breaking it. These are common cases so far as the younger one is concerned but it is for the elders to view them with calmness and make up for it. This may read easy on paper but not so in real life. But being broad minded, one must be able to tolerate (容忍). Another reason for tension may be the animals. Your neighbor’s dog may be a real trouble or his chickens would come into your garden and eat away your plants.In all these cases to keep up good neighborliness, some understanding between the neighbors is important. Small differences can be easily patched up or worked out. Try to be friendly and the problem will not be difficult to solve. Care can at times play a good part and help the neighbors in a small or big way. Nobody is perfect and it is better not to speak ill of your neighbors. A cheerful word, a nod or a small talk will strengthen the feeling of good neighborliness.Neighborliness is not only for people but it is also largely important between neighboring countries. History has got a lot to teach on this. Unless countries learn to live as good neighbors, there cannot be peace on earth. So children must be taught at home and in the school to cooperate with the neighbors and be friendly with them. The basic rule is to give and take and to develop a sense that the other man has as much right as you do, and some degree of tolerance is very necessary.1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. One is often needed by his family.B. No one likes to be alone on an island.C. Everyone has to live with his neighbors.D. Everyone lives an easy and pleasant life.2. Which of the following may cause misunderstanding?A. Hobbies and habits.B. Children and pets.C. Sports and games.D. Likes and dislikes.3.What does the sentence “Small differences can be easily patched up or worked out.” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Praising others can help to be good neighbors.B. Unimportant disagreement can be easily solved.C. One can easily make good use of small arguments.D. Nobody can be perfect enough to speak ill of others.4. In the passage, the writer tries to ____.A. show the important of getting on with neighborsB. teach the basic rules of behaving well at homeC. explain the reasons of learning teamworkD. introduce ways of being a better person北京朝阳一模D篇Eating TogetherAfter my mother passed away and my brother went to study in New Zealand, the first thing that really felt different was the dinner table. My father and I began eating separately. We went out to dinners with our friends or just ate sandwiches in front of our computers. Then, a few weeks before I was set to leave for university, my father walked downstairs. “You know, I think we should start eating together even if it’s just you and me,” he said. “Your mother would have wanted that.”It wasn’t perfect—the meals we made weren’t amazing and we missed Mom and my brother. But there was something special about setting aside time to be with my father. It was a comfortable moment to get away from busy days：an excuse to talk, to think about the day, and recent events. Eating together was a small act, and it needed very little of us—and yet it was surely one of the happiest parts of my day.Sadly, Americans hardly eat together anymore. In fact, most American families report eating a single meal together less than five days a week. It’s a pity that so many Americans are missing out on the meaningful time with their loved ones, and it’s even more than that. Not eating together also has negative (消极的）effects both physically and psychologically (心理上地）.Children who do not eat dinner with their parents at least twice a week were 40% more likely to be overweight compared to those who do. And students who do not eat with their parents are more likely to be truant at school .Just the opposite, children who do eat dinner with their parents five or more days a week are less likely to run away from school without reason. They also report being closer with their parents than children who eat dinner with their parents less often, according to a study conducted by the National Center at Columbia University.Then how do we eat better, not just from a nutritional perspective (营养角度),butfrom a psychological one as well?Perhaps seeing eating together as an opportunity to get away with stress, a chance to catch up with those whom we love could help our children do better in school, get in better shape, and be less likely to have problems. Eating together also leads children to report better relationships with their parents and surely relationships between adults can similarly benefit.So try eating together, and you’ll find it’s totally worth it.1.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A. Most Americans share meaningful time with their loved ones.B. The writer likes going out to eat sandwiches with friends and parents.C. Eating together with parents is a big event and needs lots of preparation.D. Children who don't eat dinner with parents are more likely to be overweight.2.The underlined part “be truant at school” probably means “________”.A. be absent from schoolB. be pleased at schoolC. be present at schoolD. be disappointed in school3.The writer probably agrees thatA. eating together doesn’t have good effects on adultsB. it’s important for the young to eat together with parentsC. it’s totally worth spending much money in eating togetherD. people who eat together often are likely to have problems北京东城二模C篇TelecommutingFor most people, a usual workday means waking up, eating breakfast, driving to the office, working for about 8 hours and then driving back home. But not all workers have this experience. Many people work from their homes. This kind of work is called telecommuting or telework. A person who telecommutes is called a telecommuter.People have worked in their homes for thousands of years. But the modern idea of telecommuting started in the early 1970s. Improvements in technology, especially networking technology, helped support the development of telework. As communication technology became cheaper and more powerful, telecommuting became more of a choice for workers.Both companies and individuals（个人）can benefit from telework. One benefit for companies is that it can save money. It can also help improve morale. This isbecause workers who have choices about how they work are often happier. If workers are happier, they are likely to do better jobs. This is good for the company. As for individuals, they can save money by cutting down their transportation costs. They also save time because they do not have to go to the office every day. Depending on how often they work from home, telecommuters can save between 15 and 25 workdays every year.Even though there are many benefits to telework, there are also some disadvantages. Managers are worried about losing control of the workers. If the worker is not in the office, managers don't know what they are doing. Telework can also be bad for a person's working life. Managers are more likely to give a promotion （升职）to workers that they see every day, so telecommuters have less chance of getting promoted than regular workers. As telecommuters often work alone, another bad effect of telecommuting is separation from other people.Telecommuting has a place in the society today. Helped by more powerful technologies, teleworkers of the future will be able to communicate in new and improved ways. This will make telework better and make sure that it will have a more important place in the future.1. What does telecommuting mean?A. Driving to work.B. Working from home.C. Working in an office.D. Working for 8 hours a day.2. What does the underlined word “morale” probably mean?A. Health.B. Abilities.C. Spirits.D. Wealth.3. What's one of the disadvantages of telecommuting?A. It makes a worker unfit and upset.B. It makes a worker uninterested in his job.C. It makes a worker have less chance of promotion.D. It makes a worker have worse control of his time.4. What can we learn from the passage?A. Telework will get improved in the future.B. Telework has a history of hundreds of years.C. Teleworkers work for more days every year.D. Teleworkers are good at communicating with others.北京西城二模C篇Kids Speak UpIn an online poll (投票), TIME FOR KIDS and Kids Health. org asked kids how they are getting along with their parents. Here’s what they told us.Getting Along and Having FunAbout two out of three kids said they get along very well with their parents. About four out of five told us they have fun with their parents. But that doesn’t mean they never disagree. In fact, most kids reported arguing with their parents sometimes.“It’s common to disagree and argue,” says D’Arcy Lyness, a child psychologist (心理学家). “But it’s also important to learn how to do so respectfully.” About half of the kids said they are doing that. When they disagree with their parents, they say they have a discussion calmly.But two out of five kids said arguments always involve shouting at each other. Lyness points out that shouting never helps. “Speak up, and let your parents know your ideas,” she advises. “But be patient. Don’t use a raised, angry voice.”Not surprisingly, three out of four kids admitted (承认) to lying at times. Many said they lie to avoid getting in trouble or disappointing their parents. According to Lyness, lying isn’t just wrong. It can actually get bad results. Telling the truth builds trust. “When parents can trust you, they are more likely to give you more f reedom.” she says.A Changing RelationshipKids ages 12 to 14 not only said they lie more, but they also reported having less fun, feeling less close, and not getting along as well with their parents.According to Lyness, those feelings are not uncommon. As kids grow up, they have more disagreements or arguments with their parents. But it doesn’t have to be that way. “Kids and parents get along differently at different times of the journey of life,” she says. As kids grow and change, it is important for e verybody to adapt (适应). “There’s a dance of ways that you act with others and get along,” she points out. “Then there’s a change, and it’s a different dance.” Change is normal, she stresses.Share this story with your family. You may find that you have a lot to talk about.1. According to the poll, how many kids get along very well with their parents?A. About 4/5.B. About 2/3.C. About 1/2.D.About 2/5.2. What does Lyness advise kids to do when arguments happen?A. Listen to their parents calmly.B. Try to understand their parents.C. Voice their opinions with patience.D. Tell a white lie to avoid problems.3. According to Lyness, which is a possible way for kids to get more freedom?A. To tell the truth.B. To care more about their parents.C. To make less trouble.D. To have a talk with their parents.4. What can we learn from the passage?A. Disagreements between parents and kids are avoidable.B. Kids ages 12 to14 lie more because they have less fun.C. The relationship between parents and kids stays the same.D. Both parents and kids should make changes to get on well.北京西城二模D篇Travelling with your belongs on your back, or backpacking is self-planned budget (预算) touring using low-cost transport, and often going on foot. Backpackers don’t carry suitcases or stay in pricey hotels. Instead, they walk around with backpacks filled with everything they need, ready to sleep under the stars if necessary. With their limited budget, they need to choose lodgings (住宿) and transport based on an old saying — the lower the price, the better.The lure (吸引力) of adventure has made backpacking a popular travel style among young people and students who are seldom owners of fat wallets. They prefer exploring a place by themselves, with only a printed map, or a smart phone on hand.“A package tour may suit a family’s needs, but it’s not my c u p of tea,” says Betty Lam, who went backpacking in New Zealand with three friends last summer. “I want to explore a place according to my choice, my timetable and myself.”Were there any particularly memorable events on the trip?“Once, the train to Auc kland was put off and two of our group were hungry, so they left their backpacks with us and went to a nearby shop to buy something to eat.I still remember the scene with Tammy and me running flat out to catch the train, carrying four huge backpacks. The o ther two were racing behind us as they’d panickedwhen they saw the train getting ready to pull away from the station. I held the train door open while Tammy was shouting. “Quick —jump in!” Susie came in head first with June landing on the top of her like a sack of potatoes! It was so funny!”So was the trip worth all the effort?“Definitely. True, we had a few quarrels (争吵); we have different interests, and it wasn’t easy to please everybody. But we managed to reach a compromise (妥协) every time. Travelling with friends helps you learn about getting on with people and working together. All of us had gained a lot by the end of the holiday — the four of us had become really good buddies.”What should backpackers always carry with them?Betty laughs —“no t too much! Comfortable walking shoes are important. A raincoat is necessary and bring some practical clothes.”So, is that everything to bear in mind?“Well, yes and no, because you can’t prepare enough. You need much information about where you’re goin g to stay, transport, food, etc. Most importantly, you must have insurance (保险) — just in case your money, passport or backpack get stolen, or you get sick. Take time planning and you’ll have fun safely.”1. What do backpackers usually do?A. Stay in pricey hotels.B. Face a lot of dangers.C. Spend much money.D. Choose cheap transport.2. Which of the following statements about Betty is true?A. Betty preferred travelling with her family on holidays.B. The friendship improved as a result of their adventures.C. Only half of Betty’s group caught the train to Auckland.D. Betty toured New Zealand with backpackers she met there.3. What’s the main purpose of the passage?A. To give us some advice on backpacking.B. To tell us about Bett y’s travelling story.C. To introduce a hot travel style, backpacking.D. To encourage us to travel with less money.北京海淀二模C篇For those who haven’t heard of it, the Apple watch is the latest invention from the creators of the iPhone and Apple Mac. As the name suggests, this creation is。

北京2019中考英语阅读理解（七）专题十八 阅读理解第7讲北京西城二模阅读理解CD 篇1. 掌握本篇阅读理解中出现的高频词及长难句。

2. 掌握阅读理解的解题技巧, 并能够指出本篇阅读理解中运用到的解题技巧。

3. 通过阅读理解高频词、长难句等语料的积累, 及阅读理解解题技巧的练习, 灵活应对各种阅读理解题。

C 篇知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊”, 在英语学习的过程中, 语料的积累至关重要。

对于阅读理解高频词和长难句的梳理, 能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。

亲爱的同学, 老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句, 快来看看你掌握了吗？ 高频词（课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。

能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。

）教学目标名师点拨长难句（课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。

能够准确翻译的为优, 模糊翻译的良, 不会翻译的为差。

）1. About two out of three kids said they get along very well with their parents.（优良差）______________________________________________________________________________________________ ___句意：大约三分之二的孩子们说他们与父母相处的很好。

本句中包含着一个由that引导的宾语从句，作said的宾语，that省略。

2. When they disagree with their parents, they say they have a discussion calmly.（优良差）______________________________________________________________________________________________ ___句意：当他们与父母意见不一致的时候，他们说他们进行了冷静地讨论。

中考CD篇冲刺D （房山二模）When you were at school, the last thing you probably wanted to do was spend your weekends going to work. There was homework to do, sport to play and fun to be had. But our parents probably advise us to find a job to make some pocket money and get some life experience. When I was a teenager I had a paper round: delivering newspapers to people's homes. I then turned to a Saturday job in a supermarket: putting the things on the shelves in order and working at the checkout.Today in the UK you are allowed to work from the age of 13, and many children take up part-time jobs. It's a taste of independence. Teenagers agree that it teaches valuable lessons about working with adults and about managing your money. So, that's no bad thing!Some research has shown that not taking on a Saturday or holiday job could be detrimental to a person later. A 2015 study by the UK Commission on Employment and Skills found that employer’s(雇主)organizations criticized young adults because they were ill-prepared for full time work. And they were proved not having taken part-time work at school age. However, a recent report has shown that the number of school children in the UK with a part-time job has fallen by 20% in the past five years.So, does this mean that British teenagers are now more afraid of hard work? Probably not. Some experts feel that young people think going out to work will influence their performance at school, and they are under more pressure now to study hard and get good exam results —and a good job in the long term. However, Geoff Barton, general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, told BBC News that "Proper part-time work is a good way to help young people learn skills that they will need in their working lives." It's all about getting the right balance between doing part-time work and having enough time to study and rest.Many young people actually want to work because it gives them a sense of freedom. One 13-year-old girl called Rachel, who has a Saturday job in a shop, toldthe BBC that "I enjoy my job because I'm making money and it helps my confidence speaking to people and socializing with people I work with." That seems like something worth getting up for on a Saturday morning. Did you do a part-time job when you were at school?30. According to the passage, teenagers probably prefer _________on the weekend.A．doing homework to having fun with friendsB．playing sports outside to doing homework at homeC．h aving fun with their parents to playing sports outsideD．playing sports to delivering newspapers to people's homes31. What does the word “detrimental” in Paragraph3 probably mean?A.Harmful.B. Impossible.C. Important.D. Worthy.32.According to the passage, Geoff Barton probably agrees that _______.A.Teenagers like taking part-time jobs more than full-time jobs.B.doing part-time jobs is more important than studying and resting.C.taking up part-time jobs benefits teenagers’ future working lives.D.teenagers are under more pressure now to study hard and get good grades.33.What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage?A.To call people’s attention to the school childrenB. To criticize school children are out of controlC. To show school children dislike part-time jobsD. To encourage school children to take part-time jobsC （朝阳二模）It turns out that a scientist can see the future by watching four-year-olds with a sweet. The researcher invites the childreninto a simple room. “You can have this sweet right now,” he says.“But if you wait while I go out for a few minutes, you can have two sweets when I get back.” And then he leaves.Some children eat the sweet the moment he’s out the door. Some last a few minutes before they give in. But others make up their mind to wait. They cover their eyes, they put their heads down, they sing to themselves, they try to play games or even fall asleep. When the researcher returns, he gives these children their sweets. And then, science waits for them to grow up.By the time the children reach high school, something unusual has happened. A survey of the children’s parents and teachers found that th ose who as four-year-olds were strong-minded enough to hold out for the second sweet generally grew up to be more popular, adventurous, confident and dependable teenagers. The children who gave in to temptation(诱惑) early on were more likely to be lonely and easily upset.When we think of excellence, we see Einstein—deep-eyed, woolly-haired, a thinking machine. High achievers, we imagine, were born for greatness. But then you have to wonder why, over time, natural talent seems to flower in some, yet disappear in others. This is where the sweets come in. The ability to put off the pleasure of meeting needs is a master skill, a victory of the reasoning brain over the impulsive (冲动的) one. It is a sign, in short, of emotional intelligence. And it doesn’t show up on an IQ test.In his book Emotional Intelligence, Daniel Goleman argues that brain power as measured by IQ actually matters less than qualities of mind like understanding one’s own feelings, empathy（同情）—being sensitive to other people’s feeling—and the ability to manage your own emotions. EQ is not the opposite of IQ. What researchers are trying to understand is how they work to improve each other. Among the ingredients (因素) for success, researchers now generally agree that IQ counts forabout 20%: the rest depends on everything from luck, to social class… and emotional intelligence. In the business world, according to personal executives (主管), IQ gets you a job, but EQ gets you a higher position.27. Some children get two sweets in the research because they ______.A. have a strong mindB. like eating sweetsC. play games togetherD. sing to themselves28. Which of the following doesn’t belong to EQ according to the passage?A. Being able to get a job.B. Understanding one’s own feelings.C. Bein g able to control one’s emotions.D. Understanding the feelings of others.29. What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?A. To introduce the book called Emotional Intelligence.B. To explain the importance of emotional intelligence.C. To share some ways of developing emotional intelligence.D. To share some examples of improving emotional intelligence.D 丰台二模Clara sits at her desk deep in thought. She stares at the math problem in front of her desperately trying to remember how to solve it, but as she sits there her long list of homework plays over in her head, and she becomes overwhelmed. She bites her lip thinking and thinking. Then she hears a song on the radio. As she turns up the music, awave of calm spreads over her body, she closes her eyes and listens to the music. When the song ends, Clara’s eyes open and she turns off the radio. She looks again at the troublesome question and sighs, “I remember how to do this now,” she says to herself. Then she finishes the problem, but this time calmer than before.According to NPR news, 45% of teens say they are stressed by school pressures, such as homework and grades. High school, and all of the honors and AP courses, can stress out teens like Clara to the point of e xhaustion, but it doesn’t have to be this way. Lots of students can use stress relievers to simmer down during their school day. Music can be one of those reliefs.When the body is stressed, it releases cortisol (释放皮质醇), a life sustaining adrenal hormone (肾上腺荷尔蒙) nicknamed “the stress hormone”. By playing music, students stop the flow (流动) of cortisol released from their body, therefore returning to their normal, non-stressed self quicker than someone who didn’t hear or play any music. When returning to this state, teens can think more clearly, with their stress gone.Music does not only calm the stressed mind, it develops creativity, as well as improving math and reading skills. A music class can help students who are stressed and give them an hour of relaxation during their day. This can help high schoolers have a clear mind to concentrate on their schoolwork. Adding music to a teen’s day can help them become less stressed and finally help them with their courses, making a smarter generation.Now, I know you’re thinking, “What about kids who find playing a musical instrument hard or boring? How would taking a music class help them?” Well, even though playing an inst rument doesn’t necessarily help all teens, it is agreed that there are very few teens who do not listen to music. This shows that all students, in their own way, like hearing music throughout their day. The music that they listen to calmsthem and gives them reassurance (保证) that they can make it through their schoolwork. That being said, all schools should have a required hour of ‘relaxation’ time when high schoolers would listen to music, do easy homework, and calm themselves down after their long school day.Music helps kids in their education, providing them with a brighter future and ensuring that they take care of their generation, the generation before them, and the generations to come.30.The words “becomes overwhelmed” in Paragraph 1 probably mean “________”.A. loses confidenceB. feels disappointedC. can not think clearlyD. isn’t sure about the answers31.What can we learn from the passage?A. Music helps students to be more creative.B. Few students can relax themselves at school.C. Adding music to a teen’s day stops them from studying.D. Music speeds up the flow of cortisol released from the body.32.According to Paragraph 5, we know that ________.A. taking a music class is hard and boringB. all teens listen to music in their own wayC. playing an instrument is necessary for all teensD. all schools have a required hour of ‘relaxation’ time33. What is the best title of the passage?A. The Bright Future of MusicB. The Way of Calming DownC. The Calming Power of MusicD. The Way of Solving ProblemsD 2014海淀二模Elephants are social animals. They live withtheir families, give hugs and call each other byusing their trunks (象鼻) as trumpets. They alsomight know how to help each other.In a recent elephant study by researchersfrom the United States and Thailand, pairs of huge animals learned to cooperate (work together) to get some ears of corn. Perhaps the finding is not too surprising: scientists suppose that elephants may be among the smartest animals on the planet.Joshua Plotnik, who worked on the study, told Science News that the animals didn‘t just learn a trick (诀窍). Instead, the ways the elephants behaved show that they understand how working together brings benefits to everyone.To work out whether elephants can cooperate, Plotnik and Frans de Waal, a comparative psychologist at Emory University in Atlanta, built a test. The test was based on one that‘s been used to study the behavior of primates (灵长类动物) for more than 70 years.In the case (案例) of elephants, they were trying to get to some delicious corn sitting on a stage. The rope ran around the stage. Animals received corn treats only if both pulled the rope ends at the same time with their trunks. This cooperation brought the stage close enough for them to reach the corn with their trunks.The scientists studied six elephants at the Thai Elephant Conservation Center in Lampang, Thailand. The elephants worked out how to get the corn, but Plotnik and his co-workers wanted to know if the animals had simply learned a trick, or if they understood some basic ideas about cooperation. So the researchers did more experiments. In one, a single elephant was led to the rope and stood, alone, waiting. The animal waited patiently for more than 25 seconds for another elephant to comealong — the animals seemed to know that sometimes, you have to wait for help to get the job done.Sometimes an elephant waited as long as 45 seconds. ―That‘s a long time for an animal waiting for food,‖ Plotnik told Science News.So far, only elephants and primates have successfully cooperated to master this kind of pull-together test. But that doesn‘t necessarily mean other animals don‘t cooperate. Plotnik says many behaviors in the animal kingdom may be explained by cooperation, but perhaps human scientists don‘t understand the rules. Experiments like the simple pull-together test give scientists a way to begin to learn.56. Which of the following is true about elephants?A. They use their trunks as trumpets for fun.B. They probably know how to help others.C. They play with other animal families.D. They like eating ears of corn best.57. Why does the writer talk about the case of elephants?A. To explain why elephants are among the smartest animals.B. To tell us that elephants are patient enough to get the food.C. To show us how the experiments on elephants were organized.D. To suggest that elephants have some basic ideas of cooperation.58. What can we know from the passage?A. Many animals‘ behaviors are related to cooperation.B. Some scientists have found animals‘ rules of cooperation.C. Moststudies can prove the reason why animals cooperate.D. More experiments are needed to help know about cooperation.59. What might be the best title for the passage?A. Think of ―You‖ in WorkingB. A Way to Begin to LearnC. There‘s No ‘I’ in ElephantD. No Match for Elephant2014-2015九年级期中考试CAre there Harry Porter books in your schooI library? Many kids all over the world are reading J. K. Rowling's books in school. But some parents think their children shouldn't be able to find those and other books in schooI libraries.Should schooI Iibraries keep books that some parents don't approve of? Should they take those books off the shelves?All over the country, schools are trying to find solutions to this problem. Read these arguments. Then decide for yourself.Yes! Some Books Sould Be Banned (禁止) from School Libraries!"We need certain limits (限定)，"said one student. He said some books have no place in school Iibraries.Books should meet certain standards before they are put in schooIs. Is this a good book for kids to read? Is it fuII of violence (暴力)? Does it include bad words or ideas kids shouId not learn about? If a book is not good for all kids, it should not be in a schooI Iibrary.Most parents know what's good for kids. They have a right to decide which books should or should not be in schooI Iibraries. If parents don't have time to find out everything their kids read, they should trust schooIs to do that for them.No! Books Should Not Be Banned from School Libraries!"Parents should decide what their own kids read, "said Natalie Nicol, a student. "But other parents shouldn't make that choice for them. "Many experts say that it's the parents' job, not the schooI's job, to check out what their kids are reading. If they don't Iike a book, they should not let their kids read it.Why should a few parents stop kids from reading stories like the Harry Potter series? Kids should be able to check out books their parents think areOK to read it.Many schooIs Iet kids borrow certain books if they have a signed paper from a parent. That works fine. A parent doesn't sign the paper if he or she doesn't want the child to read the book. Other kids can read the books if they have permission.Some books are not OK for all kids to read. But if more adults were careful about what their own kids read, they wouldn't have to ban books from the library.53. What does the underlined phrase “approve of" mean?A. borrowB. acceptC. knowD. keep54. According to some parents, what should schools do before books are put in schools?A. Set certain standards.B. Learn about the writersC. Do a survey on books.D. Take out the bad words.55. What is the passage mainly about?A. Whether students should read certain books or not.B. Whether some limits should be set on books or not.C. Whether some books should be in schooI libraries or not.D. Whether parents should choose good books for kids or not.D 2014延庆一模In a US study, researchers measured (测量) the happiness of 4739 people over 20 years. The study found that a person’s happiness depends on the happiness of people he connects with. Surprisingly, it also found that happiness spreads not only between direct friends, but also among friends of your friends’friends! And those good feelings seem to have the greatest influence among friends of the same sex (性别).“People with more good friends are less likely to develop depression (情绪低落) and worry,”says Dr. Toupey Luft. “Though you can’t choose your family or workmates, you do have control over friendships.” With a little effort, you can add more positive (正面的,积极的) relationships to your social circle. Here’re the suggestions:“Nobody is all positive or all negative,” says Luft. “But there are people you may feel more positive. Use that as your way to check people and keep records.”When spending time with others, pay attention to your feeling. Are you feeling tired and unhappy？To help you keep records, Luft suggests taking a moment when you get home to write down what your feeling is when around them.While it’s great to gather with positive friends, it’s also good to stay with others in the same life situations. “But if you’re all just complaining (抱怨) and nothing is changing, it’s not healthy,”says Luft. Are your friends negative, or are you doing most of the complaining? Considering the answers to these questions can help you decide if you want to stand in front of them. Or you could let the relationship disappear slowly.Sometimes your hobbies can lead to true friendships. Check out newspapers and websites to find a group or class for something you enjoy. These friends can always be there for you and can care each other through difficulties, illness and death.Not into groups? Look for individual (个人的) communication instead. Luft says,“Set small goals, such as having coffee with one new person, and develop friendship according to a plan. If someone suggests going for lunch sometime, set a date.”“If you’re feeling disappointed (失望) with a friend, try talking about what you both need,” says Luft. For example, tell her what you want during hard times in your lives. While your friend may need to be left alone, you may want caring phone calls. With some friends you laugh and have fun together at the movies—and that can be enough. With others, you pay attention to your deep connection.56. What does your happiness depend on, according to the passage?A. How people you connect with feel.B. How many friends you have.C. What situation you are in now.D. What kind of friends you have.57. What does the first suggestion want us to do?A. To measure our happiness.B. To check people around.C. To join a group for hobbies.D. To leave negative friends.58. Which of the following is true?A. We often have many friends during good times but few during hard times.B. It’s necessary to complain about something but not right to do so for long.C. Joining a group can bring better friendship than making individual friends.D. All the suggestions tell us to add positive relationship to our social circle.59. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means that ______.A. when your friend is sad, you should call her upB. when your friend leaves you, you need comfortC. friends’ needs may be quite different sometimesD. people may behave differently during hard times。

2019年北京初三英语二模分类汇编--阅读理解C、D篇1.2019北京西城区初三二模CResearch has already suggested that opening a book may help improve brain function and reduce stress.Now,a team led by Joanna Sikora of theAustralian National University is looking into thebenefits of growing up around a book-filledenvironment;the researchers’new study suggests thathomes with libraries can arm children with skills thatlast well into adulthood.The study looked at data from160,000adults from 31countries,including the United States,Australia,Turkey and Chile. Participants(参与者)filled out surveys with the Programme for the International Assessment of Competencies,which measures proficiency(水平)in three areas:literacy(读写能力),numeracy and information communication technology.People,25to65years old,were asked to tell how many books were in their house when they were16years old.The research team was interested in this question because home library size can be a good sign of“book-oriented socialization”.Participants were able to choose from a given range of books that included everything from“10or less”to“more than500”.The surveys,which were taken between2011and2015,showed that the average(平均的)number of books in participants’childhood homes was115, but that number varied widely from country to country.The average library size in Norway was212books,for example;in Turkey,it was27.In all, however,it seemed that more books in the home was linked to higher proficiency in the areas tested by the survey.The effects were most marked when it came to literacy.Growing up with few books in the home resulted in below average literacy levels.Being surrounded by80books raised the levels to average,and literacy continued to improve until libraries reached about350books,at which point the literacy rates leveled off.The researchers saw similar things when it came to numeracy;the effects were not as pronounced with information communication technology tests,but skills did improve with increased numbers of books.So,what does the new study tell us?Take,for example,an adult who grew up with hardly any books in the home,but went on to get a university degree compared to an adult who grew up with a large home library,but only had nine years of schooling.The study found that both of their literacy levels were almost the same.“So,literacy-wise,bookish childhood makes up for a good deal of educational advantage,”the study authors write.Further research is needed to decide exactly why exposure to(沉浸在) books in childhood encourages valuable skills later in life,but the study offers further evidence to suggest that reading has a powerful effect on the mind.And so home library size might be important because,as the researchers note,“children emulate(模仿)parents who read.”27.The second paragraph is mainly about______.A.what the study found outB.how the study was carried outC.who were invited to the researchD.why the researchers did the study28.The phrase“leveled off”in Paragraph4probably means“______”.A.backed to averageB.started fallingC.continued to growD.stopped rising29.The example in Paragraph5shows______.A.the disadvantage of having little school educationB.the effect of having a home library in childhoodC.the necessity of raising people’s literacy levelD.the importance of getting a university degree30.What can we learn from the passage?A.The study explained why bookish childhood encouraged valuable skills.B.Adults benefit more from a home library than children.C.Home library size has little to do with numeracy level.D.Parents who love reading benefit children a lot.DRobotic PetsI am going to predict how people are going to be withfuture technology in their life.I think robotic pets are goingto be increasingly popular as the technology develops.At least I am going to build what I think is a strong case for this prediction.From a neurological point of view,I do not see anything in the way to people bonding(纽带)fully with robotic pets.The human brain can attach (赋予)emotions to things and respond to emotional signaling.Being alive is simply not required.From how objects move,our brains infer that they are able to act with their own will and purpose.If they move in a way that cannot be explained simply as passive(被动的)movement,then they must be moving on their own.Therefore,they can connect to the emotional centers in our brains.We either fear them,or love them,or hunger for them,or whatever.We can respond emotionally with cartoon creatures,with animals, and yes,even with robots.Our brains treat things that act alive as if they are alive—no different.One of the opposite points that people often bring up is that they love the way their pets behave,not just look.This gets to AI,which has been developing at a fast pace.We have AI that can beat world masters in chess and go.I have no doubt we can build AI to mimic(模仿)the behavior of dogs and cats,if not now then probably within a generation.So we will have no problem fully emotionally bonding with a robotic pet. But this doesn’t mean we would prefer such a pet.One argument against robotic pets is that they will be expensive compared to a live pet—but this is likely not to be true forever.Living pets need to be fed,and they need at least basic medical care,and they may need to be boarded at times.Also,people spend hundreds of dollars on pets,or thousands of dollars on pure bred species.Robotic pets will finally cost less in total than biological ones.But let’s get to the real reason people will prefer robotic pets at last.The possibilities for building in useful technology are endless.An advanced robotic pet could also serve as a defensive and alarm system.You could recharge your cell phone off their batteries.They could be a walking cell phone.They would be excellent companions for the elder,affording them more independence for longer.This in itself would be a huge cost saving—anything that keeps people out of a nursing home is cost effective.Imagination is really the only limitation,once you have the basics of a working robot.When the technology crosses a certain limit,this will be a thing.Future generations may consider keeping a living animal in your home as primitive(原始的)and cruel.They may have a point.31.Why can we bond fully with robotic pets?A.They can respond to our reactions.B.They can move actively and freely.C.Our brains can treat things differently.D.Our brains can attach emotions to them.32.According to the passage,we know that______.A.robotic pets will be cost effective in the futureB.present AI can mimic all the behaviors of live petsC.the elder prefer to have robotic pets as companionsD.the young think it primitive and cruel to keep live pets33.The writer probably agrees that______.A.live pets will serve us betterB.it is easier to keep live pets at homeC.technology ensures robotic pets a bright futureD.imagination limits the development of robotic pets2.2019北京丰台区初三二模CThe Palace Museum has always been a must-see for Chinese and foreign tourists,which is the cultural treasure of China.Since 2018,more than 80percent of the Forbidden City has been opened to the public and the number of tourists increased rapidly andreached to 1.7million.In recent years,the Palace Museum has drawn more and more people’s attention by its fresh new events.From new media tools to the creative cultural products,from grand activities to attractive TV shows,the Palace Museum has achieved amazing success.To keep pace with the times,the old palace is updating (更新)in many fashionable ways.Since 2014,to deliver the image of ―A Warm Forbidden City to the public,new media tools of the Palace Museum have changed a lot.Its Weibo keeps showing the palace’s charm (魅力)by posting its beautiful photos of four seasons and lovely cats.From the coldness of history to the style of common touch,the image undoubtedly won more favors.Museum–themed products,such as tapes,fans,notebooks and lipsticks,are designed in fashionable ways.They often cause a buzz on Chinese social networks.The sales approached (接近)CNY 1.5billion in 2017.―These creations provide a new view for understanding the palace and traditional culture,said a user on Weibo.The increased income,without raising the ticket price,also made it possible for the Palace Museum to hold 60,000educational activities in 2018.The light festival is another idea.It was the first time the Palace Museum was lit up at night and opened to the public for the Lantern Festival.The light show,which provided audiencewith full sensory (感官的)experiences,has wowed the crowd.Therefore,people have a new choice tocelebrate the Lantern Festival besides watching the Gala Show on TV at home.For those who have been to the museum before,a TV show about the Forbidden City evokes (唤起)their interests in visiting it again.As an audience said,―Shang Xin Le Gu Gong makes me realize that there are always unknown areas to explore in the Forbidden City.In another TV show,The Nation’s Greatest Treasures,nine leading museums come together to introduce the treasures they look after.This has further raised people’s interests in more museums.These TV shows have brought an instant cultural heat and greatly increased the number of visitors in these museums.Nation stays alive when its culture stays alive.Through these ways,the Palace Museum and other museums not only carry forward their own history,but also call on people’s love for traditional culture.After all,it is the memory and symbol of a country’s history and the precious wealth of all mankind.27.The Palace Museum has achieved success in recent years,because it has _____.A.opened the whole area to the publicB.presented tradition in modern waysC.posted advertisements on televisionD.attracted more and more foreigners28.From the passage,we can learn about the Palace Museum that _______.A.its Weibo shows Chinese history in a serious way B.it offers a new choice to enjoy the light show on TV C.its TV shows attract more people to pay a visit again D.it earns more by raising the price of products and tickets 29.What’s the main purpose of the passage?A.To draw people’s attention to value the traditional culture.B.To encourage other museums to develop in the same way.C.To explain reasons why the Palace Museum updates itself.D.To introduce new ways to learn about the Palace Museum.DAre you often in mind-wandering,enjoying the state of having nothing to do,or just standing and staring?Did you dream to get good grades and devote yourself to the tasks for a few days,however,your dream fell to zero as a TV play attracted you some day?Do we need to have a dream?The founder of Wal-Mart,Sam Walton, says high expectation is the key to everything.The important thing in life is to have a great aim and the determination to achieve it,J.W.Goethe,the famous German poet and dramatist says.Successful people suggest that those who believe in the beauty of their dreams tend to have more self-motivation (自我激励)to keep on trying and enjoying the beauty of life.Thomas Edison dreamed to light the world by the power of electricity. He tried over2,000different materials before he was able to create a market light bulb.It’s hard for many of us to imagine spending so much time and energy in exploring a possibility,which is most likely to come to a dead end but for Edison,who sticked to his dream,it was just an enjoyable process.As Edison says,the most certain way to succeed is always to try just one more time.Helena,a17-year-old girl,dreamed to build the magnificent sculpture (雕塑)in the world.She devoted herself to observing faces around her and making sculptures.She was woken up by her dream every morning rather than her alarm clock.She said she became passionate(有热情的)out of her dream,which kept her going through any difficulties and found pleasure in it.You can benefit a lot from your dream,but do you know the behavior that is necessary to fulfill your dream?You have a dream and you truthfully want good grades.However,you can’t help playing on the smart phone and let go your homework.Or you rush through it so that you can get back to the smart phone.This is the case when the present-desire to play on your smart phone beats the will to reach the future goal,which is called immediate gratification.If you always behave like this,you may lose the chance to meet with your dream.Your dream can inspire you.It can give you motivation to work hard.It helps you to focus on a path so that you are moving forward.Meanwhile,you need to set a long-term goa l and work for it.The key to dream is concentrating on small wins,which gradually lead to genuine confidence. You will enjoy the whole process of realizing your dream a s well a s involving yourself into the passion of the coming life.30.The writer talks about Helena and Edison to_____.A.suggest good ways of realizing your dreamB.show effects of dream on self-motivationC.stress the great differences between themD.share the experiences of their success31.The expression“immediate gratification”in Paragraph5probably means___.A.enjoying pleasures here and nowB.following dreams without delayC.becoming creative in a flashD.avoiding failure all the time32.According to the passage,the writer may agree that_____.A.it’s necessary for you to deal with difficulties quicklyB.it’s better for you to work hard than to have passionC.setting big goals will make differences for your lifeD.having your dream can help you take things light33.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Keep Calm and Dream OnB.Dream Bigger,Think DeeperC.Dream a Dream and Step by StepD.Follow Your Heart,Live Your Dream3.2019北京昌平区初三二模CThe biggest influence that technology has on family time is the change of it.People used to spend more time with their family members before. Nowadays,with children(and the parents,too)spending more time texting, watching movies and television,playing video games,and listening to music, when will the family find time to bond(培养感情)and create lasting memories together?Far too often we don’t pay more attention to making time for members of our own family.By the end of a long day at work or school,members of the family want to relax.And now that technology use is widespread across the country,normally our“relaxing”is also known as spending time on smart phones.Not only is the amount of family time affected(影响)by technology, but also the quality.Technology can affect the quality in different ways.For example,family members can be distracted(使分心)by their phones while trying to play a board game together,which wouldn't have happened if the phone didn’t exist in the first place.If“family time”means everyone sitting in the same room while playing online,what value is there?Personal interaction is key to time well spent with loved ones.Families don’t even need to have something to do while together.If they simply ask each other how their day is and play a simple game together,family bonds will get better.When technology becomes a focus,quality(有质量的)time for families goes down,which in turn affects everyone’s ck of family interaction causes the family’s unity to weaken,and each of the family will be influenced in different ways.Children are more likely to develop unhealthy habits when they fail to interact with their parents.Meanwhile,parents who put work before family or pay less attention to their children’s growth are more likely to face bad parent-child relationship.67percent of American teens say they want to spend more time with their parents,which is rather sad. Therefore,this passage is meant to show how technology has negatively influenced families.27.According to Paragraph3,we can know that technology__________.A.makes us put work before familyB.affects the quality of family timeC.brings us convenience and happinessD.affects the family time in the same way28.What’s Paragraph4mainly about?A.Simple games are helpful for family bonds.B.Families don’t need to do anything together.C.Personal interaction is important for family time.D.Staying in the same room is necessary for family.29.What’s the writer’s attitude towards the technology influence?A.Puzzled.B.Worried.C.Surprised.D.Satisfied.DWhen I was in school,our classes were always divided into smaller groups for reading guidance.These reading groups were named after animals. The high-achieving readers were known as the birds,and the kids with the most difficulty were the mice.I was a bird,and my best friend Bobby was amouse.I can still remember how uncomfortable itwas to hear Bobby read sentences out and hecould only read several words in the sentence.This is how we usually think of a reading“problem”—the inability to decode symbols(解码)and change them into spoken language.Kids with this problem are hard to miss.But there may be many other kids in the classroom who are also poor readers,but in a very different way that’s often invisible.These kids read correctly and fluently from the page—they might even be birds—but they don’t understand most words from their mouths.Charles Hulme and his team of York University have been exploring this hidden reading problem,and they’ve come to believe that it may be at its heart a spoken language problem.In one study,they found8-and9-year-old children who had reading comprehension(理解)problems.Then,some got help in reading and understanding written text,and others got only help with spoken language and still others got a mix of both.They all got90minutes of help every week for20weeks,after which their skills were tested.They were also tested again almost a year later,to see if any improvements existed.All three groups showed improvements in comprehension soon after the training,but those trained only in spoken language showed great improvements into the following year—much more than the others.What’s more,the improvements from the spoken language training and the less improvements from a combined(融合的)way appeared to come from improvements in vocabulary.In other words,the spoken language training seems to have resulted in a generalized improvement in the kids’ability to understand language.Reading comprehension is important for success in life,more than ever in history.Reading difficulties create educational difficulties,which in turn lead to social and economic disadvantage,including joblessness.Kids won’t be asked to read out loud in the real world,but they will be expected to know what they’ve read.30.__________are called“mice"in the writer’s class.A.Students who like animalsB.Students who have good scoresC.Students who are in small groupsD.Students who do worst in reading31.What does the underlined word“invisible”probably mean?A.Cannot be tried.B.Cannot be seen.C.Cannot be hidden.D.Cannot be taught.32.What does the result of Charles Hulme’s research tell us?A.Scientists should observe long-term influence.B.A hidden reading disability have been explored.C.Reading difficulties create educational difficulties.D.Speaking training improves comprehensive ability.33.Which is the best title for the passage?A.Is language training meaningful?B.Is language training easy or not?C.Is reading comprehension a hard problem?D.Is reading comprehension a hidden disability?4.2019北京门头沟区初三二模CIs It Better to Read Books or Listen to Them?We often think how fast we learn something depends on how smart we are.If your brain is taking in material quickly,you’re clever;if not,well,thatdoesn’t say great things about your IQ.But scienceshows context (上下文)and technique (技术)actually play a big role in how fast we learn,and even small changes –like the way you use to read –can make a big difference.Audio (音频的)books have plenty of advantages:you can enjoy them anywhere,even in the car,and notprinting books saves trees.Poor readers also often find them more interesting.But according to the latest research,if your goal isn’t to pass the time in traffic,but instead to learn something difficult,you should choose a physical book.In a recent opinion piece in the New York Times,psychology (心理学)professor Daniel T.Willingham mentioned a 2010study where 48students either read or listened to an article about child psychology.Although the students spent the same amount of time with their material and did about the same number of distracting (分散注意力)activities while they absorbed the information,they scored very differently on a 10-item quiz later.Generally,the readers scored 81percent but while the listeners scored 59percent.Why does listening vs reading material have such a great effect on learning?Willingham explains that first,most of us read more slowly than we listen (especially when pausing and rereading),and when you’re trying to absorb new information,slower seems to be better.“About 10to 15percent of eye movements during reading are actually regressive –meaning the eyes aregoing back and re-checking,”he explains to TIME.“This happens very quickly…”Second,books offer visual cues (可视线索)that help our brains organize and understand new information.Things like chapter breaks,subheadings,and lists help us in making sense of the material and understanding how it fits together.You lose all that when you go the audio way.The bottom line is simple:Don’t feel shame about passing your time in traffic with an audio book.However,be aware of audio’s limitations when it comes to studying,and seriously consider choosing good old-fashioned reading instead.27.According to the writer,you should choose to read a book to ______.A.take in the information B.pass the time in traffic C.learn something difficult anize new information 28.A “physical book”in Paragraph 2probably means “______”.A.an audio book B.a book about physics C.a book about computer D.a book made of paper or cloth 29.What can we learn from the passage?A.To read a book is better than to listen to it.B.Readers are cleverer than listeners.C.Reading books is a good way to pass time.D.How fast we learn depends on how smart we are.DThe UK should start producing lab-grown meat to help solve the world’s food crisis(危机),according to a research group.A report by the Adam Smith Institute says meat made in a laboratory is better for the environment and would be cheaper than meat produced from farm animals.Need for meat around the world is expected to increase by70%by the year2050.So could people be eating lab-grown meat in the future?Usually animals like cows are killed to produce the meat that people eat,but scientists have found a way to make meat in a laboratory without killing any animals.Animals are made up of cells(细胞).Scientists worked out how to take cells from an animal,like a cow,and multiply(繁殖)them in a dish.In the end from one tiny cell,tens of billions of cells can be grown.These join together to form meat.In2013,the first hamburger grown this way was eaten in London.It took a year to produce and cost over£200,000to make.Dr Mark Post,who created the world’s first hamburger from meat grown in a lab,told the BBC it “tastes exactly the same as the meat we know”.When two food critics(评论家)tried the burger in2013,one said it was“close to meat”and another said it tasted like a real hamburger.It’s not just beef that is being created; companies are also working on other meat like turkey and chicken.The Adam Smith Institute says moving away from the present way meat is produced would help reduce greenhouse emissions(排放)by up to96% and free up99%of the land used in farming worldwide.They also think it will reduce chances of food poisoning(中毒)because the meat is grown under such controlled conditions.Jamie Hollywood from the Adam Smith Institute also told the BBC lab-grown meat could be a lot cheaper.He says the price has gone down in five years from£200,000to£8,so in the future it could be even less.30.The main idea of Paragraph3is______.A.what lab-grown meat isB.how lab-grown meat is madeC.what lab-grown meat tastes likeD.when people can eat lab-grown meat31.The writer mentions two food critics in Paragraph4to show that______.b-grown meat is cheaperB.chicken meat can be made in the labb-grown meat tastes similar to animal meatD.English people first tasted lab-grown meat32.The writer probably agrees that______.b-grown meat will cause a lot of problemsb-grown meat tastes better than animal meatC.making lab-grown meat will cost too much moneyb-grown meat can help solve the world’s food crisis33.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Could lab-grown meat be the future of food?B.What does lab-grown meat taste like?C.When could people eat lab-grown meat?D.What is lab-grown meat and how is it made?5.2019北京房山区初三二模CEnvyIt's a familiar feeling.Your friend has made the team for Saturday's big game,and you take certain pleasure in telling him you can't he there to watch him play.You smile,but that voice in you asks,why him and not you?Envy is an uncontrollable emotion that can hurt our relationships.Envy is a fault that we like to keep secret.It raises its ugly head when we focus on what we want but don't own now,or we may even wish for and take pleasure in someone losing it.Feelings of unfairness are part of being human,but when you focus on them,you can never get out of your dark emotions.And that makes you feel bad.So is there a solution?Here are some strategies you can use when you find yourself feel envious:Don't fight with your feelings.When you fight with your feelings,they will fight back.So just accept,"I feel envious."Train yourself to celebrate others'success.Changing your behavior is usually the best way to change your thoughts,feelings and aim for real pleasure in the achievements and good fortune of others.When someone in your life experiences some kind of success,send them an email or a card. Cheer on your friend when he scores that goal.Then go out and do something special,and make you wonderfully proud of yourself.Make peace with yourself,accept the gifts which make you special.Well, why not turn envy on its head,and make it become the encouragement you need for self-improvement?The best thing against envy is not to compete where you can't shine,but to do your best where you can.Then find out exactly the situations and qualities in others that start your envy.Is it someone's singing voice,their grades,or their new shoes?Envy shows us the things we'd like to have,so make a plan to earn what's important to you.Start a training program.Sign up for a night class.Give up a treat or two,and startTry some of these tips when you feel envious next tune.27.The writer gives an example in paragraph1to.A.explain the reasonB.introduce charactersC.lead in the topicD.list sonic problems28.The second paragraph is mainly about.A.the difference between envy and encouragementB.the description of emotion about envyC.the suggestions about dealing with envyD.the influence of envy on health29.What can we learn from the passage?A.We should fight with envy directly.B.We should celebrate others’envy feeling.C.We can change envy into encouragement.D.We can start a training course about envyDAs summer comes near,manychildren are really happy to forget aboutschool for a few months.The summervacation is the best time for students.Theycan go outdoors and have fun.They can goto big cities to go sightseeing,or go to thecountryside to enjoy the beauty of nature.However,studies have found thatchildren forget between one and three months'worth of school learningduring the summer months.Spelling and math abilities are seriouslyinfluenced because of the long vacation,while reading is not reallyinfluenced by the time off.The most probable reason for this is that mostchildren usually read at least outside of the classroom,whether newspapers,magazines,books,or video game guides.However,their math and spellingskills only get exercised in the school setting.The first summer vacation appeared because the farm children have timeoff to help work in the fields in the high growing season,but this reason is nolonger valid since fewer kids actually work on farms today.Some cities inthe United States,such as Los Angeles.Have moved to a year-round schoolcalendar,which will bring less influence in their studies.Most cities still usethe normal nine and a half-month calendars.To improve skills and to have agood level of preparation,experts suggested trips to museums,summercamps,and visits to libraries to keep kids active and interested the wholesummer.There are other educational systems that provide vacations while stillkeeping students'skills in a high level.For example,in Japan students attendclass for seven weeks continuously,followed by two weeks of vacation.Thiscontinues go through all the year.In Italy,students attend class six days perweek,but finish at1:30p.m.each day,so that school does not manage theirlife the way that it does in America.Educational experts fear that the three-month summer vacation stops thecontinuity of learning.Just as students get used to new ways in reading,writing,or critical thinking skills,then the summer vacation comes,they shutdown for a long period.When they go back to school after the vacation,theytake up to two months to return to their previous level of understanding.Andso the debate continues:whether to continue the present vacations or to seekchanges.30.The students'abilities of the spelling and math are influenced in thesummer vacation because they.A.take the summer vacation too seriouslyB.do little work of math or spellingC.don't like spelling and mathD.have to help work in the fields31.What can we learn from the passage?A.Students may keep reading in summer vacations.B.The United States has stopped summer vacations.C.The summer vacations have no influence on students'skills.D.Now most children still work on farm in summer vacations.32.What does the underlined word"valid"in the second paragraph probablymean?A.acceptableB.aimlessC.imaginableD.valueless33.What is the best title for the passage?A.Do we need new Educational Systems?B.Do summer vacations confuse students?C.Should summer vacations be changed or not?D.Should students improve ability in vacations?。

2020年各区二模---CD篇阅读延庆（C）Do you sweat, chew（嚼）your pencil, and feel butterflies in your stomach as your teacher hands out a test?A lot of people get freaked out（兴奋）when it is time to take a test. It is natural to feel some stress(压力) about taking tests. In fact, sometimes a little adrenaline（肾上腺素）is a good thing to jump-start you. Here are some tips for taking tests:● First, be sure you have studied properly. It sounds like a no-brainer, but if you are sure of the information, you will have less reason to be worried.● Get enough sleep the night before the test. Your memory recall (使想起，回忆) will be much better if you have had enough rest. In a scientific study, people who got enough sleep before taking a math test did better than those who stayed up all night studying.● Listen closely to any instructions. As the teacher hands out t he test, be sure you know what is expected of you.● Read the test through first. Once you have the test paper in front of you, read over the full test, checking out how long it is and all the parts that you are expected to complete. This will allow you to estimate（估量）how much time you have for each part and ask the teacher any questions. If something seems unclear before you start, don’t panic: ask.● Focus（集中）on addressing each question one by one. As you take the test, if you do not know an answer, do not obsess (使困扰) over it. Instead, pass over the question and come back to it after you have answered other questions.● Relax. You might need a mini-break if you are so nervous that you blank out. Of course you cannot get up and move around in the middle of a test, but you can wiggle（摆动）your fingers and toes, take four or five deep breaths, or picture yourself on a beach or some other calm place.These tips should help most people, but some can get serious test-taking fear. You may need to ask a teacher or counselor for help if you are one of them.54. The underlined word “butterflies” means ________.A. madB. smartC. stupidD. nervous55. From the passage, we can know ________.A. if we are nervous in the middle of a test, we can take pictures of ourselvesB. when we don’t know some answers of the test, we must finish them right nowC. getting enough sleep the night before the test can help recall our memory easilyD. when we get the test paper we should read part of the test so that we can save time56. The passage is mainly about ________.A. how to do well in testsB. how to read tests carefullyC. how to focus on questions of testsD. how to ask a teacher for help about tests（D）Dreams are expressions of thoughts, feelings and events that pass through our mind while we are sleeping. Everybody dreams. But only some people remember their dreams. Our dreams often include all the senses—smells, sounds, sights, tastes and things we touch. We dream in colour. Sometimes we dream the same dream over and over again. These repeated dreams are often unpleasant. They may even be nightmares—bad dreams that frighten us.Early in the twentieth century, two famous scientists developed their personal ideas about dreams. Austrian psychiatrist(神经病专家)Sigmund Freud published(出版)a book called “The Interpretation of Dreams” in 1900. Freud believed people often dream about things they want but can’t have. These dreams often have something to do with sex and aggression (侵犯行为). Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung worked closely with Freud for several years, but he believed dreams could help people grow and understand themselves. He believed dreams provide solutions(解决方法) to problems we face when we are awake. He didn’t believe dreams hide our f eelings about sex or aggression. Today we know more about the science of dreaming because researchers can take pictures of people’s brains while they are sleeping.Other researchers are studying how dreaming helps our bodies work with problems and very sad emotions. Robert Stickgold is a professor of psychiatry at Harvard University in Massachusetts. Doctor Stickgold says that when we dream, the brain is trying to make sense of the world. He does not agree with Sigmund Freud that dreaming is the way we express our hidden feelings and desires.Scientists believe it is important to keep researching dreams. Doctor Stickgold says it has been more than one hundred years since Sigmund Freud published his important book about dreaming. Yet there is still no agreement on exactly how the brain works when we are dreaming or why we dream.57. A book on dreaming was published by ________.A. Sigmund FreudB. Robert StickgoldC. Carl JungD. the writer58. In the passage, all the psychiatrists ________.A. study dream and dreaming and have their own ideasB. think dreams always hide someone’s feelings about sex or aggressionC. have the same idea that people often dream about the things they wantD. believe dreams can help people understand all the problems that they face59. Which of the fowling is true according to the passage?A. Other researchers have discovered how dreaming helps our bodies work.B. Freud developed the idea that dreams are expressio ns of people’s hidden feelings.C. Carl Jung thought dreams provide solutions to problems we face when we are sleeping.D. Scientists have known well why we dream because they can take pictures of our brains.60. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. The Explanations of Dreams.B. The Ways of Dreams.C. The Solutions to Dreams.D. The Mystery (奥秘) of Dreams and Dreaming.顺义（C）FOZZY was a terrible waitress. She never got anybody’s order right, sending them complaining to the manager. There were stains (污点) all over her uniform and runs in her stockings. Everyone laughed at her and called her Fozzy –I didn’t even know her real n ame.But on Thanksgiving night, when only Fozzy and I manned(在岗位上) the wait stations, I had poured out my troubles to her before I even knew it. Thankfully, Fozzy, whom I had never talked much with, lent a friendly ear to me. I even told her I finally saved some money for college schooling but then my old car refused to start and I was told I had to pay $500 to fix it.Unexpected, as we clocked out, she said: “I’ve been trying to sell my old car for weeks. It’s in good shape. I’m only asking $300 for it. Maybe the money you’d saved would cover the tuition.” I leaped at（欣然同意）the offer.Later, Fozzy’s smile filled the corridor (走廊) as she opened her door welcoming me into her apartment. I sat on a worn couch and looked around her modest one-bedro om home. It was clean, but a waitress’ wage would only stretch（伸展，延伸）so far…“Oh, I’m sorry,” I said, noticing that the table had been set for two.” I didn’t realize you were expecting company.” Fozzy smiled sadly.“Oh, no. That is just habit. Ever since my husband died six years ago, I can’t stand to see a table set for one,” she said.“Listen,” I said, pulling out my tips that day. “Why don’t we order some take-out, so your nice table here doesn’t go to waste? My treat. It’s the least I can do after you helped me out.”We enjoyed a lovely meal together that night. But there was another surprise in store for me. Later, on the front seat of my new used car I found a letter and some money.“Thank you for the first Thanksgiving I’ve celebrated in six years,” said the note. “This isn’t much, just the tips I made tonight. Maybe you can buy one of your textbooks. Thanks again, Mavis.” Actually, that name was on Fozzy’s nametag the whole time –If I’d only looked: Mavis.54. Which of the following statements about Fozzy is TRUE according to the article?A. She didn’t want other waitre sses to know her . She managed to live simply on her waitress’ wage.C. She tried to provide the best service.D. She didn’t care for the author.55. The und erlined word “modest” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______.A. poorly managedB. not satisfyingC. not big or expensiveD. bright and beautiful56. From the text, we can conclude that ____.A. the author didn’t like the way her co-workers treated FozzyB. Fozzy knew the author would visit her that dayC. Fozzy went out of her way to help the authorD. Fozzy meant to celebrate her first Thanksgiving since her husband died57. The article is mainly about ______.A. how the author got ready for collegeB. the joyful experience of working as a waitressC. an unforgettable Thanksgiving dinnerD. a great surprise from Fozzy, a near stranger（D）Books have been our best friends from time immemorial(远古以来). There was a time when reading them was supposed to be the best way of entertainment. Book lovers used to carry the book of their choice wherever they went. But, now in this microchip（微芯片）generation where everything is possible with the help of the Internet,we do not need to carry them for reading. E-books are gaining popularity and the Web world is now a treasure house of books. All book lovers can be glad, as now they can find their favorite books online.Reading books online is a somewhat new idea, People used to think that the Internet is a storehouse of information. But with the development of technology, now you can read and download books from the Web world. Imagine reading your favorite romantic novel while on a pleasant trip. You may think that it will be quite boring to carry such heavy books while touring. But there is nothing to worry anymore as e-books have come as a boon (恩赐)to us.E-books are nothing but online books. The only difference between an e-book and a book is that one has a physical existence while the other dwells(居住者，居民) in the practical world of the Internet. Content is the same for both. And you are saved from the hassles of carrying books as well.There are various e book depositories (贮藏室)from which you can either buy or download e-books. The process of downloading them is very easy. The websites give proper instructions and you just need to follow them to get hold of the book of your choice. Moreover, if you do not want to make deal, just read it by opening the online depository and read it for free.From entertainment to business, e-books prove to be handy for all purposes. The time will come when they will become the most important entertainment option for many people.58. In the second paragraph, the writer wants to tell us .A. we can have a more pleasant trip with e-booksB. technology has been developed a lot in the past few yearsC. the Internet is full of a large amount of useful informationD. it is very tiring to carry heavy books here and there59. The underlined sentence (in Paragraph 3) probably means .A. you have to save some money to carry the booksB. you can have some advantages to carry the booksC. you can have some chances to carry the booksD. you have no troubles to carry the books60. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. The Difference Between Traditional Books and E-booksB. The Great Development of TechnologyC. The Time of E-books Is Coming to UsD. E-books Are in Great Need Nowadays平谷（C）No one really knows why we sleep. There are two theories, but a theory is only an idea or a guess—scientists don’t know if these theories are correct or not.One theory of sleep is called the “Repair Theory.” This theory says that during the day we use many important chemicals in our bodies and brains. We need sleep to make new chemicals and repair and fix our bodies. One piece of evidence (证据) for this theory is that our bodies produce more of a growth hormone ( a chemical that helps us grow) while we sleep.Another theory is called the “Adaptive Theory.” This theory says that sleep developed because it stopped early humans and animals from wasting energy and putting themselves in danger from the other animals that killed and ate them; in other words, sleep kept them safe and out of trouble. It was necessary for them to survive.Whatever the reason for sleep, everyone sleeps and everyone dreams every night. Many times we don’t remember our dreams, but we still dream. Like sleep, no one knows exactly why we dream or what dreams mean. There have been many theories about dreams throughout history. Many cultures believe that dreams can predict the future—that they can tell us what is going to happen to us. Sigmund Freud and other psychologists and psychiatrists believe that dreams can tell us about our feelings and desires.However, some scientists now believe that dreams mean nothing at all—dreams are caused by the electrical activity in our brains while we sleep. These scientists believe that nerve cells fire without any aims and our brains try to make a story out of these meaningless patterns. These scientists say that dreams seem crazy and without meaning sometimes because they are crazy and without any meaning at all.54. What can we know from Paragraph 2?A. Dreams may not mean anything.B. There’re many theories abo ut what dreams mean.C. Sleep may help our bodies prepare for a new day.D. It is possible that sleep protected us from dangers.55. What does the underlined word “ survive” mean?A. catch chancesB. continue to liveC. keep safeD. save energy56. What is the passage mainly about?A. Sleep and DreamsB. Believe It or NotC. Two Theories about DreamsD. Theories about Dreams.（D）Many environmental groups are warning oceans of the world are in great danger. The two main dangers for the oceans are pollution and overfishing. Pollution receives more publicity (attention got from media), butoverfishing may be the most destructive of the two in the next few years.By the early 1990s, 13 of the world’s 17 main fishing areas were already destroyed or badly damaged by overfishing.Fishermen are finding fewer and fewer fish everywhere. Unfortunately, this does not mean that fishermen are stopping fishing. Instead many are using new technology to fish new waters as deep as a mile.Many scientists believe that present fishing methods will destroy all the large fishing areas of the world. What can be done to stop this?Some scientists believe that governments should create no-fishing zones-areas where no one can fish. Governments can patrol and police these areas. During the . International Year of the Ocean, more than 1600 leading scientists and biologists from 65 countries urged the world to create 80 times the no-fishing areas that exist now. Their goal is to protect 20 percent of the world’s oceans by 2020. This is happening in some places—for example, the fishing industry in Britain is beginning to accept no-fishing zones because the amount of fish the industry catches is getting smaller and smaller.The fishing industry often argues that the scientific evidence is not complete—that we just don’t know what is going on in the oceans. Now, scientists and environmentalists have to prove that the fishing industry is doing damage before the government will pass laws protecting the ocean. This takes time and sometimes it is difficult to prove something like this. Science magazine says we should have the opposite rule—big fishing companies should have to prove that they are not destroying the oceans before we allow them to fish. In other words, the companies should be responsible for proof.Environmentalists say that average people need to get together and put pressure (压力) on their governments to do something; the large fishing companies who own the large fishing boats are not going to stop fishing by themselves. If we don’t, they say, there will be nothing left in the oceans but water.57. The writer tells us _____________ in Paragraph 5.A. the need to stop overfishingB. some facts about overfishingC. possible solutions to stop overfishingD. disagreements on fishing areas damage58. From the passage, we can know _______________.A. pollution doesn’t destroy oceans as badly as overfishingfishing areas will be most likely damagedC. more no-fishing areas have been createdD. fishing companies should know fishing rules59. We can infer from the underlined sentences in Paragraph 1 ________.A. media have paid more attention to pollution,B. media shouldn’t pay more attention to pollutionC. less attention has been paid to overfishingD. overfishing may become more dangerous to oceans60. The best title of the passage is _____________.A. Stop FishingB. The Ocean in TroubleC. No-fishing Areas NeededD. Problems caused by Overfishing密云(D)Walking up to a stranger and starting a conversation matters much to making new friends. Making small talk can also lead to important business relationships, but it takes confidence, preparation and practice. Do it well, and people will feel relaxed with you and enjoy your company. So how can you learn the art of small talk?Before you go to a business convention(正式会议)or other social situation, prepare three things that you can talk about. They can be something in the news, a good movie or a popular sports team’s recent win. Then you have a topic to start with when y ou meet a new person. Also, don’t wait for someone to approach you. Look for someone who is standing alone, and start a conversation. Try a simple statement that you share something in common: “The food looks delicious.” Or There sure are a lot of people here.” Then introduce yourself, “Hi, I’m Helen. (Hold out your hand for a handshake.) I just moved here, and I love this weather.”After you start a conversation, keep it going. Instead of asking questions that can be answered with a yes or no, ask open—en ded questions like, “What do you think of the meeting?” It’s time to move on once you’ve made a good impression. Be bright(smart and cheerful), be brief(don’t talk too long), and be gone(there are more people to meet).Use a goodbye line. To someone you en joyed meeting at a gathering, say, “I really must be going, but it was really nice to meet you. Here’s my card.” If they hand you their card, be sure to show interest in it. Read it over briefly, and then put it in your pocket to show that it is valued.Making small talk will open doors to meeting many interesting people. When you show an interest in others, they become interested in talking to you. Listening carefully and remembering a fascinating(迷人的)bit of information about each person will come in use if you meet again.57. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to make new friendsB. What’s good about small talkC. The importance of business conversationsD. How to make small talk58. According to the passage, being good at small talk______.A. decides the success of any business relationshipB. is a key to making new friendsC. doesn’t need any practiceD. always makes people feel at home with strangers59. The underlined word “approach” in Paragraph 2 probably means “______”.A. reachB. introduceC. likeD. teach60. We learn from the passage that______.A. in a way small talk is a big challengeB. most people like talking about food in small talkC. personal cards are necessary in small talkD. people can get much useful information in small talk门头沟(D)Sorry to say, our brains naturally start slowing down at the young age of 30. It used to be thought that this couldn't be helped, but new studies show that people of any age can train their brains to work faster. "Your brain is a learning machine," says University of California scientist Dr. Michael Merzenich. Given the right tools, we can train our brains to act like they did when we were younger. All that's required is the practice designed just for the purpose: a few exercises for the mind.Merzenich has developed a computer-based training method to speed up the process（进程）in which the brain deals with information . Since much of the data we receive comes through speech, the Brain Fitness Program works with language and hearing to better speed and accuracy （准确性）.Over the course of training, the program starts asking you to distinguish (tell) sounds (between "dog" and "bog", for example) at an increasingly faster speed. It's a bit like tennis instructor, says Merzenich, hitting balls at you faster and faster to keep you challenged. You may start out slow, but before long you're pretty quick.The biggest finding in brain research in the last ten years is that the brain at any age is highly plastic. If you ask your brain to learn, it will learn. And it may even speed up while in the process. To keep your brain young and plastic you can do one of a million new activities that challenge and excite you：playing table tennis or bridge, doing crossword puzzles, learning a language.... "When it comes to preventing ageing, you really do 'use it or lose it'," says Barbara Sahakian, professor at Cambridge University.58. People’s brains according to the new studies.A. will not start slowing down until the age of 30B. will start working slowly after the age of 30C. can work as well as at a young age through certain exercisesD. can not be improved once they start to slow down59. What can we learn from the text?A. Using right too ls is important for brains’ work.B. Brain research deals with information from the InternetC. Dr. Merzenich is a scientist in computer,D. Many activities can keep our brains young.60. Which of the following agrees with the writer’s idea?A. The train methods work better for the old.B. People should use the brain to stop it from ageing.C. The training of the brain should start at an early age.D. It is necessary to take part in as many activities as possible.怀柔(D)There are thousands of things to be sold that are of all colors and shapes in a supermarket, making you believe that they are good enough for you to have a try. How? Packaging(包装)is the quiet but persuading(有说服力的) salesman.There on the shelves，each bottle, can and box has been carefully designed to speak to the inner self of the consumer(消费者), so that he is buying not only a product(产品)but also his belief in life. Scientists have studied on this and found that the look of the package has a great influence(阻碍)on the “quality” of the product and on how well it sells, became “Consumers generally cannot tell between a product and its package. Many products are packages and many packages are products,” as Louis Cheskin, the first social scientist studying consumers’ feeling for packaging, noticed.Colors are one of the best tools in packaging. Studies of eye movement have shown that colors draw human attention quickly. Take V8 for example. For many years，the bright red color of tomatoes and carrots on the thin bottle makes you feel that it’s very good for your body. And the word “green" today can keep food prices goingup.Shapes are another attraction．Circles often mean happiness, became they are pleasing to both the eye and the heart. That’s why the round yellow M sings of McDonald’s are inviting to both young and This new consumer response(反映)to the colors and shapes of packages reminds(提示)producers and sellers that people buy to meet the needs of both body and heart.57. According to the passage, ______ seems to be able to persuade a consumer to buy theproduct.A. the pleasing color of the packageB. the special taste of the productC. the strange shape of the packageD. the belief in the product58. It can be inferred(推测)from the passage that V8 is a kind of .A. vegetable dishB. healthy juiceC. hard drinkD. red vegetable59. “And the word ‘green’ today can keep food prices going up” This sentence suggests that consumers today are .A. starting to notice the importance of new foodB. enjoying the beauty of nature more than beforeC. beginning to like green vegetablesD. paying more attention to their health60. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Colors and ShapesB. Packaging Can TalkC. The response to the packagesD. Colors and Shapes Can Draw People Attention朝阳(D)The sun beat down on Zhang Tingjun as she ran the “City of Peace” marathon (马拉松) in Dili, East Timor, last June. As the 28-year-old came up to the finish line, she felt something rising in her throat (喉咙). When she was done, she caught sight of her three running mates and saw that they were also troubled by emotion. It was not because their unpleasant experience was over. For Zhang and her friends, each step they took would help save a life.It all started in July 2020 when the four young Singaporean women decided to go on an adventure (历险) together. Someone suggested a five-day bicycle race and they jumped at it.Soon they were talking about the poverty (贫困) that has troubled East Timor. “The conversation slowly turned to a common subject—to use adventure as a chance for change,” Zhang recalls. They set up The Chain Reaction Project (TCRP), with the goal of using their love for sport and adventure to help the poor.In addition to their four-hour-a-day training plan, they asked families, friends and workmates for donations (赞助). Their first efforts raised just $78. Then out of the blue, Zhang’s friend, Ivy Singh Lim, donated $15,550. “To have someone believe what we are doing means more than the money in my hand,” says Zhang. In all they raised more than $35,000.The four friends arrived in Dili in August 2020, several days ahead of the start of the race. Needing a place to stay, they took up an offer to camp at HIAM Health, a children saving center.During their week at the center, the women learned that more than half of Timorese children under five don’t have enough food. They also discovered that the center was trying to get enough money to prove what it could do to help. TCRP came to a decision the money they had raised would go to HAIM Health.One child at the center rounded Zhang’s heart. Two-year-old Sarah came from a poor family. “Sometimes the children’s condition i s so bad that they cannot grow normally. But Sarah received help early enough and became all right soon,” Zhang recalls.When the TCRP members returned for the 2020 Dili marathon, they were joined by 18 other runners. The group raised $10,000 for HIAM Health, as well as a $21,750 playground donated by Playpoint Singapore. Today HIAM Health plays an important role in poor children’s lives.TCRP next plans to climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa, in February 2020. Their goal: to raise at least $30,000 for AIDS children.“We know a $ 10,000 donation isn’t going to save the world,” Zhang says. “The effort of a group of people will be far greater than the four of us can achieve on our own.”57. Which of the following is the four women’s first adventure?A. The five-day bicycle race. .B. The “City of Peace” marathon.C. The camping during night.D. The climbing of Kilimanjaro.58. Who did the TCRP members want to help at the beginning?A. The poor in East Timor.B. Friends and workmates.C. Children who need food.D. Children who are badly ill.59. How much did the TCRP raise in the 2020 Dili marathon for HAIM Health?A. $10,000.B. $15,550.C. $31,750.D. $35,000.60. The underlined sentence means that ______.A. the more people believe what we are doing, the more money we can raiseB. to make people believe what we are doing is harder than to raise moneyC. our next goal is to make much more people believe what we are doing nowD. it is more important to make ourselves understood than to raise money昌平(C)If you watch the sky about an hour after the sun goes down, you may see some “moving stars”. But they aren’t real stars. They’re satellites, a machine that has been sent into space and goes around the Earth, moon, etc. And the biggest of all is the International Space Station (ISS).The ISS is the biggest satellite because scientists want to live on it. They think that the best way to learn more about space is to live there.The space shuttle Discovery has taken off from the Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida several times and carried a few groups of astronauts to the International Space Station.When the space station is finished, it will be like a city in space. People will stay and study there with many of the things they have at home. Laboratories, living rooms and power stations are being built. The ISS is the most expensive space program ever. Millions and millions of dollars are being spent on it every year.Scientists hope that the ISS wil l be a stepping stone for future space exploration. “The ISS will help us better understand the human body, explore (know more about) space and study the earth. It can help us make life on the earth better,” said Kathryn Clark, an ISS scientist.Sixteen countries are in the program: The US, Russia, Canada, Japan, Brazil and 11 European countries. China is not an ISS country, but it has helped with some of the experiments. In 2003, China sent some rice up to the ISS to find out what space would do to it.Twenty Chinese students talked directly to an astronaut (spaceman) in the International Space Station (ISS) on radio in Nanjing, capital of east China's Jiangsu Province on Sunday, 2007. The 20 students, aged 10 to 19 from Shanghai, Guangzhou and Nanjing, began talking to Clayton C. Anderson, a 48-year-old American astronaut at 18:50 . at Nanjing No. 3 Middle School when the ISS was passing over Nanjing.After it’s finished, more than 90 percnt of the world’s population will be able to see the space station. So keep looking up, and maybe you’ll see i t get bigger and brighter.55. It seems that _____.A. we can probably see the ISS when the sun goes downB. some students from Nanjing have been to the ISSC. China is one of the members in the ISS groupD. the ISS is still in the space but has stopped working56. “Power stations” in the third paragraph infers _____.A. houses for people to live in, to study and do research workB. machines that go around the earth, the moon and some starsC. buildings where electricity is produced to supply a large areaD. some countries which help send the ISS up into space57. --- Why did the scientists send up the International Space Station (ISS)?--- Because they _____.A. would send up most of the earth people to live thereB. could talk with some Chinese school studentsC. hoped to travel to Mars and Venus some dayD. wanted to live in space and do better research(D)All over the world, and for many different reasons, there are millions of people who never eat meat. These people are called vegetarians. To people who eat meat, being a vegetarian may seem like a very strange thing. But they won’t eat meat for several different reasons.First, vegetarians have a big health advantage. One of the major health problems in modern world is too much food, especially in the form of animal fats. Medical study suggests that animal fats, including butter, quicken the development of cholesterol (胆固醇) in the human body. Too much cholesterol seems to be part of the cause of heart disease. Most vegetarians have low level of cholesterol. Too much animal fats also seem to lead to certain kinds of cancer, and vegetarians have less these cancers than people who eat a lot of meat. Overall, studies comparing the health of vegetarians and meat-eaters show that the meat-eaters are twice as likely to die of heart disease as vegetarians are.Better health is one reason that people choose to become vegetarians. Another reason is religion (宗教). Eating of meat is never allowed in some religions. The largest of these is the Hindu religion, which has about 600 million believers in the world. Although not all Hindus are vegetarian, many are, and there are many believers of other religions, such as Buddhism and even some Christian religions that also do not eat meat.。

Xicheng 2moIf I could go back in timeOne of the most popular topics in the history of science fiction has been the idea of time travel.When I was a child, I often dreamed about a time machine that would allow me to “save” certain moments of my life, so that in case I failed to do something, I could always “load” my life from a checkpoint. As I grew ______ (13), my life experiences gradually became more diverse (多样的). In many situations, I had no idea how to act properly, what decisions to make, what path to follow; ______ (14), I made mistakes. While many of my actions back then turned out for the good in the future, some mistakes provided many painful moments for me and people around me. Mistakes are certain to happen, but they allow us to learn, ______ (15) ourselves, and drive us to change for the better—and still sometimes I would like to jump into a time machine, go back a couple of years ago, and make ______ (16).Would I try to make other people act in a different way? I think no. I would rather ______ (17) myself about the awaiting consequences (后果) of my most careless decisions. I would talk to a long-haired teen holding his first cigarette and tell him: “Don’t do that.” So many warnings I would give to myself that sometimes I think: was it really me who did this and that?Having a time machine would make life easier. Perhaps, it is true. But what I think more often now is that living without this teaches us responsibility, about oneself, about important people to us, about one’s own life. And besides, our ______ (18) make us what we are today. Today I am a person leading a healthy, active lifestyle; I try to live each day to fullness in order to ______ (19) nothing.If I could go back in time, I would try to make my ______ (20) better. This is what our parents always try to do when we are children. But you know what? I am glad that no time machine has been invented.13. A. wiser B. older C. stronger D. richer14. A. naturally B. directly C. suddenly D. luckily15. A. love B. enjoy C. develop D. trust16. A. wishes B. journeys C. decisions D. corrections17. A. warn B. comfort C. advise D. criticize18. A. dreams B. changes C. mistakes D. responsibilities19. A. fear B. cost C. miss D. regret20. A. family B. future C. childhood D. educationCResearch has already suggested that opening a book may help improve brain function and reduce stress. Now, a team led by Joanna Sikora of the Australian National University is looking into the benefits of growing up around a book-filled environment; the researchers’ new study suggests that homes with libraries can arm children with skills that last well into adulthood.The study looked at data from 160, 000 adults from 31 countries, including the United States, Australia, Turkey and Chile. Participants (参与者) filled out surveys with the Programme for the International Assessment of Competencies, which measures proficiency (水平) in three areas: literacy (读写能力), numeracy and information communication technology. People, 25 to 65 years old, were asked to tell how many books were in their house when they were 16 years old. The research team was interested in this question because home library size can be a good sign of “book-oriented socialization”. Participants were able to choose from a given range of books that included everything from “10 or less” to “more than 500”.The surveys, which were taken between 2011 and 2015, showed that the average (平均的) number of books in participants’childhood homes was 115, but that number varied widely from country to country. The average library size in Norway was 212 books, for example; in Turkey, it was 27. In all, however, it seemed that more books in the home was linked to higher proficiency in the areas tested by the survey.The effects were most marked when it came to literacy. Growing up with few books in the home resulted in below average literacy levels. Being surrounded by 80 books raised the levels to average, and literacy continued to improve until libraries reached about 350 books, at which point the literacy rates leveled off. The researchers saw similar thingswhen it came to numeracy; the effects were not as pronounced with information communication technology tests, but skills did improve with increased numbers of books.So, what does the new study tell us? Take, for example, an adult who grew up with hardly any books in the home, but went on to get a university degree compared to an adult who grew up with a large home library, but only had nine years of schooling. The study found that both of their literacy levels were almost the same. “So, literacy-wise, bookish childhood makes up for a good deal of educational advantage,” the study authors write.Further research is needed to decide exactly why exposure to (沉浸在) books in childhood encourages valuable skills later in life, but the study offers further evidence to suggest that reading has a powerful effect on the mind. And so home library size might be important because, as the researchers note, “children emulate (模仿) parents who read.”27.The second paragraph is mainly about ______.A.what the study found outB.how the study was carried outC.who were invited to the researchD.why the researchers did the study28.The phrase “leveled off” in Paragraph 4 probably means “______”.A. backed to averageB. started fallingC. continued to growD. stopped rising29.The example in Paragraph 5 shows ______.A.the disadvantage of having little school educationB.the effect of having a home library in childhoodC.the necessity of raising people’s literacy levelD.the importance of getting a university degree30.What can we learn from the passage?A.The study explained why bookish childhood encouraged valuable skills.B.Adults benefit more from a home library than children.C.Home library size has little to do with numeracy level.D.Parents who love reading benefit children a lot.DRobotic PetsI am going to predict how people are going to be with future technology in their life. I think robotic pets are going to be increasingly popular as the technology develops. At least I am going to build what I think is a strong case for this prediction.From a neurological point of view, I do not see anything in the way to people bonding (纽带) fully with robotic pets. The human brain can attach ( 赋予) emotions to things and respond to emotional signaling. Being alive is simply not required. From how objects move, our brains infer that they are able to act with their own will and purpose. If they move in a way that cannot be explained simply as passive ( 被动的) movement, then they must be moving on their own. Therefore, they can connect to the emotional centers in our brains. We either fear them, or love them, or hunger for them, or whatever. We can respond emotionally with cartoon creatures, with animals, and yes, even with robots. Our brains treat things that act alive as if they are alive — no different.One of the opposite points that people often bring up is that they love the way their pets behave, not just look. This gets to AI, which has been developing at a fast pace. We have AI that can beat world masters in chess and go. I have no doubt we can build AI to mimic ( 模仿) the behavior of dogs and cats, if not now then probably within a generation.So we will have no problem fully emotionally bonding with a robotic pet. But this doesn’t mean we would prefer such a pet. One argument against robotic pets is that they will be expensive compared to a live pet — but this is likely not to be true forever. Living pets need to be fed, and they need at least basic medical care, and they may need to be boarded at times. Also, people spend hundreds of dollars on pets, or thousands of dollars on pure bred species. Robotic pets will finally cost less in total than biological ones.But let’s get to the real reason people will prefer robotic pets at last. The possibilities for building in useful technology are endless. An advanced robotic pet could also serve as a defensive and alarm system. You could recharge your cell phone off their batteries. They could be a walking cell phone. They would be excellent companions for the elder, affording them more independence for longer. This in itself would be a huge cost saving — anything that keepspeople out of a nursing home is cost effective.Imagination is really the only limitation, once you have the basics of a working robot. When the technology crosses a certain limit, this will be a thing. Future generations may consider keeping a living animal in your home as primitive (原始的) and cruel. They may have a point.31.Why can we bond fully with robotic pets?A.They can respond to our reactions.B.They can move actively and freely.C.Our brains can treat things differently.D.Our brains can attach emotions to them.32.According to the passage, we know that ______.A.robotic pets will be cost effective in the futureB.present AI can mimic all the behaviors of live petsC.the elder prefer to have robotic pets as companionsD.the young think it primitive and cruel to keep live pets33.The writer probably agrees that ______.A.live pets will serve us betterB.it is easier to keep live pets at homeC.technology ensures robotic pets a bright futureD.imagination limits the development of robotic pets。