盆腔包块诊断思路共31页文档
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盆腔包块疑难病例讨论医生记录范文英文回答:Case Discussion on Difficult Pelvic Mass.Patient History:The patient is a 45-year-old female who presented with complaints of pelvic pain and bloating for the past six months. She also reported irregular menstrual cycles and a feeling of fullness in her lower abdomen. On physical examination, a palpable mass was felt in the pelvic region. The patient has no significant past medical history and no family history of gynecological malignancies.Diagnostic Workup:The patient underwent a series of diagnostic tests, including transvaginal ultrasound, CT scan, and MRI. The imaging studies revealed a large pelvic mass measuring 10cm in diameter, with irregular borders and areas of necrosis. Tumor markers, including CA-125, were within normal limits. A diagnostic laparoscopy was performed, and multiple biopsies were obtained from the mass for histopathological examination.Histopathological Findings:The histopathological examination revealed a complex ovarian mass with features suggestive of a borderline mucinous tumor. However, the presence of solid areas and necrosis raised concerns for a potential malignant transformation. Immunohistochemical staining was inconclusive, and further molecular testing was recommended to characterize the tumor subtype.Multidisciplinary Discussion:Given the complexity of the case, a multidisciplinary team involving gynecologic oncologists, radiologists, pathologists, and medical oncologists was convened to discuss the management options. The team considered thepossibility of a rare ovarian malignancy, such as a mucinous borderline tumor with high-grade transformation, and the need for comprehensive staging and debulking surgery.Treatment Plan:Based on the multidisciplinary discussion, the patient was scheduled for a total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, and pelvic lymph node dissection. Intraoperative frozen section analysis would be performed to guide the extent of surgical resection. Thefinal treatment plan would be determined based on the histopathological findings and the extent of disease spread.Follow-Up:The patient would require close surveillance postoperatively, including regular imaging studies andtumor marker assessments. Depending on the final histopathological diagnosis, adjuvant chemotherapy or targeted therapy may be considered. Long-term follow-upwould be essential to monitor for disease recurrence and assess the patient's overall prognosis.中文回答:盆腔包块疑难病例讨论。
包块叙述模板
包块就是在人身体上长出的新生肿物,人体组织器官中生长出来的新生组织,即本来身上没有,后来长上的肿块,外形呈块状,称为包块。
比如身体上本来没有,后来自己长了肿块就叫做包块。
包块可以发生在身体任何一个部位,在皮下可以出现包块,常见的有脂肪瘤、皮脂腺囊肿等。
包块可在颈部、腹部、腰部、盆腔等部位生长如甲状腺包块、腹腔内肿块、肝脏肿块,脂肪瘤、腹膜后肿块等。
包块有良恶性之分,可以根据生长速度(慢、快)、包块质地(软有韧性、硬)、包块形状(光滑、粗糙不平)、包块边界(边界清楚、无包膜)等来鉴别。
患者有包块以后应及时前往医院诊断治疗,即使是良性包块也不可忽视,没有明显的不适也应该定时复检,避免产生不良后果。
盆腔包块疑难病例讨论医生记录范文英文回答:Case Discussion on Difficult Pelvic Mass.Patient Information:The patient is a 45-year-old female who presented with complaints of lower abdominal pain and bloating. On examination, a pelvic mass was palpated, and further imaging studies revealed a complex cystic mass in the pelvis. The patient has no significant past medical history and has not undergone any previous pelvic surgeries.Discussion:The differential diagnosis for a pelvic mass in a middle-aged woman includes ovarian cysts, endometriomas, fibroids, and ovarian tumors. Given the complexity of the mass on imaging, it is important to consider thepossibility of malignancy. However, it is also important to rule out benign causes of pelvic masses before jumping to conclusions.Further workup for this patient may include tumor markers such as CA-125, imaging studies such as MRI or CT scan, and possibly a diagnostic laparoscopy. It is crucialto involve a multidisciplinary team including gynecologists, oncologists, and radiologists in the management of this patient to ensure a comprehensive and accurate diagnosis.Treatment options will depend on the final diagnosis.If the mass is found to be benign, conservative management with observation or medical therapy may be appropriate. If malignancy is suspected, surgical intervention and adjuvant therapy may be necessary.Overall, the management of pelvic masses requires a systematic and thorough approach to ensure the bestpossible outcome for the patient.中文回答:盆腔包块疑难病例讨论。
盆腔囊性包块的病因和治疗方法盆腔囊性包块通常指的就是医学上叫的盆腔囊肿,这是一种妇科常见的良性肿瘤,好发于中年女性。
虽然说盆腔囊肿属于良性的肿瘤,但对于生育期的女性来讲,可降低女性怀孕的几率,同时还可引起腹痛、腹胀等情况。
所以对于盆腔囊性包块这种妇科疾病一定要做到早发现早治疗,下面一起了解有关盆腔囊性包块的病因和治疗方法。
★一、盆腔囊肿疾病病因对于盆腔囊肿来说,这是一种假性的疾病表现,在我们的临床上还被称之为腹膜包涵囊肿,间皮囊肿等,它们仅仅在病理上是有一定的区别的。
盆腔囊肿多与盆腔炎反复感染引起,由于长期炎症剌激,造成盆腔器官周围组织增厚粘连,抗炎药物不易有效,故病情顽固,反复发作,导致患者体质日虚,恢复缓慢。
因为囊肿的形成由于盆腔手术或炎症损伤后所形成的严重粘连,渗出的纤维素机化粘连包裹了输卵管卵巢具有分泌功能的组织,使其产生的分泌液和渗出液逐渐积聚在粘连间隙扩张成单一的囊腔。
在幼年期有腹膜炎和下腹部手术史者,其早期发生的广泛粘连是造成以后不孕或形成巨大囊肿的基础。
而这些囊壁主要为纤维结缔组织,无吸收功能,囊壁病检无内衬上皮。
★二、盆腔囊肿疾病病理对于盆腔囊肿来说,在妇科疾病之中主要以粘连性的囊肿对为常见。
但在既往文献和资料中尚未有详尽的叙述和探讨,对其术前很难作出确诊,此囊肿的临床表现和B超图像与卵巢肿瘤甚为相似,临床上多似诊为卵巢肿瘤而行剖腹探查,部分缺乏经验的医生,常采用单纯行囊壁剥离和囊腔闭合术,是造成术后复发的主要原因。
★三、中医将盆腔囊肿在临床上分3个类型★ (1)气瘀化热型腹内窜痛剧烈,腹胀泛恶,表面光滑,无腹水,呈囊性发热恶寒,精神郁闷,无力倦怠,带下增多,质稠腥秽。
各型有共有特征是卵巢囊肿多发于单侧,包膜完整,活动,,囊壁光滑,形态一至,进展缓慢,病程较多。
★ (2)寒湿淤滞型腹部有肿块。
下肢浮肿,腹胸积水,食少化滞。
★ (3)气滞血瘀型表现为少腹一侧或双侧有肿块,肿块小者多无明显症状,大者心悸气喘,腰酸,小腹下,大便不畅,尿频尿急,舌有瘀点。
腹部包块的临床诊断【摘要】腹部包块为许多疾病的一个表现,绝大部分腹部包块均需要外科手段治疗,但是,在治疗方案确定前,必须尽可能明确包块的来源和性质,也就是说要明确腹部包块的诊断。
腹部包块的诊断和鉴别诊断必须遵循以下外科临床思维。
【关键词】腹部包块病理诊断结果超声诊断1明确是真性包块还是假性包块临床上易将一些正常的解剖结构和生理现象误认为腹部包块,必须仔细辨别:①长期便秘者粪便积聚在乙状结肠,触诊时在左下腹可扪及到长条形的“包块”,清洁灌肠后“包块”消失。
②急性尿潴留的病人在下腹部可扪及增大的膀胱而被误认为下腹部“包块”,导尿后“包块”消失。
③育龄女性下腹部扪及到包块,应注意妊娠子宫,月经史和尿妊娠试验可帮助诊断。
④腹股沟疝、股疝、脐疝内容物突出时,可在相应的位置扪及包块,但其包块可回纳,腹压增高时,包块增大,病人咳嗽时,可触及包块有冲击感,如果内容物为肠管,尚可闻到肠鸣音。
此外,一些正常的解剖结构如瘦长体型的病人在脐周可扪及到突出的腰椎而误认为“包块”。
2明确包块的腹部层次腹壁肿块位于腹壁内,位置表浅,容易触及,可随腹壁移动,当病人收紧腹肌时,包块更明显,腹壁松弛后,包块即不明显。
腹腔内包块由于位置深在,收紧腹肌时,包块不易扪及。
腹腔内包块与腹膜后包块在体格检查时往往难以鉴别,病人取肘膝位做腹部检查,腹腔内包块下垂,更容易被触及,而腹膜后包块由于大部分固定在后腹壁,不易推动,难以扪及。
临床上腹腔内和腹膜后包块的鉴别,往往须借助于影像学检查。
3明确包块的性质要明确包块的性质,就必须要详细地询问病史,仔细的体格检查和必要的辅助检查。
(1)病史1)一般特征:①年龄:婴幼儿的腹部包块一般为先天性发育异常有关,如先天性胆总管囊性扩张症,肾母细胞瘤等。
中老年人出现的腹部包块,即恶性肿瘤的可能性大。
②性别:女性病人应注意来自女性生殖系统的疾病。
③患者的地区来源:主要注意一些地区流行病如血吸虫病、包虫病等。
④职业:从事化学毒物的职业,出现腹部包块,可能与某些恶性肿瘤有关。
摘要:目的分析和总结25例女性盆腔肿块的CT表现,以提高女性盆腔肿块的诊断水平。
方法回顾性分析CT扫描诊断女性盆腔肿块的25例患者,与其术后病理情况进行对比。
结果本组25例病例中,CT作出准确性诊断22例,符合率88%(22/25),误诊率12%(3/25),准确定位率92%(23/25)。
结论 CT扫描能为大多数典型表现的盆腔肿块提供明确的定位、定性诊断,但表现不典型的盆腔肿块,定位、定性诊断还有困难。
关键词:女性;盆腔肿块;CT;诊断女性盆腔肿块是女性的多发病、常见病,CT检查是继B超之后女性盆腔肿块的主要检查之一,正确诊断盆腔肿块是及时治疗的必要手段。
我院于2009年1月~2011年12月使用CT 对25例患者进行诊断,并通过手术或病理对这些患者进行验证,现报告如下。
1资料与方法1.1 一般资料 25例中,卵巢肿块15例,子宫平滑肌瘤5例,宫外孕破裂出血1例,子宫颈癌1例,子宫内膜癌1例,双侧附件炎性包快2例,年龄16~77岁,平均38岁,病程7 d~3年,临床表现为不同程度下腹部不适或疼痛,月经紊乱、阴道流血,自触或医生触诊及其辅助检查发现盆腔肿块等。
1.2方法采用西门子16排螺旋CT机,已婚患者检查前阴道填塞纱布,扫描前30 min 口服1.5%泛影葡胺约800 mL,平卧,自耻骨联合下起10 mm层厚10 mm层距连续扫描至双侧髂骨上棘联线水平,部分病例向上至肿块扫完为止,在CT影像上,由2位经验的影像诊断医师共同阅片,意见一致者纳入统计。
2结果本组25例女性盆腔肿块中,CT作出准确定性诊断22例,符合率88%(22/25),误诊率12%(3/25),准确定位率92%(23/25),主要病变CT作出初步诊断后,再经手术及病理确诊,卵巢囊肿1例,卵巢囊腺瘤4例,卵巢癌2例,卵巢畸胎瘤5例,卵巢巧克力囊肿3例,子宫肌瘤5例,宫颈癌1例,子宫内膜癌1例,宫外孕破裂出血1例,双侧附件炎性包块2例。