12-Human brain cancer studied by resonance Raman spectroscopy.

望江中学高二下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题， 从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Why does the man make the call?A. To book a room.B. To look for some one.C. To ask for theprice.2. What time is it now?A. 4:00.B. 6:00.C. 8:00.3. What does the woman keep eating? A. Meat. B. Potato chips. C. Cola.4. What will the man do tonight?A. Attend a meeting.B. Go to the cinema ・ C ・ Watch TV at home.5. What is the weather like now?A. Cloudy ・B. Rainy.C. Snowy.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5 分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前， 你将有时间阅览室读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两 遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题. 6.Why didn ' t the man go to the beach? A. He didn ' t like traveling.B. He had some troubles,too tired.7.What are the speakers going to do?A. Check the computer program.B. Repair the computer, the boss.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

考试注意事项整个试卷共120题,听力部分有30道题,长度约25分钟,该部分结束后立即开始语法词汇部分,然后是填充部分和阅读部分。

这三部分时间统用,共80分钟。

听力录音长度约21分钟,共30题,其中10题有惩罚措施:做对得1分,做错扣0.5分。

因此建议:不要做没有把握的题。

阅读部分中第111-120题亦有惩罚措施:做对得1分;做错扣1分。

请先下载听力试题的声音文件(MP3格式。

按鼠标右键,用―目标另存为...‖将声音文件下载到硬盘上,然后用相关软件播放。

试题的标准答案附在最后。

请自己核对答案。

最终成绩的换算表:Part I Listening Comprehension (听力理解每个正确答案乘以 1Part II Grammar and Vocabulary (语法、词汇每个正确答案乘以 0.6Part III Cloze (填充每个正确答案乘以 0.8Part IV Reading Comprehension (阅读理解每个正确答案乘以 1四项换算后的成绩之和为总分。

满分为100分。

录取等级参考标准如下:高级班:65分以上中级班:50-64分准中级班:35-49分基础班:20-34分Part I Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections :In this section, you will hear 10 short statements. The statements will be spoken just once. They will not be written out for you, and you must listen carefully in order to understand what the speaker says.When you hear a statement, you will have a period of 15 to 20 seconds to read the four sentences in your test book and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the problem and mark your answer by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Listen to the following example:You will hear:You will read:[A] He's been living in Beijing for a long time.[B] He used to live in Beijing.[C] He's gone to Beijing for a short visit.[D] He should stay longer in Beijing,Sentence [B] "He used to live in Beijing" is closest in meaning to the statement "He is no longer living in Beijing." Therefore you should choose answer [B].1. [A] Tom is riding a bike.[B] The bike is upside down.[C] Tom is repairing the bike.[D] Tom is cleaning his bike.2. [A] Professor Graff doesn't usually write on the blackboard.[B] Students are rarely bored in Professor Grafts class.[C] The professor uses graphs when she lectures.[D] Students in the graphic arts course don't take notes.3. [A] They are with them.[B] It is with them.[C] They are with her.[D] He is with her.4. [A] I passed the test because I studied hard.[B] I won't do well on the test if I don't study.[C] I failed the test because I didn't study enough.[D] I'll study hard so I can pass the test.5. [A] How long is the school term?[B] Why did you turn over the stool?[C] I wish I know how to get to the dormitory.[D] I want the term to end soon.6. [A] The boat owner must be rich.[B] This man must be the owner.[C] Those men are both rich.[D] The boat has a monkey on it.7. [A] Alice answered Jean's question.[B] Alice allowed Jean to respond.[C] Jean's response was questionable.[D] Alice accepted the answer.8.[A] Bob bought a new pair of sandals.[B] Bob's sandals were fixed.[C] The shoemaker only made sandals.[D] The shoemaker wore sandals.9.[A] We have to go to a party after work.[B] We are going to have a party when the house has been painted.[C] We went to a huge party after the house was painted.[D] We'll go to the party if the house is painted.10. [A] They read about the invention in the news report.[B] The inventor wrote an interesting news report.[C] A reporter asked the inventor some questions.[D] The reporter was watching the news.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear 10 short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. You will hear the question only once. When you have heard the question, you will have a period of 15 to 20 seconds to read the four possible answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] and decide which is the best answer. Mark your answer on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Example :You will hear:'You will read:[A] At the office.[B] On his way to work.[C] Home in bed.[D] Away on vacation.From the conversation, we know that Bill is sick and will have to stay in bed until Monday. The best answer, then, is [C] "Home in bed." Therefore, you should choose answer [C].11. [A] On the steps.[B] By the window.[C] At s store.[D]In a bank.12. [A] It's almost time for lunch.[B] Only a few strawberries will be eaten at lunch.[C] There are just enough strawberries for lunch.[D] There won't be many people for lunch.13.[A] No one knows how Mary gets to work.[B] It's surprising that Mary could repair the record player.[C] She threw the old records away.[D] She doesn't think the record player works.14. [A] In a railroad station.[B] In a bus terminal.[C] In a restaurant.[D] In a hotel room.15. [A] At the information desk.[B] On the platform.[C] On the train.[D] Near the stairs.16. [A] Eighteen.[B] Nineteen.[C] Twenty.[D] Twenty-eight.17. [A] He gave homework.[B] He prepared a test.[C] He opened the book to page 20.[D] He went to the cinema.18. [A] He doesn't understand the question.[B] He will definitely not lend her the money.[C] He will lend her the money.[D] He might lend her the money.19. [A] She lost her money.[B] The price of postage went up.[C] She didn't know where the post office.[D] The post office was closed today.20. [A] Zero.[B] One.[C]Two.[D] Three.Section CDirections :In this section you will hear several brief talks and/or conversations. You will hear them once only. After each one, you will hear some questions. You will hear each question once only. After you hear the question, you will have 1 5 to 20 seconds to choose the best answer from the four choices given. Mark your answer on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.21. [A] A person's character.[B] A person's voice characteristics.[C] A person's health.[D] A person's profession.22. [A] The strength of the speaker.[B] The force of air that comes from the lungs.[C] The weight of the speaker.[D] The height of the speaker.23. [A] The highness or lowness of sounds.[B] The loudness of sounds.[C] The force of sounds.[D] The speed of sounds.24. [A] The Student Activities Office will open.[B] Seniors will measure their heads.[C] Students will order new school hats.[D] Seniors will graduate.25. [A] All students[B] All seniors[C] All graduating seniors[D] All faculty26. [A] What kind of ceremony there will be[B] How to order the graduation outfit[C] How much to pay for the clothes[D] Where to go for graduation27. [A] Rent them[B] Buy them[C] Clean them[D] Measure them28. [A] Michael Jackson.[B] Muhammad Ali[C] A very famous actor.[D] A very famous and powerful president.29. [A] He was a gold medal winner in Olympics.[B] He is the younger brother of Michael Jackson.[C] He had some influence on the president of the U.S.[D] He is quite popular with the American young people today.30. [A] They usually don't live long.[B] They usually are quickly forgotten by the public.[C] They don't know where to hide themselves.[D] They are usually very fat.Part II Grammatical Structure and Vocabulary(30 minutesSection ADirections :There are 10 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are 4 words or phrases marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Example: I have been to the Great Wall three times ___ 1979.[A] from[B] after[C] for[D] sinceThe sentence should read, "I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979." Therefore you should choose [D].31. Those foreign visitors look very ____.[A] smartly[B] wildly[C] like friends[D] friendly32.It ____ every day so far this month.[A] is raining[B] rains[C] has rained[D] rained33. James has just arrived, but I didn't know he ____ until yesterday.[A] will come[B] was coming[C] had been coming[D] came34. She ought to ___ my letter a week ago. But she was busy with her work.[A] have answered[B] answering[C] answer[D] be answered35. The house ____ windows are broken is unoccupied.[A] its[B] whose[C] which[D] those36. _____ of gold in California caused many people to travel west in hope of becoming rich.[A] The discovering[B] To discover[C] The discovery[D] On discovering37. _____ the Wright brothers successfully flew their airplane.[A] The century was beginning[B] It was the beginning of the century[C] At the beginning of the century[D] The beginning of the century38. After a brief visit to New Orleans,____.[A] returning to New York and beginning to write his greatest poetry did Walt . Whitman.[B] Walt Whitman returned to New York and began to write his greatest poetry.[C] Walt Whitman was writing his greatest poetry when he returned to New York.[D] having returned to New York Walt Whitman wrote his greatest poetry.39. We wish that you ____ such a lot of work , because we know that you would have enjoyed theparty.[A] hadn't had[B] hadn't[C] didn't have had[D] hadn't have40. Since your roommate is visiting her family this weekend, why_____ you have dinner with ustonight[A] will[B] won't[C]do[D] don'tSection BDirections :There are 10 sentences in this section. Each sentence has four parts underlined. The four underlined parts are marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Identify the one underlined part that is wrong. Mark your answer on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Example:A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition which they sawA B C Dmany new products.Answer [C] is wrong because the sentence should read, "A number of foreign visitors were taken to the industrial exhibition where they saw many new products." So you should choose[C].41. Thomas is most excellent in the family.A B C D42. By 1642 all towns in the colony of Massachusetts was required by law to have schools.A B C D43. Both moths and butterflies have a keen sense of sight, smell, and tasting.A B C D44.The plane took off after holding up for hours by fog.A B C D45. Smith sold most of his belongings. He has hardly nothing left in the house.A B C D46. The reason why I decided to come here is because this university has a goodA B CDepartment of English.D47.If he would have finished his paper a little sooner, he would have graduated this term.A B C D48. Most experts agree that there have never been such an exciting series ofA B Cbreakthroughs in the search for a cancer cure as we have seen recently.D49. If one does not have respect for himself, you cannot expect others to respect him.A B C D50. The South is mostly Democrat politically, when the North has both DemocratsA B C Dand Republicans.Section CDirections:There are 20 sentences in this section. Each sentence has a word or phrase underlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the one word or phrase which would best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined part. Mark your choice on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Example: The initial step is often the most difficult.[A] quickest[B] longest[C] last[D] firstThe best answer is [D] because "first" has the same meaning as "initial" in the sentence. Therefore you should choose [D].51. The initial talks were the base of the later agreement.[A] first[B] quickest[C] last[D] longest52. She is quiet and pious at church in the morning but gossips all afternoon.[A]gentle[B] smiling[C]joyful[D] devout53. The weatherman said, "It will be chilly this afternoon."[A] wet[B] turbid[C] hot[D] cold54. He walked to his bedroom cautiously because he heard strange sounds in it.[A] happily[B] carefully[C] curiously[D] noisily55. Apparently she never got my letter after all.[A] Evidently[B] Disappointedly[C] Luckily[D] Anxiously56. Placing tags on ducks and geese as they migrate is one method of studying the behavior of birds.[A] sleep for winter[B] move from one place to another[C] flee their enemies[D] search for food57. In September, 1835, Darwin's vessel arrived at the Galapagos Islands.[A] assistant[B] cargo[C] ship[D] gun58. Movie studios often boost a new star with guest appearances on television talk shows.[A] attack[B] watch[C] denounce[D] promote59. When products advertise extensively on television, they are often ridiculously overpriced.[A] inexpensive[B] costly[C] valueless[D] overabundant60. John and his brother have entirely different temperaments.[A] likings[B] dispositions[C] tastes[D] objectives61. Seeds are contained in the center of fleshy fruit such as apples and pears.[A] core[B] focus[C] nucleus[D] median62. One of the responsibilities of a forest ranger is to drive slowly through the area in search of animals in distress.[A] cruise[B] tiptoe[C] skid[D] mare63. Mrs. Palmer was offended by the clerk's mean remark.[A] tasty[B] nasty[C] misty[D] musty64. Most recipients of the peace prize are given the award in person, but sometimes the award is givenposthumously.[A] when the person is out of the country[B] after the person has died[C] to political prisoners[D] by mail65. Seeing the Grand Canyon from the air is a sight to behold.[A] hold upon[B] remember[C] anticipate[D] gaze upon66: Mythical creatures have been a part of the folklore of many cultures throughout the centuries.[A] Appealing[B] Magical[C] Legendary[D] Fighting67. Everyone would like a panacea for health problems.[A] protection against[B] advice for[C] a cure-all for[D] a decrease in68. In the fall it is gratifying to see stalks of wheat ready for harvest.[A] terrifying[B] satisfying[C] surprising[D] relaxing69. A bad winter storm can paralyse an urban area.[A] immobilise[B] evacuate[C] isolate[D] stabilise70. Even though he was obese, Oliver Hardy gained fame as a comedian.[A] dying[B] crazy[C] unhappy[D]fatPart III ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the choices in the column on the right. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and draw a short bar across the corresponding letter.There is a lot of luck in the drilling foroil. The [71] may just miss the oil although it is near;[72], it may strike oil at a fairly high[73]. When the drill goes down, itbrings [74] soil. The sample of soil from various depths areexamined for traces of [75]. If they are disappointed at one place, thedrillers go to [76]. Great sums ofmoney [77] spent, for example in the deserts of Egypt, in ‗prospecting‘ for oil. Sometimes[78] is found. When you buy a few gallons of petrol for our cars, we pay not only the [79] of the petrol, but also part of the cost if the search that 71.[A] time[B] man[C] drill[D] plan72. [A] at last[B] in the end[C] as a result[D] on the other hand73. [A] level[B] time[C] place[D] price74. [A] down[B] up[C] on[D] in75. [A] sand[B] water[C] oil[D] gas76. [A] another[B] the other[C] others[D] one another77. [A] are[B] is[C] has been[D] have been78. [A] a little[B] little[C] a few[D] few79. [A] amount[B] price[C] cost[D] drilling北京语言大学出国人员培训部/入学考试样题/2013is [ 80 ] going on.When the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries.[ 81 ].The commonestform of treatment is [ 82 ]. When the oil is heated, the first vapours[ 83 ] are cooled and become the finest petrol. Petrol has a lowboiling[ 84 ]; if a little is poured into the hand, it soon vaporizes.Gas that comes off the [ 85 ] lateris condensed into paraffin. [ 86 ] the lubricating oils of variousgrades are produced. What [ 87 ] is heavy oil that is used as fuel.There are four main areas ofthe world [ 88 ] deposits of oil appear.The first is [ 89 ] of the Middle East.Another is thearea [ 90 ] North and South America, and the third, between Asia and Australia. The fourth area is the part near the North Pole. 80. [A] often[B] frequently[C] busily[D] always81. [A] to be treated[B] to treat[C] for treatment[D] for treating82. [A] heated[B] to be heated[C] to heat[D] heating83. [A] to rise[B] rises[C] rising[D] risen84. [A] level[B] place[C] point[D] degree85. [A] ground[B] air[C] oil[D] water86. [A] Then[B] Last of all[C] Afterwards[D] Lately87. [A] remains[B] remain[C] remained[D] remaining88. [A] there[B] which[C] that[D] where89. [A] the one[B] one[C] that[D] this90. [A] between[B] among[C] above[D] belowPart IV Reading Comprehension(40 minutesDirections:In this part there are passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers. Choose the one you think is the best answer. Mark your choice on the answer sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets. Questions 91-94 are based on the following passage:The fiddler crab is a living clock. It indicates the time of day by the color of its skin, which is dark by day and pale by night. The crab's changing skin color follows a regular 24-hour cycle that exactly matches the daily rhythm of the sun.Does the crab actually keep time, or does its skin simply respond to the sun's rays, changing color according to the amount of light that strikes it? To find out, biologists kept crabs in a dark room for two months. Even without daylight the crab's skin color continued to change precisely on schedule.This characteristic probably evolved in response to the rhythm of the sun, to help protect the crab from sunlight and enemies. After millions of years it has become completely regulated inside the living body of the crab.The biologists noticed that once each day the color of the fiddler crab is especially dark, and that each day this occurs fifty minutes later than on the day before. From this they discovered that each crab follows not only the rhythm of the sun but also that of the tides. The crab's period of greatest darkening is precisely the time of low tide on the beach where it was caught!91. The fiddler crab is like a clock because it changes color[A] in a regular 24-hour rhythm.[B] in response to the sun's rays.[C] at low tide.[D] every fifty minutes.92. The crab's changing color[A] tells the crab what time it is.[B] protects the crab from the sunlight and enemies.[C] keeps the crab warm.[D] is of no real use.93. When the fiddler crabs were kept in the dark, they[A] did not change color.[B] changed color more quickly.[C] changed color more slowly.[D] changed color on the same schedule.94. The best title for the passage is[A] The Rhythmic Cycles of the Sun and Tide[B] Discoveries in Biology[C] A Scientific Study[D] A living ClockThere is another example of the revolution in railway signaling and safety measures which can also be attributed to the widespread introduction of electricity in the last decade of the nineteenth century. The track circuit, patented by one William Robinson as far back as 1872, was based on a simple principle. A section of track is insulated at the rail joints from the adjoining sections, and an electrically-operated switch or relay is maintained in the closed position by a low-voltage current passing continually through the rails. The effect of the entry of a train on the insulated section is to short-circuit this current through its wheels and axles with the result that the switch opens. It will be appreciated that should the current fail or should an accidental short-circuit take place, the device will behave as if a train were on the section. However, it will obey the essential requirement of every safety device that in the event of failure the danger signal is given.95. What does the paragraph preceding this one probably discuss?[A] Another one of Robinson's inventions[B] A twentieth-century safety device[C] An electrically-operated safety device[D] Railroading in the mid-nineteenth century96. In the last sentence in the passage, what does the word "it" refer to?[A] An accidental short-circuit[B] A danger signal[C] A safety device[D] A train97. Which of the following statements is TRUE?[A] Railway signaling improved with the American Revolution.[B] The last century saw great progress in railway signaling device.[C] The track circuit is a simple application of a complex principle.[D] The widespread introduction of electricity took place around 1910.98. If a short-circuit takes place, what will happen to the section containing the safety device?[A] A fire will start.[B] A danger signal will be given.[C] A train will derail.[D] The electrically operated switch will close.99. What is the result when a train passed over a section with a low-voltage current?[A] It will derail.[B] A switch opens.[C] A danger signal is given.[D] It will shock the crew.100. What is the topic of this passage?[A] The development of electrical safety devices[B] The inventions of William Robinson[C] The danger of railroad accidents[D] The operation of an electrical safety device for trainsLife near the shore everywhere is affected by the tides, which come and go twice each day in a cycle of about twelve-and-a-half hours —just different enough from the daily cycle of the sun so that there can be no regular relationship between the shore being alternately wet and dry and alternately light and dark. The extent of the tides varies greatly, from as little as one foot in inland seas like the Mediterranean, to fifty feet or so in the Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia. In some parts of the world, one of the two daily tides rises higher and falls lower than the other; and tides at the time of new moon and full moon are generally greater than at other times. The extent of the intertidal zone thus varies from day to day as well as from place to place.The kinds of organisms living in the region between the tidal limits depend very much on whether the shore is rocky, sandy, or muddy. Rocky shores have the most obviously rich faunas, because of the firm anchorage for both animals and plants, and because of the small pools left by the retreating seas. Sandy shores, especially when exposed to surf (as they usually are, have the fewest kinds of animals.101. Which of the following factors does not affect the extent of the tides?[A] Place[B] Time[C] The moon[D] The composition of the shore soil102. The time span between tides[A] varies as much as the extent of the tides.[B] is a more constant phenomenon than the extent of the tides.[C] is shorter in inland seas.[D] and the extent of tides depend upon each other.103. The two tides in a given day[A] may vary in extent.[B] never vary in extent.[C] always vary in extent.[D] only vary in extent at the time of a new moon or a full moon.104. The composition of the intertidal soil affect[A] the nature of tides.[B] the temperature of the water in that area.[C] the amount of animals and plants living in that area.[D] the level of pollution in that area.105. Muddy shores[A] have poorer faunas than do sandy shores.[B] have richer faunas than do rocky shores.[C] have poorer faunas than do rocky shores, but richer faunas than do sandy shores.[D] have no faunas at all.106. The smallest tides occur in[A] open seas.[B] inland.[C] bays.[D] deeper seas.Reading is the key to school success and, like any skill, it takes practice. A child learns to walk by practising until he no longer has to think about how to put one foot in front of the other. A great athlete practices until he can play quickly, accurately, without thinking. Tennis players call that "being in the zone." Educators call it "automaticity."A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and decoding the words. With practice, he stumbles less and less, reading by the phrase. With automaticity, he doesn't have to think about decoding the words, so he can concentrate on the meaning of the text.It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools, Alan Rossman of Northwestern University found automatic readers in the first grade who were reading almost three times as fast as the other children and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and still outscoring them on accuracy, comprehension and vocabulary."It's not I.Q. but the amount of time a child spends reading that is the key to automaticity," according to Rossman. Any child who spends at least 3.5 to 4 hours a week reading books, magazines or newspapers will in all likelihood reach automaticity. At home, where the average child spends 25 hours a week watching television, it can happen by turning off the set just one night in favour of reading.You can test your child by giving him a paragraph or two to read aloud - something unfamiliar but appropriate to his age. If he reads aloud with expression, with a sense ofthe meaning of the sentences, he probably is an automatic reader. If he reads haltingly, one word at a time, without expression or meaning, he needs more practice.107. The first paragraph tells us____.[A] what automaticity is[B] how accuracy is acquired[C] how a child learns to walk[D] how an athlete is trained108. An automatic reader[A] sounds out the letters[B] concentrates on meaning[C] has a high I.Q.[D] pays much attention to the structures of sentences109. The Illinois study shows that the automatic reader's high speed[A] costs him a lot of work[B] affects his comprehension[C] leads to his future success[D] doesn't affect his comprehension110. A bright child[A] also needs practice to be an automatic reader[B] always achieves great success in comprehension tests[C] becomes an automatic reader after learning how to read[D] is a born automatic readerQuestions 111 - 116 are based on the following passage:The Triumph of Unreason?Neoclassical economics is built on the assumption that humans are rational beings who have a clear idea of their best interests and strive to extract maximum benefit (or―utility‖, in economist-speak from any situation. Neoclassical economics assumes that the process of decision-making is rational. But that contradicts growing evidence that decision-making draws on the emotions—even when reason is clearly involved.The role of emotions in decisions makes perfect sense. For situations met frequently in the past, such as obtaining food and mates, and confronting or fleeing from threats, the neural mechanisms required to weigh up the pros and cons will have been honed by evolution to produce an optimal outcome. Since emotion is the mechanism by which animals are prodded towards such outcomes, evolutionary and economic theory predict the same practical consequences for utility in these cases. But does this still apply when the ancestral machinery has to respond to the stimuli of urban modernity?One of the people who thinks that it does not is George Loewenstein, an economist at Carnegie Mellon University, in Pittsburgh. In particular, he suspects that modern shopping has subverted the decision-making machinery in a way that encourages people to run up debt. To prove the point he has teamed up with two psychologists, Brian Knutson of Stanford University and Drazen Prelec of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, to look at what happens in the brain when it is deciding what to buy.。

2024年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题2024 National Postgraduate Entrance Examination English TestPart I Reading Comprehension (共40分)Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scorable answer sheet.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Social media has become an integral part of our daily lives. With the rise of platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, people are now more connected than ever before. However, along with the benefits of social media come potential risks.1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about social media?A. It has become an integral part of our daily lives.B. People are more connected than ever before because of it.C. It only brings benefits and no risks.D. Various platforms such as Facebook are mentioned.2. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The benefits of social media.B. The risks of social media.C. The rise of social media platforms.D. The importance of staying connected.3. What is the potential risk of using social media mentioned in the passage?A. Becoming more connected with others.B. Spending too much time online.C. Sharing personal information.D. Using various platforms.4. According to the passage, what are some popular social media platforms?A. Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn.B. TikTok, WhatsApp, Snapchat.C. Instagram, Facebook, Twitter.D. YouTube, Reddit, Tumblr.5. Which of the following statements best summarizes the passage?A. Social media has no risks.B. Social media has changed how we stay connected.C. Social media has no benefits.D. Social media is harmful to society.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.It is commonly believed that the human brain is divided into two hemispheres, with the left hemisphere responsible forlogical thinking and the right hemisphere responsible for creativity. However, recent studies have shown that this idea is not entirely accurate. While there are certain differences between the left and right hemispheres, they work together in complex ways to process information.Which paragraph discusses the belief about the left hemisphere being associated with logical thinking?Which paragraph mentions recent studies that have shown the idea of brain hemisphere division to be inaccurate?Which paragraph mentions the role of the right hemisphere?Which paragraph discusses how the left and right hemispheres work together?Which paragraph is the following statement found in: "The human brain is commonly thought to be divided into two hemispheres, each responsible for different functions."?Part II Vocabulary and Structure (共20分)Section ADirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark thecorresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scorable answer sheet.11. Could you please _______ off the lights before you leave?A. turnB. turningC. turnedD. to turn12. I haven't seen him since last week. He _______ on vacation.A. must have goneB. may goC. must goD. should go13. The book was so interesting that I just couldn't _______ it down.A. putB. dropC. setD. turn14. Sarah _______ in bed reading when I called her.A. layB. laysC. lyingD. laid15. John _______ his birthday party next weekend.A. arrangedB. will arrangeC. is arrangingD. arrangeSection BDirections: In this section, there are 20 sentences that contain a mistake. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Mark the part that is incorrect by placing a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scorable answer sheet.16. The weather is so nice today that we will go for a picnic[A] in the park.A. The weatherB. is so niceC. todayD. in the park17. My sister is very good at playing the guitar, she has been[A] taking lessons for years.A. My sisterB. is very goodC. playing the guitar,D. she has been18. They went to the cinema to watch the new movie that everyone have[A] been talking about.A. They wentB. to the cinemaC. everyone haveD. been talking19. Jim wants to buy a new car, but he hasn't decided[B] what make and model he wants yet.A. wants to buyB. hasn't decidedC. what make and modelD. he wants20. The manager asked me if I can[A] work overtime[A] this weekend to finish the project.A. if I canB. work overtimeC. this weekendD. to finish the project.Part III Reading Comprehension (共20分)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on yourmachine-scorable answer sheet.Passage ThreeQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Climate change is a pressing global issue that affects all living beings on Earth. The rise in temperatures, extreme weather events, and melting ice caps are just a few of the many consequences of climate change. It is crucial that we take action now to mitigate these effects and protect our planet for future generations.21. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The consequences of climate change.B. Ways to combat climate change.C. The importance of protecting the planet.D. Global warming and its effects.22. What does the passage mention as a consequence of climate change?A. Decrease in carbon emissions.B. Rise in temperatures.C. Stable weather conditions.D. Increase in ice caps.23. According to the passage, why is it crucial to take action now?A. To delay the effects of climate change.B. To protect future generations.C. To increase extreme weather events.D. To ignore the consequences.24. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a result of climate change in the passage?A. Extreme weather events.B. Melting ice caps.C. Increase in carbon emissions.D. Rise in temperatures.25. What is the author's stance on climate change?A. It is a problem that will go away on its own.B. Action needs to be taken to protect the planet.C. Climate change is not a serious global issue.D. The consequences are not severe.Part IV Writing (共20分)Directions: For this part, you are asked to write an essay in English in about 150-200 words based on the following pictures.Picture 1: A crowded city street with people rushing in different directions.Picture 2: A serene park with greenery and trees, people leisurely walking.Write your composition with a clear logical structure, proper use of words, and avoid plagiarism.Overall, this English test is designed to assess your reading comprehension, vocabulary, grammar, and writing skills. Good luck!。

然顿市安民阳光实验学校四川省宜宾市高中高三英语上学期第一次诊断测试试题新人教版第I卷选择题（共90分）第一部分英语知识运用（共两节,满分40分）第一节单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分）从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。

1. China’s one-child family policy which has had great effect on the lives of a quarter of the world’s population will come to end.A. a; anB. 不填；anC. a; theD. a; 不填2 .—Can you answer the question, Tom?—Sorry, Sir. My mind . A. wanders B. is wandering C. wandered D. waswandering3.If you want to return these goods, madam, I see the receipt first.A. canB. mayC. mustD. would4 .—Have you booked a table, sir?—Yes, for two. The name is Armstrong.A. itB. thatC. thisD. one5. by the police, the thief couldn’t run away.A. SurroundingB. Having surroundedC.To be surroundedD.Surrounded 6. You’d better remain in hospital until your health has quite a lot.A. made upB. come upC. picked upD. taken up7.bad weather stops me, I take exercise outdoors every morning.A. SinceB. UnlessC. IfD. Though8.—My name is Jonashan. Shall I spell it to you? — .A. If you don’t mindB. Not at allC. How do you doD. Nice to meet you9.The driver parked his car near the roadside, only it was a No Parking area.A. findingB. to findC. having foundD. found10. The Botanical Museum, we visited this summer vocation, is a famous attraction.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where 【解析】第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分,满分30分）阅读下列短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2022-2023高三上英语期末模拟试卷注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2．答题时请按要求用笔。

3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．____ anyone phone during the board meeting, please tell them I am busy. A．Should B．Will C．May D．Can2．My uncle finally bought his dream house ______ overlooks a beautiful park. A．which B．where C．who D．what3．Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek ________ food safety problems.A．in B．toC．on D．after4．The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the ________ to achieve it. A．acquisition B．comprehensionC．determination D．satisfaction5．Once published, the novel was a(n) success and was soon translated into nine foreign languages.A．occasional B．instantC．constant D．individual6．The government should develop system to predict when wildfires occur and give warnings in time.A．previous B．reliable C．reasonable D．responsible7．As its economy is maturing，China’s _________a greater role in critical issues like climate and development.A．defining B．assuming C．guaranteeing D．assuring8．— Thank you very much for giving me a hand when I was in trouble.—Don’t mention it. I only did what anyone else _______ in my place.A．must do B．could have doneC．would do D．can have done9．When all is said and done, there doesn’t seem to be ________ a mystery to explain. A．kind of B．close toC．far from D．much of10．On the bus I saw a student I believed was your brother.A．who B．whomC．which D．whoever11．Wild applause ______when the crowd waiting heard the announcement of the arrival of the pop star at their community.A．made out B．broke out C．let out D．worked out12．We most prefer to say yes to the ______ of someone we know and like. A．attempts B．requestsC．doubts D．promises13．______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.A．To absorb B．To be absorbedC．Absorbed D．Absorbing14．Dad is used to smoking and drinking. There’s no chance _____ I’m able to talk him into .A．whether ; giving it up B．of whether; giving them upC．that; getting rid of them D．which; stopping it15．The expert points out the phenomenon that cream goes bad faster than butter______ its structure rather than its chemical composition.A．lives up to B．gets down toC．comes down to D．stands up to16．— I got that job I wanted at the public library.—___________! That’s good news.A．Go ahead B．Cheers C．Congratulations D．Come on17．During the negotiation to follow, it can be argued that shares of foreign companies are overvalued ________ the return they offer.A．in terms of B．in memory ofC．in favor of D．in charge of18．Being happy is a skill that can be learned, and one way to ________ ourselves to be happy is to write down the little things that cheer us up each day.A．convey B．appeal C．train D．attempt19．Without our team’s great effort, the art exhibition last week ______ such a great success.A．wouldn’t be B．won’t be C．wouldn’t have been D．won’t have been 20．—Tony _______ what I did annoying though he didn’t say anything.—So you think you will have to make an apology?A．could find B．should have foundC．might find D．must have found第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2024 学年第一学期奉贤区高三英语练习卷考生注意：1.考试时间105 分钟，试卷满分115分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置。

Ⅰ. Grammar and vocabularySection A (10分)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the properform of the given word;for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Best Music to Boost ProductivityHow many times have you put on your headphones to help you concentrate on your tasks? Various studies have tried to address the question of (1) music in the workplace can be helpfulor not. The short answer seems to be yes, but it depends on the job and the music.In one study, machine operators at a clothes manufacturer became (2) (productive) whenthey listened to relaxing music; the researchers therefore suggested trying music with a faster pace instead. However, in another study (3) (conduct) among surgeons who operated on patientswhile listening to classical music, it showed that they were both faster and more accurate in performance. In this case, the researchers advised against high pace or loud music (4) it could be distracting.According to some scientists, no matter what task you’re engaged in, lyrics in music (5) negatively impact your attention. However, if (6) (listen) to lyric-less or classical tunes annoys you, you’re probably not going to be very productive, so it ultimately depends on your personal preference.There might be a link between ‘emotional use’ of music at work and performance, too. Essentially, if your mood improves, so does your work. To some extent, then, you may be best off playing music (7) makes you happy. Interestingly, though, one 2023 study, which surveyed244 people who listened to music at work, revealed no benefit when music (8) (use) for cognitive thinking or just played in the background.But if you’re just here for the best tracks (9) (boost) your productivity, we’ve got some recommendations for you. The top three songs most often included in work-related Spotify lists (10) (b e): ‘Drops of Jupiter’ (Train), ‘Dreams’ (Fleetwood Mac) and ‘Don’t Stop Believin’ (Journey). Integrate these songs into your workday and experience the boost in productivity they can provide. Section B (10 分)Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.SkyquakeIf you’ve ever heard a loud, distant booming noise with no obvious explanation like a thunderstorm or a car backfiring, then you might have experienced a skyquake. Skyquakes havebeen reported around the world and locals have 11 names for them in different regions. Near Seneca Lake in New York State, they’re known as ‘Seneca guns’; in Belgium they’re called‘mistpoeffers’; and the Japanese refer to them as ‘uminari’, which 12 means ‘cries from the sea.Some scientists have suggested that a type of meteor(流星)could be the cause. These spacerocks explode when they 13 Earth’s atmosphere. If this occurred above thick cloud, the sound could 14 across a wide area. However, there is no 15 evidence reaching the ground.A(n) 16 explanation is the gas coming out of the bottom of the lake. Several hot spots for skyquake activity are close to large, deep lakes, such as Seneca. But skyquakes have also been reported away from such water bodies.Researchers at the University of North Carolina compared local news reports with information from 17 sensors and earthquake detectors. They were unable to identify any earthquake activity that coincided with the strange noises, 18 ruling out ground shaking as the cause of it. They concluded that this phenomenon is 19 to the atmosphere. Possible reasons could include meteors exploding in the sky or the sound of big waves getting louder because of special weather conditions near the ocean. Over the years, many of these 20 mystery noises have turned out to be caused by military planes flying faster than the speed of sound.Given the diversity of locations and explanations, it’s possible that skyquakes in different parts of the world have different causes. But for now, their true cause remains mysterious.Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension(45分)Section A (15分)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The rigid corridors of Welton Academy carried the weight of tradition and conformity(循规蹈矩). John Keating, an English teacher with a(n) 21 of mystery and passion, stepped into the academy like a breath of freshness in a dull room. His very presence was a(n) 22 to the long-established norms of the school.He was not one to simply stand at the front of the classroom and lectured about Shakespeare’s poetry or the rules of grammar. 23 , he had a unique way of making the words come alive. In his first class, he walked into the room, a twinkle in his eye, and led the boys out into the hallway. Pointing at the old, faded pictures of former students, he said, “Carpe diem, boys. Seize the day. Make your lives 24 . These men were once just like you, with dreams and potential. Don’t let this place bury your ambitions.”His special haven, the “Whispers of the Bard,” was a magical place hidden away from the 25 eyes of the school authorities. Here, under the open sky, Keating would gather the students around him. He would recite poetry with such enthusiasm that the words seemed to 26 in the air. “Poetry,” he told them, “is not just about rhymes and meters. It’s the language of the 27 . It’s the way we express the deepest desires and the wildest dreams that we hold 28 us.”He encouraged each student to find their own voice between the lines of the great poets. To Neil Perry, who had a hidden passion for the 29 burning like a small fire in his heart, Keating was like a guiding star. He saw the potential in Neil’s eyes and said, “Neil, the stage is waiting for you. Don’t let anyone even your fathe 30 your light. Your dreams are precious, and you have the talent to make them come true.” He helped Neil practice his lines, showing h im how to 31 his emotions through every word. Under Keating’s guidance in every session, Neil grew more confident, believing that he could even 32 what his father expected of him.For Todd Anderson, who was shy and often 33 by his brother seemingly excellent at everything, Keating noticed his talent for seeing the deeper meaning in literature. “Todd,” he said, “your mind is a treasure chest. Open it and share your thoughts with the world. Don’t be afraid to34 . Your interpretations are as valuable as any other’s.” With Keating’s encouraging words, Todd started to come out of his 35 , finding the courage to speak up and express himself.Keating’s encouragement was like a gentle wind that blew through the live s of these students, fanning the flames of their dreams and giving them the strength to pursue what they truly loved.21. A. air B. gesture C. mood D. outlook22. A. threat B. barrier C. challenge D. opportunity23. A. However B. Therefore C. Instead D. Moreover24. A. mysterious B. extraordinary C. practical D. specific25. A. caring B. shining C. wandering D. watching26. A. dance B. float C. move D. slide27. A. insight B. innocence C. soul D. sense28. A. between B. upon C. into D. within29. A. poetry B. stage C. match D. music30. A. dim B. adjust C. flash D. fuel31. A. conceal B. project C. stimulate D. sustain32. A. fall within B. persist in C. keep off D. go beyond33. A. overseen B. overshadowed C. overestimated D. overlooked34. A. step away B. fit in C. stand out D. push forward35. A. routine B. shell C. circle D. spaceSection B (22分)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AIn the year 1669, a German trader named Hennig Brand set out on an unusual quest that would lead to one of the most fascinating discoveries in the history of chemistry. Brand, driven by the age-old alchemists’ dream of magically turning base metals into gold, conducted a series of experiments that would forever change our understanding of elements.Brand’s journey began with an assumption that the key to creating “gold” resided in human urine (尿液). This seemingly strange idea was fueled by the observation that urine shared a similar yellow color with the precious metal. Acting on this belief, Brand collected an astonishing 5000 liters of urine and allowed it to stand and ferment (发酵).After weeks of fermentation, Brand boiled the urine down to a thick, sticky substance. He then mixed this paste with sand and heated the mixture to an extreme temperature. What emerged from this process was a substance that was entirely new to the world of science – a white solid that shone with a soft light in the dark.Brand named this glowing material “phosphorus,” originating from the Greek words for “light bearer.” The discovery of phosphorus was not just a scientific breakthrough; it captured the imagination of the public and the scientific community alike. Its ability to give off light in the darkness was both fascinating and mysterious.The implications of Bran d’s discovery were far-reaching. Phosphorus was not only a novelty but also a substance with practical applications. It would later become an essential component in the production of matches, fertilizers, and various chemicals.Hennig Brand’s accidental di scovery of phosphorus in 1669 was more than just finding a new element; it marked the end of the era of the period of magic chemistry and the beginning of modern chemistry. Brand’s phosphorus, once sought as a means to wealth, became a cornerstone in the field of science, a clear demonstration of power of curiosity and the unexpected paths that can lead to enlightenment.36.What is the main idea of the passage?A.The fall of ancient alchemists and the rise of modern chemists.B.The accidental discovery of phosphorus and its scientific impact.C.The importance of human urine in scientific experiments.D.The transformation of base metals into gold through magic.37.What was Hennig Brand’s initial goal when he started his experiments?A.To turn human urine into gold.B. To discover a new element.B. To produce a glowing substance. D. To reform modern chemistry.38.The underlined word “cornerstone” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to .A.mysteryB. symbolC. obstacleD. foundation39.What can be inferred about Hennig Brand from the passage?A.He was a serious chemist who followed established scientific methods.B.He was a visionary scientist who predicted the future of chemistry.C.He was a curious individual willing to explore unconventional ideas.D.He was a wealthy trader with a deep understanding of chemistry.BGoing underground?The Subway is the easiest way to get around the City Centre and WestEnd of Glasgow. Running every four minutes at peak times, it takesjust 24 minutes to complete a circuit of the 15 stations and costsas littleelse on the system.Last Trains40.According to the notice board, which of the following is TRUE?A.The subway is the only way to travel in the city.B.The subway runs every 4 minutes any time of the day.C.An entire journey of 24 stations takes 15 minutes.D.An adult ticket for a full circuit costs only £1.80.41.To arrive at Kelvinbridge on a weekday morning as soon as possible, you can take the earliest train from St Enoch at .A. 6:34B. 6:32C. 10:00D. 10:0342. A couple taking a 15-year-old and a newborn on a ONE-DAY trip in Glasgow can maximize their subway experience by paying .A. £6.45B. £8.40C. £10.75D. £12.90CFor the first time, scientists have observed the brain throughout the pregnancy (怀孕) timeline. Sex hormones, like estrogen and testosterone, are powerful players in the brain, affecting mood, memory, and more. Some of the most dramatic hormonal changes that humans experience happen during pregnancy, and yet those nine months have been a black box for human neuroscience until now.A new study published this week in Nature Neuroscience provides the most extensive look inside that black box yet. Researchers scanned the brain of one woman 26 times over the entire course of her pregnancy – before, during and after. Brain scans show that tracks of white matter get stronger during pregnancy. Previous brain imaging studies from before and after pregnancy have shown that pregnancy shrinks (缩小) parts of the brain, specifically its gray matter. These outer layers of the brain are responsible for most of sensation, learning and other great things the brain does.Shrinking gray matter may sound scary, but it happens to all of us throughout development to fine-tune our neural processing and make our brains more efficient. Though the term “mommy brain” is often used to refer to the brain fog and forgetfulness some people feel during pregnancy, the brain changes are likely adaptive. For example, you may be forgetting where your keys are, but you are way more focused on what is happening to your baby. Researchers are particularly interested in changes within brain regions that help with social cognition by allowing us to take on others’ perspectives.The scale and pattern of brain changes during pregnancy are similar to what other researchers have seen in adolescent brains during puberty (青春期), also driven by hormones. Other researchers have been able to detect whether someone had been pregnant based only on neuro imaging data from decades later. So despite the common saying that our brains stop developing in our mid-20s, hormones seem to drive big, long-lasting changes throughout adulthood.From studying the woman’s brain, researchers confirmed gray matter decreased by four percent over the course of pregnancy and that decrease persisted throughout the end of the study two years after giving bi rth. And it wasn’t just one area or network – 80% of brain regions shrunk. While certain areas and networks changed faster than others, the team doesn’t yet know what the implications are.43.The passage mainly tells us .A.how pregnancy impacts women’s memoryB. how brain scans lead to a breakthrough C． how puberty differs from pregnancy D. how brain changes during pregnancy44.Based on the research, a pregnant woman should changes accompanying “mommy brain”?A.peacefully acceptB. consciously avoidC． completely ignore D. eagerly expect45.We can learn from the last two paragraphs that .A.researchers have figured out why certain areas of brain change fasterB.despite similarity, brain changes in puberty aren’t driven by hormonesC.hormones are likely to cause brain changes beyond adolescenceA. Previously, they’ve trained packs of hero rats to detect dangerous bacteria.B. Then they were introduced to common scents used to mask illegal wildlife trade .C. This effort aims to provide a low-cost detection system to prevent illegal hunting.D. However, there are concerns that the rats might be distracted by some common scents.E. Existing screening tools are expensive and time intensive, necessitating a new approach.F. For this purpose, these trained rats will be expected to work in likely hotspots for illegal wildlife trade.D. the shrinkage of gray matter in brain stops shortly after childbirth46. What is the structure of this passage?A. Presenting a findingB. C. D.Describing a phenomenonSection C (8分)Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Ratting on Crimes“You are never more than six feet away from a rat,” goes the saying. Though it has beenconcluded that this estimate is incorrect, it might soon be accurate for those involved in the illegal wildlife trade. A team of researchers have trained African rats to pick up the scents (气味) of endangered animal products, such as elephant ivory and rhino horn. 47.The rat pack can even identify these items when concealed among other substances, and havebeen shown to remember the smells after months of non-exposure. This isn’t the first time APOPO, a Tanzania-based non-profit, have recognized a potential for a super-rat workforce. 48.The organization looks to provide low-tech, cost-efficient solutions to pressing challengesthroughout Africa.The rats in the new study went through several demanding stages of training. They firstlearned to smell a target scent for several seconds to earn a flavoured reward. 49. The final step was memory consolidation training, where they were reintroduced to scents they’d not encountered for five and eight months, respectively. Despite the months of non-exposure, the rats showed perfect memory scores, suggesting that their cognitive memory performance is similar to that of dogs.Illegal capture, killing, and harvesting of animals and plants have increased dramatically inrecent years. For example, 55 African elephants are killed for their tusks every day, over 20,000 a year. This has to be stopped immediately.50 They will be armed with custom-made vests (马甲). With their front paws, they will be able to pull a small ball attached to the chest of their vest, which gives out a beeping sound. This way rats will be able to alert handlers when they detect a target. Once fully trained and prepared, these giant rats could become illegal hunters’ worst enemy.Ⅲ. Summary Writing(10 分)Explaining Relating with other findings Introducing a topicProviding examples Summarizing the main points Stating a problemProposing solutions Analyzing the causes Predicting the future trends Evaluating the solutions51.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far aspossible.The Significance of Cattle in Maasai SocietyCattle are the traditional partners of the Maasai people of East Africa. The traditional Maasai diet is heavily centered around cattle products. Milk is a fundamental component of the Maasai diet, consumed daily and in various for ms. Fresh milk, known as “enkirowua”, is often drunk straight or mixed with herbs for added flavor and medicinal benefits. Processed milk, or “mokore”, is a popular variation, providing rich source of nutrition. Cattle’s meat is another important part of t he Maasai diet, consumed during special occasions and ceremonies. Every part of the animal is used, reflecting the Maasai’s resourcefulness and respect for their livestock. It represents strength and the community’s collective wealth.Cattle hold significa nt value in Maasai social life. An individual’s social status is heavily influenced by cattle ownership. The number of cattle one possesses directly relates with his standing in the community. This is particularly evident during traditional ceremonies, such as weddings, where the exchange of cattle as gifts signifies the strong bond between families and a shared commitment to the future. Families there share responsibilities in cattle care and their collective management promotes unity and teamwork. For example, the process of milking is a shared activity, involving both men and women and strengthening social bonds. It is especially vital during challenging times, such as droughts or other hardships when the well-being of the cattle is crucial.Cattle also play a big role in Maasai rituals and ceremonies, accompanying individuals from birth to death. For example, the sacrifice of a cow during naming ceremonies or funerals not only celebrates the occasion but also strengthens the community’s spiritual connecti on with their livestock. These rituals highlight the spiritual importance of cattle, seen as a link between the physical and spiritual worlds, thus firmly establishing their central role in Maasai culture.Ⅳ. Translation (15分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52.农忙季节，这个偏远的小村子显得空荡荡的。

2023年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2．答题时请按要求用笔。

3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A．are being built B．will be builtC．have been built D．had been built2．Self- confidence is a kind of quality and that is it takes to do everything well.A．why B．thatC．what D．which3．—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.—_________. Opposites sometimes do attract.A．I hope not B．I think soC．I appreciate that D．I beg to differ4．Don’ t be joking. It’ s time to______your business.A．set out B．take up C．go on D．get down5．________ blood if you can and many lives will be saved.A．Giving B．GivenC．To give D．Give6．Difficulties strengthen the mind, _____ labour does the body.A．if B．asC．for D．so7．Don’t take it seriously，Alice．I wasn’t making _____ fun of you —it’s nothing but _____ joke．A．/; the B．the; theC．the; a D．/; a8．There will be an endless power of youth supporting the Chinese nation’s rejuvenation_______ the younger generation of the country has ideals , pursuits and shoulders.A．as far as B．so long asC．even if D．as if9．_____ here, come and have a cup of tea.A．Passing B．To pass C．Pass D．Having passed10．In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m.，many people have gone home.A．whose time B．thatC．on which D．by which time11．Despite the knowledge he has accumulated, He Jiang continues to be troubled by the question of the unequal_______ of scientific knowledge throughout the world.A．advocate B．distributionC．allocation D．division12．Teachers in primary schools ______ influence the kids fall under should be role models.A．whose B．whoC．where D．which13．I like these English songs and they ________ many times on the radio.A．taught B．have taughtC．are taught D．have been taught14．Jason will never forget about his 18th birthday, saw his being admitted to Harvard.A．when B．which C．that D．it15．The weather turned out to be fine. I _____________ the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.A．should have taken B．must have takenC．couldn't have taken D．needn't have taken16．The differences the child ren’s achievements can not be completely explained ________ their social backgrounds. A．in front of B．in case ofC．in need of D．in charge of17．--- Could we accomplish the task according to the schedule?--- I doubt that. The problem remains ______ we can get financial aid within this week.A．that B．how C．why D．when18．Frankly speaking, I am not sure whether I ________ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.A．should have done B．need have done C．would have done D．must have done19．Mary felt from the outside world, since she lacked an Internet connection and couldn’t receive any e-mail. A．cut down B．cut in C．cut off D．cut out20．Friendship can never be a trade; ______, it needs the most thorough and unprofitable concept.A．in addition B．by contrast C．in return D．by chance第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2025届广东省惠州市惠阳高级中学高三第一次调研测试英语试卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．．Although it in the desert most of the year, people still live there．A．doesn’t rain B．didn’t rain C．hasn’t rained D．hadn’t rained2．Tianjin soccer fans wonder how long it will be ______ the popular soccer star —Sunke can appear in the fields in Tianjin as a member of Tianjin Tianhai soccer team.A．before B．sinceC．until D．where3．The government officials met the workers and engineers working on the stadium, most____ were migrant workers．A．of which B．of who C．of whom D．of them4．Many writers are drawn to building a world, _____ readers are somewhat familiar with but also feel distant from our normal lives.A．it B．one C．that D．the one5．Some people suggest changing the date for the college entrance exams into ______ Saturday and Sunday of the first week of June, which I think is ______ good advice.A．/ ; / B．the; the C．the; a D．the; /6．She must have ranked her birthday presents in order of _because the top one is her favorite．A．value B．time C．interest D．preference7．E-shopping, when properly _____ ,can save us a lot of time and energy.A．done B．doing C．to do D．is done8．The writer was so ________ in her work that she didn’t notice him enter the room.A．abandoned B．focused C．absorbed D．centered9．My summer camp isn’t good fun, but it is real learning experience for me.A．a; / B．the; a C．/; a D．a; the10．– Where did you get to know her?-- It was on the farm ___ we worked.A．that B．there C．which D．where11．This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it，________.A．how much may it cost B．no matter how it may costC．however much it may cost D．whatever may it cost12．The teacher called Tom to his office because he was caught in the exam.A．to cheat B．cheating C．cheated D．cheat13．One of the true tests of leadership is the ability to recognize a problem ________ it becomes an emergency. A．when B．beforeC．after D．unless14．A storm buried Illinois under several inches of snow on Tuesday,______at least 100 people dead in traffic accidents. A．to leave B．leaveC．left D．leaving15．—Excuse me, can you tell me where I can find a supermarket?—I happen to know ________ nearby. Come on, I’ll show you the way.A．one B．itC．that D．some16．The news shocked the public，______ to great concern about students' safety at school.A．having led B．ledC．leading D．to lead17．Afghans used to hold big weddings, costing thousands of dollars, in a county _____ the average annual income is less than $400.A．which B．whose C．where D．what18．Maybe there is some business aspect to the Royal Wedding of William and Kate Middleton but ________ what people are interested in, it’s a hugely popular event around the world.A．in spite of B．in honor of C．in terms of D．in case of19．Under good treatment, many patients are beginning to ________ and will soon recover.A．turn up B．catch upC．pick up D．show up20．Some analysts suspected that the rebellion was _______ and financed by a western country.A．launched B．backed C．evaluated D．crushed第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

human brain 英文作文The Marvelous Complexity of the Human Brain.The human brain, a remarkable organ nestled within the skull, is the epitome of nature's ingenuity and evolution's crowning achievement. It is a vast network of interconnected neurons, synapses, and glial cells that power our thoughts, emotions, memories, and actions, shaping who we are and what we become.At the core of its structure, the brain is divided into three primary regions: the cerebrum, the cerebellum, and the brainstem. The cerebrum, the largest and most developed portion, is further subdivided into four lobes: the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe. Each lobe specializes in specific functions, from executive decision-making in the frontal lobe to visual processing in the occipital lobe.The neurons, the fundamental units of the brain, areconnected to each other through synapses, forming a complex web of neural pathways. These pathways enable the brain to process and transmit information, from the most basic sensory input to the most abstract thoughts. The brain's ability to adapt and reorganize these pathways, known as neuroplasticity, is a testament to its remarkableresilience and potential for learning.The human brain is also remarkable for its capacity for memory. From short-term memories that last only a few seconds to long-term memories that can span a lifetime, the brain stores vast amounts of information. This information is encoded in different ways, from neural patterns to the strengthening of synaptic connections,。

山东省阳谷县第二中学2025届高考冲刺模拟英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．---I usually go there by train.---Why not ________ by ship for a change?A．to try going B．trying to goC．to try and go D．try going2．The Small Goose Pagoda in Xi’an, one of the 22 Silk Road relics located in China, _______ back in 707 during the Tang Dynasty.A．dated B．was datedC．dates D．is dating3．It’s difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ________ we’ve actually had that lesson.A．while B．since C．until D．when4．Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within ______ of children.A．stretch B．expand C．reach D．extend5．Private cars will be required to stay off roads one out of five weekdays ____ the traffic pressure.A．to reduce B．reducing C．reduced D．reduce6．The earthquake in Japan, measuring 9.0 on the Richter Scale, was so violent _______ cause a series of explosions of the nuclear reactors in several power stations.A．to B．that C．as to D．as that7．My uncle finally bought his dream house ______ overlooks a beautiful park.A．which B．where C．who D．what8．--The weather is too cold ___ March this year.-- It was still ___ when I came here years ago.A．for; colder B．in; coldC．in; hot D．for; hotter9．—Alice, why aren’t you at work today?—I a day off．A．have given B．have been given C．gave D．was given10．I was ill that day, otherwise I _______the sports meet.A．took part in B．would have taken part inC．had taken part in D．would take part in11．Our country has launched a campaign to ban smoking in public places, which with some heavy smokers. A．concerns B．was concernedC．concerned D．is concerned12．The film Mei Lanfang, L i Ming plays the starring role,has again drawn the world’s attention to our traditional Chinese art.A．what B．that C．which D．where13．---May I help you？You seem to be having some trouble.----____________，thanks. I think I can manage.A．No problem B．It's all rightC．ok D．No way14．In my driving lesson, a traffic rule that impressed me most is that in no time ________ when the traffic lights turn red.A．all vehicles should stop B．should all vehicles stopC．should stop all vehicles D．should stop all vehicles15．Mr. Smart is believed to be a capable person, who is equal_____ charge of the company very well.A．to take B．to taking C．to be taken D．taking16．—Did you enjoy your journey to Beijing last weekend?—. We had driven more than 3 hours before we found the right way.A．Absolutely B．No way C．Not at all D．With pleasure17．No driving after drinking is a rule that every driver ____________ obey in our country.A．will B．shallC．may D．can18．––Is this tea good cold as well?––______ with ice, this tea is especially delicious.A．Served B．Serving C．Having served D．To be served19．The palace is heavily guarded, because inside its walls ________.A．where sit the European leaders B．the European leaders there sitC．sit the European leaders D．that the European leaders sit20．It really matters _______ he treated the latest failure, for the examination is around the corner.A．if B．thatC．why D．how第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。