消化系统疾病常用英文词汇表
一、症状
急性腹痛acute abdominal pain
慢性腹痛chronic abdominal pain
吞咽困难dysphagia
吞咽痛odynophagia
噫球感（咽部异物感）globus sensation
呃逆hiccups
食管源性胸痛chest pain of esophageal origin
烧心heartburn
反流regurgitation
消化不良dyspepsia
功能性消化不良functional dyspepsia
恶心nausea
呕吐vomiting
腹泻diarrhea
渗透性腹泻osmotic diarrhea
分泌性腹泻secretory diarrhea
炎性腹泻inflammatory diarrhea
功能性腹泻functional diarrhea
水样泻watery diarrhea
脂肪泻steatorrhea
便秘constipation
消化道出血gastrointestinal bleeding
上消化道出血upper gastrointestinal bleeding
下消化道出血lower gastrointestinal bleeding
不明原因消化道出血obscure gastrointestinal bleeding 隐匿性消化道出血occult gastrointestinal bleeding
呕血hematemesis
呕咖啡样物coffee-ground emesis
黑便melena
便血hematochezia
便潜血阳性positive fecal occult blood test
缺铁性贫血iron deficiency anemia
黄疸jaundice
间胆升高（高非结合胆红素血症）unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
直胆升高（高结合胆红素血症）conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
胆汁淤积cholestasis
肝内胆汁淤积intrahepatic cholestasis
肝外胆汁淤积extrahepatic cholestasis
肝功能异常abnormal liver chemistries
腹水ascites
肝占位liver mass
消瘦weight loss
二、食管疾病
贲门失弛缓achalasia
远端食管痉挛distal esophageal spasm（DES）
胃食管反流病gastroesophageal reflux disease（GERD）
食管裂孔疝hiatal hernia
反流性食管炎/糜烂性食管炎reflux esophagitis/erosive esophagitis
非糜烂性胃食管反流病nonerosive reflux disease（NERD）
Barrett食管Barrett’s esophagus
消化性食管狭窄peptic esophageal stricture
药物所致的食管损伤medication-induced esophageal injury/pill-induced esophagitis 嗜酸细胞性食管炎eosinophilic esophagitis
贲门黏膜撕裂Mallory-Weiss syndrome
自发性食管破裂Boerhaave’s syndrome
自发性食管血肿spontaneous esophageal hematoma
真菌性食管炎fungal esophagitis
念珠菌性食管炎candidal esophagitis
病毒性食管炎viral esophagitis
食管鳞癌esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
食管腺癌esophageal adenocarcinoma
食管乳头状瘤esophageal papilloma
食管平滑肌瘤esophageal leiomyoma
食管脂肪瘤esophageal lipoma
食管静脉曲张esophageal varices
三、胃和十二指肠疾病
胃轻瘫gastroparesis
幽门螺杆菌感染helicobacter pylori infection
胃炎gastritis
慢性浅表性胃炎chronic superficial gastritis
慢性非萎缩性胃炎chronic non-atrophic gastritis
慢性萎缩性胃炎chronic atrophic gastritis
自身免疫性萎缩性胃炎autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis 肠化生intestinal metaplasia
异型增生dysplasia
嗜酸细胞性胃肠炎eosinophilic gastroenteritis
急性糜烂性胃炎acute erosive gastritis
Ménétrier 病Ménétrier’s disease
门脉高压性胃病portal hypertensive gastropathy
胃底静脉曲张gastric varices
胃石gastric bezoar
消化性溃疡病peptic ulcer disease
胃溃疡gastric ulcer
十二指肠溃疡duodenal ulcer
难治性溃疡refractory ulcer
溃疡出血ulcer bleeding
Forrest分级Forrest Classification
I级活动出血active bleeding
Ia 喷射样出血spurting hemorrhage
Ib 渗血oozing hemorrhage
II级有近期出血征象stigmata of recent hemorrhage
IIa 血管显露visible vessel
IIb 血栓附着adherent clot
IIc 平坦的色素沉着flat pigmentation
III级干净的溃疡底部clean-base ulcers
Dieulafoy病变Dieulafoy’s lesion
穿孔perforation
胃出口梗阻（幽门梗阻）gastric outlet obstruction
应激性溃疡stress ulcers
卓-艾综合征Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
胃息肉gastric polyps
胃底腺息肉fundic gland polyps
增生性息肉Hyperplastic polyps
腺瘤adenoma
炎性纤维性息肉Inflammatory fibroid polyps
胃腺癌gastric adenocarcinoma
早期胃癌early gastric cancer
进展期胃癌advanced gastric cancer
鲍曼分型Borrmann classification
上皮下肿瘤subepithelial tumor
黏膜下肿瘤submucosal tumor
黏膜下病变submucosal lesions
胃肠道间质瘤gastrointestinal stromal tumors
神经内分泌肿瘤neuroendocrine tumors
类癌carcinoid tumors
淋巴瘤lymphoma
平滑肌瘤leiomyoma
脂肪瘤lipoma
异位胰腺pancreatic rest（aberrant pancreas）
胃扭转gastric volvulus
四、小肠和大肠
美克尔憩室Meckel’s diverticulum
慢性小肠假性梗阻chronic small intestinal pseudoobstruction 小肠细菌过度生长small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
短肠综合征short bowel syndrome
乳糜泻celiac disease
吸收不良malabsorption
Whipple病Whipple’s disease
蛋白丢失性胃肠病protein-losing gastroenteropathy
抗生素相关腹泻antibiotic-associated diarrhea
伪膜性肠炎pseudomembranous enterocolitis
难辨梭菌感染Clostridium difficile infection
炎症性肠病inflammatory bowel disease
克罗恩病Crohn’s disease
蒙特利尔分类Montreal classification
发病年龄age of onset (A)
A1 ≤16；A2 17-40；A3 ＞40
位置localization（L）
末端回肠terminal ileum（L1）
结肠colon（L2）
回结肠ileocolon （L3）
上消化道upper gastrointestinal (L4)
临床行为behavior（B）
非狭窄非穿透型nonstricturing nonpenetrating（B1）
狭窄型structuring
穿透型penetrating
病情严重程度disease severity
缓解期remission（S0）
轻度mild
中度moderate
重度severe
溃疡性结肠炎ulcerative colitis
病变分布distribution of disease
直肠炎型proctitis
左半结肠炎型left-sided colitis
广泛结肠炎型extensive colitis
急性肠系膜缺血acute mesenteric ischemia
肠系膜上动脉栓塞superior mesenteric artery embolus
急性肠系膜上动脉血栓形成acute thrombosis of superior mesenteric artery
非闭塞性肠系膜缺血nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia
肠系膜静脉血栓形成mesenteric venous thrombosis
局灶节段性小肠缺血focal segmental ischemia of the small intestine 缺血性结肠炎ischemic colitis
结肠缺血colon ischemia
白塞氏病Beh?et’s disease
过敏性紫癜Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura
阑尾炎appendicitis
结肠憩室colonic diverticulum
结肠憩室病diverticular disease of the colon
憩室炎diverticulitis
憩室出血diverticular hemorrhage
肠易激综合征irritable bowel syndrome
肠梗阻intestinal obstruction
小肠梗阻small bowel obstruction
结肠梗阻colonic obstruction
麻痹性肠梗阻ileus
假性肠梗阻pseudo-obstruction
巨结肠megacolon
结肠息肉colonic polyp
管状腺瘤tubular adenoma
绒毛状腺瘤villous adenoma
绒毛管状腺瘤tubulovillous adenoma
原位癌carcinoma in situ
黏膜内癌intramucosal carcinoma
侧向发育型肿瘤lateral（laterally）spreading tumor（LST）
锯齿状息肉serrated polyp
增生（化生）性息肉hyperplastic polyp
幼年性息肉juvenile polyp
P-J息肉Peutz-Jeghers polyp
炎性息肉Inflammatory polyp
家族性腺瘤息肉病familial adenomatous polyposis（FAP）
错构瘤性息肉病hamartomatous polyposis
P-J综合征Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
幼年性息肉病Juvenile polyposis
Cronkhite-Canada 综合征Cronkhite-Canada syndrome
结直肠癌colorectal cancer
早期结肠癌early colonic caner
进展期结肠癌advanced colonic cancer
痔hemorrhoids
内痔internal hemorrhoids
外痔external hemorrhoids
肛裂anal fissure
肛周脓肿perianal abscess
肛瘘fistula-in-ano/ anorectal fistula
结肠血管扩张angioectasia of the colon
遗传学毛细血管扩张症hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu disease)
五、胰腺
急性胰腺炎acute pancreatitis
胆源性胰腺炎gallstone pancreatitis
酒精性胰腺炎Alcohol-induced pancreatitis
轻症mild
中重症moderately severe
重症severe
间质水肿性胰腺炎interstitial oedematous pancreatitis
坏死性胰腺炎necrotising pancreatitis
急性胰周液体积聚acute peripancreatic fluid collection（APFC）
胰腺假性囊肿pancreatic pseudocyst
急性坏死性积聚acute necrotic collection（ANC）
包裹性坏死walled-off necrosis（WON）
感染性坏死infected necrosis
复发性胰腺炎recurrent pancreatitis
慢性胰腺炎chronic pancreatitis
自身免疫性胰腺炎autoimmune pancreatitis
IgG4相关性疾病IgG4-related disease
胰管扩张pancreatic duct dilation
胰腺囊性病变cystic lesions of the pancreas
导管内乳头状粘液瘤intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm（IPMN）浆液性囊腺瘤serous cystic neoplasm
粘液性囊腺瘤mucinous cystic neoplasm
实性假乳头状瘤solid pseudopapillary tumor
胰腺分裂pancreas divisum
胰腺癌pancreatic cancer
壶腹癌carcinoma of ampulla of vater
六、胆道
Oddi括约肌功能障碍sphincter of Oddi dysfunction（SOD）
胆石症gallstone disease
胆绞痛biliary pain
急性胆囊炎acute cholecystitis
慢性胆囊炎chronic cholecystitis
胆总管结石choledocholithiasis
胆管炎cholangitis
化脓性胆管炎suppurative cholangitis
Mirizzi综合征Mirizzi’s syndrome
胆管恶性梗阻malignant biliary stricture
胆管癌cholangiocarcinoma
胆囊癌gallbladder carcinoma
不明原因的胆管狭窄indeterminate biliary stricture
胆管良性狭窄benign biliary strictures
硬化性胆管炎sclerosing cholangitis
原发性硬化性胆管炎primary sclerosing cholangitis
七、肝脏
肝硬化cirrhosis
门脉高压portal hypertension
血色病hemochromatosis
肝豆状核变性Wilson disease
病毒性肝炎viral hepatitis
甲型肝炎hepatitis A
乙型肝炎hepatitis B
丙型肝炎hepatitis C
丁型肝炎hepatitis D
戊型肝炎hepatitis E
药物学肝损害drug-induced liver injury
肝脓肿liver abscess
布加综合征Budd-Chiari syndrome
门静脉血栓portal vein thrombosis
肝小静脉闭塞症hepatic veno-occlusive disease
缺血性肝炎ischemic hepatitis
酒精性肝病alcoholic liver disease
酒精性肝炎alcoholic hepatitis
酒精性肝硬化alcoholic cirrhosis
非酒精性脂肪性肝病nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 自身免疫性肝炎autoimmune hepatitis
原发性胆汁性肝硬化primary bililary cirrhosis
自发性细菌性腹膜炎spontaneous bacterial peritonitis 肝性脑病hepatic encephalopathy
肝肾综合征hepatorenal syndrome
肝肺综合征hepatopulmonary syndrome
急性肝衰竭acute liver failure
肝细胞癌hepatocellular carcinoma
肝内胆管癌intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
肝囊肿hepatic cysts
海绵状血管瘤cavernous hemangioma
八、解剖及内镜术语
胃窦antrum
胃体body
贲门cardia
胃底fundus
十二指肠duodenum
肛门anus
直肠rectum
乙状结肠sigmoid colon
降结肠descending colon
横结肠transverse colon
肝曲hepatic flexure
升结肠ascending colon
盲肠cecum
空肠jejunum
回肠ileum
末端回肠terminal ileum
内镜下静脉曲张套扎术endoscopic variceal ligation
内镜下静脉曲张硬化治疗endoscopic sclerotherapy
组织胶治疗cyanoacrylate injection therapy
注射治疗injection therapy
内镜下黏膜切除术endoscopic mucosal resection（EMR）
内镜黏膜下剥离术endoscopic submucosal dissection（ESD）
息肉切除术polypectomy
内镜下扩张和支架置入术endoscopic dilation and stenting（stent placement）
经皮内镜下胃造瘘术percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy（PEG）
经口内镜下肌切开术peroral endoscopic myotomy（POEM）
超声内镜endoscopic ultrasound（EUS）
内镜下逆行胰胆管造影endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography（ERCP）胶囊内镜capsule endoscopy
双气囊小肠镜double-balloon endoscope
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